CN113431102A

CN113431102A - In-hole dynamic compaction device in physical model test and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113431102A
Application number: CN202110699560.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张莎莎; 田磊; 刘瑞瑞; 张建锁; 黄忠; 王利鑫
Original assignee: Changan University
Current assignee: Changan University
Priority date: 2021-06-23
Filing date: 2021-06-23
Publication date: 2021-09-24

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-hole dynamic compaction device in a physical model test, which comprises a model box with an opening at the top, wherein support plates are arranged at two opposite sides of the model box, a support beam is detachably connected on each support plate, a pulley frame is arranged on each support beam and is positioned in the opening area at the top of the model box, a fixed pulley is connected on each pulley frame, and a lead is hung on the outer diameter of each fixed pulley; the support plate is also connected with a conduit fixing frame, the conduit fixing frame is detachably connected with a first conduit or a second conduit with openings at two ends, the first conduit and the second conduit are positioned between the support beam and the model box, a tamping device is arranged in the inner cavity of the first conduit, a hole digging device is arranged in the inner cavity of the second conduit, and the tamping device and the hole digging device can respectively move in the inner cavities of the first conduit and the second conduit along the length direction; during the tamping stage, one end of the lead wire is led to the ground, and the other end of the lead wire extends into the inner cavity of the first guide pipe to be connected with the tamping device. The invention has more accurate test data.

Description

In-hole dynamic compaction device in physical model test and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of physical model tests, and particularly belongs to a dynamic compaction device in a hole in a physical model test and a construction method thereof.

Background

At present, with the further development of China in the field of infrastructure, people pay more and more attention to special soil foundations, soft soil foundations, solid waste area foundations and the like. The dynamic compaction method is widely known to treat special soil foundations, soft soil foundations and solid waste area foundations by the advantages of simple construction process, wide applicable soil quality range, obvious reinforcing effect, raw material saving, investment saving and the like. The development age of the deep-hole dynamic compaction method is not long, the deep-hole dynamic compaction method is a foundation consolidation technology developed on the basis of the dynamic compaction technology, is a foundation treatment technology which integrates a dynamic consolidation mechanism and a modern scientific technology, and is very common in construction sites.

The physical model test is a kind of physical test, which can apply a corresponding proportional load on a test structure (or component) similar to a prototype, which is made of similar materials and in a proper proportion, so that the prototype structure actually works after the model is stressed. Therefore, the method has the advantages that relevant data can be acquired, design defects can be checked, the rationality of the construction method can be evaluated and the like through corresponding tests on the scale-down or equal-ratio model.

When the in-hole deep dynamic compaction method is used for construction on site, the construction method is sometimes influenced by various factors, and some parameters of the construction method need to be taken in advance or the effect of the construction method needs to be reasonably evaluated, so that the method is particularly important to be smoothly integrated into a physical model test for analysis by means of the physical model test. For dynamic compaction in holes in a physical model test, the conventional common method is as follows: an operator stands at a high position, pulls the cone hammer line of the model to a certain height and then loosens the thin line completely, so that the cone hammer is ensured to vertically fall into the hole through the guide pipe under the condition of free fall to complete dynamic compaction. However, the disadvantages of the prior art are that not only is the operation of an operator at a high place increased in danger and inconvenience, but also the requirements that the conduit is completely vertical all the time, the thin line does not touch the wall when the conical hammer falls down and the like cannot be guaranteed, so that the falling distance of the small hammer or the tamping amount is controlled inaccurately.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a hole dynamic compaction device in a physical model test and a construction method thereof, and solves the problems that in the current dynamic compaction method, an operator needs to stand at a high position to adjust a model cone hammer line, so that the danger hidden danger exists, and a guide pipe for the test is difficult to ensure to be vertical all the time, so that the test data is inaccurate.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an in-hole dynamic compaction device in a physical model test comprises a model box with an opening at the top, support plates are arranged at two opposite sides of the model box, a support beam is detachably connected onto each support plate, a pulley frame is mounted on each support beam and positioned in the area of the opening at the top of the model box, a fixed pulley is connected onto each pulley frame, and a lead is hung on the outer diameter of each fixed pulley;

the supporting plate is also connected with a conduit fixing frame, the conduit fixing frame is detachably connected with a first conduit or a second conduit with openings at two ends, the first conduit and the second conduit are positioned between the supporting beam and the model box, a tamping device is arranged in an inner cavity of the first conduit, a hole digging device is arranged in an inner cavity of the second conduit, and the tamping device and the hole digging device can move in the inner cavities of the first conduit and the second conduit along the length direction respectively;

during the tamping stage, one end of the lead wire is led to the ground, and the other end of the lead wire extends into the inner cavity of the first guide pipe to be connected with the tamping device.

Furthermore, the support plate comprises an inverted T-shaped plate and a gravity bottom plate, the bottom end of the gravity bottom plate is in contact with the ground, and the top end of the gravity bottom plate is detachably connected with the inverted T-shaped plate;

the inverted T-shaped plate is provided with a strip hole, the length extending direction of the strip hole faces the gravity bottom plate, the two ends of the supporting beam penetrate into the strip hole through bolts, and the supporting beam is locked on the inverted T-shaped plate through the bolts.

Furthermore, the catheter fixing frame comprises a straight rod and a semicircular hoop pipe clamp, one end of the straight rod is connected with the supporting plate, the other end of the straight rod is connected with the semicircular hoop pipe clamp, the opening surfaces of the two semicircular hoop pipe clamps are in butt joint with each other to wrap the first catheter or the second catheter, and the two semicircular hoop pipe clamps are connected through an adjustable bolt.

Further, first pipe is the organic glass pipe, the ramming device is the model hammer, the outer wall of organic glass pipe has the scale along length direction mark, be equipped with the model hammer in the inner chamber of organic glass pipe, the model hammer includes integrated into one piece's cylinder and warhead, the one end at the cylinder is connected to the warhead, the other end and the pin connection of cylinder.

Further, the bottom opening integration of organic glass pipe has the guiding tube, the guiding tube is both ends open-ended round platform type structure, and the top of round platform type structure guiding tube is the circular surface of minimum diameter, and the bottom of round platform type structure guiding tube is the circular surface of maximum diameter, the top of round platform type structure guiding tube and the bottom opening connection of organic glass pipe.

Further, the second conduit is an outer sleeve, the hole digging device comprises a main rotating shaft, the main rotating shaft is rotatably connected with an inner cavity of the outer sleeve, a hard alloy cutter head is integrally formed at one end of the main rotating shaft, and the hard alloy cutter head faces the bottom of the model box;

and a level bubble device is arranged on the outer wall of the outer sleeve.

Furthermore, the outer diameter of the main rotating shaft is integrated with a helical blade, the central shaft of the helical blade is coaxial with the central shaft of the main rotating shaft, a threaded structure is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve, and the threaded structure in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve is used for being matched with the helical blade.

Further, the open-top integrated into one piece of outer sleeve has flourishing native ware, flourishing native ware is radius platform structure, and the minimum diameter circular face of the flourishing native ware of radius platform structure is connected on the side outer wall of outer sleeve, and the maximum diameter circular face of the flourishing native ware of radius platform structure is towards the open-top direction of outer sleeve.

Furthermore, the other end of the main rotating shaft is connected with a hand-cranking handle, and the length direction of the hand-cranking handle is vertical to that of the main rotating shaft;

the outer wall of the outer sleeve is hinged with a telescopic tripod, and the telescopic tripod is attached to the outer wall of the outer sleeve in a storage state.

The invention also provides a construction method of the in-hole dynamic compaction device in the physical model test, which comprises the following steps:

in the hole digging stage, connecting a second guide pipe on the guide pipe fixing frame, rotating the hole digging device to enable the hole digging device to be screwed into the model soil body in the model box to dig holes in the model soil body, extending the hole digging device out of the inner cavity of the model soil body after the hole digging depth reaches the specification, moving the hole digging device to enable the hole digging device to be aligned to the next preset hole to dig holes, and removing the second guide pipe after all the preset holes are dug;

when the tamping device is moved, the tamping device is aligned to the next hole site to be tamped and is subjected to dynamic compaction in the hole.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a dynamic compaction device in a hole in a physical model test, which is characterized in that support plates are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of a model box, a support beam is arranged between the two support plates, a pulley frame is arranged on the support beam, a fixed pulley is arranged on the pulley frame, a lead is wound on the fixed pulley, the vertical type of the lead can be changed into a bending point type through the fixed pulley, one end of the lead can be led to the ground, the other end of the lead is led into a first conduit to be connected with a compaction device, an operator can directly pull one end of the lead on the ground to control the lead to pull the compaction device to fall or pull up so as to complete the dynamic compaction operation in the hole, and the inconvenience and danger that the operator needs to operate at a high place when the compaction falling distance is higher in the prior art are solved. When the novel lead winder is adopted, the fixed pulley device is adopted, so that the lead can be wound to the height convenient for an operator to operate, and the test operation is greatly facilitated. Meanwhile, the operator can observe the small hammer more accurately in the falling distance and the subsequent ramming amount control, the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe can be stably fixed by the guide pipe fixing device, and the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are always kept vertical and are not interfered by human factors. In addition, the hole forming aspect of the model soil body in the model test is improved little, however, the first premise for realizing the dynamic compaction in the hole is smooth hole forming, so the hole digging device matched with the hole digging device can realize the hole forming operation on the model soil body before the dynamic compaction in the hole, the device has complete related range, meets various test requirements, and has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience, so the test efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the tamping and hole digging device has wider application range, is not only suitable for general physical model tests, but also suitable for other model tests such as centrifugal model tests, large-scale physical models and the like.

Furthermore, the stability of the whole device can be guaranteed due to the design of the gravity bottom plate and the inverted T-shaped plate, the authenticity of test data is ensured, and the height position of the supporting beam can be adjusted due to the strip holes formed in the inverted T-shaped plate.

Further, two semicircle staple bolt pipe strap settings of pipe mount can be fixed the first pipe or the second pipe of multiple diameter, satisfy multiple experimental requirement.

Further, first pipe is the organic glass pipe, and convenient transparent can look over the position of model hammer in real time, and the scale that is carved with on the outer wall of organic glass pipe moreover can make things convenient for the distance that falls of control model hammer and the rammer settlement volume that corresponds.

Furthermore, the guide tube that the bottom of first pipe set up is round platform structure, can play the guide effect, prevents effectively that the card from following department under the pipe when the ram lifts.

Further, the main rotating shaft connected with the inner cavity of the second conduit in a rotating mode can rotate through the main rotating shaft to perform hole digging operation, hole digging operation before dynamic compaction operation in a hole is met, hole digging operation and hole dynamic compaction operation of a physical model test can be completed only by one operator, manpower and time are saved, the working efficiency of the whole test is improved, and meanwhile, the outer wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a bubble device to enable the drilled and dug hole to be vertical, and the specified value of vertical deviation is met.

Furthermore, the helical blade on the main rotating shaft facilitates hole digging operation of the main rotating shaft, the helical blade is screwed into the model soil body and carries the residue soil of the model soil body to be discharged out of the outer sleeve conveniently and quickly, residue soil is discharged very smoothly, and therefore the whole tunneling efficiency is high.

Furthermore, the opening in the top of the outer sleeve is integrally formed with a soil container, the soil container can collect the residue soil carried out by the rotating blades, and the whole second guide pipe can be detached to discharge the residue or the residue soil can be directly swept out to another container for storing the residue soil along the inner wall after the soil container is filled with the soil, so that the test convenience is improved to a great extent.

Furthermore, the hand-operated handle that the other end of main rotating shaft is connected has increased arm of force length in other words, so its rotation is more laborsaving, and the design of scalable tripod makes whole hole digging device stability better at the tunnelling in-process moreover.

The construction method of the in-hole dynamic compaction device in the physical model test solves the inconvenience and danger that an operator needs to be operated at a high position when the tamping falling distance is high in the prior art. When the novel lead winder is adopted, the fixed pulley device is adopted, so that the lead can be wound to the height convenient for an operator to operate, and the test operation is greatly facilitated. Meanwhile, an operator can observe the scale of the conduit conveniently, so that the drop distance of the small hammer and the subsequent tamping and sinking amount are controlled more accurately, and the lead wire passes around the fixed pulley and falls into the first conduit, so that the lead wire is inevitably vertical to pass through the center of the first conduit and cannot touch the wall. Thus the relative error in the test is significantly reduced, making the data more realistic. The construction method can meet hole digging operation before dynamic compaction in the hole, and can complete hole digging operation and dynamic compaction work in the hole of the physical model test by only one operator, so that manpower and time are saved, and the working efficiency of the whole test is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention with a ramming device installed;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection structure of two semicircular hoop pipe clamps;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention with a hole digging device installed;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the second conduit and the hole digging device;

FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of the structure of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 7;

in the drawings: 1-gravity bottom plate, 2-inverted T-shaped plate, 3-supporting beam, 4-pulley yoke, 5-fixed pulley, 6-organic glass conduit, 7-model hammer, 8-conduit fixing frame, 9-adjustable bolt, 10-model box, 11-model soil body, 12-lead wire, 13-hand handle, 14-main rotating shaft, 15-helical blade, 16-hard alloy cutter head, 17-outer sleeve, 18-soil container, 19-telescopic tripod and 20-level bubble device.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

As shown in figures 1-5, the invention provides a dynamic compaction device in a hole in a physical model test, which solves the inconvenience and danger that an operator must operate at a high place when the tamping falling distance is high in the prior art. When the invention is adopted, the fixed pulley device is adopted, so that the lead 12 can be wound to the height convenient for an operator to operate, and the test operation is greatly facilitated. Meanwhile, the scale of the conduit can be observed by an operator, so that the falling distance of the small hammer and the subsequent ramming amount can be controlled more accurately. Meanwhile, the requirements that the guide pipe is completely vertical all the time, a thin line does not touch the wall when the cone hammer falls down and the like are met. The catheter fixing frame device is designed, so that the catheter can be stably fixed on the inverted T-shaped plate and always kept vertical without interference of human factors. In addition, since the hammer wire is dropped into the guide tube around the fixed pulley 5, the wire 12 thereof must pass vertically through the center of the guide tube without hitting the wall. Thus the relative error in the test is significantly reduced, making the data more realistic.

In the embodiment, the model box comprises a model box 10 with an opening at the top, support plates are arranged on two opposite sides of the model box 10, a support beam 3 is detachably connected to each support plate, a pulley frame 4 is installed on each support beam 3, each pulley frame 4 is located in the area of the opening at the top of the model box 10, a fixed pulley 5 is connected to each pulley frame 4, and a lead 12 is hung on the outer diameter of each fixed pulley 5;

the supporting plate is further connected with a conduit fixing frame 8, the conduit fixing frame 8 is detachably connected with a first conduit or a second conduit with openings at two ends, the first conduit and the second conduit are positioned between the supporting beam 3 and the model box 10, a tamping device is arranged in an inner cavity of the first conduit, a hole digging device is arranged in an inner cavity of the second conduit, and the tamping device and the hole digging device can move in the inner cavities of the first conduit and the second conduit along the length direction respectively;

during the tamping stage, one end of the lead wire 12 is brought to the ground, and the other end of the lead wire 12 extends into the lumen of the first catheter and is connected to the tamping device.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a model box 10, a gravity bottom plate 1, an inverted T-shaped plate 2, a supporting beam 3, a pulley yoke 4, a fixed pulley 5, an organic glass conduit 6, a model hammer 7, a conduit fixing frame 8, an adjustable bolt 9, a lead wire 12, a hand-operated handle 13, a main rotating shaft 14, a helical blade 15, a hard alloy cutter head 16, an outer sleeve 17, a soil container 18, a telescopic tripod 19 and a level bubble device 20. Wherein, a model soil body 11 to be tested is arranged in the model box 10; the gravity bottom plate 1 is positioned at the lowest end of the device, inverted T-shaped plates 2 are installed on the gravity bottom plate 1 through bolts, a support beam 3 is connected between the inverted T-shaped plates 2 through bolts, a pulley frame 4 is welded on the support beam 3, a fixed pulley 5 is installed on the pulley frame 4, a lead 12 is wound on the fixed pulley 5, the lead 12 is connected with a model hammer 7, the model hammer 7 freely falls into an organic glass conduit 6, the organic glass conduit 6 is fixed by a conduit fixing frame 8, and the conduit fixing frame 8 is fixed on the inverted T-shaped plates 2; the invention also provides a hole digging device of the in-hole dynamic compaction device in the physical model test, which is shown in the figures 6-10 and comprises the following components: the device comprises a hand-operated handle 13, a main rotating shaft 14, a helical blade 15, a hard alloy cutter head 16, an outer sleeve 17, a soil container 18, a telescopic tripod 19 and a level bubble device 20. A telescopic tripod 19 is arranged on the model soil body 11, the telescopic tripod 19 is fixed on an outer sleeve 17 through a rotatable device, and a soil container 18 is fixed at the upper end of the outer sleeve 17 and is fixed by a catheter fixing frame 8; the whole main rotating shaft 14 vertically penetrates through the outer sleeve 17, the uppermost end of the main rotating shaft 14 is connected with a hand-cranking handle 13, spiral blades 15 are welded from the middle upper part to the lower part, and the lowermost part is connected with a hard alloy cutter head 16; a vial device 20 is secured to the exterior of the outer sleeve 17.

Specifically, the gravity bottom plate 1 has 2, is solid metal material, and its gravity is great makes to be fixed in it and has the inverted T shaped plate 2 of take the altitude more stable.

The inverted T-shaped plates 2 are 2 in number and 1.5m in height, the symmetrical arrangement of the inverted T-shaped plates is a key main body for building the whole device, and in the embodiment, 4 bolt holes are uniformly distributed on two sides of the lowermost end of each inverted T-shaped plate 2, so that the inverted T-shaped plates are fixed on the gravity bottom plate 1.

Two sides of a supporting beam 3 are respectively fixed on the supporting plate by 2 bolts, in the embodiment, two sides of the supporting beam 3 are respectively fixed on the inverted T-shaped plate 2 by 2 adjustable bolts 9, the two adjustable bolts 9 respectively extend into the strip-shaped holes of the inverted T-shaped plate 2, the length extending direction of the strip-shaped holes faces to the direction of the gravity bottom plate 1, the activity of the strip-shaped holes is within a certain range, and the pulley frame 4 is welded in the middle of the supporting beam 3.

The fixed pulley 5 is arranged on the pulley frame 4, and the fixed pulley 5 is a gradually-changed pulley with two wide sides and a narrow middle part, so that the lead 12 is positioned in the middle in the traction process and does not deviate.

The first guide pipe is an organic glass guide pipe 6, the organic glass guide pipe 6 has the characteristics of transparency, smooth inner wall and high overall strength, scales are marked on the outer wall of the organic glass guide pipe 6 and are used for controlling the falling distance of the molding hammer 7 and the corresponding ramming amount, the length of the organic glass guide pipe 6 can be 0.6-1.3m, the diameter can be 4-6cm, and the organic glass guide pipe is suitable for the device within the range. In addition, the lowest end of the model hammer 7 is connected with a round table type guide pipe which is thin at the top and thick at the bottom, so that the model hammer 7 can be effectively prevented from being clamped at the lower edge of the organic glass guide pipe 6 when lifted up.

The ramming device is a model hammer 7, the body of the model hammer 7 is of a cylindrical structure, the head of the model hammer 7 is of a bullet-shaped structure, the diameter of the model hammer is controlled within the diameter range of the organic glass conduit 6, and the specific hammer diameter and the hammer height depend on the simulated ramming energy. The standard of stopping tamping is based on the average tamping amount of the last two strokes of each layer, and can be judged by the scale rapid reading of the organic glass conduit 6.

The catheter fixing frame 8 is provided with 2 sets, and each set is composed of galvanized double-semicircle hoop pipe clamps connected with straight rods welded on the inverted T-shaped plate 2. The galvanized double-semicircle hoop pipe clamp is fixedly connected by an adjustable bolt 9, and has certain range of mobility, so that the diameter of the organic glass conduit 6 can be changed within a certain range. In addition, it may also be used to secure the outer sleeve of the hole-excavating device, making the hole-excavating device more stable in operation, while keeping the first or second conduit always vertical.

The model box 10 is made of special steel plates by welding, one side of the model box is a transparent acrylic plate and marked with grid lines, so that the filling height is conveniently controlled when a model soil body 11 is constructed, and the filling in the box is generally backfilled in a layered mode.

The model soil 11 is constructed by utilizing similar constants and similar scale relations according to the field form to be researched, the corresponding punching positions and the corresponding punching quantities are determined according to requirements, and corresponding marks are made.

The hand crank handle 13 is positioned at the uppermost side of the main rotating shaft 14, and the rotation is more labor-saving due to the fact that the arm of force is increased in length.

The helical blade 15 is located the middle upper portion to the lower part of main pivot 14, and it is stainless steel, and the blade is whole to be "concave" shape, and in this embodiment, helical blade 15 and main pivot 14 integrated into one piece, the center axis of helical blade 15 and the center axis of main pivot 14 are coaxial, are convenient for convolute the sediment that will dig in and out like this and transport.

The carbide tip 16 is located at the lowest part of the main shaft 14, is made of hard alloy, and has high strength. The drilling tool is formed by rotating 4 triangular pyramidal blades, so that the drilling tool is ensured to have strong drilling capability in most soil layers.

The second conduit is an outer sleeve 17, the outer sleeve 17 is located outside the helical blade 15 and is made of metal, and the inner wall of the outer sleeve is in a threaded structure, so that the outer sleeve 17 can be matched with the helical blade 15. The outer diameter of the pipe is consistent with that of the organic glass pipe 6, so that the upper part of the pipe can be fixed through the pipe fixing frame 8, and meanwhile, the slag soil generated in the tunneling process can be smoothly discharged upwards along the spiral blade 15 through the spiral blade 15.

The soil container 18 is welded on the upper part of the outer sleeve 17 in a surrounding way, is of a round table structure with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, and mainly has the functions of storing the residue soil discharged by the helical blades 15, and the residue soil can be removed from the whole device together after the soil container 18 is filled with the residue soil for deslagging; in addition, because the soil container is in a round table shape (the inner wall is smooth and has a radian), the muck can be directly swept out to another container for storing the muck along the inner wall, and the convenience of the test is greatly improved.

A telescopic tripod 19 is located in the lower middle portion of the outer sleeve 17 and is provided with means for controlling the legs of the telescopic frame, specifically by means of fastening screws to effect the telescoping of the legs and ensure that the tripod can be stably supported on the model soil 11. Furthermore, the device whose base is rotatable is designed to be rotated by a shaft hinged to the second pipe, so that when the boring device is not in use, the legs of the tripod can be rotated to fold them back into parallel abutment against the outer sleeve 17.

The level bubble device 20 is located in the middle of the outer sleeve 17 and serves to ensure that the entire hole digging device is in a vertical state, so that the hole dug is more in line with practical requirements and avoids excessive vertical deviation.

and (5) early preparation work. Scaling the actual engineering by using the corresponding scale relations (including a geometric scale, a time scale, a filler particle size scale and the like) of the similarity constant and the similarity theory, constructing a model soil body 11 by using the data obtained by calculation, and embedding various test elements in the model soil body 11 in advance. And then the arrangement and the hole depth of tamping points, the number of holes, the size of tamping energy and the like are determined by corresponding standard standards and design drawings. And finally, selecting proper hammer diameter, drop distance and ramming filler for preparation of testing.

And installing a hole digging device and digging a hole. Firstly, 2 gravity bottom plates 1 are arranged at two sides of a model box 10 (preferably arranged at two sides of a long edge), secondly, 2 inverted T-shaped plates 2 are respectively fixed on the 2 gravity bottom plates 1 by utilizing adjustable bolts 9, and then, a hole digging device is reasonably installed according to the height of a model soil body 11 and the position of expected punching. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the outer sleeve 17 is fixed by means of the adjustable bolts 9 via the pipe holder 8, and subsequently the telescopic tripod 19 is adjusted by means of the sight bubble device 20, so that the telescopic tripod 19 is supported stably and horizontally on the model soil 11. Finally, the main rotating shaft 14 and the hard alloy cutter head 16 at the lowest end of the main rotating shaft are driven to excavate the tunneling soil body by rotating the hand crank handle 13. Meanwhile, the spiral blades 15 welded on the main rotating shaft 14 discharge the excavated dregs upwards, and the dregs reach the top end and are manually cleaned to the soil container 18. And when the excavation is carried out to the specified depth, stopping tunneling, moving the whole device to the next preset hole site for repeated tunneling, and dismantling the hole digging device after all the preset hole sites are completely excavated.

Installing a tamping device. Firstly, arranging 2 gravity bottom plates 1 at two sides of a model box 10 (preferably at two sides of a long edge), secondly, fixing 2 inverted T-shaped plates 2 on the 2 gravity bottom plates 1 by using adjustable bolts respectively, fixing a supporting beam 3 (on which a fixed pulley 5 is installed) on the inverted T-shaped plates 2 by using adjustable bolts 9, then adjusting the height and the position of an organic glass conduit 6 by using the height and the hole position of a model soil body 11, then fixing the organic glass conduit 6 by using the adjustable bolts 9 through a conduit fixing frame 8, finally, placing a model hammer 7 with a lead wire 12 into the organic glass conduit 6, and winding the lead wire 12 to the front of an operator through the fixed pulley 5 to complete the installation step of the in-hole dynamic compaction device (compaction part).

And performing dynamic compaction test in the hole. The operator can pull up and drop the model hammer 7 through the lead wire 12, and the lead wire is firstly zoomed for several times to check whether the model hammer 7 and the organic glass guide tube 6 and whether the lead wire 12 and the organic glass guide tube 6 have the phenomenon of wall-touching friction. After all tests are finished, the model hammer 7 is pulled to a set drop distance (the height is marked on the outer wall of the guide pipe) through the lead wire 12, then the lead wire 12 is loosened to enable the model hammer to freely fall, and then the dynamic compaction test in one hole is completed through repeated operation. Because the whole device can be moved, the whole device is moved so that the plexiglass guide tubes 6 correspond to other hole sites one by one, and then the tamping of all the set hole sites can be completed. And aiming at the setting of the tamping times of each hole site, a mode similar to the field construction is adopted, namely: and the standard of stopping ramming is based on the average ramming amount of the last two times of each layer, and the ramming is stopped when the difference value meets the specified range. The determination of the amount of tamping can be carried out by marking the leadwire 12 in the plexiglas guide tube 6, and the amount of tamping can be read off directly after tamping has been carried out by comparison with the graduation on the plexiglas guide tube 6.

And drawing a corresponding conclusion. For a common physical model test, a conclusion can be drawn by integrating and analyzing data obtained by various test elements pre-embedded in a model soil body 11. For the centrifugal model test, the whole model box 10 can be placed in a centrifuge to simulate a corresponding gravity field by using a centrifugal force field, and finally, the obtained data is analyzed to obtain a conclusion.

Compared with the traditional dynamic compaction device in the physical model test hole, the dynamic compaction device has the advantages that: the difficulty that errors are easily generated in the previous test is overcome, and the test accuracy is obviously improved. Meanwhile, the device has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience, so that the test efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the tamping and hole digging device disclosed by the invention is wide in application range, not only suitable for general physical model tests, but also suitable for other model tests such as centrifugal model tests, large-scale physical model tests and the like.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The in-hole dynamic compaction device in the physical model test is characterized by comprising a model box (10) with an opening at the top, wherein supporting plates are arranged on two opposite sides of the model box (10), a supporting beam (3) is detachably connected onto the supporting plates, a pulley frame (4) is installed on the supporting beam (3), the pulley frame (4) is positioned in the area of the opening at the top of the model box (10), a fixed pulley (5) is connected onto the pulley frame (4), and a lead (12) is hung on the outer diameter of the fixed pulley (5);

the supporting plate is also connected with a conduit fixing frame (8), the conduit fixing frame (8) is detachably connected with a first conduit or a second conduit with openings at two ends, the first conduit and the second conduit are positioned between the supporting beam (3) and the model box (10), a tamping device is arranged in the inner cavity of the first conduit, a hole digging device is arranged in the inner cavity of the second conduit, and the tamping device and the hole digging device can move in the inner cavities of the first conduit and the second conduit along the length direction respectively;

during the tamping stage, one end of the lead wire (12) is led to the ground, and the other end of the lead wire (12) extends into the inner cavity of the first catheter and is connected with the tamping device.

2. The in-hole dynamic compaction device in a physical model test is characterized in that the support plate comprises an inverted T-shaped plate (2) and a gravity bottom plate (1), the bottom end of the gravity bottom plate (1) is in contact with the ground, and the top end of the gravity bottom plate (1) is detachably connected with the inverted T-shaped plate (2);

be equipped with the rectangular hole on falling T shaped plate (2), the length extending direction in rectangular hole is towards gravity bottom plate (1), the both ends of supporting beam (3) all penetrate the rectangular hole through the bolt, supporting beam (3) pass through bolt locking on falling T shaped plate (2).

3. The in-hole dynamic compaction device for the physical model test is characterized in that the guide pipe fixing frame (8) comprises a straight rod and a semicircular hoop pipe clamp, one end of the straight rod is connected with the support plate, the other end of the straight rod is connected with the semicircular hoop pipe clamp, the opening surfaces of the two semicircular hoop pipe clamps are in butt joint to wrap the first guide pipe or the second guide pipe, and the two semicircular hoop pipe clamps are connected through an adjustable bolt (9).

4. The in-hole dynamic compaction device in the physical model test is characterized in that the first guide pipe is an organic glass guide pipe (6), the compaction device is a model hammer (7), the outer wall of the organic glass guide pipe (6) is marked with scales along the length direction, the model hammer (7) is arranged in the inner cavity of the organic glass guide pipe (6), the model hammer (7) comprises an integrally formed cylinder and a bullet, the bullet is connected to one end of the cylinder, and the other end of the cylinder is connected with a lead (12).

5. The in-hole dynamic compaction device in the physical model test is characterized in that a guide pipe is integrated with the bottom opening of the organic glass guide pipe (6), the guide pipe is of a truncated cone structure with two open ends, the top of the truncated cone structure guide pipe is a circular surface with the smallest diameter, the bottom of the truncated cone structure guide pipe is a circular surface with the largest diameter, and the top of the truncated cone structure guide pipe is connected with the bottom opening of the organic glass guide pipe (6).

6. The in-hole dynamic compaction device for physical model test according to claim 1, wherein the second conduit is an outer sleeve (17), the hole digging device comprises a main rotating shaft (14), the main rotating shaft (14) is rotatably connected with an inner cavity of the outer sleeve (17), one end of the main rotating shaft (14) is integrally formed with a carbide tool bit (16), and the carbide tool bit (16) faces to the bottom of the model box (10);

and a level bubble device (20) is arranged on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (17).

7. The dynamic compaction device in holes in physical model tests is characterized in that the outer diameter of the main rotating shaft (14) is integrated with a helical blade (15), the central axis of the helical blade (15) is coaxial with the central axis of the main rotating shaft (14), a threaded structure is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve (17), and the threaded structure in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve (17) is used for matching with the helical blade (15).

8. The in-hole dynamic compaction device for the physical model test is characterized in that the top opening of the outer sleeve (17) is integrally formed with the soil container (18), the soil container (18) is of an inverted frustum structure, the smallest-diameter circular surface of the inverted frustum structure soil container is connected to the outer side wall of the outer sleeve (17), and the largest-diameter circular surface of the inverted frustum structure soil container faces the direction of the top opening of the outer sleeve (17).

9. The in-hole dynamic compaction device in the physical model test is characterized in that a hand-operated handle (13) is connected to the other end of the main rotating shaft (14), and the length direction of the hand-operated handle (13) is perpendicular to the length direction of the main rotating shaft (14);

the outer wall of the outer sleeve (17) is hinged with a telescopic tripod (19), and the telescopic tripod (19) is attached to the outer wall of the outer sleeve (1) in a storage state.

10. The construction method of the in-hole dynamic compaction device in the physical model test according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:

in the hole digging stage, a second guide pipe is connected to the guide pipe fixing frame (8), the hole digging device is rotated to be screwed into a model soil body (11) in the model box (10) to dig holes in the model soil body (11), the hole digging device extends out of an inner cavity of the model soil body (11) after the hole digging depth reaches the specification, the hole digging device is moved to be aligned to the next preset hole to dig holes, and the second guide pipe is removed after all the preset holes are dug;

when in a tamping stage, a first guide pipe is connected to the guide pipe fixing frame (8), one end of a lead (12) is led to an operation position, the other end of the lead (12) is connected to the tamping device around the fixed pulley (5), the tamping device is aligned to a hole position to be tamped, the tamping device is pulled to a set falling distance through the lead (12), the tamping device is guided to fall or pulled up through the lead (12) to complete strong tamping in a hole, and the tamping device is moved to be aligned to the next hole position to be tamped and to be strongly tamped in the hole.