CN113430722A - Non-woven fabric convenient for direct forming processing and production method and application thereof - Google Patents
Non-woven fabric convenient for direct forming processing and production method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113430722A CN113430722A CN202110912501.7A CN202110912501A CN113430722A CN 113430722 A CN113430722 A CN 113430722A CN 202110912501 A CN202110912501 A CN 202110912501A CN 113430722 A CN113430722 A CN 113430722A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H3/011—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/018—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the shape
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
- D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-woven fabric convenient for direct forming and processing, a production method and application thereof. The non-woven fabric is formed by interweaving at least one composite filament and at least one single structural filament; the composite filament has two bicomponent sheath-core structures or bonding structures with different melting points and different melting points with the difference of more than 20 ℃, and the melting point of the high-melting-point part is the same as or similar to that of the single-structure filament. The invention adopts a one-step production process from slicing raw materials to non-woven fabrics, and has short flow, low cost and easy operation and control; the obtained non-woven fabric can be directly processed into a material, a plate or a sheet by mould pressing or hot pressing, one part of the formed product is a resolidification structure after the low-melting-point component is melted, and the other part of the formed product is a fiber structure formed by high-melting-point filaments, so that the non-woven fabric has excellent comprehensive performance, can be used as a substitute of various existing plastic products or sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing materials, and has wide application prospect in various industries such as automobiles, electrical appliances, buildings, decoration, offices or households.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to production and processing of non-woven fabrics and subsequent application thereof, in particular to a non-woven fabric convenient for direct forming and processing, a production method and application of non-woven fabric products, and belongs to the technical field of non-woven fabric production.
Background
A nonwoven fabric, also called a nonwoven fabric, is a fabric formed without spinning a woven fabric. In the production process of non-woven fabric, the short fiber or filament is oriented or randomly arranged, and then various web forming methods such as mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical and consolidation techniques are adopted to form the fiber product with soft, air-permeable and plane structure.
Nonwoven fabrics have long been used in a wide variety of applications, such as: medical sanitary cloth, operating gowns, protective clothing, sterilization wrap, masks, diapers, sanitary napkins and the like; home decoration cloth, wall cloth, table cloth, bed sheet, bedspread, etc.; clothing cloth, lining, adhesive lining, flocculus, shaped cotton, various synthetic leather base fabrics and the like; industrial cloth, filter materials, insulating materials, cement packaging bags, geotextiles, wrapping cloth and the like; agricultural cloth, crop protection cloth, seedling raising cloth, irrigation cloth, heat preservation curtain and the like; the packaging industry, composite cement bags, bag lining cloth, packaging base lining, quilt wadding, storage bags, movable jacquard bag cloth and the like; in the automotive industry, anti-vibration felt, ceiling, cushion lining, carpet, door lining, automotive filter element, etc.; and reinforcing, filtering, draining and roofing materials for construction works, embankment, water slope, sound insulation, heat protection and separation materials for railways, highways and harbors, etc.
With the continuous development of the non-woven fabric production technology, people develop various non-woven fabrics with new characteristics and high performance, so that the subsequent application of non-woven fabric products is further expanded. Among them, replacing glass fiber reinforced plastics and gradually replacing various injection molding parts has become an important direction for the development of non-woven fabric technology. How can a nonwoven fabric have good formation processability on the basis of maintaining the inherent characteristics of the nonwoven fabric in the development direction? Is an important technical problem which must be solved. To the best of the applicant's knowledge, there are two problems with the prior art: firstly, in order to meet the requirement of forming processing, other ingredients or auxiliary materials are often needed, so that the forming process is complicated, the processing cost is increased, and the performance of the non-woven fabric cannot be fully exerted; and secondly, the composite fiber is directly adopted to produce the non-woven fabric, so that the performance of the non-woven fabric is reduced, the mechanical performance and other aspects of a subsequent formed product are influenced, and the application range of the non-woven fabric is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a non-woven fabric which is convenient to directly form and process, and a production method and application of the non-woven fabric. The method aims to produce the non-woven fabric which can be directly formed and processed and has good performance by adjusting and optimizing non-woven fabric production raw materials, key equipment and a production process, and ensure that the formed product meets or even exceeds the use requirements in multiple industries and fields.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a non-woven fabrics convenient to direct forming processing which characterized in that: the nonwoven fabric comprises at least one composite filament and at least one single structural filament; the composite filament has a bicomponent sheath-core cladding structure, the melting point of the sheath component is at least 20 ℃ lower than that of the core layer, and the melting point of the core layer component is the same as or similar to that of the single structural filament, or the composite filament has a bicomponent laminated structure, wherein the melting point of one component is at least 20 ℃ lower than that of the other component, and the melting point of the high-melting-point component is the same as or similar to that of the single structural filament.
Preferably, the nonwoven fabric facilitating direct molding processing described above, wherein: the non-woven fabric is formed by mixing a composite filament and a single-structure filament, wherein the composite filament accounts for 10-50% of the total weight of the filament; in the composite filament, the low-melting-point component accounts for 10-90% of the total weight of the composite filament; the composite filaments and the single structural filaments have a linear density of 2 to 9dtex and an elongation at break of 20 to 100%; the gram weight of the non-woven fabric product is 15-2000 g/m2And the shrinkage rate under the test conditions of 200 ℃ and 10 minutes is less than or equal to 60 percent.
More preferably, the nonwoven fabric facilitating direct molding processing described above, wherein: the single structural filament is PET with a melting point of about 265 ℃; the composite filament is of a sheath-core coating structure, the sheath component is CoPET, PBT or PA6 with the melting point of less than or equal to 240 ℃, the core component is PET with the melting point of about 265 ℃, or the composite filament is of a bi-component bonding structure, the low-melting component is CoPET, PBT or PA6 with the melting point of less than or equal to 240 ℃, and the high-melting component is PET with the melting point of about 265 ℃.
The invention also provides a method for producing non-woven fabric convenient for direct forming processing, which takes polymer slices as raw materials, the polymer slices are melted and extruded by a screw extruder, the melted high molecular materials are filtered and then enter a composite spinning box body, the filtered high molecular materials are accurately metered by a metering pump and then enter a spinning assembly, filaments are formed by drawing after spinning, then the filaments are lapped and consolidated, and then the filaments are wound into rolls to obtain a non-woven fabric product, and the method is characterized in that: the difference of melting points of at least two polymer slices is not less than 20 ℃, and at least two screw extruders are used; the spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate in the spinneret assembly have at least two forms, wherein one form is a composite filament spinneret orifice forming a sheath-core cladding structure or a joint structure, the other form is a single structure filament spinneret orifice, and various spinneret orifices are uniformly distributed on the same spinneret plate in a staggered mode.
Preferably, the method for producing the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: in the same spinneret plate, the number of spinneret orifices for forming the composite filaments accounts for 10-50% of the total number of the spinneret orifices; in the spinneret orifice, the amount of the low-melting-point material ejected in the same time is 10-90% of the total weight of the high-molecular-weight material ejected from the orifice.
More preferably, the method of producing the nonwoven fabric comprises: after the spinning assembly performs spinning, the formed filaments are consolidated through needling or thermal bonding after being lapped through airflow cooling drafting or hot roller drafting. In particular: the tows sprayed from the same spinneret plate enter a die with the pressure of more than 3kg/cm after being cooled by air blowing2An air flow drawing nozzle and a drawing pipeline powered by compressed air form a long fiber bundle with the linear density less than or equal to 9dtex after drawing; and (4) lapping, needling or thermally bonding and rolling the plurality of tows to prepare the non-woven fabric.
Furthermore, the production method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: the raw material for feeding the screw extruder can also contain color master batches, flame-retardant master batches or other various functional auxiliary additives.
The non-woven fabric obtained by the invention has new application, namely: the non-woven fabric is directly molded or hot-pressed into a section or a plate suitable for automobile internal and external decorative parts and shells of household appliances or electronic office supplies; or processed into a section bar or a plate for replacing plastic products or sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing materials for buildings, decorations, offices or households; or processed into a reinforcing sheet material for textile clothes, shoes and hats.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention can obtain a high-performance non-woven fabric product which can be directly used for subsequent forming processing. In the forming process, no additional ingredient or auxiliary material is needed, the low-melting-point component in the composite filament is melted, and the remaining filament structures are fully fused and bonded with each other and the single-structure filament. In the structure of the formed product, one part is a resolidification structure after the low-melting-point component is melted, and the other part is a fiber structure formed by high-melting-point filaments, wherein the former can ensure the product to be formed, and the latter can increase the strength and toughness of the formed product. Therefore, the non-woven fabric can be processed into various existing plastic products or substitutes of sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing materials, so that the non-woven fabric has wide application prospects in various industries such as automobiles, electric appliances, buildings, decoration, offices or households and the like.
The non-woven fabric product produced by the technical scheme of the invention comprises single-structure filaments and composite filaments of a bi-component sheath-core structure or a joint structure, wherein the composite filaments are the basis of subsequent forming processing, the former can ensure the mechanical property of a formed product and reduce the porosity of a formed finished product. The combination of the two can better play the inherent performance of the non-woven fabric, so that the molded product is optimal in various aspects of mechanical performance, temperature resistance, sound wave performance and the like, and has more excellent performance than the performance of the existing common plastic product or glass fiber reinforced plastic. The improvement of comprehensive performance enables the molded product to meet or even exceed the use requirements of the molded product in various fields and different occasions.
The invention adopts a one-step production process from the slicing raw material to the non-woven fabric product, and has the advantages of short flow, low cost and easy operation and control. The slices are taken as raw materials, and various modified components such as color master batches, flame-retardant master batches, functional additives and the like can be added at any time according to the requirements of users; the number and the form of the spinneret plate on the spinneret plate assembly can be changed and adjusted at any time according to requirements, the number, the form and the distribution of the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate can be designed and changed at any time according to slice raw materials and user requirements, and the drafting process after spinning can be freely selected among various modes such as airflow cooling drafting and hot roller drafting on the premise of ensuring the filament performance. The flexibility of the non-woven fabric production process is greatly enhanced, and a foundation is laid for energy conservation, consumption reduction, cost saving and efficiency improvement of the whole production line.
Since the nonwoven fabric of the present invention comprises the composite filaments and the single structural filaments, the subsequent molding process can be performed under a wide range of heating and pressing conditions, and has a good molding effect. When hot press molding is carried out, a mode of heating the non-woven fabric and then extruding the non-woven fabric by a normal-temperature die can be adopted, and a mode of heating and extruding the normal-temperature non-woven fabric by the die can also be adopted; after compression molding, the section bar of a specific product can be prepared, and a plate or a sheet with good performance can be obtained by hot pressing for various occasions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of filaments in a nonwoven fabric of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of filaments in the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of filaments in the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-composite filament, 2-single structural filament; a low melting component in the A-composite filaments, and a high melting component in the B-composite filaments.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to be more easily understood and appreciated. Wherein, the melting point mentioned in the present case refers to the DSC measurement value.
The invention provides a non-woven fabric convenient for direct forming processing, which comprises at least one composite filament and at least one single structural filament. The composite filament has a bicomponent sheath-core cladding structure, the melting point of the sheath component is at least 20 ℃ lower than that of the core layer, and the melting point of the core layer component is the same as or similar to that of the single-structure filament; alternatively, the composite filaments have a bicomponent conformable structure wherein one component has a melting point at least 20 ℃ lower than the other component and the higher melting component has a melting point that is the same or similar to the melting point of the single structural filaments.
Preferably, the nonwoven fabric comprises a composite filament and a single structural filament; of course, it is also possible to include two composite filaments and one single structural filament, or one composite filament and two single structural filaments, or two composite filaments and two single structural filaments, and so on. FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 illustrate typical cases involving a composite filament and a single structural filament; in the figure: 1 is a composite filament, 2 is a single structural filament, A is a low-melting component in the composite filament, and B is a high-melting component in the composite filament. In fig. 1, a composite filament 1 is a bicomponent sheath-core covered structure, and a high-melting-point component B in the composite filament is the same as that of a single-structure filament; in fig. 2, the composite filament 1 is a bicomponent laminated structure, the laminated part is a plane, and the high melting point component B in the composite filament is the same as that of the single structure filament; in fig. 3, the composite filament 1 is a bicomponent bonding structure, the bonding portion is an arc surface, the cross section of the low-melting point portion of the composite filament is crescent, and the high-melting point component B of the composite filament is different from the component of the single structural filament. Due to the influence of the shape of the spinneret orifice and the processing process of the non-woven fabric, the combination part of the two components in the composite filament is not necessarily regular as shown in the figure in the actual product, but the combination part does not influence the implementation and application of the technical scheme. In addition, because the number of the spinneret plates and the spinneret holes is large, and the step of interweaving and consolidating the nonwoven fabrics is needed after the web formation, the composite filaments and the single structural filaments can be uniformly mixed in the overall running direction.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, in the non-woven fabric formed by uniformly interweaving a composite filament and a single structural filament, the composite filament accounts for 10-50% of the total weight of the filament; furthermore, in the composite filamentThe low-melting component may account for 10 to 90% of the total weight of the composite filament. The processed composite filament and single structural filament have a linear density of 2-9 dtex, an elongation at break of 20-100%, and a basis weight of the obtained nonwoven fabric product of 15-2000 g/m2The shrinkage rate under the test conditions of 200 ℃ and 10 minutes is less than or equal to 60 percent, so that the non-woven fabric can be ensured to be directly used for subsequent forming processing.
Preferably, one specific scheme of the invention is as follows: the single structure filament adopts PET with the melting point of about 265 ℃; the composite filament adopts a sheath-core coating structure, the sheath component is CoPET, PBT or PA6 with the melting point less than or equal to 240 ℃, and the core component is PET with the melting point of about 265 ℃. The other specific scheme is as follows: the single structure filament adopts PET with the melting point of about 265 ℃; the composite filament is a bi-component bonding structure, the low-melting-point component is CoPET, PBT or PA6 with the melting point less than or equal to 240 ℃, and the high-melting-point component is PET with the melting point of about 265 ℃.
The non-woven fabric can be produced by adopting a one-step method, namely: the polymer slices are used as raw materials and are melted and extruded by a screw extruder, the melted high polymer materials are filtered and then enter a composite spinning box body, the high polymer materials are precisely metered by a metering pump and then enter a spinning assembly, filaments are formed by drawing after spinning, and then the filaments are lapped and consolidated and are wound into rolls to obtain the non-woven fabric product. Wherein: the difference of melting points of at least two polymer slices is not less than 20 ℃, and at least two screw extruders are used; the spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate in the spinneret assembly have at least two forms, wherein one form is a composite filament spinneret orifice forming a sheath-core cladding structure or a joint structure, the other form is a single structure filament spinneret orifice, and various spinneret orifices are uniformly distributed on the same spinneret plate in a staggered mode. When color master batches, flame-retardant master batches and various functional modification components need to be added, the master batches and the flame-retardant master batches can be mixed and fed into a screw extruder together with polymer chips.
In the production process of the one-step method, the spinneret plate is a key part. The spinneret plate adopted by the scheme is provided with 48-96 spinneret holes; in the same spinneret plate, the proportion of the number of the spinneret orifices forming the composite filaments to the total number of the spinneret orifices is 10-50%, namely 5-50 orifices, and the ejection amount of the low-melting-point material in the spinneret orifices accounts for 10-90% of the weight of the total high-molecular-weight material ejected from the orifices in the same time. Different spinneret orifices and different parts of the compound spinneret orifice correspond to different flow channels of the output melt of the screw extruder, and the compound spinneret orifice at least corresponds to two melt flow channels. After the spinning of the spinning pack, filaments can be formed by air flow cooling drafting or hot roller drafting and the like, the formed filaments are consolidated by needling or thermal bonding after lapping, and then are rolled to form the non-woven fabric.
When air flow cooling drafting is adopted, tows sprayed from the same spinneret plate enter the spinneret plate and enter the spinneret plate under the pressure of more than 3kg/cm after being cooled by air blowing2And an air flow drawing nozzle and a drawing pipeline powered by compressed air form a long fiber bundle with the linear density of less than or equal to 9dtex after drawing. After being laid, the tows are preferably consolidated in a needling mode, so that various filaments are fully interwoven in a three-dimensional mode.
The non-woven fabric produced by the invention can be directly molded by compression or hot-press molded and processed into a section or a plate suitable for automobile internal and external decorative parts and shells of household appliances or electronic office supplies; or processed into a section bar or a plate for replacing plastic products or sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing materials for buildings, decorations, offices or households; or processed into a reinforcing sheet material for textile clothes, shoes and hats. The bending modulus of the section or the plate is more than 300MPa, the bending strength is more than 5MPa, the tensile strength is more than 20MPa, the temperature resistance is more than or equal to 80 ℃, and the sound absorption rates under the conditions of 1000Hz, 3150Hz and 5000Hz are respectively more than 0.09, 0.41 and 0.63.
Specific applications of these profiles, plates or sheets may be: interior and exterior automotive parts such as car linings, instrument panels, air-conditioning ducts, seat bodies, bumpers, and the like, housings of household appliances or general office products such as dust collectors, air conditioners, computers, or printers, sound-absorbing or decorative sheets for buildings or decoration, case bodies and lining materials for various trays, suitcases, and the like, shoe pads and substitutes for other injection-molded articles, reinforcing sheets for textile clothing, shoes, and hats, and the like.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention can obtain a high-performance non-woven fabric product which can be directly used for subsequent forming processing. In the forming process, no additional ingredient or auxiliary material is needed, the low-melting-point component in the composite filament is melted, and the remaining filament structures are fully fused and bonded with each other and the single-structure filament; in the structure of the formed product, one part is a resolidification structure after the low-melting-point component is melted, and the other part is a fiber structure formed by high-melting-point filaments, wherein the former can ensure the product to be formed, and the latter can increase the strength and toughness of the formed product. Therefore, the non-woven fabric can be processed into substitutes of various existing plastic products and sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing materials, so that the non-woven fabric has wide application prospects in various industries such as automobiles, electric appliances, buildings, decoration, offices or households and the like.
The non-woven fabric product produced by the technical scheme of the invention comprises single-structure filaments and composite filaments of a bi-component sheath-core structure or a joint structure, wherein the composite filaments are the basis of subsequent forming processing, the former can ensure the mechanical property of a formed product and reduce the porosity of a formed finished product. The combination of the two can better play the inherent performance of the non-woven fabric, so that the molded product is optimal in various aspects of mechanical performance, temperature resistance, sound wave performance and the like, and has more excellent performance than the performance of the existing common plastic product or glass fiber reinforced plastic. The improvement of comprehensive performance enables the molded product to meet or even exceed the use requirements of the molded product in various fields and different occasions.
The invention adopts a one-step production process from the slicing raw material to the non-woven fabric product, and has the advantages of short flow, low cost and easy operation and control. The slices are taken as raw materials, and various modified components such as color master batches, flame-retardant master batches, functional additives and the like can be added at any time according to the requirements of users; the number and the form of the spinneret plate on the spinneret plate assembly can be changed and adjusted at any time according to requirements, the number, the form and the distribution of the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate can be designed and changed at any time according to slice raw materials and user requirements, and the drafting process after spinning can be freely selected among various modes such as airflow cooling drafting and hot roller drafting on the premise of ensuring the filament performance. The flexibility of the non-woven fabric production process is greatly enhanced, and a foundation is laid for energy conservation, consumption reduction, cost saving and efficiency improvement of the whole production line.
Since the nonwoven fabric of the present invention comprises the composite filaments and the single structural filaments, the subsequent molding process can be performed under a wide range of heating and pressing conditions, and has a good molding effect. When hot press molding is carried out, a mode of heating the non-woven fabric and then extruding the non-woven fabric by a normal-temperature die can be adopted, and a mode of heating and extruding the normal-temperature non-woven fabric by the die can also be adopted; after compression molding, the section bar of a specific product can be prepared, and a plate or a sheet with good performance can be obtained by hot pressing for various occasions.
The technical scheme and the implementation effect of the invention are described in detail above, and in order to further show the technical scheme and the innovative effect of the invention, a plurality of specific preparation examples and the forming processing and application thereof are listed below. It should be noted that the present invention is only exemplary, and other embodiments may be made of the present invention, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent changes may fall within the scope of the present invention.
Table 1: the main technical content of a plurality of preparation embodiments of the invention
(shrinkage was measured at 200 ℃ for 10 minutes.)
Table 2: specific applications of the various embodiments of the invention
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a non-woven fabrics convenient to direct forming processing which characterized in that: the nonwoven fabric comprises at least one composite filament and at least one single structural filament; the composite filament has a bicomponent sheath-core cladding structure, the melting point of the sheath component is at least 20 ℃ lower than that of the core layer, and the melting point of the core layer component is the same as or similar to that of the single structural filament, or the composite filament has a bicomponent laminated structure, wherein the melting point of one component is at least 20 ℃ lower than that of the other component, and the melting point of the high-melting-point component is the same as or similar to that of the single structural filament.
2. The nonwoven fabric facilitating direct structuring process of claim 1, wherein: the non-woven fabric is formed by mixing a composite filament and a single-structure filament, wherein the composite filament accounts for 10-50% of the total weight of the filament; in the composite filament, the low-melting-point component accounts for 10-90% of the total weight of the composite filament; the composite filaments and the single structural filaments have a linear density of 2 to 9dtex and an elongation at break of 20 to 100%; the gram weight of the non-woven fabric product is 15-2000 g/m2And the shrinkage rate under the test conditions of 200 ℃ and 10 minutes is less than or equal to 60 percent.
3. The nonwoven fabric facilitating direct structuring process of claim 2, wherein: the single structural filament is PET with a melting point of about 265 ℃; the composite filament is of a sheath-core coating structure, the sheath component is CoPET, PBT or PA6 with the melting point less than or equal to 240 ℃, and the core component is PET with the melting point of about 265 ℃.
4. The nonwoven fabric facilitating direct structuring process of claim 2, wherein: the single structural filament is PET with a melting point of about 265 ℃; the composite filament is a bi-component bonding structure, the low-melting-point component is CoPET, PBT or PA6 with the melting point less than or equal to 240 ℃, and the high-melting-point component is PET with the melting point of about 265 ℃.
5. A production method of non-woven fabric convenient for direct forming processing takes polymer slices as raw materials, the polymer slices are melted and extruded by a screw extruder, melted high polymer materials enter a composite spinning box body after being filtered, enter a spinning pack after being accurately metered by a metering pump, are drawn to form filaments after being spun, and then are lapped and consolidated, and then are wound into rolls to obtain non-woven fabric products, and the production method is characterized in that: the difference of melting points of at least two polymer slices is not less than 20 ℃, and at least two screw extruders are used; the spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate in the spinneret assembly have at least two forms, wherein one form is a composite filament spinneret orifice forming a sheath-core cladding structure or a joint structure, the other form is a single structure filament spinneret orifice, and various spinneret orifices are uniformly distributed on the same spinneret plate in a staggered mode.
6. The method for producing a nonwoven fabric facilitating direct structuring according to claim 5, wherein: in the same spinneret plate, the number of spinneret orifices for forming the composite filaments accounts for 10-50% of the total number of the spinneret orifices; in the spinneret orifice, the amount of the low-melting-point material ejected in the same time is 10-90% of the total weight of the high-molecular-weight material ejected from the orifice.
7. The method for producing a nonwoven fabric facilitating direct structuring according to claim 5, wherein: after the spinning assembly performs spinning, the formed filaments are consolidated through needling or thermal bonding after being lapped through airflow cooling drafting or hot roller drafting.
8. The method for producing a nonwoven fabric facilitating direct structuring according to claim 7, wherein: the tows sprayed from the same spinneret plate enter a die with the pressure of more than 3kg/cm after being cooled by air blowing2An air flow drawing nozzle and a drawing pipeline powered by compressed air form a long fiber bundle with the linear density less than or equal to 9dtex after drawing; and (4) lapping, needling or thermally bonding and rolling the plurality of tows to prepare the non-woven fabric.
9. The method for producing a nonwoven fabric facilitating direct structuring according to claim 5, wherein: the screw extruder also comprises color master batches, flame-retardant master batches or functional auxiliary additives in the feeding raw materials.
10. Use of a nonwoven fabric according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the non-woven fabric is directly molded or hot-pressed into a section or a plate suitable for automobile internal and external decorative parts and shells of household appliances or electronic office supplies; or processed into a section bar or a plate for replacing plastic products or sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing materials for buildings, decorations, offices or households; or processed into a reinforcing sheet material for textile clothes, shoes and hats.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110912501.7A CN113430722A (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | Non-woven fabric convenient for direct forming processing and production method and application thereof |
| PCT/CN2021/128598 WO2023015745A1 (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-04 | Non-woven fabric convenient for direct molding and processing, and production method therefor and use thereof |
| CN202210955850.1A CN115305655A (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | Long fiber non-woven fabric molding material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202110912501.7A CN113430722A (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | Non-woven fabric convenient for direct forming processing and production method and application thereof |
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| CN113430722A true CN113430722A (en) | 2021-09-24 |
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| CN202210955850.1A Pending CN115305655A (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | Long fiber non-woven fabric molding material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111757966A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2020-10-09 | 洛博纳公司 | Composite acoustic layer |
| WO2023015745A1 (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-02-16 | 扬州阿特兰新材料有限公司 | Non-woven fabric convenient for direct molding and processing, and production method therefor and use thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116334840B (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2024-09-27 | 扬州阿特兰新材料有限公司 | Double-layer composite fiber material and preparation method thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023015745A1 (en) | 2023-02-16 |
| CN115305655A (en) | 2022-11-08 |
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