CN113430391A - Method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis residue by low-temperature roasting-water leaching - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgical solid waste treatment, and relates to a method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis waste residues by low-temperature roasting-water leaching. The invention adopts a low-temperature roasting-leaching process to carry out acidolysis on TiO in titanium dioxide residues2Recovering the TiO in the residue by using the characteristic that the titanium compound in the residue reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid under heating condition to generate titanyl sulfate and titanium sulfate2The immersion liquid is directly added into a titanium dioxide production system by combining a titanium dioxide production process by a sulfuric acid method, from the viewpoint of saving the production cost, the addition point can be selected after the sulfuric acid acidolysis process and enters the subsequent process treatment of the production system along with the system materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgical solid waste treatment, and relates to a method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis waste residues by low-temperature roasting-water leaching.
Background
The acidolysis residue of titanium white is a solid waste produced in the sulfuric acid method production process of titanium white. The titanium dioxide acidolysis residue has complicated components, mainly including undecomposed rutile type titanium ore, incompletely decomposed anatase type titanium ore and titaniumIron ore, white stone, long stone, quartz sand and other ores which do not react with sulfuric acid, silicon-aluminum colloid which is coagulated and precipitated in the flocculation process of titanium liquid, and the like. The raw material used for producing titanium dioxide by the domestic sulfuric acid method is mainly TiO2The acidolysis rate of the titanium concentrate with the content of about 46% is about 90%, and the content of titanium dioxide in the generated acidolysis slag is 15-30%. In order to reduce the yield of three wastes, some foreign manufacturers use TiO2The acid-soluble titanium slag with the content of more than 70 percent is used as a production raw material of the titanium dioxide by the sulfuric acid method, and the content of the titanium dioxide in the generated acidolysis slag is 35-45 percent. According to statistics, 0.2-0.3 ton acidolysis residue can be generated when 1 ton titanium dioxide is produced, and because the residue is large in yield and high in treatment cost, a factory generally treats the titanium dioxide in modes of abandonment, landfill and the like, resources are wasted, and the environment is polluted. Therefore, how to reasonably collect and utilize the titanium-containing materials in the titanium dioxide acidolysis residues becomes a hotspot of research on titanium dioxide production technology.
Titanium-containing materials in titanium dioxide acidolysis residues are high, but most of the existing titanium dioxide acidolysis residues are pulped and neutralized to prepare titanium gypsum. The titanium gypsum has very limited utilization value, 6.5-9 t of titanium gypsum is generated in the production of 1t of titanium dioxide, the emission of the titanium gypsum not only occupies a large amount of land, causes environmental pollution and increases the economic burden of enterprises, but also TiO in the titanium gypsum occupies a large amount of land, causes environmental pollution and increases the economic burden of enterprises2And is also wasted. The novel treatment mode of titanium dioxide acidolysis residues is developed, the titanium raw material in the titanium dioxide acidolysis residues is efficiently utilized, the production cost is saved, and the problem to be solved at the present stage is solved. If the titanium-containing material of the acidolysis residue can be fully utilized, the comprehensive utilization level of the titanium resource can be greatly improved, the cyclic utilization of the titanium resource is realized, and the method has higher economic value.
According to the content of titanium dioxide, the titanium ore concentrate formed by a physical production process and containing more than 40 percent of titanium dioxide is generally called high-titanium slag, and the titanium slag formed by the physical production process and containing less than 30 percent of titanium dioxide is generally called low-titanium slag. The high titanium slag yield in China is huge, the current research focuses on the high titanium slag, and the research on the low titanium slag is relatively less. The acidolysis residue of titanium dioxide is a low-titanium residue produced in the sedimentation filtration section in the production process of titanium dioxide by a sulfuric acid method. Titanium andiron mainly in rutile form TiO2Titanium dioxide, FeTiO3The three main impurities of Si, S and Ca exist in the form of phases, mainly anhydrite CaSO4And silica SiO2Exists in the form of phase, and pyroxene CaMgSi is also contained in the phase2O6The Si content is about 10%, and the Ca and S contents are both about 6%. These characteristics of titanium dioxide acid hydrolysis slag make it more difficult to recycle than other titanium slag with the same titanium content.
The method for treating the acidolysis slag in the low-titanium slag mainly comprises a flotation method, a magnetic separation method, a mechanical activation method, a soil mixing method and the like. The current research results show that the flotation method and the magnetic separation method can improve the content of titanium dioxide, but the property that titanium dioxide acidolysis slag is difficult to dissolve in acid is not changed in principle, the utilization rate is low, part of titanium is lost in the screening process, and ilmenite obtained by screening is difficult to be leached by acid despite high content of titanium dioxide, and can only be mixed with the existing titanium concentrate for acidolysis. Therefore, the method for recovering titanium from titanium dioxide acidolysis slag through screening has large limitation and is inconvenient for industrial application. The mechanical activation method has the disadvantages of high leaching rate or good enrichment effect, large abrasion to equipment and high treatment cost. The concrete method is influenced by the factors of low cement price, high requirement on the ball milling granularity of the low titanium slag, certain proportion limitation and the like, so that the industrialization is difficult to realize.
Other treatment methods such as a microwave enhanced leaching method have certain effect on titanium enrichment, but still have the defects of high microwave radiation energy consumption and high treatment cost; the two-stage acid leaching method has a general treatment effect and requires high titanium dioxide content in the raw material; the salting roasting method has higher requirement on the content of titanium dioxide in the raw material, and the silicon removal effect is poorer than that of sodium hydroxide, so the method is not suitable for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis slag; although the acid leaching-alkali leaching impurity removal method has feasible effect, the utilization rate is lower. The conventional air alkali-adding roasting method has the two defects of large alkali consumption and large corrosion to equipment, the problem of producing titanium dioxide by a foreign chlorination method in the aspect of corrosion-resistant equipment is solved, and if a breakthrough is made in an alkali liquor recovery method, considerable research value and prospect are provided, but the method is only suitable for high-titanium blast furnace slag at present and is not suitable for acidolysis slag.
The method of patent CN101469367B is similar to the method of patent CN111570095A and CN102764689A, and is to crush the residue after washing, filtering and drying, and then to obtain titanium ore product with high titanium content by using ore dressing method, except that the former uses magnetic separation, and the latter uses flotation process. The patent CN109019601A is to mix the dried acidolysis residue with carbonaceous reducing agent for carbothermic reduction, and to prepare carbide slag by adopting a pyrometallurgy process.
The invention adopts a low-temperature roasting-leaching process to carry out acidolysis on TiO in titanium dioxide residues2Recovering the TiO in the residue by using the characteristic that the titanium compound in the residue reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid under heating condition to generate titanyl sulfate and titanium sulfate2The immersion liquid is directly added into a titanium dioxide production system by combining a titanium dioxide production process by a sulfuric acid method, from the viewpoint of saving the production cost, the addition point can be selected after the sulfuric acid acidolysis process and enters the subsequent process treatment of the production system along with the system materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis waste residues by low-temperature roasting-water leaching, aiming at the current research situation of recycling titanium dioxide acidolysis residues, and the method has the advantages of low roasting temperature and leaching temperature, low energy consumption, high titanium leaching rate, low treatment cost, mild process conditions, easy operation, small environmental pollution and environmental protection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis waste residue by low-temperature roasting-water leaching specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, drying acidolysis residues at 90-110 ℃, then fully mixing the acidolysis residues with a certain amount of concentrated sulfuric acid in a porcelain dish, and uniformly stirring.
And 2, roasting the uniformly mixed residues in a muffle furnace for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 300-350 ℃.
And 3, directly leaching the roasted residues with water, mechanically stirring, and performing solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, wherein the pH value of the leaching solution is 1.0-1.5.
And 4, directly adding the leachate into a sulfuric acid process titanium dioxide production system, wherein the adding point is selected after a sulfuric acid acidolysis process, and the leachate and the system materials enter subsequent processes of the production system for treatment.
Further, the weight of the concentrated sulfuric acid in the step 1 is 1.5-2.0 times of that of the titanium dioxide acidolysis residue.
Further, the stirring in the step 1 is manual stirring of a titanium spoon; in the step 3, mechanical stirring is carried out by an electric stirrer, the stirring speed is 250r/min, and the stirring time is 1-3 h.
Further, in the step 3, the leaching temperature is 30-70 ℃, and the liquid-solid ratio is 2: 1-4: 1, leaching time is 1-3 h.
Further, the solid-liquid separation in the step 3 adopts a vacuum filtration mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects of.
(1) The property that compounds in the acidolysis residue can be dissolved in hot concentrated sulfuric acid is utilized to remove insoluble substances such as silica and the like, so that the content of the recovered raw materials is further improved, the raw material treatment cost of a production system is favorably reduced, and the raw material solution is directly added into the production process flow of titanium white and enters the subsequent process of the production system along with the system materials for treatment.
(2) The method has stronger integration with the technological process for producing the titanium white by the sulfuric acid method, and is not only suitable for low-titanium slag, but also suitable for high-grade ilmenite. The high-grade ilmenite generally contains rutile components, and the acidolysis residue and the high-grade ilmenite are pretreated according to a certain proportion and then can be merged into a leaching system of the original main flow.
(3) Compared with the magnetic separation method, the flotation method and other technologies which are researched more at present, the indissolvable TiO in the acidolysis residue after low-temperature roasting treatment2The titanium sulfate is converted into soluble titanium sulfate, and the leaching rate is obviously improved. Soaking the roasted product in low-and-medium-temperature water under normal pressure to obtain sulfate solution containing titanium, iron, aluminum and the like. By controlling the appropriate roasting and leaching conditions, the TiO in the residue can be obtained2And is primarily separated from calcium, silicon dioxide and the like in the slag.
(4) Compared with other acidolysis titanium slag recycling processes, the method can fully recover titanium resources, simultaneously recover ilmenite and rutile in the waste slag, does not introduce new impurities, has simple and easy operation, realizes diversified and comprehensive cyclic utilization of wastes with less investment, reduces environmental pollution, simultaneously reduces the production cost of titanium white by a sulfuric acid method, and has good economic benefit.
(5) Treating the residue to obtain TiO in the residue2The content is reduced to below 3 percent, the treated waste residue can be sold as concrete or paving materials and the like, the problems of waste residue stockpiling and environmental protection of enterprises are effectively solved, and the regeneration capability of the enterprises is improved.
Detailed Description
The following will further illustrate the specific technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the following examples.
The titanium dioxide acidolysis residue is a filter cake obtained by plate and frame filter pressing, and has large block degree and hardness. The acidolysis slag was dried, crushed and mixed uniformly, and the analysis of the main components is shown in the following table.
Table 1 titanium dioxide acidolysis residue main chemical composition (wt%).
| TiO2 | Fe | SiO2 | CaO | MgO | Al2O3 |
| 22.98 | 13.04 | 30.45 | 3.27 | 3.40 | 2.11 |
Example 1.
100g of acidolysis residue and 150g of concentrated sulfuric acid are taken and uniformly mixed in a porcelain dish, and the uniformly mixed residue is put into a muffle furnace for roasting for 2 hours at the roasting temperature of 300 ℃. And directly mechanically stirring and leaching the roasted slag by using water after the roasted slag is cooled, wherein the leaching temperature is 70 ℃, and the liquid-solid ratio is 2: 1, leaching for 1h, filtering after leaching, washing water with the pH value of 1.0, and performing analytical calculation on the basis of the residue to obtain TiO in acidolysis residue2Leaching rate of 93.25%, leaching TiO in slag2The content is 2.65%.
Example 2.
Firstly, 100g of acidolysis residue and 180g of concentrated sulfuric acid are uniformly mixed in a porcelain dish, and the uniformly mixed residue is put into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 1.5h, wherein the roasting temperature is 320 ℃. And directly mechanically stirring and leaching the roasted slag by using water after the roasted slag is cooled, wherein the leaching temperature is 60 ℃, and the liquid-solid ratio is 3: 1, leaching for 3 hours, filtering after leaching, wherein the pH value of washing water is 1.0, and calculating according to the residue through analysis, and the TiO in acidolysis residue294.76% leaching rate, TiO in leaching residue2The content is 2.42%.
Example 3.
100g of acidolysis residue and 200g of concentrated sulfuric acid are taken and uniformly mixed in a porcelain dish, and the uniformly mixed residue is put into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 1 hour at the roasting temperature of 340 ℃. And directly mechanically stirring and leaching the roasted slag by using water after the roasted slag is cooled, wherein the leaching temperature is 50 ℃, and the liquid-solid ratio is 2: 1, leaching for 2 hours, filtering after leaching, wherein the pH value of washing water is 1.0, and calculating according to the residue through analysis, and the TiO in acidolysis residue2The leaching rate of the leaching residue is 93.69 percent, and TiO in the leaching residue2The content is 2.51 percent。
Comparative example 1.
The technical scheme of the patent CN109019601A is to provide a method for preparing carbide slag by using sulfate process titanium dioxide acidolysis residues, which comprises the following steps: a. collecting wet-based acidolysis residues generated in the production process of titanium dioxide by a sulfuric acid method, and drying to obtain dry-based acidolysis residues for later use; b. mixing the dry acidolysis residue with a carbonaceous reducing agent for carbothermic reduction to obtain the carbide slag. This patent utilizes a carbonaceous reducing agent to remove TiO from the acid hydrolysis residue2The TiC can be used as the subsequent titanium dioxide chloride to produce TiCl4The raw materials realize the comprehensive utilization of titanium resources, reduce the environmental pollution and simultaneously reduce the production cost of the titanium white by the sulfuric acid process.
Comparative example 2.
Patent CN111570095A discloses a process for recovering titanium dioxide acidolysis residue, comprising the following steps: washing titanium dioxide acidolysis residue with water, filtering to obtain filter residue, adding hydrochloric acid into the filter residue for reaction, filtering to obtain filter cake, washing, and drying; crushing and grinding the filter cake into powder with the particle size of 35-120 mu m; mixing the powder to prepare a suspension with a solid content of 20-30 wt.%, adjusting the pH to 5.0-7.0, adding sodium silicate and nitrilotriacetic acid, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding a flotation collector to perform flotation to obtain the titanium ore. Most of titanium elements in the residue are effectively recovered, the recovery rate of the titanium ore reaches over 88 percent, and the grade of the recovered titanium ore is improved.
Comparing the examples with the comparative examples, it is found that the magnetic separation method and the flotation method adopted by patent CN109019601A and patent CN109019601A can increase the content of titanium dioxide, but do not change the property of titanium dioxide acidolysis slag that is difficult to dissolve in acid in principle, the utilization rate is low, a part of titanium is lost in the screening process, and the screened ilmenite is difficult to be leached by acid despite the high content of titanium dioxide, and can only be mixed with the existing titanium concentrate for acidolysis. Therefore, the method for recovering titanium from titanium dioxide acidolysis slag through screening has large limitation and is inconvenient for industrial application. The method adopts a low-temperature roasting-water leaching method to remove insoluble TiO in acidolysis residues2The leaching rate is greatly improved by converting the titanium sulfate into soluble titanium sulfate, and the leaching rate of the slag meter is up toMore than 93 percent of the titanium can be more fully recovered, and TiO in the residue can be leached2The content is reduced to below 3 percent, and the concrete can be sold as concrete or paving materials and the like, thereby effectively solving the problems of waste residue stockpiling and environmental protection of enterprises.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis waste residue by low-temperature roasting-water leaching is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, drying acidolysis residues at 90-110 ℃, fully mixing the acidolysis residues with a certain amount of concentrated sulfuric acid in a porcelain dish, and uniformly stirring;
step 2, putting the uniformly mixed residues into a muffle furnace for roasting for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 300-350 ℃;
step 3, directly leaching the roasted residues with water, mechanically stirring, and performing solid-liquid separation after leaching is finished, wherein the pH value of a leaching solution is 1.0-1.5;
and 4, directly adding the leachate into a sulfuric acid process titanium dioxide production system, wherein the adding point is selected after a sulfuric acid acidolysis process, and the leachate and the system materials enter subsequent processes of the production system for treatment.
2. The method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis waste residue by low-temperature roasting-water leaching as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight of concentrated sulfuric acid in the step 1 is 1.5-2.0 times of that of the titanium dioxide acidolysis residue.
3. The method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis waste residue by low-temperature roasting-water leaching as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirring in the step 1 is manual stirring by a titanium spoon; in the step 3, mechanical stirring is carried out by an electric stirrer, the stirring speed is 250r/min, and the stirring time is 1-3 h.
4. The method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis waste residues through low-temperature roasting-water leaching as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leaching temperature in the step 3 is 30-70 ℃, and the liquid-solid ratio is 2: 1-4: 1, leaching time is 1-3 h.
5. The method for treating titanium dioxide acidolysis waste residue by low-temperature roasting-water leaching as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid-liquid separation in step 3 adopts a vacuum filtration mode.
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| CN113845144A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-28 | 中国有色集团（广西）平桂飞碟股份有限公司 | Harmless resource utilization method for titanium dioxide acidolysis waste by sulfuric acid process |
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| CN113845144A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-28 | 中国有色集团（广西）平桂飞碟股份有限公司 | Harmless resource utilization method for titanium dioxide acidolysis waste by sulfuric acid process |
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