CN113429982A - Temperature self-adaptive liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal dimming device applying same - Google Patents
Temperature self-adaptive liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal dimming device applying same Download PDFInfo
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- C09K19/44—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0147—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on thermo-optic effects
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
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Abstract
The invention relates to a temperature self-adaptive liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal dimming device using the same. Negative temperature sensitivity chiral composition in this application has great negative wavelength offset along with the temperature rising, for improving its stability, the accessible further compound low temperature sensitivity chiral compound carries out the pitch regulation, make selective reflection wavelength can automatically regulated to required wave band scope, through adding the bimesogenic composition that has low spiral distortion ability, carry out the elastic constant and adjust, extension wavelength offset, finally realize that liquid crystal light adjusting device has great negative wavelength offset and higher reflectivity to external light, thereby realize the self-adaptation regulation to indoor temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building home life, in particular to a temperature self-adaptive liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal dimming device using the same.
Background
According to statistics, because the current building material industry uses common glass or low-radiation coated glass, more than 50% of indoor power consumption in the household environment and the commercial office environment is used for temperature regulation, namely air-conditioning refrigeration is needed in summer, and heating or air-conditioning heating is needed in winter. The cleanest solar energy is the main cause of increasing the indoor temperature in summer, and the utilization rate of the cleanest solar energy is very low in winter due to the installation of the low-radiation coated glass. Therefore, a light modulation device for realizing environment self-adaptive control is needed to be used in the building material industry, the light modulation device can realize the selective reflection in the visible light region and the near infrared region with the wavelength of 700 nm-1500nm, ideally, the selective reflection wavelength can be automatically adjusted to the range of 800nm-1100nm at the temperature of 30 ℃, the reflectivity is more than or equal to 50 percent, the selective reflection wavelength lambda is reduced along with the increase of the temperature, the wave below 800nm is reflected, and the heat insulation effect is achieved; in winter, the selective reflection wavelength lambda is increased along with the reduction of the temperature, and the wave of 800nm-1500nm is transmitted, so that the effect of transferring heat is achieved.
We define: the selective reflection wavelength increases as a positive wavelength shift with increasing temperature; the selective reflection wavelength decreases to a negative wavelength shift with increasing temperature. To achieve the above object, high reflection can be achieved by multiple interfaces, but it is also required that the selective reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal dimming device exhibits a negative wavelength shift and has a large wavelength shift amount. The cholesteric liquid crystal is used as a liquid crystal commonly used by a bistable light modulation device, and the central reflection wavelength in a planar state meets the Bragg reflection law: λ ═ nP, n is the average refractive index, and P is the pitch of the helix, so the selective reflection wavelength can be tuned by tuning P. It is also known that P ═ 1/(c × HTP), where c is the concentration of the chiral dopant material and the HTP value is the helical twist constant of the chiral dopant material, which is temperature sensitive. When the chiral doping material is used for adjusting the helical pitch, the conventional chiral dopants such as CB15, S811, S5011, R811, R5011 and the like which show small wavelength shift along with temperature change cannot realize temperature adaptive adjustment.
In order to eliminate or control the temperature sensitivity of the selective reflection wavelength, researchers have developed several chiral dopants capable of exhibiting a negative wavelength shift, but liquid crystal compositions of these chiral dopants all exhibit a small wavelength shift, and a small amount of addition thereof can be easily crystallized.
Therefore, a bistable light modulation device with large negative wavelength offset with temperature rise is needed to achieve the temperature adaptive goal.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly solves the problem of how to design the light adjusting device, realizes negative wavelength movement of external environment light and can control reflectivity, and therefore indoor temperature self-adaptive adjustment is achieved.
To achieve the above object, the present application provides a temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition, including a nematic liquid crystal composition, a negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition, and a bimesogenic composition.
Furthermore, the nematic phase liquid crystal composition accounts for 40-95% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition.
Further, the nematic phase liquid crystal composition is at least one of liquid crystal compounds having a nematic phase.
Further, the negative temperature sensitivity chiral composition accounts for 0.1-40% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition.
Further, the negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition comprises at least one of negative temperature-sensitive chiral compounds having the same or opposite handedness.
Further, the negative temperature-sensitive chiral compound is R1 or R2 or R3, wherein,
r1 has a structural formula
R2 has a structural formula
R3 has a structural formula
Further, the negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition further comprises at least one of the conventional chiral compounds in the field.
Further, the conventional chiral compound is S811 or S5011.
Further, the bimesogenic composition accounts for 5-40% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition.
Further, the bimesogenic composition comprises at least one bimesogenic compound containing two mesogenic units in the molecule.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application further provides a liquid crystal light modulation device, including a first transparent conductive substrate and a second transparent conductive substrate which are disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first transparent conductive substrate and the second transparent conductive substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes the above temperature adaptive liquid crystal composition.
Further, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 2-100 μm.
Further, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 5-50 μm.
Further, the first transparent conductive base layer and/or the second transparent conductive base layer are prepared from a transparent base layer and a transparent conductive electrode covering the transparent base layer.
Further, the transparent conductive base layer is any one of flat glass, tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, float glass, a PET film and a PTFE film.
Furthermore, the material for preparing the transparent conductive electrode is at least one of a metal oxide film, a metal nanowire lead film, a metal grid and a carbon-based conductive film.
Further, an alignment layer is arranged between the first transparent conductive base layer and the liquid crystal layer and/or between the second transparent conductive base layer and the liquid crystal layer.
Further, the alignment type of the alignment layer is a substantially planar orientation or a substantially homeotropic orientation.
Furthermore, the orientation mode of the alignment layer is any one of rubbing orientation, photo-orientation, oblique evaporation and evaporation orientation and LB film orientation.
Further, the material for preparing the alignment layer is any one of polyimide, siloxane and PVB.
The method has the advantages that the negative temperature sensitivity chiral compound or the negative temperature sensitivity chiral composition is added into the nematic liquid crystal composition, the selective reflection wavelength can be moved to a low waveband along with the rise of temperature, the higher wavelength offset is achieved, the low temperature sensitivity chiral compound is further compounded to adjust the screw pitch, the stability is improved, the elastic constant is adjusted by adding the bimesogenic compound or the bimesogenic composition with the low spiral distortion capability, the excellent bistable characteristic is maintained, the wavelength offset is expanded, the reflectivity is improved through the multi-interface reflection of the device, and finally the dimming device prepared from the composition has the higher negative wavelength offset and the higher reflectivity to the external light, so that the self-adaptive adjustment of the indoor temperature is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal light modulation device;
FIG. 2 is a reflection spectrum of a comparative example;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the reflectance spectrum of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the reflectance spectrum of example 2;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the reflectance spectrum of example 3;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the reflectance spectrum of example 4;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the reflectance spectrum of example 5;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the reflectance spectrum of example 6;
in the figure: 1. a first transparent conductive base layer; 2. a second transparent conductive base layer; 3. a liquid crystal layer; 4. a first alignment layer; 5. a second alignment layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the following description of the present application will be made in detail and completely with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In order to prepare the temperature self-adaptive dimming glass with excellent performance, the application provides a liquid crystal composition which comprises a nematic phase liquid crystal composition, a negative temperature sensitivity chiral composition and a bimesogenic composition. In the scheme: the method is characterized in that a chiral material with negative wavelength movement and high temperature sensitivity is used for realizing selective reflection wavelength movement to a low waveband along with temperature rise, chiral materials with wavelength movement and low temperature sensitivity in the field are compounded to realize pitch adjustment so as to improve stability, a bimesogenic compound or a bimesogenic composition with low spiral distortion capability is added to perform elastic constant adjustment, an excellent bistable characteristic is maintained, wavelength offset is expanded, reflectivity is improved through multi-interface reflection of a device, large negative wavelength offset and high reflectivity to external light are realized, and accordingly temperature self-adaptive adjustment is realized on the basis of keeping the bistable characteristic.
In the present application, as a preferred embodiment, the nematic liquid crystal composition accounts for 40% to 95% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition; in a more preferred embodiment, the nematic liquid crystal composition accounts for 50% to 92% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition. In the present application, the nematic liquid crystal composition is preferably at least one of the commonly used liquid crystal compounds having a nematic phase, that is, the nematic liquid crystal composition may be a combination of the liquid crystal compounds having a nematic phase, and the liquid crystal compounds having a nematic phase may be a known nematic liquid crystal material, and will not be described in detail. The nematic liquid crystal composition provides basic photoelectric characteristic parameters for the bistable light modulation device, and is the key point of the bistable light modulation device with light modulation function.
In the present application, as a preferred embodiment, the negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition accounts for 0.1% to 40% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition; as a further preferred embodiment, the negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition accounts for 0.1% to 30% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition. The negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition comprises at least one of negative temperature-sensitive chiral compounds having the same or opposite handedness, which may be, but is not limited to, R1, R2, R3, etc., wherein,
the structural formula of R1 is as follows:
the structural formula of R2 is as follows:
the structural formula of R3 is as follows:
based on the above-mentioned negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition, preferably, any one of the negative temperature-sensitive chiral compositions may further include at least one of conventional chiral compounds in the art, which may be, but is not limited to, S811, S5011, etc., and which have a small wavelength shift amount according to a temperature change, but may be combined with the above-mentioned chiral compound and then subject to pitch adjustment to improve stability. Furthermore, the pitch can be adjusted by further compounding a low-temperature sensitive chiral compound, so that the selective reflection wavelength can be automatically adjusted to the required waveband range.
In the present application, as a preferred embodiment, the bimesogenic composition accounts for 5% to 40% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition; as a further preferred embodiment, the bimesogenic composition accounts for 5% to 30% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition. The bimesogenic composition includes at least one bimesogenic compound containing two mesogenic units in the molecule. The bimesogenic compound is a liquid crystal compound containing two mesogens in the molecule, namely the molecule of the bimesogenic compound contains two groups capable of inducing liquid crystal phase capacity.
The reaction principle of the technical scheme of the application is as follows: the bimesogenic compound and the nematic liquid crystal compound can form a chiral nematic phase (namely, a cholesteric phase) under the action of the chiral compound, so that the dimming device has two stable states: a transmitted state in which incident light is substantially directed and a fogged state in which incident light is substantially scattered. In a transmission state, cholesteric liquid crystal molecules are basically parallel to the surface of the light modulation device, and a spiral shaft of the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules is vertical to the surface of the light modulation device, so that a planar texture of cholesteric liquid crystal is formed, and in the state, incident light basically keeps the original incident angle to pass through the light modulation device without being influenced; in the foggy state, the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules form a focal conic texture, and incident light is basically scattered to form a state with high haze. Due to the special elastic coefficient of the bimesogenic compound, the bimesogenic compound can be used as an elastic constant modulator, so that the relaxation time of the bistable liquid crystal from a vertical state to a planar state is shortened, the uniformity of the planar arrangement of liquid crystal molecules can be improved, and the texture defect is reduced, thereby reducing the haze of the bistable light modulator in a transmission state and simultaneously improving the haze of a fog state. In addition, the bimesogenic compound as an elastic constant regulator has a certain influence on the helical twisting ability of cholesteric liquid crystal, and can realize the regulation of wavelength offset through the influence on the helical twisting ability.
In order to realize the purpose of preparing the temperature self-adaptive dimming glass with excellent performance, the application provides a liquid crystal dimming device, which comprises a first transparent conductive base layer and a second transparent conductive base layer which are arranged oppositely, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first transparent conductive base layer and the second transparent conductive base layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises the temperature self-adaptive liquid crystal composition. In the present application, as a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 2 μm to 100 μm; in a more preferred embodiment, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 5 μm to 50 μm. The liquid crystal dimming device can realize that the selective reflection wavelength is moved along with the temperature rise and shows negative wavelength, the wavelength offset is less than or equal to minus 6.5 nm/DEG C, ideally less than or equal to minus 12.0 nm/DEG C, the selective reflection wavelength can be automatically adjusted to be in the range of 800nm-1100nm at the temperature of 30 ℃, and the reflectivity is more than or equal to 50%.
As a preferred embodiment, an alignment layer is disposed between the first transparent conductive base layer and the liquid crystal layer and/or between the second transparent conductive base layer and the liquid crystal layer; as a further preferred embodiment, the material for preparing the alignment layer is any one of polyimide, siloxane, and PVB; the alignment type of the alignment layer is a substantially planar orientation or a substantially homeotropic orientation: the liquid crystal molecules in the alignment layer are oriented in a substantially plane, i.e. the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules on the surface of the alignment layer are substantially parallel to the surface of the alignment layer, such as TN, IPS, STN type and the like; substantially vertical alignment, i.e. the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the alignment layer, e.g. VA-type. In a preferred embodiment, the alignment layer is oriented by rubbing, photo-alignment, oblique vapor deposition, or LB film.
In the present application, as a preferred embodiment, the first transparent conductive base layer and/or the second transparent conductive base layer is prepared from a transparent base layer and a transparent conductive electrode covering the transparent base layer; as a further preferred embodiment, the transparent conductive substrate may be, but is not limited to, any one of flat glass, tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, float glass, a PET film, and a PTFE film, and the material for preparing the transparent conductive electrode may be, but is not limited to, at least one of a metal oxide film, a metal nanowire wire film, a metal mesh, a carbon-based conductive film, and the like.
In order to prove that the dimming glass prepared by the scheme of the application has an excellent temperature self-adaptive adjusting function, the application also provides a series of following embodiments:
the embodiment of the application provides a dimming device, as shown in fig. 1, including relative first transparent conductive basic layer and the second transparent conductive basic layer that sets up to and locate the liquid crystal layer between first transparent conductive basic layer and the second transparent conductive basic layer first transparent basic layer with be equipped with first alignment layer between the liquid crystal layer second transparent basic layer with be equipped with the second alignment layer between the liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes the above-mentioned temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition, it includes nematic liquid crystal composition, negative temperature sensitivity chiral composition and bimesogenic composition. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 7-30 micrometers, the first transparent conductive base layer and the second transparent conductive base layer are both in a flat glass/ITO mode, the alignment layer materials of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are both polyimide, and the alignment types of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are both TN types.
The liquid crystal composition is prepared according to the proportion of the liquid crystal composition specified in each example in the embodiment of the application, the preparation of the liquid crystal composition is carried out according to a conventional method in the field, and the specific steps are as follows: weighing the component compositions or compounds according to the corresponding mass percent in a glass bottle, adding a magnetic stirrer, placing on a heating table, heating and stirring until the liquid crystal composition in the sample bottle is clear, continuing to heat and stir for 30 minutes, stopping heating, and continuing to stir for 2 hours.
For convenience of expression, a series of names and unit structures of groups that can be used to prepare nematic liquid crystal compounds or bimesogenic compounds are given in table one and different unit structures are indicated by codes, and the groups used to prepare nematic liquid crystal compounds or bimesogenic compounds are not limited to the types described in table one.
Table one: name, unit structure and code of group for preparing nematic liquid crystal compound
Code usage problem in table one: example "5 PPN", according to the nomenclature shown in Table one, the corresponding structure is
For example, n is 3, and the corresponding structure is-C according to the nomenclature shown in table one3H7。
In order to verify that the temperature adaptive liquid crystal composition provided by the present application has excellent technical effects, the present application provides a group of nematic liquid crystal compounds with nematic phase prepared from the groups in table one, the component codes of the nematic liquid crystal compounds are 5PPN, 2OPPN, 3OPPN, 5OPPN, 6OPPN, 3CPN, 5CPN, 3PPN, 7PPN and 4PPN, respectively, the types of the nematic liquid crystal compounds are not limited to the nematic liquid crystal compounds represented by the component codes, but other nematic liquid crystal compounds with nematic phase prepared from the groups in table one, as shown in table two, a nematic liquid crystal composition a prepared from the nematic liquid crystal compounds in the group is also provided, the following nematic liquid crystal dimming devices with different content of the nematic liquid crystal composition a are prepared by taking the nematic liquid crystal composition a as an example only, and the performance of the liquid crystal dimming devices is tested, further verifying the performance of the temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition of the present application, the nematic liquid crystal composition a in the examples is only representative of the nematic liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase, because the nematic liquid crystal composition mainly functions to provide the basic electro-optical characteristics for the liquid crystal dimming device, and therefore, other nematic liquid crystal compositions having a nematic phase and providing the basic electro-optical characteristics applied to the technical solution of the present application are all suitable for the technical solution of the present application. The components of the nematic liquid crystal composition a are shown in table two, wherein each type of nematic liquid crystal compound constituting the nematic liquid crystal composition a is contained by mass%.
Table two: component of nematic liquid crystal composition A
| Component code | Mass percent/%) | Component code | Mass percent/%) |
| 5PPN | 22.5 | 3CPN | 10.1 |
| 2PPN | 11.2 | 5CPN | 10.1 |
| 2OPPN | 3.4 | 3PPN | 10.1 |
| 3OPPN | 3.4 | 7PPN | 10.1 |
| 5OPPN | 3.4 | 4PPN | 12.3 |
| 6OPPN | 3.4 |
The type of the negative temperature-sensitive chiral compound added to the liquid crystal composition is also given in the application, the code and the corresponding structure of the negative temperature-sensitive chiral compound are shown in table three, and the type of the negative temperature-sensitive chiral compound is not limited to the type described in table three.
Table three: code and structure of negative temperature sensitive chiral compound for preparing liquid crystal composition
The liquid crystal composition is prepared into a liquid crystal dimming device and is subjected to performance detection, and the formula and the performance test result of the liquid crystal composition are shown in table 4, wherein the nematic liquid crystal composition A, each type of negative temperature sensitive chiral compound and each type of bimesogenic compound are all calculated according to the mass percentage. In the embodiments of the liquid crystal dimming device prepared in the present application: the comparative example is that no bimesogenic compound is added to the liquid crystal composition of the liquid crystal dimming device, and examples 1-6 are that different kinds of bimesogenic compounds with different proportions are added to the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal dimming device. The device selected in the performance test process of the reflection spectrum test device with different temperatures is an ultraviolet visible spectrometer and an mk2000 temperature controller, and the measurement conditions are as follows: a) environmental conditions: the temperature controller regulates and controls the temperature; b) dark room conditions: measuring in a dark room; c) preheating conditions are as follows: preheating a light source for 30 min; d) the test direction is as follows: perpendicular to the sample surface; e) measuring the position: the measurement point is located in an active area of the light modulation device.
In the following examples, the peak reflectivity is taken as the reflectivity of the band, the arithmetic mean of the wavelengths at half-peak heights is taken as the selective reflection wavelength value, the half-peak height wavelengths at two selected temperatures are required to be displayed in the test band, the wavelength offset is evaluated by Δ λ/Δ T, preferably Δ λ (40 ℃ -10 ℃) is taken as the test temperature band, if the half-peak height wavelength of the temperature band is not completely displayed in the test band, the temperature can be adjusted at 10 ℃ above and below the temperature range, and Δ T is 30 ℃. In the following examples, haze in the hazy/clear state is measured by a WGT-S haze Meter, measuring temperature 25 ℃. + -. 2 ℃.
Table four: comparative and examples 1-6 liquid crystal composition formulations and performance results of corresponding liquid crystal dimming devices
In table four, the numerical units corresponding to the substances in the examples all adopt mass percentages, wherein: the reflectance spectrum of the comparative example is shown in FIG. 2, the reflectance spectrum of example 1 is shown in FIG. 3, the reflectance spectrum of example 2 is shown in FIG. 4, the reflectance spectrum of example 3 is shown in FIG. 5, the reflectance spectrum of example 4 is shown in FIG. 6, the reflectance spectrum of example 5 is shown in FIG. 7, and the reflectance spectrum of example 6 is shown in FIG. 8.
Through the above examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that the dimmer incorporating the bimesogenic compound or composition of the present invention can achieve a significant increase in the negative wavelength offset, ideally, the wavelength offset is-12.8 ℃/min; the comparative examples and examples of the present invention have excellent stability; the comparative example and the embodiment of the invention can be automatically adjusted to be in the range of 800nm-1100nm at the temperature of 30 ℃, the reflectivity is more than 50 percent, and the self-adaptive adjustment of the ambient temperature is realized. The liquid crystal light modulation device can also be used in the application fields of low-temperature colorlessness to high-temperature color development, such as anti-counterfeiting labels, data encryption, color-changing glass, adjusting glass, crop planting and the like.
In summary, the present application provides a temperature adaptive liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal dimming device using the same, wherein the liquid crystal composition comprises a nematic liquid crystal composition, a negative temperature sensitive chiral composition and a bimesogenic composition. The negative temperature sensitivity chiral compound or the negative temperature sensitivity chiral composition in the liquid crystal composition can realize the selective reflection wavelength moving to a low waveband along with the temperature rise, has larger wavelength offset, can realize the pitch adjustment after being further compounded with the conventional low temperature sensitivity chiral compound, improves the stability, and can expand the wavelength offset on the basis of maintaining excellent bistable characteristic by adding the bimesogenic compound or the bimesogenic composition with low spiral distortion capability.
The light adjusting device prepared from the liquid crystal composition can realize negative wavelength shift along with temperature rise, the wavelength offset is less than or equal to-6.5 nm/DEG C, ideally less than or equal to-12.0 nm/DEG C, the selective reflection wavelength can be automatically adjusted to be in the range of 800nm-1100nm at the temperature of 30 ℃, and the reflectivity is more than or equal to 50 percent, and finally the liquid crystal light adjusting device has larger negative wavelength offset and higher reflectivity to external light, thereby realizing the self-adaptive adjustment to the indoor temperature.
Although the description is given in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as a whole to form other embodiments as would be understood by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. A temperature adaptive liquid crystal composition is characterized by comprising a nematic phase liquid crystal composition, a negative temperature sensitive chiral composition and a bimesogenic composition.
2. The temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the nematic liquid crystal composition accounts for 40 to 95% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition.
3. The temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition according to claim 2, wherein the nematic liquid crystal composition is at least one of liquid crystal compounds having a nematic phase.
4. The temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition accounts for 0.1-40% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition.
5. The temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition according to claim 4, wherein the negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition comprises at least one of negative temperature-sensitive chiral compounds having the same or opposite handedness.
6. The temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition according to claim 5, wherein the negative temperature-sensitive chiral compound is R1 or R2 or R3, wherein,
r1 has a structural formula
R2 has a structural formula
R3 has a structural formula
7. The temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition according to claim 5, wherein the negative temperature-sensitive chiral composition further comprises at least one of art-recognized chiral compounds.
8. The temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition according to claim 7, wherein the conventional chiral compound is S811 or S5011.
9. The temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the bimesogenic composition accounts for 5-40% of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition.
10. The temperature-adaptive liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the bimesogenic composition comprises at least one bimesogenic compound having two mesogens in a molecule.
11. A liquid crystal light modulation device, comprising a first transparent conductive substrate layer and a second transparent conductive substrate layer disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first transparent conductive substrate layer and the second transparent conductive substrate layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises the temperature adaptive liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. The liquid crystal dimming device of claim 11, wherein the liquid crystal layer has a thickness of 2 μm to 100 μm.
13. The liquid crystal dimming device of claim 11, wherein the liquid crystal layer has a thickness of 5 μm to 50 μm.
14. The liquid crystal dimming device of claim 11, wherein the first transparent conductive base layer and/or the second transparent conductive base layer is prepared from a transparent base layer and a transparent conductive electrode coated on the transparent base layer.
15. The liquid crystal dimming device of claim 14, wherein the transparent conductive substrate is any one of flat glass, tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, float glass, PET film, PTFE film.
16. The liquid crystal dimming device of claim 14, wherein the transparent conductive electrode is made of at least one of a metal oxide thin film, a metal nanowire wire thin film, a metal mesh, and a carbon-based conductive thin film.
17. The liquid crystal dimming device of claim 11, wherein an alignment layer is disposed between the first transparent conductive base layer and the liquid crystal layer and/or between the second transparent conductive base layer and the liquid crystal layer.
18. The liquid crystal dimming device of claim 17, wherein the alignment type of the alignment layer is a substantially planar orientation or a substantially homeotropic orientation.
19. The liquid crystal dimming device of claim 17, wherein the alignment layer is oriented by rubbing, photo-alignment, oblique vapor deposition, or LB film.
20. The liquid crystal dimming device of claim 17, wherein the alignment layer is made of any one of polyimide, siloxane, and PVB.
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