CN113428383B - Board-like moonlet guarantor type frock - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种板架式小卫星保型工装,属于卫星总装设计领域,特别适用于批量生产的板架式低轨互联网卫星使用。The invention relates to a plate-frame type small satellite shape-preserving tool, belonging to the field of satellite assembly design, and is particularly suitable for the use of plate-frame low-orbit Internet satellites produced in batches.
背景技术Background technique
近年来,全球低轨互联网星座领域发展迈入高峰期,以Iridium-Next、OneWeb、Starlink等星座为引领、“群雄逐鹿”抢占市场先发位置的态势凸显,行业已经迈入竞争淘汰的实质性阶段。为提升批产效率,低轨互联网卫星普遍采用模块化设计,基于单板或模块并行总装,卫星根据发射重量不同采用板架式或框架式承力结构。例如,以OneWeb为代表的小卫星(发射重量200kg)采用了板架式结构而非Iridium-Next卫星(发射重量860kg)的框架式结构,以提升结构使用效率。与框架式结构可以提供可靠稳定的装配基准不同,板架式卫星在结构分解、模块总装、对接集成等多种工况下,依靠结构板孔位精度及自身刚度,难以满足卫星总装所需的结构变形和形位精度要求,对卫星总装质量造成了不良影响,严重制约了卫星批产的效率。In recent years, the development of the global low-orbit Internet constellation field has entered a peak period. Led by Iridium-Next, OneWeb, Starlink and other constellations, the trend of "competing for the best" to seize the market's first-mover position has become prominent, and the industry has entered a substantial phase of competition and elimination. stage. In order to improve the efficiency of mass production, low-orbit Internet satellites generally adopt a modular design, based on the parallel assembly of single boards or modules, and the satellites adopt a plate-type or frame-type load-bearing structure according to different launch weights. For example, the small satellite represented by OneWeb (launch weight 200kg) adopts a plate-frame structure instead of the frame structure of the Iridium-Next satellite (launch weight 860kg) to improve the efficiency of structure use. Different from the frame-type structure, which can provide a reliable and stable assembly reference, the plate-type satellite is difficult to meet the requirements of the satellite assembly under various working conditions such as structural decomposition, module assembly, and docking integration, depending on the hole position accuracy of the structural plate and its own rigidity. Structural deformation and shape and position accuracy requirements have adversely affected the quality of the satellite assembly and severely restricted the efficiency of satellite mass production.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明解决的技术问题是:克服现有技术的不足,提出了一种板架式小卫星保型工装,该工装结构紧凑,满足卫星结构分解、模块总装、对接集成的总装全流程结构精度保持要求,同时设有载荷模块停放及翻转接口,与其他地面工装灵活兼容,便于实现工装功能扩展。The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, a panel-type small satellite shape-preserving tooling is proposed. The tooling has a compact structure and can meet the requirements of satellite structure decomposition, module assembly, and docking integration. At the same time, it is equipped with a load module parking and turning interface, which is flexible and compatible with other ground tooling, which is convenient for the expansion of tooling functions.
本发明所采用的技术方案是:一种板架式小卫星保型工装,包括:+Z板保型框、载荷+Y保型三角板、载荷-Y保型三角板、平台+Y保型三角板、平台-Y保型三角板、吊点;所述板架式小卫星包括载荷模块和平台模块,载荷模块设备安装在+Z结构板和+X结构板上,平台设备安装在-Z结构板和-X结构板上;为便于描述给出坐标系定义,原点O为-Z结构板的几何中心,Z轴沿原点O指向+Z结构板为正,X轴垂直指向+X结构板为正,Y轴与Z轴、X轴成右手系。The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a plate frame type small satellite shape-preserving tooling, comprising: +Z plate shape-preserving frame, load+Y shape-preserving triangle, load-Y shape-preserving triangle, platform+Y shape-preserving triangle, Platform-Y-guaranteed triangle plate and hanging point; the plate-frame small satellite includes a load module and a platform module, the load module equipment is installed on the +Z structural plate and the +X structural plate, and the platform equipment is installed on the -Z structural plate and - X structural plate; for the convenience of description, the coordinate system definition is given, the origin O is the geometric center of the -Z structural plate, the Z axis along the origin O points to the +Z structural plate is positive, the X axis vertically points to the +X structural plate is positive, Y The axis is right-handed with the Z axis and the X axis.
所述+Z板保型框包括主体框架、端部加强梁、翻转接口支架、中部加强梁,共同构成“日”字型封闭式传力结构。主体框架为一端开口的框-板复合结构,顶面+X侧端部设有2组安装接口与端部加强梁连接,±Y侧各设有两组安装接口与吊点连接,-X侧设有一组安装接口与翻转接口支架连接;底面4个角点位置设有安装接口与载荷模块停放工装连接,底面安装法兰设有安装孔与+Z结构板连接。端部加强梁为拱桥形框架结构,底部设有2组接口法兰与主体框架连接,+X侧端面中部设有翻转接口盘;主体框架另一侧安装有翻转接口支架,由三角形支撑支架与圆形接口盘组成,与端部加强梁翻转接口盘配同轴安装,设有接口与载荷模块翻转架车连接。中部加强梁为梳齿形结构,由管状结构梁和若干“凹字形”截面垫块组成,各垫块安装法兰设有接口与+Z结构板连接。The +Z plate shape-preserving frame includes a main frame, an end reinforcing beam, a flip interface bracket, and a middle reinforcing beam, which together form a "Sun"-shaped closed force transmission structure. The main frame is a frame-board composite structure with one end open. There are two sets of installation interfaces at the end of the top +X side to connect with the end reinforcement beams, and two sets of installation interfaces are set at the ±Y sides to connect to the hanging points. -X side There is a set of installation interfaces to connect with the flip interface bracket; the 4 corner positions of the bottom surface are provided with installation interfaces to connect with the load module parking tool, and the installation flange of the bottom surface is provided with installation holes to connect with the +Z structural plate. The end reinforcing beam is an arch bridge-shaped frame structure. There are two sets of interface flanges at the bottom to connect with the main frame. The middle of the +X side end face is provided with a flip interface plate; the other side of the main frame is installed with a flip interface bracket, which is connected by a triangle support bracket. It is composed of a circular interface plate, which is coaxially installed with the end reinforcement beam flip interface plate, and is provided with an interface to connect with the load module flip frame cart. The middle reinforcing beam is a comb-shaped structure, which is composed of a tubular structural beam and a number of "concave" section spacers. The mounting flange of each spacer block is provided with an interface to connect with the +Z structural plate.
所述载荷+Y保型三角板、载荷-Y保型三角板沿XOZ平面对称,采用直角型夹心结构,由对接板、后挡板中间铆接加强梁而成,直角位置设有三角形加强肋板增加结构刚度,设置把手便于总装操作;对接板安装法兰上设置一组安装接口,长边方向与载荷模块+Z结构板相连,短边方向与载荷模块+X结构板相连,用于载荷模块分解起吊、总装测试、运输转运及对接集成等工况下的精度保持。The load + Y shape-guaranteed triangle plate and load-Y shape-guaranteed triangle plate are symmetrical along the XOZ plane, and use right angles. The type sandwich structure is formed by riveting the reinforcing beam between the butt plate and the rear baffle. The triangular reinforcing rib plate is arranged at the right angle to increase the structural rigidity, and the handle is provided to facilitate the assembly operation. The load module + Z structure plate is connected, and the short side direction is connected to the load module + X structure plate, which is used for the accuracy maintenance under the conditions of load module disassembly and lifting, final assembly test, transportation and transfer and docking integration.
所述平台+Y保型三角板、平台-Y保型三角板沿XOZ平面对称,采用直角型夹心结构,由对接板、后挡板中间铆接加强梁而成,直角位置设有三角形加强肋板增加结构刚度,设置把手便于总装操作;对接板安装法兰上设置一组安装接口,长边方向与平台模块-Z结构板相连,短边方向与平台模块-X结构板相连,用于平台模块结构分解、总装测试、运输转运及对接集成等工况下的精度保持;长边中部设置“U字型”转接开口避让平台设备。The platform+Y-shaped triangle plate and the platform-Y-shaped triangle plate are symmetrical along the XOZ plane and adopt right angles. The type sandwich structure is formed by riveting the reinforcing beam between the butt plate and the rear baffle. The triangular reinforcing rib plate is arranged at the right angle to increase the structural rigidity, and the handle is provided to facilitate the assembly operation. The platform module-Z structural plate is connected, and the short side is connected to the platform module-X structural plate, which is used to maintain the accuracy of the platform module structure decomposition, final assembly test, transportation and docking integration, etc.; "Type" adapter opening to avoid platform equipment.
所述主体框架、端部加强梁、中部加强梁采用管材和板材焊接而成;载荷+Y保型三角板、载荷-Y保型三角板、平台+Y保型三角板、平台-Y保型三角板采用管材和板材铆接而成。The main frame, the end reinforcing beams, and the middle reinforcing beams are welded by pipes and plates; the load+Y-shaped triangle plates, the load-Y-shaped triangles, the platform+Y-shaped triangles, and the platform-Y-shaped triangles are made of pipes. Riveted to the plate.
本发明与现有技术相比优点在于:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)本发明的保型工装通过主体框架和端部加强梁、中部加强梁等结构件构成“日”字型封闭式传力结构,承载能力高,可较好的控制大重量载荷设备下的结构变形;(1) The shape-preserving tooling of the present invention forms a "Sun"-shaped closed force transmission structure through the main frame, end reinforcing beams, middle reinforcing beams and other structural parts, with high bearing capacity, and can better control equipment under heavy loads. structural deformation;
(2)本发明的保型工装的载荷及平台保型三角板采用管材+板材铆接夹心结构,设有三角形加强肋板,结构轻便、稳固,满足载荷模块与平台模块结构分解、模块总装、对接集成等工况下板间相对定位精度和结构复装精度要求;(2) The load of the form-preserving tooling and the platform form-preserving triangular plate of the present invention adopts a pipe + plate riveted sandwich structure, and is provided with a triangular reinforcing rib, which is light and stable in structure, and meets the structural decomposition, module assembly, and docking integration of the load module and the platform module. Requirements for relative positioning accuracy between plates and structural reassembly accuracy under other working conditions;
(3)本发明的保型工装设有起吊、停放、翻转接口,灵活兼容其他地面工装。除结构精度保持基本功能外,可实现载荷模块停放、运输转运、回转总装测试、起吊对接等多种使用工况的需求,极大提高了工装的通用性和扩展性,节约了地面工装研制成本。(3) The shape-preserving tooling of the present invention is provided with hoisting, parking and turning interfaces, and is flexibly compatible with other ground toolings. In addition to maintaining the basic functions of structural accuracy, it can meet the needs of various working conditions such as load module parking, transportation and transfer, rotary assembly testing, lifting and docking, etc., which greatly improves the versatility and expansibility of tooling and saves the development cost of ground tooling. .
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为保型工装的分解示意图(不含载荷模块);Figure 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of the conformal tooling (without load module);
图2为保型工装的组合示意图(含载荷模块);Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the conformal tooling (including the load module);
图3为+Z板保型框示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the +Z plate shape-preserving frame;
图4为载荷+Y保型三角板/载荷-Y保型三角板示意图;Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the load+Y shape-protecting triangle plate/load-Y shape-protecting triangle plate;
图5为平台+Y保型三角板/平台-Y保型三角板示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the platform + Y-guaranteed triangle/platform-Y-guaranteed triangle;
图6为载荷模块与停放工装对接示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the docking between the load module and the parking tool;
图7为载荷模块与翻转工装对接示意图;FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the docking between the load module and the overturning tool;
图8为载荷模块与平台模块分解/对接示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the disassembly/interconnection between the load module and the platform module.
具体实施实例Specific implementation example
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。为了叙述方便,为便于描述给出坐标系定义,原点O为卫星的-Z结构板的几何中心,Z轴沿原点O指向卫星的+Z结构板为正,X轴垂直指向卫星的+X结构板为正,Y轴与Z轴、X轴成右手系。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the convenience of description, the definition of the coordinate system is given for the convenience of description. The origin O is the geometric center of the -Z structural plate of the satellite, the Z-axis points to the +Z structural plate of the satellite along the origin O, and the X-axis points vertically to the +X structure of the satellite. The plate is positive, and the Y axis is right-handed with the Z axis and the X axis.
如图1、2所示,本发明的卫星载荷模块精度保持工装包括:+Z板保型框1、载荷+Y保型三角板2、载荷-Y保型三角板3、平台+Y保型三角板4、平台-Y保型三角板5、吊点6;板架式小卫星包括载荷模块和平台模块,载荷模块的设备安装在+Z结构板和+X结构板上,平台模块的设备安装在-Z结构板和-X结构板上。As shown in Figures 1 and 2 , the satellite load module accuracy maintenance tooling of the present invention includes: +Z plate shape retention frame 1, load+Y
如图3所示,+Z板保型框1包括主体框架101、端部加强梁102、翻转接口支架103、中部加强梁104,主体尺寸长×宽×高约为1500mm×1500mm×500mm;主体框架101为+X端开口的框-板复合结构,框板之间设有三角形小肋板增加结构刚度;+X侧端部顶面设有2组安装接口分别与端部加强梁102连接,±Y侧各设有两组安装接口与4个吊点6连接,-X侧设有一组安装接口与翻转接口支架103连接;底面4个角点位置设有安装接口与载荷模块停放工装连接,底面安装法兰设有安装孔与+Z结构板连接。As shown in FIG. 3 , the +Z plate conformal frame 1 includes a
端部加强梁102为拱桥型框架结构,底部设有2组接口法兰与主体框架101连接,+X侧端面中部设有翻转接口盘;主体框架101另一侧安装有翻转接口支架103,翻转接口支架103由三角形支撑支架与圆形接口盘组成,与端部加强梁102上的翻转接口盘同轴安装,设有接口与载荷模块翻转架车连接。The
中部加强梁104为梳齿形结构,由管状结构梁和若干“凹字形”截面的垫块组成,垫块高度为170mm满足星上电缆避让要求,各垫块安装法兰设有接口与+Z结构板连接。中部加强梁104安装在主体框架101中部,两端分别与主体框架101两侧相互平行的边框连接。The
如图4所示,载荷+Y保型三角板2、载荷-Y保型三角板3沿XOZ平面对称,采用直角型夹心结构,由对接板、后挡板中间铆接加强梁而成,主体尺寸长×宽×高约为900mm×550mm×60mm;直角位置设有三角形加强肋板增加结构刚度,加强肋板直角边尺寸200mm×150mm,既能确保结构刚度同时避免对总装操作空间造成影响,加强肋板斜边方向设置把手便于总装人员抓取;对接板安装法兰上设置一组安装接口,长边方向与+Z结构板相连,短边方向与+X结构板相连,用于载荷模块分解起吊、总装测试、运输转运及对接集成等工况下的精度保持。As shown in Figure 4, the load + Y
如图5所示,平台+Y保型三角板4、平台-Y保型三角板5沿XOZ平面对称,采用直角型夹心结构,由对接板、后挡板中间铆接加强梁而成,主体尺寸长×宽×高约为900mm×650mm×60mm;直角位置设有三角形加强肋板增加结构刚度,加强肋板直角边尺寸200mm×150mm,既能确保结构刚度同时避免对总装操作空间造成影响,加强肋板斜边方向设置把手便于总装人员抓取;对接板安装法兰上设置一组安装接口,长边方向与-Z结构板相连,短边方向与-X结构板相连,用于平台模块结构分解、总装测试、运输转运及对接集成等工况下的精度保持;长边中部设置“U字型”转接开口避让平台设备。As shown in Figure 5, the platform + Y shape-protecting
如图3、6、7所示,保型工装设有停放、翻转接口,兼容载荷模块停放架车、载荷模块翻转架车等地面工装,满足载荷模块停放、运输转运、回转总装测试等多种工况的使用需求,工装通用性和扩展性好。As shown in Figures 3, 6, and 7, the shape-preserving tooling has parking and turning interfaces, which are compatible with ground tooling such as load module parking racks, load module turning racks, etc. The use requirements of working conditions, tooling versatility and scalability are good.
如图8所示,为提升卫星批产效率,卫星采用模块化设计并行总装。首先,将卫星结构分解为载荷模块(包括+Z结构板和+X结构板)及平台模块(包括-Z结构板和-X结构板);之后,按模块并行开展总装、集成与测试工作;完成后,将载荷模块与平台模块重新对接集成为卫星整体。在卫星载荷模块与平台模块结构分解、模块总装、对接集成工况下,需要重点解决结构板变形和相对位置精度保持问题,保型工装使用步骤如下(模块对接过程按逆序进行):As shown in Figure 8, in order to improve the efficiency of satellite batch production, the satellite adopts a modular design and is assembled in parallel. First, the satellite structure is decomposed into load modules (including +Z structural plates and +X structural plates) and platform modules (including -Z structural plates and -X structural plates); after that, the general assembly, integration and testing work are carried out in parallel according to the modules; After completion, the payload module and the platform module are re-docked and integrated into the satellite as a whole. Under the conditions of structural decomposition, module assembly, and docking integration between the satellite load module and the platform module, it is necessary to focus on solving the problems of structural plate deformation and relative position accuracy maintenance. The steps for using the shape-preserving tooling are as follows (the module docking process is performed in reverse order):
首先,将+Z板保型框1与载荷模块+Z结构板连接,主体框架101、端部加强梁102和中部加强梁104共同构成“日”字型封闭式传力结构,减小+Z结构板安装大重量载荷设备下的结构变形。采取上述措施后,可实现卫星起吊、停放等工况下天线安装区域结构相对变形量≤0.2mm,满足天线安装变形要求;First, connect the +Z plate shape-preserving frame 1 to the load module +Z structural plate, the
其次,拆除卫星+Y侧结构板,换装载荷+Y保型三角板2、平台+Y保型三角板4,同理拆除卫星-Y侧结构板,换装载荷-Y保型三角板3、平台-Y保型三角板5,依靠保型三角板的结构刚度,在载荷模块、平台模块±Y侧连接成稳固的近三角形承力结构,保证载荷模块+Z结构板和+X结构板、平台模块-Z结构板和-X结构板间的相对定位精度,同时满足载荷模块与平台模块分解及对接前后的结构变形和复装精度要求。采取上述措施后,可保持载荷模块+Z结构板和+X结构板、平台模块-Z结构板和-X结构板间垂直度≤0.2mm,同时实现结构分解及对接前后结构板变形量≤0.2mm,各方向的位置变化量≤0.2mm,满足模块结构板间相对定位精度、卫星结构变形及复装精度要求;Next, remove the satellite + Y side structural plate, replace the load + Y-shaped
第三,在吊点6位置连接吊具,拆除载荷模块与平台模块结构连接,沿+Z方向起吊分解载荷模块,将载荷模块与平台模块分别与其他工装对接,并行开展总装工作。Third, connect the spreader at the
本发明的保型工装采用成熟的原材料和加工工艺。主体框架101、端部加强梁102、中部加强梁104等承力较大部件采用管材和板材焊接而成,实现良好的结构刚度,更好的控制+Z结构板的变形;载荷+Y保型三角板2、载荷-Y保型三角板3、平台+Y保型三角板4、平台-Y保型三角板5等部件用于保持结构相对位置精度,承载较轻,考虑整体美观性和轻便性,采用管材和板材铆接而成,单块重量在3.5kg左右,便于总装人员安装操作。The shape-preserving tooling of the present invention adopts mature raw materials and processing technology. The
本发明说明书中未作详细描述的内容属本领域技术人员的公知技术。The content not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.
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