CN113427152B - Rapid layout method for 3D standard parts - Google Patents
Rapid layout method for 3D standard parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113427152B CN113427152B CN202110771246.9A CN202110771246A CN113427152B CN 113427152 B CN113427152 B CN 113427152B CN 202110771246 A CN202110771246 A CN 202110771246A CN 113427152 B CN113427152 B CN 113427152B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- layout
- tail
- operating according
- pipe fitting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Factory Administration (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automation, in particular to a rapid layout method for 3D standard parts, which comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the length of a pipe fitting and parameters of various parts in different types in a part pool in advance; group optimization: preferably a greater number of parts of the same type, judging whether the number of parts in the type can be fully arranged on the pipe fitting; if yes, optimizing operation according to the tail; if not, the operation is carried out according to the scattered parts; tail optimization: optimizing the tail of the stock layout by adopting the idea of reverse sequence dynamic programming; and (3) arranging scattered parts: and rapidly arranging samples by adopting a greedy algorithm idea, outputting the arranged samples and ending. The scheme solves the problems that the traditional 3D layout algorithm is low in efficiency and cannot process a large number of standard parts, and can save materials and improve processing efficiency under the condition of large-scale data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automation, in particular to a rapid layout method for 3D standard parts.
Background
Laser cutting is to irradiate a workpiece with a focused high power density laser beam to rapidly melt, vaporize, ablate or reach a fire point, while blowing away molten material with a high velocity gas stream coaxial with the beam to effect cutting of the workpiece. Laser cutting equipment typically employs Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) devices. With this device, the cutting data can be received from a Computer Aided Design (CAD) workstation using a telephone line. The problem of layout has been an important and difficult problem in the field of laser cutting. Particularly for 3D parts, an effective layout method can greatly improve the utilization rate of materials, reduce the production cost and ensure the quality of workpieces.
The 3D layout problem is essentially a combinatorial optimization problem that requires us to assign parts to tubing in a sequence and arrange the layout reasonably so that the utility of the tubing container is maximized. However, the conventional layout method often takes more time when facing a large number of parts, and the layout accuracy is not enough. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fast stock-saving layout for 3D standard parts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art, provides a rapid layout method for 3D standard parts, and solves the problems that the traditional 3D layout algorithm is low in efficiency and cannot process a large number of standard parts.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a rapid proofing method for 3D standard parts, comprising the steps of:
step (1) pretreatment: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the length of a pipe fitting and parameters of various parts in different types in a part pool in advance;
and (3) optimizing the groups in the step (2): preferably selecting the most number of parts of the same type, and judging whether the number of the parts in the type can be fully arranged on the pipe fitting; if yes, operating according to the step (3); if not, operating according to the step (4);
tail optimization in the step (3): optimizing the tail of the stock layout by adopting the idea of reverse sequence dynamic programming;
step (4) arranging scattered parts: and rapidly arranging samples by adopting a greedy algorithm idea, outputting the arranged samples and ending.
Further, the method also comprises a step (5) of removing parts in groups, and the parts processed in the step (3) are continuously operated according to the step (2).
Further, the tail optimization in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
a. judging whether local optimization is carried out, if so, operating according to the step b; if not, operating according to the step c;
b. calculating the loss after the current part is discharged, discarding the tail part of the original layout, adding a new part, and calculating whether the loss is reduced; if yes, recording a new layout; if not, the step a is circulated;
c. judging whether the stock layout needs to be updated, if so, outputting a new stock layout and ending; if not, outputting the original stock layout and ending.
Further, the local optimization in the step a is specifically to judge whether the original layout scheme has parts which can be discarded.
Further, the loss in step b is specifically the number of remainders of the pipe under the current stock layout scheme.
Further, the step (4) of discharging the scattered parts comprises the following steps:
a. judging whether the current layout scheme exceeds the total length of the pipe fitting, if so, operating according to the step (3); if not, operating according to the step b;
b. discharging the parts most fitting the angle of the front part, and cycling step a.
Further, in the step b, the part most matching the angle of the front part, specifically, searching a residual part pool, and searching a part closest to the right inclination angle of the front part; if the pattern layout is empty, the angle is set to 0 ° when no front part is present.
Advantageous effects
The rapid layout method for the 3D standard parts solves the problems that the traditional 3D layout algorithm is low in efficiency and cannot process a large number of standard parts, and can save materials and improve processing efficiency under the condition of large-scale data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a rapid prototyping method for 3D master parts according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a tail optimization flow chart of a rapid layout method for 3D standard parts according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a rapid layout method for 3D standard parts according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. The described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a rapid prototyping method for a 3D master part includes the steps of:
step (1) pretreatment: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the length of a pipe fitting and the parameters of various parts in a part pool in advance (the parameters comprise the length of the parts, the left-right inclination angle and the number of the parts);
and (3) optimizing the groups in the step (2): preferably selecting the most number of parts of the same type, and judging whether the number of the parts in the type can be fully arranged on the pipe fitting; if yes, operating according to the step (3); if not, operating according to the step (4);
tail optimization in the step (3): optimizing the tail of the stock layout by adopting the idea of reverse sequence dynamic programming;
step (4) arranging scattered parts: and rapidly arranging samples by adopting a greedy algorithm idea, outputting the arranged samples and ending.
The scheme also comprises a step (5) of removing parts in groups, and the parts processed in the step (3) are continuously operated according to the step (2). This step is used to deal with this situation because after group optimization, some parts may be deleted from the pool of remaining parts and some parts may be added to the pool of remaining parts from the discharged pipe.
In this embodiment, as a specific description of step (2), the following is given:
the layout may involve many types of parts that may be pre-processed before entering the algorithm to reduce the time complexity.
Firstly, since these parts are of the same type, the front-to-back splice arrangement minimizes local losses, so we splice these same types of parts back-to-forth (requiring recording of the state of each part flipped back-and-forth and rotated left-to-right) until one pipe or part of that type is used up, i.e.:
(1) The same type of materials are many, and one pipe is not arranged down;
(2) The same type of material is less, and one pipe is discharged without being used.
For case (1), we will perform tail optimization for the layout at this point (see step (3)).
For case (2), we can look the parts as single parts for subsequent single part patterning (see step (4)) to further improve the accuracy of the results.
Thus, the preliminary pretreatment can lead us to have a better initial solution, reduce the iteration times and compress the solution space.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the tail optimization in step (3) includes the following steps:
a. judging whether local optimization is carried out, if so, operating according to the step b; if not, operating according to the step c; the local optimization is specifically to judge whether the original layout scheme has parts which can be discarded;
b. calculating the loss after the current part is discharged, discarding the tail part of the original layout, adding a new part, and calculating whether the loss is reduced; if yes, recording a new layout; if not, the step a is circulated; the loss is specifically the number of the remainder of the pipe fitting under the current layout scheme;
c. judging whether the stock layout needs to be updated, if so, outputting a new stock layout and ending; if not, outputting the original stock layout and ending.
As a specific description of step (3), the following is given:
for the preliminary scheme obtained in the step (2) that the materials of the same type in the case (1) are many and one pipe is not arranged, the tail of the arrangement is optimized by adopting the idea of reverse dynamic programming so as to improve the utilization rate.
Specifically, we start with the last part that has been lined up, try to drain into other candidate parts with the part removed, replace the part if the utilization increases, otherwise continue searching for other parts until all parts are considered. Next, we will consider removing the penultimate part, searching for a more suitable part among the candidate parts until the total length of the parts considered to be removed is greater than the longest one of the candidate parts.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the step (4) of arranging the scattered parts includes the following steps:
a. judging whether the current layout scheme exceeds the total length of the pipe fitting, if so, operating according to the step (3); if not, operating according to the step b;
b. discharging the parts most fitting the angle of the front part, and cycling step a. The part most fitting the angle of the front part is specifically a part which is closest to the right inclination angle of the front part is searched for by searching a residual part pool; if the pattern layout is empty, the angle is set to 0 ° when no front part is present.
As a specific description of step (4), the following is given:
c. we choose the greedy idea, quick stock. For the case (2) of step 2, where there is less material of the same type, one tube is already drained without any use, and the discrete parts obtained are always selected to drain the tube with the part closest to the right tilt angle of the front part (0 ° tilt angle without front part) until the drain is full. And then, carrying out the optimized layout tail part of the step 3 on the pipe until all parts are completely discharged. In general, the rapid prototyping method is capable of handling large numbers of 3D parts very well, with very high speeds.
Experiments prove that the rapid stock layout algorithm can finish the stock layout of tens of thousands of standard parts in 3ms, and the stock layout scheme is greatly improved compared with the traditional scheme.
This example considers 5 different types of parts, the experimental part parameters are as in table 1:
TABLE 1 experimental part parameters
The efficiency of rapid prototyping was considered for parts of different orders of magnitude and the results of some experiments are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 results of partial experiments
In the case of small orders of magnitude, the quick layout is not far from the traditional method, such as in the second set 2302, both methods have 341 tubes. Along with the gradual increase of the orders of magnitude, the rapid stock layout has faster stock layout speed and better precision, for example, in the fourth group 32001 of part stock layout experiments, the rapid stock layout obtains 1508 pipe stock layouts within 3 ms; however, the traditional method needs 1554 pipes for layout and needs about 3 s. The scheme solves the problems that the traditional 3D layout algorithm is low in efficiency and cannot process a large number of standard parts. In general, rapid prototyping can save materials and improve processing efficiency with large-scale data.
The above description is for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principle of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A rapid proofing method for a 3D master part, comprising:
step (1) pretreatment: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the length of a pipe fitting and parameters of various parts in different types in a part pool in advance;
and (3) optimizing the groups in the step (2): preferably selecting the most number of parts of the same type, and judging whether the number of the parts in the type can be fully arranged on the pipe fitting; if yes, operating according to the step (3); if not, operating according to the step (4);
tail optimization in the step (3): optimizing the tail of the stock layout by adopting the idea of reverse sequence dynamic programming;
step (4) arranging scattered parts: adopting greedy algorithm idea to rapidly arrange samples, outputting the arranged samples and ending;
the method also comprises the step (5) of removing parts in groups, and continuously operating the parts treated in the step (3) according to the step (2);
the tail optimization in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
step (3-1) judging whether local optimization is carried out, if so, operating according to step (3-2); if not, operating according to the step (3-3); the local optimization is specifically to judge whether the original stock layout scheme has parts which can be discarded;
step (3-2) calculating the loss after the current part is discharged, discarding the tail part of the original layout, adding a new part, and calculating whether the loss is reduced; if yes, recording a new layout; if not, the step (3-1) is circulated; the loss is specifically the number of the remainder of the pipe fitting under the current layout scheme;
step (3-3) judges whether the stock layout needs to be updated, if so, a new stock layout is output and ended; if not, outputting the original stock layout and ending;
the step (4) of discharging scattered parts comprises the following steps:
step (4-1) judging whether the current layout scheme exceeds the total length of the pipe fitting, if so, operating according to the step (3); if not, operating according to the step (4-2);
step (4-2) arranging parts most fitting the angles of the front parts, and circulating the step a; the part most fitting the angle of the front part is specifically a part which is closest to the right inclination angle of the front part is searched for by searching a residual part pool; if the pattern layout is empty, the angle is set to 0 ° when no front part is present.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110771246.9A CN113427152B (en) | 2021-07-07 | 2021-07-07 | Rapid layout method for 3D standard parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110771246.9A CN113427152B (en) | 2021-07-07 | 2021-07-07 | Rapid layout method for 3D standard parts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113427152A CN113427152A (en) | 2021-09-24 |
| CN113427152B true CN113427152B (en) | 2023-12-19 |
Family
ID=77759507
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110771246.9A Active CN113427152B (en) | 2021-07-07 | 2021-07-07 | Rapid layout method for 3D standard parts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113427152B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114700635A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-05 | 新代科技(苏州)有限公司 | Simple close-packed processing method based on laser pipe cutting |
| CN117172473A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-12-05 | 晞德求索(北京)科技有限公司 | One-dimensional blanking method and device based on dynamic allocation |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003071580A (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-11 | Murata Mach Ltd | Plate material nesting cutting line preparation device and method |
| CN102023611A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-04-20 | 广东工业大学 | Seeking route plan optimizing method of laser cutting machine |
| CN104820867A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-specification plate-oriented rectangular part layout method |
| CN108817695A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-16 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser cutting method, device and digital control system |
| CN108857092A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-23 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | It is cut by laser paths planning method, device, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN110598893A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-12-20 | 山东大学 | Multi-specification part layout method and system |
| CN110648031A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-03 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Energy router optimal operation scheduling method based on reverse order dynamic programming |
| CN110732788A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-31 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | method and device for improving utilization rate of laser processing round piece |
| CN112418530A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 上海维宏电子科技股份有限公司 | Method, system, device, processor and storage medium for realizing layout optimization processing of pipe parts in pipe cutting process |
-
2021
- 2021-07-07 CN CN202110771246.9A patent/CN113427152B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003071580A (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-11 | Murata Mach Ltd | Plate material nesting cutting line preparation device and method |
| CN102023611A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-04-20 | 广东工业大学 | Seeking route plan optimizing method of laser cutting machine |
| CN104820867A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-specification plate-oriented rectangular part layout method |
| CN108817695A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-16 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser cutting method, device and digital control system |
| CN108857092A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-23 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | It is cut by laser paths planning method, device, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN110598893A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-12-20 | 山东大学 | Multi-specification part layout method and system |
| CN110648031A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-03 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Energy router optimal operation scheduling method based on reverse order dynamic programming |
| CN110732788A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-31 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | method and device for improving utilization rate of laser processing round piece |
| CN112418530A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 上海维宏电子科技股份有限公司 | Method, system, device, processor and storage medium for realizing layout optimization processing of pipe parts in pipe cutting process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113427152A (en) | 2021-09-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113427152B (en) | Rapid layout method for 3D standard parts | |
| Asokan et al. | Machining parameters optimisation for turning cylindrical stock into a continuous finished profile using genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA) | |
| Senthilkumar et al. | Parametric optimization of electrochemical machining of Al/15% SiCp composites using NSGA-II | |
| CN111105069B (en) | Numerical control machining process parameter optimization method, device, system and computer equipment | |
| CN1241074C (en) | Method for controlling states of units of equipment in semiconductor fabricating equipment controlling system | |
| Hajad et al. | Laser cutting path optimization using simulated annealing with an adaptive large neighborhood search | |
| JPWO2006137120A1 (en) | Processing process generator | |
| CN115981615B (en) | G code generation method integrating language model and knowledge graph and related equipment | |
| Jabri et al. | Multi-objective optimization using genetic algorithms of multi-pass turning process | |
| EP4139759A1 (en) | Optimal tool configuration for manufacturing a workpiece | |
| CN111753400A (en) | Molten pool temperature control method in laser cladding forming | |
| CN101249579A (en) | Punch machine program generating device, recording medium storing a program for generating a punch machine program, and wire-cut electric discharge machine | |
| JP5309354B2 (en) | Search method for high-speed pattern matching device | |
| CN115981262B (en) | IMOEA-based hydraulic cylinder part workshop production scheduling method | |
| CN104890236B (en) | The Stereo Lithography Apparatus Rapid Prototyping scanning pattern sort method of 3D printing | |
| CN102354149A (en) | Post-processing method of cutter location file generated by programming based on STIL (Standard Template Library) format model | |
| Steenbeek et al. | Finding balanced graph bi-partitions using a hybrid genetic algorithm | |
| CN110727245A (en) | Auxiliary support layout optimization method for blade machining elastic deformation control | |
| CN115700647A (en) | Workshop flexible operation scheduling method based on tabu search genetic algorithm | |
| CN1027324C (en) | Program supporting method and the system thereof | |
| CN111242803A (en) | Fan arrangement method and device based on multi-population genetic algorithm | |
| JPWO2021111511A1 (en) | Search device, search program and plasma processing device | |
| CN116149258B (en) | Numerical control machine tool code generation method based on multi-mode information and related equipment | |
| CN115816158B (en) | Random angle switching processing control system and non-standard angle switching processing method for complex parts | |
| CN115351781B (en) | Method and equipment for generating grinding and polishing path of industrial robot based on solidworks |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |