CN113426430A - Intelligent oil-water separation material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent oil-water separation material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0259—Compounds of N, P, As, Sb, Bi
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent oil-water separation material and a preparation method and application thereof. The intelligent oil-water separation material S-BiOBr @ MS is prepared by growing BiOBr crystals in situ on melamine sponge MS in a stirring mode, further modifying perfluorooctanoic acid, and using 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane as an adhesive. The preparation method is simple, complex equipment and excessive energy consumption are not needed, and the synthesized material has super-hydrophobicity-super-lipophilicity, pH responsiveness and excellent mechanical stability, and has strong adsorption capacity on various oils and organic solvents and high oil-water separation efficiency. The material after alkali treatment can be converted into super-hydrophilic-underwater super-oleophobic property, and can efficiently degrade various water-soluble pollutants by photocatalysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent oil-water separation material prepared by an in-situ synthesis method and multifunctional application thereof, in particular to a general method for preparing the intelligent oil-water separation material by in-situ growth of crystals on sponge and surface modification of a substrate material, belonging to the technical field of materials.
Background
The frequent occurrence of oil leakage accidents and the increase of industrial wastewater containing organic pollutants cause serious water pollution and pose great threat to the sustainable development of human beings. Therefore, it is of far-reaching interest to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly method for the treatment and recovery of oil contaminants. Many traditional oil-water separation methods, such as chemical methods, in-situ combustion methods, bioremediation methods, membrane separation methods and the like, still have the problems of complex treatment, low efficiency, high cost, secondary pollution and the like. In addition, the industrial wastewater has complex components, and not only contains various oils, but also contains water-soluble dyes. Therefore, it is necessary and important to design multifunctional materials that can eliminate various contaminants in water at the same time in industrial applications.
Compared with the traditional oil-water separation material, the super-wetting material has the advantages of energy conservation, simple operation, high separation efficiency, wide application range and the like, and is widely applied to the field of oil-water separation in recent years. The super-hydrophobic-super-oleophilic material and the super-hydrophilic-underwater super-oleophobic material belong to super-wetting materials and can be used for dealing with different types of oil-water pollutants, and the super-hydrophobic-super-oleophilic material belongs to an oil removing material and can completely repel water and allow an oil phase to freely permeate, so that efficient oil-water separation is realized. The super-hydrophilic-underwater super-oleophobic material belongs to a water removal material, can be completely infiltrated by water, further repels an oil phase, and realizes efficient oil-water separation. However, most "water removal" materials do not remove large amounts of water soluble contaminants from wastewater and do not meet practical water purification requirements. The photocatalytic technology is an effective way to solve the problem of water pollution by inducing redox reaction to degrade pollutants.
The ability of "smart" oil-water separation materials to switch between hydrophobic and hydrophilic in response to external stimuli (e.g., temperature, pH, electric field, light, etc.) has attracted considerable attention. These responsive materials are more suitable for building highly controllable simplified separation devices suitable for handling complex conditions while reducing energy consumption, and pH responsive materials are most widely studied for their rapid response compared to other stimuli responsive oil and water separation materials. Therefore, it is very desirable to develop a multifunctional oil-water separation material having switchable surface wettability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an intelligent oil-water separation material, which has the advantages of simple synthesis process, wide application range, good stability and strong durability. The intelligent oil-water separation material has switchable super-wetting performance, extremely high oil absorption performance, extremely high oil-water separation capacity, extremely high mechanical stability, photocatalytic pollutant degradation performance and good recycling capacity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an intelligent oil-water separation material is an intelligent oil-water separation material S-BiOBr @ MS prepared by growing BiOBr crystals in situ on Melamine Sponge (MS) in a stirring mode, further modifying perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and using 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-540) as an adhesive.
A preparation method of an intelligent oil-water separation material comprises the following steps:
1) adding bismuth nitrate pentahydrate into a mixed solution of deionized water and glycerol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min, and stirring at room temperature until the solution is clear and transparent to obtain a solution A; dissolving potassium bromide in deionized water, and stirring until the potassium bromide is completely dissolved to obtain a solution B;
2) immersing melamine sponge MS into the solution B to enable the sponge to completely absorb the solution B, then dropwise adding the remaining solution B into the solution A, simultaneously transferring the sponge absorbing the solution B into the solution A, stirring for 1h, and aging for 3h at room temperature; after the reaction is finished, the sponge is taken out, washed by water and ethanol and dried to obtain a BiOBr crystal growing in situ on the melamine sponge MS, and the BiOBr @ MS is synthesized;
3) dissolving perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-540) in absolute ethyl alcohol, activating under stirring to obtain a modification liquid, soaking BiOBr @ MS in the modification liquid, taking out, and drying to obtain a target product S-BiOBr @ MS.
Further, in the above preparation method, in step 1), the volume ratio of the deionized water to the glycerol is 1: 2.
Further, in the above-mentioned production method, step 1), the concentration of bismuth nitrate in the solution A is 33.3 mmol.L-1。
Further, in the above-mentioned production method, step 1), the potassium bromide concentration in the solution B is 33.3 mmol.L-1。
Further, in the above preparation method, step 1), bismuth nitrate and potassium bromide are mixed in a molar ratio of 1: 1.
Further, in the above preparation method, step 3), the activation is performed at 60 ℃ for 1 hour.
Further, in the above-mentioned production method, step 3), the concentration of the perfluorooctanoic acid in the modifying solution is 0.08mol · L-1The concentration of the 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is 0.042 mol.L-1。
Further, in the above preparation method, step 3), the soaking is carried out at 60 ℃ for 4 hours.
The invention provides an application of an intelligent oil-water separation material in oil adsorption, which comprises the following steps: adding intelligent oil-water separation material into the oil-water mixture for adsorption.
The invention provides an application of an intelligent oil-water separation material in oil-water separation, which comprises the following steps: filtering the oil-water mixture with an intelligent oil-water separation material or an intelligent oil-water separation material subjected to alkali treatment, and performing gravity separation and pump separation.
The invention provides an application of an intelligent oil-water separation material in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.
Further, the method is as follows: adding an intelligent oil-water separation material or an intelligent oil-water separation material subjected to alkali treatment into the wastewater containing the organic pollutants for photocatalytic degradation.
Further, the organic contaminants are rhodamine B, methylene blue, and tetracycline hydrochloride.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the melamine sponge is used as a substrate material, the BiOBr crystal grows on the sponge in situ, so that the surface roughness of the substrate material is improved, the photocatalytic degradation capability is introduced, the overall surface energy of the material is reduced after the material is modified by the perfluoro caprylic acid, and the 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane is used as a stable adhesive, so that the mechanical stability of the material is enhanced, the multifunctional intelligent oil-water separation material is constructed, and the multifunctional intelligent oil-water separation material can be widely used for various industries such as collection of floating oil, oil-water separation and photocatalytic degradation of pollutants.
2. The preparation method is simple, the production cost is low, complex equipment and harsh experimental conditions are not needed, the synthetic material has high adsorption efficiency on oils and organic solvents, and the problems of crude oil leakage, oil spill collection and the like can be solved under the low-cost condition.
3. The intelligent oil-water separation material prepared by the invention has super-hydrophobicity-super-lipophilicity, the wettability of the material after alkali treatment can be switched, the super-hydrophilicity-underwater super-lipophobicity is realized, the two materials can be used for oil-water separation, and the separation efficiency is extremely high.
4. The intelligent oil-water separation material prepared by the invention has excellent mechanical stability and strong recycling capability, and can be applied to various extreme conditions.
5. The intelligent oil-water separation material prepared by the invention can be used for photocatalytic degradation of various water-soluble pollutants after alkali treatment, and has high degradation efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of MS, BiOBr @ MS and S-BiOBr @ MS; wherein, (a 1-a 3) is SEM picture of original MS sponge; (b 1-b 3) is a SEM picture of the BiOBr @ MS material; (c 1-c 3) is an SEM picture of the S-BiOBr @ MS material.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the wetting performance of sponges with different degrees of modification; wherein (a) is MS; (b) is BiOBr @ MS; (c) is MS modified with perfluorooctanoic acid; (d) is S-BiOBr @ MS (inset as a specific contact angle value); (e) is a photograph of the S-BiOBr @ MS material immersed in water.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of various droplets on S-BiOBr @ MS; wherein (a) is a photograph of a drop of water on S-BiOBr @ MS; (b) is a photograph of a plurality of liquid droplets on an S-BiOBr @ MS; (c) is a photograph of water droplets at pH 13 and pH 7 on S-BiOBr @ MS; (d) is a photograph of the base treated S-BiOBr @ MS underwater oil droplets.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the selective adsorption of S-BiOBr @ MS on oils of different densities in a mixture of oil and water; wherein (a-c) is the selective adsorption process of the material to the light oil; and (d-f) is a selective adsorption process of the material to the heavy oil.
FIG. 5 is a graph of saturated adsorption capacity and adsorption-desorption cycle for S-BiOBr @ MS material for different oils and organic solvents; wherein, (a) is a bar graph of saturated adsorption capacity of the material to different oils and organic solvents; (b) is a cyclic graph of adsorption-desorption of different oils and organic solvents by the material.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a specific application device for oil-water separation of an S-BiOBr @ MS material; wherein (a 1-a 2) is S-BiOBr @ MS material used for gravity separation of (heavy oil/water) oil-water mixture; (b) the S-BiOBr @ MS material is used for pump separation of a (light oil/water) oil-water mixture; (c 1-c 2) is the S-BiOBr @ MS material treated by alkali and used for gravity separation of (light oil/water) oil-water mixture; (d) is an alkali treated S-BiOBr @ MS material used for pump separation of (heavy oil/water) oil-water mixture.
FIG. 7 is a graph of mechanical stability experiment of S-BiOBr @ MS material; wherein, (a) a mechanical wear test; (b) performing a tensile test; (c) torsion experiment; (d) performing a pressing experiment; (e) water impact experiments.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the photocatalytic degradation energy of base-treated S-BiOCl @ MS for three contaminants; wherein, (a1) and (a2) are photos of devices before and after photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B; (a3) is the photodegradation curve of the material to rhodamine B; (b1) (b2) is a photo of a device before and after photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue; (b3) is the photodegradation curve of the material to methylene blue; (c1) (c2) is a photo of equipment before and after photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride; (c3) is a graph of the photodegradation of the material to tetracycline hydrochloride.
FIG. 9 is a preparation of S-BiOBr @ MS material by in situ synthesis and its multifunctional applications.
Detailed Description
Example 1 Intelligent oil-water separation Material S-BiOBr @ MS
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) 0.0485g of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate is weighed and added into a mixed solution of 10mL of deionized water and 20mL of glycerol, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 10min, and the solution is further stirred at room temperature until the solution is clear and transparent, so as to obtain a solution A.
0.0119g of potassium bromide was weighed and dissolved in 30mL of deionized water, and stirred until completely dissolved, to obtain solution B.
2) A1 cm by 1cm melamine sponge MS was immersed in the solution B so that the sponge completely absorbed the solution B.
Then, the remaining solution B was added dropwise to the solution a with a dropper while stirring, and simultaneously, MS saturated and adsorbed with the solution B was transferred to the solution a, stirred for 1 hour, and then aged at room temperature for 3 hours. After the reaction is finished, the sponge is taken out, washed once by water and washed once by ethanol, and then dried for 12 hours at 60 ℃ to realize the in-situ growth of BiOBr on MS, so that BiOBr @ MS is synthesized.
3) Dissolving 1g of perfluorooctanoic acid and 225 mu L of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane in 30mL of ethanol, and activating at 60 ℃ for 1h to obtain a modification solution. A piece of BiOBr @ MS is immersed in the modification solution and soaked for 4 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃. And (3) after the reaction is finished, taking out the sponge, and drying at 60 ℃ overnight to prepare the super-hydrophobic-super-oleophilic S-BiOBr @ MS.
(II) detection
1. The microscopic morphologies of MS, BiOBr @ MS, and S-BiOBr @ MS were observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
As shown in figure 1, (a 1-a 3), (b 1-b 3) and (c 1-c 3) are the microscopic morphologies of the structures of MS, BiOBr @ MS and S-BiOBr @ MS materials respectively, and the original framework structure of the MS is maintained by two-step modification observed by a low-power SEM (the scale is 500 mu m), which proves that the pore structure of the MS cannot be damaged by mild reaction conditions. In FIG. 1, (a2), (a3) are MS topographies (50 μm, 10 μm on the scale), and it can be found that the surface of the unmodified MS skeleton is smooth. As shown in fig. 1 (b2), (b3), the MS skeleton generates a uniform layer of protrusions, which makes the surface rough. As clearly shown in (c2) and (c3) of figure 1, the surface of the sponge skeleton decorated by PFOA and KH-540 is more obviously raised and still uniformly distributed.
2. The wetting performance of the intelligent oil-water separation material is observed and characterized by utilizing the penetration condition and the contact angle of liquid drops, and the contact angle of the intelligent oil-water separation material is measured by using a KRUSS optical contact angle measuring instrument DSA100 to characterize the surface wetting performance of the intelligent oil-water separation material.
As shown in fig. 2, (a) to (d) are sponge wettability contrasts (water drops are dyed with methylene blue, pH 7) of different degrees of modification, respectively, and e is a photograph of the S-BiOBr @ MS material immersed in water. The MS itself is hydrophilic and the water droplets will penetrate instantaneously into the sponge (a in fig. 2) after contacting the MS surface. After the BiOBr grows on the sponge in situ, the BiOBr @ MS still shows extremely strong hydrophilicity, because a large number of hydroxyl groups exist on the surface of the BiOBr crystal, hydrogen bonds are easily formed with water molecules, and water drops are instantly flattened after contacting the surface of the BiOBr crystal (b in figure 2). When MS is directly modified by PFOA, the surface energy of the material is reduced, the material has certain hydrophobicity, a water drop is hemispherical, and the contact angle is 137 degrees (c in figure 2). The wetting property of the S-BiOBr @ MS material is shown as d in figure 2, a water drop is spherical on the surface of the material without diffusion, the contact angle is 157 degrees, and the material is super-hydrophobic. When the S-BiOBr @ MS material is completely immersed in water, due to the fact that the material is super-hydrophobic, a layer of air film can be formed on the interface between the sponge and the water, and the layer of air film covers the whole material, so that a water phase cannot enter the material (e in figure 2).
As shown in fig. 3 a, a water drop with pH 7 stands on the surface of the S-BiOBr @ MS material in a complete sphere shape. As shown in fig. 3 b, many droplets (milk, fruit tea, water, coffee, green tea) did not penetrate inside the S-BiOBr @ MS material, and remained intact spherical. As shown in fig. 3 c, water droplets with pH 13 gradually penetrate into the S-BiOBr @ MS material, while water droplets with pH 7 are still repelled. In fig. 3 d shows that the base treated S-BiOBr @ MS material, immersed in water with oil droplets repelled from the material, has an oil contact angle of up to 151 deg.. The results show that the prepared S-BiOBr @ MS material has pH response capability and can be intelligently switched from super-hydrophobic to super-oleophilic to super-hydrophilic to underwater super-oleophobic wettability.
3. The oil-absorbing material performance can be evaluated using the adsorption amount, which can be measured by the following procedure. Weighing the S-BiOBr @ MS sample, then putting the sample into different types of oils and organic solvents for adsorption test, then taking out the sample, wiping off the oils and organic solvents on the surface by using filter paper, and then weighing the oil absorption sample again. The adsorption capacity (Q) is calculated by the following equation:
Q＝(mt-m0)/m0wherein m is0And mtRespectively, the weight of the sample before and after adsorption.
Example 2 application of Intelligent oil-water separation Material S-BiOBr @ MS in separation of oil-water mixture
1. In order to examine the practical application of the intelligent oil-water separation material in collecting the oil spill, the situation that the oil is separated from the oil-water mixture under natural conditions is simulated. The results of the selective adsorption experiments using n-hexane (light oil, sudan III stain) and chloroform (heavy oil, sudan iv stain) mixed with water are shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 4 (a) - (c), n-hexane has a low density, and when the material is in contact with the water above the water phase, n-hexane is rapidly absorbed into the sponge, so that static separation of n-hexane from water is realized.
In contrast, as shown in fig. 4 (d) to (f), since chloroform is deposited below the aqueous phase due to its high density, when the material comes into contact with chloroform, chloroform is rapidly sucked into the material, and static separation of chloroform from water is achieved. The oil absorbed in the material is collected in a simple extrusion mode, the separation of the oil from water is realized, no red pollutant is observed in the water, and the material has strong oil absorption capacity, high separation efficiency and no secondary pollution.
2. The saturated adsorption capacity of the S-BiOBr @ MS material on two oils (soybean oil and engine oil) and organic solvents (dichloromethane, nitrobenzene, trichloromethane, toluene, m-xylene and n-hexane) is examined. The results are shown in FIG. 5. As can be seen from a in figure 5, the saturated adsorption capacity of the S-BiOBr @ MS material to different oils and organic solvents is 14.98-37.10 times of the self-mass, and the S-BiOBr @ MS material has higher adsorption capacity.
3. The recycling times of the S-BiOBr @ MS material are examined. After the materials are subjected to saturated adsorption on different types of oils or organic solvents, the materials are lightly extruded to discharge a large amount of adsorbed oils or organic solvents, then the materials are washed and dried by absolute ethyl alcohol to realize controllable desorption, and then adsorption experiments are carried out again to carry out recycling tests. As a result, as shown in b of fig. 5, the saturated adsorption amount remained substantially stable as the number of cycles increased, and the recovered material was reused for 18 cycles in adsorption-desorption, with a slight decrease in separation efficiency but still more than 97%.
4. The continuous oil-water separation capability of the S-BiOBr @ MS material is investigated. As shown in FIG. 6, in a 1-a 2 of FIG. 6, the S-BiOBr @ MS material is filled into a funnel, the heavy oil/water (chloroform/water) mixture is poured into the funnel, the organic phase flows down due to the super-hydrophobic-super-oleophilic property of the S-BiOBr @ MS material, and the aqueous phase is trapped in the funnel. In the b of FIG. 6, one end of the conduit of the peristaltic pump is plugged into the S-BiOBr @ MS material, the end is placed in a light oil/water (n-hexane/water) mixture, and the organic phase is gradually and completely transferred into a beaker at the other end of the conduit under the driving of the peristaltic pump. In fig. 6 c 1-c 2 the base treated S-BiOBr @ MS material (S-BiOBr @ MS was soaked in aqueous sodium hydroxide at pH 13 for 4h at room temperature) was inserted into a funnel and the light oil/water mixture was poured into the funnel, the aqueous phase flowed down and the organic phase was trapped in the funnel due to the superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic properties of the base treated S-BiOBr @ MS material. In fig. 6 d, one end of the peristaltic pump conduit is plugged into the base-treated S-BiOBr @ MS material and this end is placed in a heavy oil/water mixture and the aqueous phase is gradually transferred in its entirety into a beaker at the other end of the conduit, driven by the peristaltic pump. After the separation, the aqueous phase and the organic phase remained free of each other.
Example 3 investigation of mechanical stability of Intelligent oil-water separation Material S-BiOBr @ MS
1. The mechanical stability of the S-BiOBr @ MS material was examined. As shown in a in fig. 7, an abrasion test was performed on the S-BiOBr @ MS material; as shown in fig. 7 b, a tensile experiment was performed on the S-BiOBr @ MS material; torsion experiments were performed on the S-BiOBr @ MS material as shown in c in FIG. 7; the pressing experiment was performed on the S-BiOBr @ MS material as shown in d in fig. 7; the water impact experiment was performed on the S-BiOBr @ MS material as shown in e in FIG. 7. The experiments are repeated for many times, the contact angle of the S-BiOBr @ MS material can still be kept above 150 degrees, and the oil-water separation efficiency is still kept above 90%.
Example 4 application of Intelligent oil-water separation Material S-BiOBr @ MS in catalytic degradation of Water-soluble contaminants
1. The photocatalytic degradation capability of the S-BiOBr @ MS material on water-soluble pollutants is examined.
And (3) soaking S-BiOBr @ MS in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the pH value of 13 for 4h at room temperature, and drying to obtain the S-BiOBr @ MS material subjected to alkali treatment. The S-BiOBr @ MS material treated by alkali has super-hydrophilicity-super-lipophobicity. The results are shown in fig. 8, wherein a1, b1 and c1 in fig. 8 are devices for photocatalytic degradation experiments, and a2, b2 and c2 in fig. 8 are changes in the color of the solution after the reaction is finished.
As shown in a 1-a 2 in FIG. 8, a block of 1X 1cm is taken3The size of the S-BiOBr @ MS material was placed in a reaction cell containing 50mL of 10ppm aqueous rhodamine B at pH 7. The reaction tank system is placed in a dark place and stirred for 30min to achieve self-absorption-desorption balance of the material on rhodamine B. After 30min, the reaction cell is placed under the irradiation of a 500W xenon lamp (simulated sunlight). And taking 4mL of reaction solution every 30min of irradiation, and measuring the content of rhodamine B in the solution by using an ultraviolet-visible light diffuse reflection spectrometer. As a3 in FIG. 8 shows, the degradation efficiency of the S-BiOBr @ MS material treated by the alkali to rhodamine B after 3 hours of illumination reaches more than 98%, and the solution becomes colorless and transparent after the reaction is finished.
The photocatalytic degradation capability of the S-BiOBr @ MS material subjected to alkali treatment on methylene blue is also examined, such as b 1-b 2 in FIG. 8, and the specific experimental operation is the same as above. As a result, as shown in b3 in FIG. 8, the degradation efficiency of the S-BiOBr @ MS material subjected to alkali treatment after 6h of illumination on methylene blue reaches more than 97%, and the solution becomes colorless and transparent after the reaction is finished.
The photocatalytic degradation capability of the S-BiOBr @ MS material subjected to alkali treatment on tetracycline hydrochloride is also examined, such as c 1-c 2 in FIG. 8, and the specific experimental operation is the same as above. As shown in c3 in FIG. 8, the degradation efficiency of the base-treated S-BiOBr @ MS material to tetracycline hydrochloride after 2h of illumination was over 66%, and the solution was colorless and transparent after the reaction.
Claims (10)
1. The intelligent oil-water separation material is characterized in that BiOBr crystals grow in situ on melamine sponge MS in a stirring mode, perfluorooctanoic acid is further modified, and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is used as an adhesive to prepare the intelligent oil-water separation material S-BiOBr @ MS.
2. The preparation method of the intelligent oil-water separation material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) adding bismuth nitrate pentahydrate into a mixed solution of deionized water and glycerol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min, and stirring at room temperature until the solution is clear and transparent to obtain a solution A; dissolving potassium bromide in deionized water, and stirring until the potassium bromide is completely dissolved to obtain a solution B;
2) immersing melamine sponge MS into the solution B to enable the sponge to completely absorb the solution B, then dropwise adding the remaining solution B into the solution A, simultaneously transferring the sponge absorbing the solution B into the solution A, stirring for 1h, and aging for 3h at room temperature; after the reaction is finished, the sponge is taken out, washed by water and ethanol and dried to obtain a BiOBr crystal growing in situ on the melamine sponge MS, and the BiOBr @ MS is synthesized;
3) dissolving perfluorooctanoic acid and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane in absolute ethyl alcohol, activating under stirring to obtain a modification liquid, soaking BiOBr @ MS in the modification liquid, taking out, and drying to obtain a target product S-BiOBr @ MS.
3. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein in the step 1), the volume ratio of the deionized water to the glycerol is 1: 2.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step 1), the molar ratio of bismuth nitrate to potassium bromide is 1: 1.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the activation in step 3) is performed at 60 ℃ for 1 hour.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the soaking in step 3) is carried out at 60 ℃ for 4 hours.
7. The application of the intelligent oil-water separation material in oil absorption, which is disclosed by claim 1, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: the intelligent oil-water separating material according to claim 1 is added to an oil-water mixture to carry out adsorption.
8. The application of the intelligent oil-water separation material in oil-water separation of claim 1, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: filtering the oil-water mixture by the intelligent oil-water separation material of claim 1 or the intelligent oil-water separation material of claim 1 after alkali treatment, and performing gravity separation and pump separation.
9. The use of the intelligent oil-water separation material of claim 1 in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.
10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that the method is as follows: adding the intelligent oil-water separation material of claim 1 or the intelligent oil-water separation material of claim 1 subjected to alkali treatment into wastewater containing organic pollutants for photocatalytic degradation.
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