CN113422353A - 一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统及方法 Download PDF

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CN113422353A
CN113422353A CN202110633943.8A CN202110633943A CN113422353A CN 113422353 A CN113422353 A CN 113422353A CN 202110633943 A CN202110633943 A CN 202110633943A CN 113422353 A CN113422353 A CN 113422353A
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distribution internet
voltage
type low
low
things switch
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汪超杰
黄悦华
汪泓
黄学钧
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WUHAN TEST TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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WUHAN TEST TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00028—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocols
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/20—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution using protection elements, arrangements or systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/128—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocol

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统及方法，所述系统包括一个主机型低压配电物联网开关及若干个从机型低压配电物联网开关，主机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端，从机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端、配电网低压分支或低压末端；主机型低压配电物联网开关及从机型低压配电物联网开关，用于漏电保护；从机型低压配电物联网开关还用于采集遥测数据和遥信数据，并将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关；主机型低压配电物联网开关用于汇集所述遥测数据和遥信数据，并将汇集后遥测数据和遥信数据传送至智能融合终端。本发明提供的系统，可以实现对低压配电网漏电状态的有效监管。

Description

一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及漏电保护技术领域，尤其涉及一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统及方法。
背景技术
配电网是电网中与用户相连的最后一公里，运行设备具有点多面广的显著特点。在当前电网建设发展中，低压配电网网架结构不清晰、不透明的问题尤为突出，触电伤亡事故在低压配电网中占比也最大。
由于低压配电网是根据负荷需求漫延式的接入长期积累下来的，客观上存在着拓扑结构不清晰、线路老化、过载、供电半径不合理、接线不规范以及用户低电压等问题。同时，配网自动化目前仅覆盖到配变高压侧，低压配电网一直缺乏有效的漏电状态监管手段，低压配电网运行状态不可知、故障信息不可知，技术手段匮乏，大量设备处于“盲管”状态，主要通过用户电话报修的方式开展“被动”抢修。低压状态感知能力相对缺失，低压线路侧运行及故障信息数据存在空白点，相应的管理决策及大数据分析缺乏最基本的底层数据支撑，制约了客户服务水平的提升。
受电网设备绝缘老化、用电设备自身漏电、运行时间推移等因素的影响，低压线路泄漏电流呈现稳定递增的变化过程。而人身触电电流相比泄漏电流较小，导致传统漏电保护器无法实现精准判别和正确动作。漏电保护器容易误动或拒动，频繁误跳闸导致供电可靠性下降，投诉大量增加。目前从全国漏电保护器的运行情况来看，大部分处于停运状态。
发明内容
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统及方法，用以解决现有技术中的低压配电网漏电状态缺乏有效的监管的问题。
本发明提供一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，包括一个主机型低压配电物联网开关及若干个从机型低压配电物联网开关，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端，所述从机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端、配电网低压分支或低压末端；
所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及从机型低压配电物联网开关，用于漏电保护；所述从机型低压配电物联网开关还用于采集遥测数据和遥信数据，并将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关；所述主机型低压配电物联网开关用于汇集所述遥测数据和遥信数据，并将汇集后遥测数据和遥信数据传送至智能融合终端。
进一步地，当本级从机型低压配电物联网开关对应的用户设备漏电时，所述本级从机型低压配电物联网开关进行漏电保护，并向上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关，发送漏电保护信息，所述上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关接收所述漏电保护信息，在延迟设定时间后进行漏电保护。
进一步地，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及所有从机型低压配电物联网开关均设有唯一标识SN和所在局域网ID。
进一步地，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关还用于根据所述唯一标识SN或所在局域网ID向从机型低压配电物联网开关下发遥测、遥信、遥控、整定、配置命令；所述从机型低压配电物联网开关根据唯一标识SN和所在局域网ID向主机型低压配电物联网开关传送遥测数据和遥信数据。
进一步地，所述遥测数据包括三相运行电压、电流、漏电电流、接触点温度、环境温度及环境湿度；所述遥信数据包括停复电数据、开关分合闸状态、漏电保护数据、缺相数据、缺零数据、环境异常数据及接触点过温数据。
进一步地，所述从机型低压配电物联网开关，将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关，具体包括：
所述从机型低压配电物联网开关通过微功率无线或电力载波的方式将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关。
进一步地，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关采用Modbus标准协议，通过虚拟地址的方式使智能融合终端仅通过与主机型低压配电物联网开关通讯即可实现与所有从机型低压配电物联网开关进行数据交互。
进一步地，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及从机型低压配电物联网开关还用于过流保护、过压保护、欠压保护和缺相保护。
本发明还提供了一种根据上述任一包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统的方法，包括以下步骤：从机型低压配电物联网开关还用于采集遥测数据和遥信数据，并将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至主机型低压配电物联网开关；所述主机型低压配电物联网开关汇集所述遥测数据和遥信数据，并将汇集后遥测数据和遥信数据传送至智能融合终端。
进一步地，当本级从机型低压配电物联网开关对应的用户设备漏电时，所述本级从机型低压配电物联网开关进行漏电保护，并向上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关，发送漏电保护信息，所述上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关接收所述漏电保护信息，在延迟设定时间后进行漏电保护。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果包括：通过将所述主机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端，将所述从机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端、配电网低压分支或低压末端；所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及从机型低压配电物联网开关，用于漏电保护，通过所述从机型低压配电物联网开关采集遥测数据和遥信数据，并将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关汇集所述遥测数据和遥信数据，并将汇集后遥测数据和遥信数据传送至智能融合终端；可以实现对低压配电网漏电状态的有效监管。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统一实施例的结构框图；
图2为本发明提供的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统的结构示意图；
图3为本发明提供的低压网络结构示意图；
图4为本发明提供的用户1线路产生漏电时漏电电流突变波形及开关动作时序示意图；
图5为本发明提供的用户3线路产生漏电时漏电电流突变波形及开关动作时序示意图；
图6为本发明提供的配电网络的能源流和信息流示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图来具体描述本发明的优选实施例，其中，附图构成本申请一部分，并与本发明的实施例一起用于阐释本发明的原理，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
本发明提供了一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，其中一实施例结构框图，如图1所示，在该实施例中，所述包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，包括一个主机型低压配电物联网开关1及若干个从机型低压配电物联网开关2，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关1设置于配电网低压首端，所述从机型低压配电物联网开关2设置于配电网低压首端、配电网低压分支或低压末端。
所述主机型低压配电物联网开关1及从机型低压配电物联网开关2，用于漏电保护；所述从机型低压配电物联网开关2还用于采集遥测数据和遥信数据，并将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关；所述主机型低压配电物联网开关1用于汇集所述遥测数据和遥信数据，并将汇集后遥测数据和遥信数据传送至智能融合终端。
一个具体实施例中，所述包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统的结构示意图，如图2所示，在低压台区首端部署一个主机型低压配电物联网开关，用于汇集和管理台区内各从机型主机型低压配电物联网开关，并通过RS485向上接入智能配变终端，在低压首端、低压分支、低压末端分别部署多个主机型低压配电物联网开关。
具体实施时，在配电台区低压首端(其包括低压配电柜、箱变、配电室等)安装1个主机型低压配电物联网开关(总保、主机)，按需配置(根据低压出线回路数)低压配电物联网开关(从机)；低压分支(低压分支箱)安装低压配电物联网开关(分保、从机)；低压末端(表前端子箱)安装低压配电物联网开关(分保、从机)；从机型低压配电物联网开关通过微功率无线、电力载波等通讯技术将遥信遥测数据汇集到主机型低压配电物联网开关，经通过RS-485接入智能融合终端(TTU)，实现对低压线路运行状态的全面感知，智能融合终端(TTU)通过无线公网接入配电自动化主站，在配电自动化主站应用终端业务数据。
另一个具体实施例中，配电网台区低压首端的低压配电柜内可以包括1个400A主机型低压配电物联网开关及3个250A从机型低压配电物联网开关(包括3路出线回路)，则通常设400A低压配电物联网开关为主机型，250A低压配电物联网开关为从机型。
作为一个优选的实施例，当本级从机型低压配电物联网开关对应的用户设备漏电时，所述本级从机型低压配电物联网开关进行漏电保护，并向上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关，发送漏电保护信息，所述上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关接收所述漏电保护信息，在延迟设定时间后进行漏电保护。
一个具体实施例中，物理拓扑结构中的上级与下级低压配电物联网开关，可通过获知相互感知到的漏电突变情况，动态调整保护动作策略；低压网络结构示意图，如图3所示，图3中，1#和2#低压配电物联网开关均直连2个用户，为保证人身触电安全，1#低压配电物联网开关保护灵敏度若设置太低，则失去保护意义，将2个低压配电物联网开关设定为相同保护灵敏度或1#略高于2#装置；在用户1或用户2漏电时，1#低压配电物联网开关进行保护动作，2#低压配电物联网开关不动作；在用户3或用户4漏电时，1#低压配电物联网开关不动作，2#低压配电物联网开关进行保护动作。
一个具体实施例中，用户1线路产生漏电时漏电电流突变波形及开关动作时序示意图，如图4所示，此时的保护效果为1#开关产生保护动作，图4中，第一条线为漏电电流突变波形，第二条为1#低压配电物联网开关闸位状态；第三条形为2#低压配电物联网开关闸位状态。
用户3线路产生漏电时漏电电流突变波形及开关动作时序示意图，如图5所示，图5中，第一条线为漏电电流突变波形；第二条线为在低压配电物联网开关无协同保护时，1#低压配电物联网开关闸位状态；第三条形为在低压配电物联网开关无协同保护时，2#低压配电物联网开关闸位状态；第四条线为在低压配电物联网开关有协同保护时，1#低压配电物联网开关闸位状态；第五条线为在低压配电物联网开关有协同保护时，2#低压配电物联网开关闸位状态。图5中，t为漏电电流突变时间点，tm为漏电电流探测时间，tc为漏电电流确认时间，t1、t2分别为1#、2#漏电保护装置保护动作时间，t′1为1#漏电保护装置延迟动作时间。
需要说明的是，当用户3漏电时，若无协同保护机制，由于1#、2#低压配电物联网开关整定灵敏度接近，1#、2#低压配电物联网开关很容易同时保护动作，导致1#低压配电物联网开关越级跳闸，扩大了停电面积。有协同保护条件下，在时间t产生了线路漏电，在时间tm装置探测到有漏电，并在tc时刻确认产生漏电事件，2#低压配电物联网开关向主机型低压配电物联网开关发送漏电预警遥信信号，1#低压配电物联网开关监测到该预警信号，又由拓扑关系判断为所属自己下级低压配电物联网开关，则加入延迟动作时间，使保护动作时间由t1变为t′1；在t2时刻，2#装置保护动作，1#装置保持合闸状态。
作为一个优选的实施例，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及所有从机型低压配电物联网开关均设有唯一标识SN和所在局域网ID。
作为一个优选的实施例，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关还用于根据所述唯一标识SN或所在局域网ID向从机型低压配电物联网开关下发遥测、遥信、遥控、整定、配置命令；所述从机型低压配电物联网开关根据唯一标识SN和所在局域网ID向主机型低压配电物联网开关传送遥测数据和遥信数据。
需要说明的是，每一个低压配电物联网开关都具有唯一标识SN及所在局域网id；主机低压配电物联网开关预置台区内主机低压配电物联网开关和各从机低压配电物联网开关的SN、ID及其物理上下级装置SN和ID，由此形成低压能源流拓扑关系，通过微功率无线、电力载波等通讯方式，根据从机低压配电物联网开关SN或ID寻址，对应下发该从机装置的物理上下级装置SN和ID及主机SN和ID，各从机低压配电物联网开关根据上传数据类型，选择目标地址为主机低压配电物联网开关ID或物理上级装置ID，由此形成由从至主的信息流走向。
下发遥测、遥信、遥控、参数整定数据的流程为，主机型低压配电物联网开关接收下发指令，接收数据包，对协议进行解析，判断协议帧是否正确，若正确，则从机型低压配电物联网开关进行遥测、遥信采集以及遥控远端控制流程，判断参数是否在限值范围内，若是则将整定参数写入从机型低压配电物联网开关并保存；主机型低压配电物联网开关接收下发遥控的流程为，主机型低压配电物联网开关下发遥控预执行命令至从机型低压配电物联网开关，若从机型低压配电物联网开关返校成功，则下发遥控分/合执行命令或者遥控撤销命令，对于前者从机回应确认命令后，执行对应分/合动作，仅后者从机回应确认命令。
作为一个优选的实施例，所述遥测数据包括三相运行电压、电流、漏电电流、接触点温度、环境温度及环境湿度；所述遥信数据包括停复电数据、开关分合闸状态、漏电保护数据、缺相数据、缺零数据、环境异常数据及接触点过温数据。
作为一个优选的实施例，所述从机型低压配电物联网开关，将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关，具体包括：
所述从机型低压配电物联网开关通过微功率无线或电力载波的方式将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关。
作为一个优选的实施例，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关采用Modbus标准协议，通过虚拟地址的方式使智能融合终端仅通过与主机型低压配电物联网开关通讯即可实现与所有从机型低压配电物联网开关进行数据交互。
一个具体实施例中，主机型低压配电物联网开关通过RS485与TTU建立有线连接，采用Modbus标准协议通讯，从机型低压配电物联网开关定时上传遥测数据至主机；有遥信异常事件时，立即上送遥信数据至主机型低压配电物联网开关，主机机型低压配电物联网开关缓存各从机机型低压配电物联网开关最新遥测遥信数据；TTU按照台区内部署的各低机型低压配电物联网开关ID实时轮询主机机型低压配电物联网开关。配电网络的能源流和信息流示意图，如图6所示。
一个具体实施例中，采用Modbus标准协议通讯上传遥测数据的具体为，接收TTU的轮询数据、按照Modbus协议解析，判断从机地址是否在拓扑表范围id内，若在，则在缓存数据表中有从机地址对应数据时，读取缓存数据，以从机地址按Modbus协议响应，若不在，则以从机地址按Modbus协议功能码为83错误码响应。
作为一个优选的实施例，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及从机型低压配电物联网开关还用于过流保护、过压保护、欠压保护和缺相保护。
本发明实施例还提供了一种根据上述任一实施例所述的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统的方法，包括以下步骤：从机型低压配电物联网开关还用于采集遥测数据和遥信数据，并将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至主机型低压配电物联网开关；所述主机型低压配电物联网开关汇集所述遥测数据和遥信数据，并将汇集后遥测数据和遥信数据传送至智能融合终端。
作为一个优选的实施例，当本级从机型低压配电物联网开关对应的用户设备漏电时，所述本级从机型低压配电物联网开关进行漏电保护，并向上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关，发送漏电保护信息，所述上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关接收所述漏电保护信息，在延迟设定时间后进行漏电保护。
本发明公开了一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统及方法，通过将所述主机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端，将所述从机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端、配电网低压分支或低压末端；所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及从机型低压配电物联网开关，用于漏电保护，通过所述从机型低压配电物联网开关采集遥测数据和遥信数据，并将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关汇集所述遥测数据和遥信数据，并将汇集后遥测数据和遥信数据传送至智能融合终端；可以实现对低压配电网漏电状态的有效监管。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，其特征在于，包括一个主机型低压配电物联网开关及若干个从机型低压配电物联网开关，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端，所述从机型低压配电物联网开关设置于配电网低压首端、配电网低压分支或低压末端；
所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及从机型低压配电物联网开关，用于漏电保护；所述从机型低压配电物联网开关还用于采集遥测数据和遥信数据，并将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关；所述主机型低压配电物联网开关用于汇集所述遥测数据和遥信数据，并将汇集后遥测数据和遥信数据传送至智能融合终端。
2.根据权利要求1所述的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，其特征在于，当本级从机型低压配电物联网开关对应的用户设备漏电时，所述本级从机型低压配电物联网开关进行漏电保护，并向上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关，发送漏电保护信息，所述上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关接收所述漏电保护信息，在延迟设定时间后进行漏电保护。
3.根据权利要求1所述的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，其特征在于，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及所有从机型低压配电物联网开关均设有唯一标识SN和所在局域网ID。
4.根据权利要求2所述的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，其特征在于，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关还用于根据所述唯一标识SN或所在局域网ID向从机型低压配电物联网开关下发遥测、遥信、遥控、整定、配置命令；所述从机型低压配电物联网开关根据唯一标识SN和所在局域网ID向主机型低压配电物联网开关传送遥测数据和遥信数据。
5.根据权利要求1所述的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，其特征在于，所述遥测数据包括三相运行电压、电流、漏电电流、接触点温度、环境温度及环境湿度；所述遥信数据包括停复电数据、开关分合闸状态、漏电保护数据、缺相数据、缺零数据、环境异常数据及接触点过温数据。
6.根据权利要求1所述的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，其特征在于，所述从机型低压配电物联网开关，将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关，具体包括：
所述从机型低压配电物联网开关通过微功率无线或电力载波的方式将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至所述主机型低压配电物联网开关。
7.根据权利要求1所述的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，其特征在于，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关采用Modbus标准协议，通过虚拟地址的方式使智能融合终端仅通过与主机型低压配电物联网开关通讯即可实现与所有从机型低压配电物联网开关进行数据交互。
8.根据权利要求1所述的包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统，其特征在于，所述主机型低压配电物联网开关及从机型低压配电物联网开关还用于过流保护、过压保护、欠压保护和缺相保护。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一包含低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护系统的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：从机型低压配电物联网开关还用于采集遥测数据和遥信数据，并将所述遥测数据和遥信数据传送至主机型低压配电物联网开关；所述主机型低压配电物联网开关汇集所述遥测数据和遥信数据，并将汇集后遥测数据和遥信数据传送至智能融合终端。
10.根据权利要求9所述的低压配电物联网开关的漏电保护方法，其特征在于，当本级从机型低压配电物联网开关对应的用户设备漏电时，所述本级从机型低压配电物联网开关进行漏电保护，并向上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关，发送漏电保护信息，所述上一级主机型低压配电物联网开关或从机型低压配电物联网开关接收所述漏电保护信息，在延迟设定时间后进行漏电保护。
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