CN113422351A - Distribution box zero-breaking protection technology and zero-breaking protection distribution box applying same - Google Patents
Distribution box zero-breaking protection technology and zero-breaking protection distribution box applying same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113422351A CN113422351A CN202110468861.2A CN202110468861A CN113422351A CN 113422351 A CN113422351 A CN 113422351A CN 202110468861 A CN202110468861 A CN 202110468861A CN 113422351 A CN113422351 A CN 113422351A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a zero-breaking protection technology for a distribution box and a zero-breaking protection distribution box applying the technology. The split-phase distribution box zero-breaking protection technology is characterized in that a protection device is arranged on the last split-phase distribution box of a distribution system, and meanwhile, a user distribution box cancels a self-resetting over-voltage protector and an under-voltage protector; the split-phase distribution box is a three-phase distribution box with a single-phase loop in a low-voltage distribution system; the zero-breaking protection device is an overvoltage relay controlled by three single phases of the distribution box and respectively arranged on the three single phases of the distribution box. The main body of the zero-breaking protection distribution box adopting the technology is a final stage three-phase distribution box, a zero-breaking protection device is arranged in the distribution box, and the protection device is controlled by overvoltage relays respectively arranged on three single phases in the distribution box. The invention has the advantages that: the method corrects and subverts the error practice of the current standard, simultaneously cancels the self-recovery function and the under-voltage protection, greatly simplifies the protection mode and greatly reduces the setting number.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-voltage power distribution, in particular to a zero-breaking protection technology of a distribution box and a zero-breaking protection distribution box applying the same, which accords with a zero-breaking fault mechanism and an electrical safety rule and is simple, convenient and easy to implement. The protection circuit can ensure the protection of over-voltage and under-voltage generated by the three-phase zero-breaking fault of the low-voltage distribution system. The method is an application technology based on zero fault and protection mechanism breakthrough analysis.
Background
In an ac low-voltage distribution system, a neutral line of a three-phase line is broken (commonly called zero-breaking), which causes potential shift of a neutral point and deviation of three phase voltages, and dangerous single-phase overvoltage and undervoltage are formed, as shown in fig. 1 and 2 (fig. 1 and 2 take a TN-C-S system as an example, and a single-phase voltage value in a vector diagram is a random state value). The zero-breaking is a recognized electric high-risk fault, the accident area is large, and the serious consequences of electric appliance overheating, burning loss, fire and the like can be caused generally.
Analyzing the current practice and error reasons of zero-breaking protection:
at present, domestic zero-breaking protection conforms to the regulated method of residential building electrical design code JGJ242-2011 item 6.3.2: "each house should be set with self-recovery over-voltage and under-voltage protection electric appliances. "this protector is normally placed in the distribution box in a residential home, see figure 3.
Proof of principle analysis
According to the figures 1 and 2, when the zero-breaking accident occurs, the fault point is necessarily positioned at the split phase position of the three-phase power supply or on the previous three-phase circuit, and the characteristic is that the fault point is positioned on the three-phase circuit, so that dangerous over-voltage and under-voltage appear on the single-phase circuit.
The majority of the apartment houses adopt single-phase power supply, at the moment, the 'zero-breaking' fault point is necessarily positioned on the upper-level three-phase circuit of the outdoor public area of the apartment houses, and the 'zero-breaking' fault point can be positioned indoors only in the residential buildings such as villas and large dwelling houses which need to adopt the three-phase power supply for supplying power to the house.
Therefore, when a three-phase zero-breaking fault occurs in a single-phase power supply house, a fault point can never be located in the house and is necessarily located at an outdoor power supply end. The 'zero-breaking' fault point of the three-phase power supply house is mostly positioned at an outdoor power supply end, and the probability of being positioned at an indoor power utilization end is very low.
The fault point and the accident reason of zero break are undoubtedly on the three-phase circuit of the power supply end, and the current regulation and regulation adopts the measures that the fault of the power supply end is protected on the power utilization end, the fault of the outdoor is protected indoors, and the fault of the three-phase circuit is protected on the single-phase circuit. The device is similar to a head disease and foot protection, is completely free from symptoms, deviates from a zero-breaking fault characteristic mechanism, and violates the basic principle that a power distribution system must protect the source and protect the power source which must be cut off in an accident.
Furthermore, since the point of failure is outdoors, indoor switches are subject to self-recovery without failure, violating electrical safety regulations and causing repeated exposure of indoor consumers to dangerous voltage surges.
Secondly, it is known from the analysis of the zero-breaking mechanism that the overvoltage and the undervoltage occur simultaneously between different single-phase circuits when the fault occurs. From a protection point of view, the overvoltage is protected, and the undervoltage is also naturally protected. It is completely unnecessary to provide both over-voltage and under-voltage protection.
From this it can be determined: the zero-breaking protection measure of the current regulation rule violates the circuit principle and common knowledge, the logic cannot be correct, the protection principle and the strategy are both verified to be false, and serious errors obviously exist.
Evaluation of current normative measures
As described above: the current standard zero-breaking protection measures are self-explanatory and misjudgment on zero-breaking mechanisms and fault situations, are invalid and harmful, and have three serious errors:
A. the protection is not arranged on the three-phase circuit of the fault source.
B. Self-recovery violates the principles of circuitries and jeopardizes electricity safety.
C. The overvoltage and undervoltage protection are set unnecessarily simultaneously.
Principle analysis and practice prove that the existing standard zero-breaking protection measures are not only ineffective but also harmful, but also cause the protector to have a complex structure, high manufacturing cost and large installation quantity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a zero-breaking protection technology of a distribution box and a zero-breaking protection distribution box applying the technology, which accord with zero-breaking fault mechanism and electrical safety rule and have simple structure and greatly reduced installation quantity.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a zero-breaking protection technique for the split-phase distribution box features that a zero-breaking protector is arranged at the last split-phase distribution box of distribution system, and the self-restoring overvoltage-undervoltage protector in the distribution box of user is cancelled.
The split-phase distribution box is a three-phase distribution box with a single-phase loop in a low-voltage three-phase power supply; the zero-breaking protection device is a single-phase overvoltage relay which is arranged on three single phases of the last stage three-phase split-phase distribution box respectively.
The reason why the distribution box provided at the last stage is required is that if the protection is not provided at the distribution box provided at the last stage, the potential of the three-phase neutral line may be blocked by the zero-cut point due to "zero-cut", and the end single-phase abnormal low voltage cannot be detected.
The main body of the zero-breaking protection distribution box adopting the technology is the last-stage three-phase distribution box, a zero-breaking protection device is arranged in the distribution box, and the zero-breaking protection device is controlled by overvoltage relays respectively arranged on three single phases in the distribution box.
The three single phases in the terminal distribution box are respectively provided with an overvoltage relay, the setting value is 220V, 125 percent or 275V, when any single phase has overvoltage, a shunt release of a distribution box main circuit breaker is switched on, zero-breaking protection is realized by cutting off a three-phase main power supply of the distribution box, and meanwhile, a fault alarm signal is sent out.
Compared with the current standard practice, the invention has the advantages and the effects that:
1. the zero-breaking protection solution corrects and subverts the error method that the protection is arranged in the house of thousands of households according to the current specification, the arrangement quantity is huge, the self-recovery function is cancelled, the under-voltage protection is cancelled, the protection mode is greatly simplified, and the arrangement quantity is greatly reduced.
2. The invention avoids the dangerous consequences that the current standard measures can not eliminate zero-breaking faults and can cause repeated impact of dangerous voltage and the like.
3. The invention realizes zero-breaking fault removal at the source, has definite zero-breaking protection effect, and is a simple and reliable solution based on breakthrough analysis of zero-breaking mechanism.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a voltage phase at "zero-off" for a three-phase circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-phase circuit when "zero-off";
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a conventional residential indoor distribution box system;
FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of the "zero-breaking" protection of the present invention at the last stage of three-phase power split;
FIG. 5 is a wiring diagram of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following description of the drawings:
a phase-splitting distribution box zero-breaking protection technology is characterized in that a zero-breaking protection device is arranged on the phase-splitting distribution box at the last stage of a distribution system, and a self-resetting overvoltage and undervoltage voltage protector which is required to be arranged on a distribution box of a user by current specifications is cancelled;
the definition of split-phase distribution box is: the low-voltage distribution system is provided with a three-phase distribution box with a single-phase loop; for residential buildings, the meter box is usually the last level of the matching box.
The main body of the distribution box is the last-stage three-phase split-phase distribution box, and the distribution box is provided with a zero-breaking protection device controlled by overvoltage relays respectively arranged on three single phases in the distribution box. The setting value is 220V 125% ═ 275V, when any single phase over 125% overvoltage, the three-phase main power supply of the distribution box is cut off to realize zero-breaking protection, and simultaneously, a fault alarm signal is sent out.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5: the zero-breaking and zero-breaking protection device is required to be arranged on a three-phase circuit, a single-phase voltage which usually only occurs when zero breaking exceeds a specified limit value is used as a starting signal of zero-breaking protection, the starting signal acts on the disconnection of a main switch of the three-phase power supply, and meanwhile, a self-recovery function and under-voltage protection are cancelled, so that the purpose of zero-breaking protection is achieved.
Specifically, three single-phase overvoltage relays are respectively arranged on the three single phases in the last-stage power distribution box; after any single-phase overvoltage relay acts, the shunt release of the main switch of the distribution box is switched on, so that zero-breaking protection can be realized by switching off the main switch when any single-phase overvoltage occurs.
The working principle is as follows:
according to the analysis of the zero-breaking fault mechanism of the low-voltage distribution system, the zero-breaking is that the neutral line of a three-phase circuit breaks to cause abnormal voltage of a single-phase circuit of the system and cause accident damage. Therefore, the zero-breaking protection is to monitor the single-phase low voltage of the system, and the zero-breaking protection is realized by cutting off the main switch of the three-phase power supply when the abnormality occurs.
The protection scheme of the scheme utilizes a simple mature overvoltage protector to arrange overvoltage and undervoltage protection (zero-breaking protection) in the last stage of distribution box. The reason for this is that if the protection is provided in the upper-stage split-phase distribution box, the potential of the three-phase neutral line is blocked by the zero-breaking point due to the "zero-breaking", and the single-phase low voltage at the tail end cannot be detected. In residential buildings, the meter box is usually the last level of the matching box.
The scheme of the invention corrects and subverts the error method of setting the protection in the house by the current specification, cancels self-recovery and under-voltage protection, greatly simplifies the protection mode, and greatly reduces the setting number. Is a simple and reliable solution based on the breakthrough analysis of the zero-breaking mechanism.
The existing building is rectified and disposed:
the current regulations have been implemented for a long time, and the number of residential buildings of self-recovery over and under voltage (OUPA for short) zero-breaking protectors installed according to the regulations is huge. As mentioned previously, not only is there inefficiency, but there is also some security risk. The suggested rectification treatment measures are as follows:
firstly, the current measures are stopped as soon as possible, and if the standard texts can not be modified in time temporarily, the new building is announced to stop executing the current 'zero-breaking' standard measures as soon as possible.
Secondly, the existing building organization is reformed, as soon as possible, the transformation is carried out in the last three-phase split-phase distribution box according to the scheme disclosed by the scheme, and then the OUPA installed indoors does not need to be reformed.
If it is difficult to add protection in the split-phase distribution box, the OUPA in the house should be dismantled by organizing development construction or the period of the pipe unit. It should be ensured that the shield unlocks its self-healing function if it is difficult to remove.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a divide distribution box zero-breaking protection technology which characterized in that: a zero-breaking protection device is arranged on the last-stage split-phase distribution box of the power distribution system, and correspondingly, a self-resetting over-voltage protector and an under-voltage protector are cancelled by a user distribution box;
the split-phase distribution box is a three-phase distribution box with a single-phase loop in a low-voltage distribution system; the zero-breaking protection device is an overvoltage relay controlled by three single phases of the distribution box and respectively arranged on the three single phases of the distribution box.
2. The utility model provides an use zero-breaking protection block terminal of this technique, its main part is last level three-phase distribution box, its characterized in that: the zero-breaking protection device is arranged in the distribution box and controlled by overvoltage relays respectively arranged on three single phases in the distribution box.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110468861.2A CN113422351A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Distribution box zero-breaking protection technology and zero-breaking protection distribution box applying same |
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| CN202110468861.2A CN113422351A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Distribution box zero-breaking protection technology and zero-breaking protection distribution box applying same |
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| CN113422351A true CN113422351A (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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| CN202110468861.2A Pending CN113422351A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Distribution box zero-breaking protection technology and zero-breaking protection distribution box applying same |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2899225Y (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-05-09 | 江苏省电力公司南京供电公司 | Break zero-loss phase protecting distribution box |
| CN2927441Y (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-07-25 | 上海航通低压电器合作公司 | Single-phase/three-phase phase-off protector |
-
2021
- 2021-04-28 CN CN202110468861.2A patent/CN113422351A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2899225Y (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-05-09 | 江苏省电力公司南京供电公司 | Break zero-loss phase protecting distribution box |
| CN2927441Y (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-07-25 | 上海航通低压电器合作公司 | Single-phase/three-phase phase-off protector |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 潘明: ""断零"解析与对策研究", 《现代建筑电气》 * |
| 潘明: "住宅设置过、欠电压保护的商榷与优化", 《建筑电气》 * |
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