CN113422348A - Temperature limit value determining method and device and permanent magnet synchronous motor control method and device - Google Patents
Temperature limit value determining method and device and permanent magnet synchronous motor control method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113422348A CN113422348A CN202110638828.XA CN202110638828A CN113422348A CN 113422348 A CN113422348 A CN 113422348A CN 202110638828 A CN202110638828 A CN 202110638828A CN 113422348 A CN113422348 A CN 113422348A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
- H02H7/0852—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load directly responsive to abnormal temperature by using a temperature sensor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
- H02P29/66—Controlling or determining the temperature of the rotor
- H02P29/662—Controlling or determining the temperature of the rotor the rotor having permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
- H02P6/085—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/34—Modelling or simulation for control purposes
Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature limit value determining method, a permanent magnet synchronous motor control method and a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device. The method for determining the temperature limit value of the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises the following steps: setting operation parameters of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to parameter values corresponding to a target operation interval, switching the operation mode of the permanent magnet synchronous motor to a fault mode, and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode according to the variable quantity of an electromagnetic performance index after the switching to the fault mode; and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the target operation interval according to the temperature limit value corresponding to at least one fault mode. The temperature limit values of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in different operation intervals are determined according to different fault modes, so that the corresponding temperature limit values can be switched in real time in different operation intervals of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor can still keep high reliability in the whole life cycle in the face of various fault risks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, in particular to a method for determining a temperature limit value of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a method and a device for controlling the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a fan generator set and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
Because the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the characteristics of high power density and high efficiency, the permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely used in industrial production. During the operation of a permanent magnet synchronous machine, various losses, such as copper losses, iron losses, permanent magnet eddy current losses, etc., cause the temperature of the components to rise. When the temperature exceeds the range allowed by the material, irreversible damage may occur to the components, thereby degrading the performance of the motor and even causing damage. The rare earth permanent magnet commonly used in the existing permanent magnet synchronous motor is sensitive to temperature rise, when the temperature of the permanent magnet is too high, irreversible demagnetization can be generated, and particularly, short-circuit faults occur simultaneously. Therefore, a temperature limit is usually set, and when the temperature limit is approached or exceeded, appropriate control is performed, such as controlling the motor to stop running immediately to ensure the safety of the motor, and then the motor is restarted after the temperature of the motor is reduced to the temperature limit.
However, the intensity of the short-circuit current in the short-circuit failure mode may be greater, and the safety of the motor may not be guaranteed if the fixed temperature limit value set previously is followed. In some cases, it is also possible to have a short-circuit current of lesser intensity, which, if in accordance with the fixed temperature limit set previously, would result in an excessively large design margin of the motor, thus reducing the operating performance of the motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the safety of a permanent magnet synchronous motor cannot be ensured or the running performance of the motor is reduced due to the fact that the temperature limit of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is fixed in the prior art, and provides a temperature limit determining method, a permanent magnet synchronous motor control method and a permanent magnet synchronous motor control device.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for determining a temperature limit value of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises the following steps:
setting operation parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to parameter values corresponding to a target operation interval, wherein the target operation interval is any one of operation intervals, and the operation interval is determined by parameter values of the permanent magnet synchronous motor which can be operated;
switching the operation mode of the permanent magnet synchronous motor to a fault mode, and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode according to the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index after switching to the fault mode;
and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the target operation interval according to the temperature limit value corresponding to at least one fault mode.
Optionally, the determining method further includes:
aiming at least one operation parameter, acquiring a parameter value of the permanent magnet synchronous motor which can be operated;
determining subintervals corresponding to the operating parameters respectively according to the acquired parameter values;
and combining all the subintervals to obtain an operation interval.
Optionally, the step of setting the operating parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the parameter values corresponding to the target operating interval specifically includes:
and setting the operation parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the average parameter values of the target subintervals, wherein the target subintervals are subintervals corresponding to the target operation intervals.
Optionally, the step of determining the temperature limit corresponding to the fault mode according to the variation of the electromagnetic performance index after switching to the fault mode includes:
calculating the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index after the electromagnetic performance index is switched to the fault mode at the preset temperature;
and adjusting the preset temperature according to the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index, and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode according to the adjusted preset temperature.
Optionally, the step of adjusting the preset temperature according to the variation of the electromagnetic performance index, and determining the temperature limit corresponding to the fault mode according to the adjusted preset temperature specifically includes:
if the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index does not meet the condition, reducing the preset temperature until the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index at the preset temperature meets the condition, and setting the finally reduced preset temperature as a temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode;
or if the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index meets the condition, increasing the preset temperature until the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index does not meet the condition at the preset temperature, and setting the preset temperature before the last increase as the temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode.
Optionally, the step of determining the temperature limit corresponding to the target operation interval according to the temperature limit corresponding to the at least one failure mode specifically includes:
and taking the minimum value of the temperature limit values corresponding to at least one fault mode as the temperature limit value corresponding to the target operation interval.
Optionally, the operating parameter comprises at least one of: rotational speed, stator current amplitude, phase angle.
Optionally, the fault mode comprises a three-phase short-circuit fault mode, a two-phase short-circuit fault mode, a single-phase short-circuit fault mode, or a single-phase open-circuit fault mode.
Optionally, the electromagnetic performance indicator comprises average electromagnetic torque, back emf, torque ripple, cogging torque, or eddy current loss.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a control method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, including the steps of:
monitoring the operation parameters and the operation temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous motor;
and if the operating temperature exceeds the temperature limit value corresponding to the operating parameter, controlling the permanent magnet synchronous motor to stop operating.
Optionally, if the operating temperature exceeds the temperature limit corresponding to the operating parameter, the step of controlling the permanent magnet synchronous motor to stop operating specifically includes:
determining a target operation interval corresponding to the operation parameter;
and if the operating temperature exceeds the temperature limit value corresponding to the target operating interval, controlling the permanent magnet synchronous motor to stop operating.
Optionally, the temperature limit corresponding to the target operating interval is determined using the determination method of the first aspect.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a control apparatus for a permanent magnet synchronous motor, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the control method for the permanent magnet synchronous motor when executing the computer program.
The fourth aspect of the invention provides a wind generating set, which comprises a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a control device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the third aspect, wherein the control device is electrically connected with the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
A fifth aspect of the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method for determining a temperature limit value of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the first aspect or the method for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the second aspect.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: and dividing a plurality of operation intervals according to the parameter values of the permanent magnet synchronous motor which can operate, and determining the temperature limit value corresponding to each operation interval. Specifically, for a target operation interval, setting operation parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to parameter values corresponding to the target operation interval, determining temperature limit values corresponding to fault modes according to variation of electromagnetic performance indexes before and after switching to at least one fault mode, and determining temperature limit values corresponding to the target operation interval according to the temperature limit values corresponding to all the fault modes, so that different temperature limit values are switched in different operation intervals of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in real time, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor can still maintain high reliability in the whole life cycle in the face of various fault risks.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining a temperature limit value of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention in a three-phase short-circuit fault mode.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention in a two-phase short-circuit fault mode.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a demagnetization curve of a permanent magnetic material from 60 ℃ to 85 ℃ according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic current diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention in a three-phase short-circuit fault mode.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of demagnetization distribution after the permanent magnet synchronous motor is switched to the failure mode according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the comparison effect of the average electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention before and after demagnetization.
Fig. 9 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a three-phase short-circuit fault mode of a double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention under a normal operation condition.
Fig. 11 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a three-phase short-circuit fault mode of a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention under a fault-tolerant operating condition.
Fig. 12 is a flowchart of a control method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a method for determining a temperature limit of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, as shown in fig. 1, including the following steps S101 to S103:
and S101, setting the operation parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the parameter values corresponding to the target operation interval. The target operation interval is any one of operation intervals, and the operation interval is determined by parameter values of the permanent magnet synchronous motor which can operate.
In particular implementations, the operating parameters may include rotational speed, stator current magnitude, phase angle, and the like. In a specific example, the operating parameters include only rotational speed. In another specific example, the operating parameters include speed and stator current magnitude. In another specific example, the operating parameters include rotational speed, stator current magnitude, and phase angle.
It should be noted that the parameter values of the possible operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor refer to the parameter values of the possible operation within the life cycle of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the actual application process of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The permanent magnet synchronous motor can be applied to the fields of wind power generation, aerospace and the like.
The method comprises the steps that a plurality of operation intervals of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be determined according to parameter values of different operation parameters, and a target operation interval is one of the operation intervals. The temperature limit corresponding to the target operating interval R1 may be determined by performing steps S101 to S103 once for the target operating interval R1. For the target operating interval R2, it is necessary to repeatedly execute steps S101 to S103 to determine the temperature limit value corresponding to the target operating interval R2.
In an optional embodiment, before step S101, the determining method further includes the following steps S100a to S100 c:
step S100a, acquiring a parameter value of the possible operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor aiming at least one operation parameter. In specific implementation, the parameter values of the operating parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor under different working conditions can be recorded for obtaining.
And step S100b, respectively determining subintervals corresponding to the operation parameters according to the acquired parameter values. For each operating parameter, the acquired parameter value may be divided at equal intervals or at unequal intervals, so as to obtain a sub-interval corresponding to the operating parameter. In a specific example, the rotating speed n at which the permanent magnet synchronous motor may operate is 0-100 r/min, and the rotating speed n can be divided at equal intervals to obtain 5 sub-intervals corresponding to the rotating speed, wherein the sub-intervals are 0< n > 20r/min, 21< n > 40r/min, 41< n > 60r/min, 61< n > 80r/min, and 81< n > 100 r/min.
And step S100c, combining all the subintervals to obtain the operation interval. Specifically, all the subintervals corresponding to all the operating parameters are combined to obtain a plurality of operating intervals. In a specific example, the rotation speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor corresponds to 5 sub-intervals, and the amplitude of the stator current corresponds to 4 sub-intervals, so that 5 × 4-20 operation intervals can be obtained after combination.
It should be noted that the permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a rotor core, a permanent magnet, a stator core, and a stator winding. In one specific example, a single three-phase PMSM includes 180-pole 540 slots, partially configured as shown in FIG. 2 for speedn, stator current amplitude ImAnd phase angle
And three operation parameters, namely, the parameter values of the permanent magnet synchronous motor which can possibly operate are respectively obtained. The method includes dividing the rotating speed into 3 subintervals according to the obtained parameter values, dividing the stator current amplitude into 3 subintervals, and dividing the phase angle into 3 subintervals, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Combining the 9 sub-intervals corresponding to the three operating parameters, 3 × 3 — 27 operating intervals can be obtained.
In the specific implementation of step S101, the operation parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor may be set according to the average parameter value of the target subinterval, may also be set according to the maximum parameter value of the target subinterval, and may also be set according to the minimum parameter value of the target subinterval. And the target subinterval is a subinterval corresponding to the target operation interval.
In the above example, the average parameter value for each subinterval in table 1 may be taken as the steady-state operating parameter value for the corresponding subinterval, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Combining the 9 sub-intervals results in 27 operating intervals, the steady state operating parameter values for these 27 operating intervals are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Taking the #27 operating interval as an example of the target operating interval, the corresponding subintervals include subinterval #3 corresponding to the rotational speed, subinterval #3 corresponding to the stator current amplitude, and subinterval #3 corresponding to the phase angle. The rotating speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is set according to the average parameter value 8.33r/min of the subinterval #3 corresponding to the rotating speed, the stator current amplitude of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is set according to the average parameter value 9.33kA of the subinterval #3 corresponding to the stator current amplitude, and the phase angle of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is set according to the average parameter value-205 deg of the subinterval #3 corresponding to the phase angle. In a specific implementation, the speed of the synchronous magnet motor can be set to 8.33r/min, the stator current amplitude can be set to 9.33kA, and the phase angle can be set to-205 deg by simulation software.
And S102, switching the operation mode of the permanent magnet synchronous motor to a fault mode, and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode according to the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index after the operation mode is switched to the fault mode. The variation of the electromagnetic performance index is an absolute value of a difference between the electromagnetic performance index after the switching to the failure mode and the electromagnetic performance index before the switching to the failure mode.
In particular implementations, the fault modes may include a three-phase short-circuit fault mode, a two-phase short-circuit fault mode, a single-phase open-circuit fault mode, and the like. In the example of the permanent magnet synchronous motor shown in fig. 2, the circuit configuration of the three-phase short-circuit failure mode is shown in fig. 3, and the circuit configuration of the two-phase short-circuit failure mode is shown in fig. 4.
The electromagnetic performance indexes comprise average electromagnetic torque, back electromotive force, torque fluctuation, cogging torque, eddy current loss and the like.
In the implementation of step S102, the following steps S102a and S102b may be included:
and step S102a, calculating the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index after the electromagnetic performance index is switched to the fault mode at the preset temperature. In a specific implementation, the preset temperature may be set according to the temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in a rated state.
Step S102b, adjusting the preset temperature according to the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index, and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode according to the adjusted preset temperature.
In an alternative embodiment of step S102b, if the variation of the electromagnetic performance indicator does not satisfy the condition, the preset temperature is decreased until the variation of the electromagnetic performance indicator at the preset temperature satisfies the condition, and the finally decreased preset temperature is set as the temperature limit corresponding to the failure mode.
In another alternative embodiment of step S102b, if the variation of the electromagnetic performance indicator satisfies the condition, the preset temperature is increased until the variation of the electromagnetic performance indicator at the preset temperature does not satisfy the condition, and the preset temperature before the last increase is set as the temperature limit corresponding to the failure mode.
In specific implementation, if (the variation of the electromagnetic performance index/the electromagnetic performance index before switching to the failure mode) × 100% is greater than a preset threshold, the variation of the electromagnetic performance index is considered not to meet the condition; if (the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index/the electromagnetic performance index before switching to the fault mode) × 100% is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index is considered to meet the condition.
In a specific implementation of step S102b, the adjustment step size of the preset temperature may be set to Δ T, for example, the preset temperature is decreased by Δ T each time, or the preset temperature is increased by Δ T each time. The selection of the adjustment step length delta T can be comprehensively considered by referring to the temperature coefficient of the permanent magnet material, the requirement of the motor application occasion, the requirement of the electromagnetic performance index accuracy and other conditions.
Fig. 5 is used to show the demagnetization curve of a permanent magnet material from 60 to 85 c. Fig. 6 is used to show the current of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the three-phase short-circuit fault mode. Fig. 7 is used to show the demagnetization profile after switching the permanent magnet synchronous machine to the failure mode. Fig. 8 is used to illustrate the comparative effect of the average electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous machine before and after demagnetization.
In the above example in which the #27 operation interval is the target operation interval, the preset temperature is set to 70 ℃, the operation mode of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is switched to the three-phase short-circuit fault mode, and the generated three-phase currents are as shown in fig. 6. Referring to a demagnetization curve of the permanent magnet material of 70 ℃ in fig. 5, the average electromagnetic torque before switching to the three-phase short-circuit fault mode, that is, before demagnetization is calculated to be 12.51MNm, demagnetization occurs in the permanent magnet of the permanent magnet synchronous motor after switching to the three-phase short-circuit fault mode, the demagnetization distribution is shown in fig. 7, wherein gray in the figure represents the non-demagnetization part of the permanent magnet, and black in the figure represents the demagnetization part of the permanent magnet. The average electromagnetic torque after demagnetization was calculated to be 12.40MNm, and the comparative effect before and after demagnetization is shown in fig. 8. Since (the variation of the electromagnetic performance index/the electromagnetic performance index before switching to the failure mode) × 100%, (12.51-12.40)/12.51 × 100%, (0.88%) is greater than the preset threshold value 0.5%, the preset temperature is sequentially lowered by Δ T ═ 5 ℃ until the variation of the electromagnetic performance index satisfies the condition, that is, (the variation of the electromagnetic performance index/the electromagnetic performance index before switching to the failure mode) × 100% is equal to or less than the preset threshold value 0.5%. In actual calculation, when the preset temperature is reduced to 60 ℃, the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index meets the condition. Therefore, 60 ℃ is taken as the temperature limit corresponding to the three-phase short-circuit failure mode.
And step S103, determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the target operation interval according to the temperature limit value corresponding to at least one fault mode.
In the above example, steps S101 to S103 are repeatedly executed for each of the two-phase short-circuit failure mode, the single-phase short-circuit failure mode, and the single-phase open-circuit failure mode, and the temperature limit values corresponding to the two-phase short-circuit failure mode, the single-phase short-circuit failure mode, and the single-phase open-circuit failure mode are obtained as 70 degrees celsius, 60 degrees celsius, and 75 degrees celsius, respectively.
In some cases where the reliability requirement is very high, the minimum of the temperature limits corresponding to at least one failure mode may be the temperature limit corresponding to the target operating interval. In the above example, the temperature limits corresponding to the four failure modes were 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 60 ℃ and 75 ℃, respectively, and the minimum value of 60 ℃ was taken as the temperature limit corresponding to the #27 operating interval.
In some cases with higher reliability requirements, the temperature limits may be weighted and summed according to the probability distribution of the failure mode corresponding to each temperature limit, so as to obtain the temperature limit corresponding to the target operation interval. In the above example, it is statistically determined that the probability of the occurrence of the three-phase short-circuit fault is 0.1, the probability of the occurrence of the two-phase short-circuit fault is 0.3, the probability of the occurrence of the single-phase short-circuit fault is 0.2, and the probability of the occurrence of the single-phase open-circuit fault is 0.4. The temperature limits for the four failure modes are then weighted and summed to obtain 60℃ by 0.1+70℃ by 0.3+60℃ by 0.2+75℃ by 0.4 — 69℃, with 69℃ as the temperature limit for the #27 operating interval.
In some cases where the reliability requirement is general or where a fault occurs and the maintenance is easy, the average value, the root mean square or the median of the temperature limits corresponding to at least one fault mode may be used as the temperature limit corresponding to the target operation interval.
It should be noted that the temperature limit determined according to the variation of the electromagnetic performance index in the present embodiment is actually the temperature limit of the permanent magnet in the permanent magnet synchronous motor. Because the permanent magnet is sensitive to temperature rise, the temperature limit value of the permanent magnet can be used as the temperature limit value of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the practical application of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In the embodiment, the temperature limit values of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in different operation intervals are determined according to different fault modes, so that the corresponding temperature limit values can be switched in real time in different operation intervals of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor can still keep high reliability in the whole life cycle in the face of various fault risks.
The method for determining the temperature limit of the permanent magnet synchronous single machine is described below by taking a double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as an example.
The double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor in this example has the same geometrical dimensions as the single three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor in the above example, except for the different winding structure. The partial structure of the double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is shown in fig. 9, wherein the white part is one set of windings, and the gray part is the other set of windings. For a double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor structure, it is generally assumed that the amplitude of the stator current of each set of windings is half of that of a single three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the phase angle is kept constant. The steady state operating parameters for 27 operating intervals in a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
Different from the single three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, the double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor has two operation conditions: the double-winding operation condition is a normal operation condition, and the single-winding operation condition is a fault-tolerant operation condition.
And for the double-winding operation condition, namely the normal operation condition, switching one set of windings to different fault modes, maintaining the other set of windings to be in normal current, and repeating the steps S101 to S103 to obtain the temperature limit values corresponding to different operation intervals under the normal operation condition. In the example of the double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor shown in fig. 9, the circuit structure in the three-phase short-circuit fault mode under the normal operation condition is shown in fig. 10. For 27 operation intervals of the double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor under the normal operation condition, the double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is respectively switched to a three-phase short-circuit fault mode, a two-phase short-circuit fault mode, a single-phase short-circuit fault mode and a single-phase open-circuit fault mode, and the calculated temperature limit values are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
For the single-winding operation condition, namely the fault-tolerant operation condition, one set of windings is in an open circuit, and only one set of windings can work normally. And repeating the steps S101 to S103 for the windings which can normally work to obtain the temperature limit values corresponding to different operation intervals under the fault-tolerant operation condition. In the example of the double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor shown in fig. 9, the circuit structure of the three-phase short-circuit fault mode under the fault-tolerant operation condition is shown in fig. 11. For 27 operation intervals of the double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor under the fault-tolerant operation condition, the double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is respectively switched to a three-phase short-circuit fault mode, a two-phase short-circuit fault mode, a single-phase short-circuit fault mode and a single-phase open-circuit fault mode, and the calculated temperature limit values are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6
| Sequence number of run interval | Temperature (. degree.C.) | Sequence number of run interval | Temperature (. degree.C.) | Sequence number of run interval | Temperature (. degree.C.) |
| #1 | 80 | #10 | 70 | #19 | 65 |
| #2 | 80 | #11 | 70 | #20 | 65 |
| #3 | 80 | #12 | 70 | #21 | 65 |
| #4 | 75 | #13 | 65 | #22 | 60 |
| #5 | 75 | #14 | 65 | #23 | 60 |
| #6 | 75 | #15 | 65 | #24 | 60 |
| #7 | 70 | #16 | 65 | #25 | 50 |
| #8 | 70 | #17 | 65 | #26 | 50 |
| #9 | 70 | #18 | 65 | #27 | 50 |
For a double three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, under the normal operation condition and the fault-tolerant operation condition, the temperature limit values of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in different operation intervals are determined according to different fault modes respectively, so that the corresponding temperature limit values can be switched in real time in different operation intervals of the permanent magnet synchronous motor under different operation conditions, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor can still maintain high reliability in the whole life cycle in the face of various fault risks.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a method for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor, as shown in fig. 12, including the following steps S201 to S203:
step S201, monitoring the operation parameters and the operation temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Step S202, judging whether the operating temperature exceeds a temperature limit value corresponding to the operating parameter, if so, executing step S203, otherwise, returning to step S201, and continuously monitoring the operating parameter and the operating temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In an optional implementation manner, step S202 specifically includes:
step S202a, determining a target operation interval corresponding to the operation parameter;
step S202b, determining that the operating temperature exceeds a temperature limit value corresponding to the target operating interval.
In the embodiment, different temperature limit values are switched in real time according to the operation interval of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, so that the permanent magnet synchronous motor can still maintain high reliability in the whole life cycle in the face of various fault risks.
In an alternative embodiment, the temperature limit corresponding to the target operation interval in step S202b is determined by using the method for determining the temperature limit of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in example 1. It should be noted that the temperature limit determined by the method for determining the temperature limit of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in embodiment 1 according to the variation of the electromagnetic performance index is actually the temperature limit of the permanent magnet in the permanent magnet synchronous motor. Because the permanent magnet is sensitive to temperature rise, the temperature limit value of the permanent magnet can be used as the temperature limit value of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the practical application of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
And step S203, controlling the permanent magnet synchronous motor to stop running.
The embodiment also provides a control device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the control method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a wind generating set, which comprises a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a control device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the embodiment 2. The control device is electrically connected with the permanent magnet synchronous motor and used for controlling the operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In the embodiment, different temperature limit values can be switched in real time according to the running interval of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, so that the permanent magnet synchronous motor can still keep higher reliability in the whole life cycle facing various fault risks, and meanwhile, the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be ensured to be capable of fully generating power under the running state with smaller risk.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the method of determining a temperature limit value of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of embodiment 1 or the method of controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor of embodiment 2.
More specific examples, among others, that the readable storage medium may employ may include, but are not limited to: a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory, read only memory, erasable programmable read only memory, optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
In a possible embodiment, the invention can also be implemented in the form of a program product comprising program code for causing a terminal device to carry out the method of determining a limit value for a permanent magnet synchronous motor of embodiment 1 or the method of controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor of embodiment 2 when the program product is run on the terminal device.
Where program code for carrying out the invention is written in any combination of one or more programming languages, the program code may be executed entirely on the user device, partly on the user device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user device and partly on a remote device or entirely on the remote device.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. A method for determining the temperature limit value of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting operation parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to parameter values corresponding to a target operation interval, wherein the target operation interval is any one of operation intervals, and the operation interval is determined by parameter values of the permanent magnet synchronous motor which can be operated;
switching the operation mode of the permanent magnet synchronous motor to a fault mode, and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode according to the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index after switching to the fault mode;
and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the target operation interval according to the temperature limit value corresponding to at least one fault mode.
2. The determination method of claim 1, further comprising:
aiming at least one operation parameter, acquiring a parameter value of the permanent magnet synchronous motor which can be operated;
determining subintervals corresponding to the operating parameters respectively according to the acquired parameter values;
and combining all the subintervals to obtain an operation interval.
3. The determination method according to claim 2, wherein the step of setting the operating parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the parameter values corresponding to the target operating interval specifically comprises:
and setting the operation parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the average parameter values of the target subintervals, wherein the target subintervals are subintervals corresponding to the target operation intervals.
4. The method of determining as defined in claim 1, wherein determining the temperature limit corresponding to the fault mode based on an amount of change in the electromagnetic performance indicator after switching to the fault mode comprises:
calculating the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index after the electromagnetic performance index is switched to the fault mode at the preset temperature;
and adjusting the preset temperature according to the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index, and determining a temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode according to the adjusted preset temperature.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step of adjusting the preset temperature according to the variation of the electromagnetic performance indicator and determining the temperature limit corresponding to the fault mode according to the adjusted preset temperature specifically includes:
if the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index does not meet the condition, reducing the preset temperature until the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index at the preset temperature meets the condition, and setting the finally reduced preset temperature as a temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode;
or if the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index meets the condition, increasing the preset temperature until the variable quantity of the electromagnetic performance index does not meet the condition at the preset temperature, and setting the preset temperature before the last increase as the temperature limit value corresponding to the fault mode.
6. The method of determining according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining a temperature limit corresponding to the target operating interval based on a temperature limit corresponding to at least one failure mode specifically comprises:
and taking the minimum value of the temperature limit values corresponding to at least one fault mode as the temperature limit value corresponding to the target operation interval.
7. The method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the operating parameter comprises at least one of: rotational speed, stator current amplitude, phase angle.
8. The method of determining according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the fault mode comprises a three-phase short-circuit fault mode, a two-phase short-circuit fault mode, a single-phase short-circuit fault mode, or a single-phase open-circuit fault mode.
9. The determination method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the electromagnetic performance indicator comprises an average electromagnetic torque, a back-emf, a torque ripple, a cogging torque, or an eddy current loss.
10. A control method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
monitoring the operation parameters and the operation temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous motor;
and if the operating temperature exceeds the temperature limit value corresponding to the operating parameter, controlling the permanent magnet synchronous motor to stop operating.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the step of controlling the permanent magnet synchronous motor to stop operating if the operating temperature exceeds the temperature limit corresponding to the operating parameter specifically comprises:
determining a target operation interval corresponding to the operation parameter;
and if the operating temperature exceeds the temperature limit value corresponding to the target operating interval, controlling the permanent magnet synchronous motor to stop operating.
12. Control method according to claim 11, characterized in that the temperature limit value corresponding to the target operating interval is determined by means of the determination method according to any one of claims 1-9.
13. A control device of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the control method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 10-12 when executing the computer program.
14. A wind power plant comprising a permanent magnet synchronous machine and a control device of the permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 13, the control device being electrically connected to the permanent magnet synchronous machine.
15. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method for determining a temperature limit value of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 1-9 or the method for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 10-12.
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