CN113417700A - Dynamic monitoring system and method for stripping amount change of shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure - Google Patents
Dynamic monitoring system and method for stripping amount change of shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113417700A CN113417700A CN202110736072.2A CN202110736072A CN113417700A CN 113417700 A CN113417700 A CN 113417700A CN 202110736072 A CN202110736072 A CN 202110736072A CN 113417700 A CN113417700 A CN 113417700A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic monitoring system and a dynamic monitoring method for the stripping amount change of a shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure, wherein the system comprises a sensing system, a signal transmission system and a data acquisition system; displacement and strain signals generated on the monitoring site are respectively sensed by a sensing system, and voltage signals are output; in the signal transmission system, a tiny voltage signal sent by a sensor is amplified and transmitted in a voltage-current-voltage mode, the signal is transmitted to a data acquisition system, the data acquisition system discriminates the received voltage signal, and when a train passing through a monitoring section is identified, software automatically starts data acquisition and storage. The invention can meet the requirement of high-frequency monitoring and intelligently control the start and stop of data acquisition, the data can directly reflect the change of stripping amount, the accuracy and the reliability of the monitoring data are ensured, the influence of the dynamic load action of the train on the stripping diseases is intuitively reflected, and a basis is provided for the research of disease mechanisms and treatment methods in the future.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of real-time monitoring of the stripping amount of a shield tunnel ballast bed and a segment, and particularly relates to a dynamic monitoring system and method for the stripping amount change of a shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure.
Background
With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the construction of the subway tunnel is rapidly developing, a large amount of track bed stripping diseases appear in the operation period after the subway tunnel is built and communicated with a train, the stripping diseases can cause flowing water of a drainage ditch to permeate into the bottom of the track bed, and further crack slurry turning and mud pumping and track bed emptying are caused under the dynamic load action of the train, so that the running stability of the train and the operation safety of the subway are directly influenced, and the subway tunnel construction method is a great potential safety hazard. The train vibration is considered to be a main influence factor causing the stripping diseases, the integrity of the duct piece and the track bed is influenced under the train vibration effect, and when the vibration load exceeds the adhesive force, the vibration deformation of the duct piece and the track bed is not coordinated, so that the stripping diseases are generated, the service life is shortened, and the safety is influenced. Therefore, the determination of the change rule of the stripping crack under the action of the dynamic load of the train has important significance for disease research.
The method for automatically monitoring the stripping diseases on site adopts a static level gauge, wherein the static level gauge is respectively arranged at the arch waist of the segment of the shield tunnel of the selected monitoring section and on the whole track bed, the vertical displacement of the static level gauge in the monitoring period is monitored for a long time, and the stripping amount of the track bed-segment in the monitoring period is reflected by the difference of the displacement of the shield segment and the track bed. The feasibility of the method is verified in field monitoring, but the monitoring data acquisition frequency of the hydrostatic level is low, and the method can only show the long-term change of the stripping amount and cannot reflect the change rule of the stripping amount when a train passes through a section.
The conventional method for monitoring the peeling amount of the track bed and the duct piece on site mainly comprises the steps of fixing a static level gauge on the duct piece and the track bed respectively on the basis of the static level gauge, reading vertical displacement data according to specified frequency, and indirectly reflecting the change of the peeling amount by using the difference between the displacement data of the track bed and the displacement data of the duct piece read in a monitoring period. The following disadvantages mainly exist in the monitoring method: 1) the monitoring frequency is very low, and the change rule of the stripping amount of the train passing through the monitoring section cannot be intuitively reflected; 2) the data acquisition frequency can only be preset and fixed in advance, the data acquisition can not be intelligently controlled to start and stop according to the conditions in the hole, a large amount of invalid data can be recorded, and the workload of later-stage data processing is increased. 3) The acquired data can reflect the change of the stripping amount only by performing difference calculation, and the data is not intuitive enough and errors can be superposed.
Interpretation of terms:
dynamic load of the train: during the running process of the train, the load generated on the track structure acts.
The stripping amount of the ballast bed-segment structure: after the subway shield tunnel is built into a traffic train, the integrity of the duct piece and the track bed is influenced under the vibration action of the train, when the vibration load exceeds the size of the bonding force, the vibration deformation of the duct piece and the track bed is not coordinated, and relative displacement is generated, and the relative displacement is the stripping amount of the track bed-duct piece structure.
The dynamic monitoring method for the change of the stripping amount comprises the following steps: a method for monitoring the change rule of the stripping amount when the train passes through the monitoring section which generates the stripping disease.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a dynamic monitoring system and a dynamic monitoring method for the stripping amount change of a shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure.
The invention discloses a dynamic monitoring system for the stripping amount change of a shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure.
The sensing system comprises a spring self-resetting linear displacement meter and a resistive surface strain gauge.
The spring self-resetting linear displacement meter is fixed in the protective shell, and the protective shell is fixed on the drainage ditch of the track bed through a bracket; the tail part of the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter is connected with a flexible string which goes around the fixed pulley, goes deep into the stripping crack along the vertical direction and is fastened to the shield pipe sheet through a bolt.
The resistance surface strain gauge is adhered to the middle of the steel rail span and clings to two sides of the edge of the upper surface of the rail bottom.
The signal transmission system comprises an MO signal transmitting module, a millivolt signal transmitter and a joint measurement signal isolation converter; the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter and the resistance type surface strain gauge are respectively connected with the MO signal transmission module and the millivolt signal transmitter, and output voltages of the MO signal transmission module and the millivolt signal transmitter are respectively converted into current signals; and then the current signal is converted into a voltage signal by connecting a joint measurement signal isolation converter in a subway communication channel through a cable shielding wire with the length of 100 m.
The data acquisition system comprises a data acquisition card and data acquisition software, wherein the data acquisition card converts the voltage signal into a digital signal, and then the digital signal is acquired and stored by the data acquisition software.
Further, the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter is a Miron KTR12 spring self-resetting linear displacement meter; the resistance type surface strain gauge is an XHZ-212 resistance type surface strain gauge; the simultaneous measurement signal isolation converter is an SIN-502 simultaneous measurement signal isolation converter; the data acquisition card is a USB6005 data acquisition card.
Further, the spring self-resetting linear displacement meters were arranged in 5 groups in series at the positions where peeling defects were found.
A dynamic monitoring method for the stripping amount change of a shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure is characterized in that the dynamic monitoring system for the stripping amount change of the shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure is used and comprises the following steps:
at the monitoring site: a spring self-resetting linear displacement meter monitors the stripping amount of a track bed and a shield segment when a train passes through a monitoring section, and outputs a voltage signal; the resistance-type surface strain gauge monitors the dynamic load of the train and outputs a voltage signal; the MO signal transmitting module and the millivolt signal transmitter respectively convert the voltage signals into current signals with the range of 4-20 mA, and the cable shielding wires transmit the current signals to a subway communication channel from a monitoring site.
In the subway communication channel: the joint measurement signal isolation converter converts a 4-20 mA current signal into a 0-5V voltage signal; the data acquisition software sets an acquisition threshold and an acquisition delay, when the voltage change exceeds the acquisition threshold compared with the initial value, the train passes through the monitoring section, and the data acquisition software starts the acquisition and storage of data; and after the acquisition delay, the data acquisition is stopped, and when the next train passes, the system is automatically started again.
Further, the acquisition threshold is 0.5V; the acquisition delay is 10 s.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention can meet the requirement of high-frequency monitoring and intelligently control the start and stop of data acquisition, the data can directly reflect the change of stripping amount, the accuracy and the reliability of the monitoring data are ensured, the influence of the dynamic load action of the train on the stripping diseases is intuitively reflected, and a basis is provided for the research of disease mechanisms and treatment methods in the future.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dynamic monitoring system for the change of the stripping amount of a shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation and structure of the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement position of the resistive surface strain gauges.
FIG. 4 is a data acquisition software system interface.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
The dynamic monitoring system for the stripping amount change of the shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a sensing system, a signal transmission system and a data acquisition system.
A sensing system: comprises a spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 and a resistance type surface strain gauge 8. The method is characterized in that a sensing system, namely an on-site sensor, is arranged, on-site monitoring is divided into two parts, one part is monitoring of the change of the stripping amount, and the other part is monitoring of the dynamic load of the train, which is needed because a system is needed to automatically sense the passing section of the train, the surface strain of the steel rail of the section is changed when the train passes through the monitoring section, and the dynamic load of the train is determined by measuring the strain, so that the passing of the steel rail through the monitoring section is reflected.
The spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 is installed as shown in figure 2, the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 is fixed inside a protective shell 2, the protective shell 2 is fixed on a drainage ditch of a track bed 6 through a support 5, and the protective shell 2 and the fixed support 5 can protect the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 from being influenced by drainage water and other external environments and keep the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 and the track bed relatively static. The tail part of the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 is connected with a flexible string 3, the flexible string 3 bypasses a fixed pulley 4, goes deep into a stripping crack along the vertical direction, and is tightly fixed on a shield segment 7 through a bolt. When the train passes through the monitoring section, the track bed 6 and the shield segment 7 are relatively displaced, the stripping amount is changed, the flexible string 3 and the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 connected with the flexible string are displaced, and the output voltage signal is changed. The spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 was arranged in 5 groups in series at the position where the peeling defect was found, so that the error was reduced in the data analysis after the completion of the monitoring.
The arrangement position of the resistance type surface strain gauge is shown in fig. 3, and the resistance type surface strain gauge 8 is adhered to the midspan position of the steel rail 9 and tightly attached to two sides of the edge of the upper surface of the rail bottom. In fig. 3, 10 is a sleeper and 11 is a rail clip. By combining numerical simulation calculation and laboratory calibration experiments, the strain of the measuring point is linearly increased along with the vertical force acting on the surface of the steel rail span, so that the output voltage of the strain gauge can directly reflect the dynamic load of the train when the train passes through the section.
A signal transmission system: the device comprises an MO signal transmitting module, a millivolt signal transmitter and a joint measurement signal isolation converter. Because the voltage output by the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 and the resistance type surface strain gauge 8 is very tiny millivolt-level voltage, when signals are transmitted to a control room for data acquisition in a long distance, voltage signals are easy to attenuate and even lose due to the influence of cable resistance and external electromagnetic interference, and the stability of current signals in the transmission process is considered, and the current signals cannot be influenced by the cable resistance, so that the current signals are adopted for long-distance signal transmission.
The spring self-resetting linear displacement meter 1 and the resistance-type surface strain gauge 8 are connected to an MO signal transmission module and a millivolt signal transmitter respectively, output voltage of the MO signal transmission module and the millivolt signal transmitter is converted into current in a range of 4-20 mA respectively, a cable shielding wire with the length of 100m is connected, signals are transmitted into a subway communication channel from a monitoring site, then an SIN-502 joint measurement signal isolation converter is used for converting 4-20 mA current signals into 0-5V voltage signals so as to facilitate identification of a collection card, and the signal transmission process is completed.
A data acquisition system: after the signals are converted into voltage signals again, the voltage signals are connected to a USB6005 data acquisition card, and the voltage signals are identified by computer software through the data acquisition card. The software recognizes the digital signal of the acquisition card and starts the acquisition and storage of data. Here, software is needed to be able to recognize that a train passes through a monitoring section according to the change of the signal to automatically start data collection. The vertical force of the wheel rail acting on the steel rail when the A type of subway train is empty is 90kN, the total load of passengers is considered to be not more than 200kN, after an indoor calibration experiment is carried out and the signal amplification factor of a signal transmission system is adjusted, the linear change of an output signal in the range of 0-1.5V when the vertical force of the wheel rail of the dynamic load monitoring part of the train is 0-200 kN is determined. Therefore, an acquisition threshold value can be set for software, when the output voltage change of the dynamic load monitoring part of the train exceeds 0.5V compared with the initial value, the train passes through the monitoring section, the software starts data acquisition and storage, the time for the train to pass through the section is calculated to be 8.5s, therefore, the acquisition delay is set to be 10s, the software stops data acquisition after 10s, the acquisition is automatically started again when the next train passes through, and the steps are repeated, so that the change condition of the stripping amount when all trains pass through the section in the monitoring period can be measured. And in the stripping amount monitoring part, a sensor signal reaches an acquisition system through a transmission system, the signal output range is 0-5V, the linear change is realized within the range of 0-15 mm, the monitoring precision is 0.015mm, and the corresponding voltage is 0.005V, so that 3-bit decimal is reserved for data acquisition.
FIG. 4 shows data acquisition software, wherein channels 0 and 1 are used for monitoring dynamic load data of a train, and channels 2-6 are used for monitoring stripping amount. Firstly, the single-channel data acquisition frequency is set to be 500Hz, the acquisition threshold value is set to be 0.5V by taking the channel 0 as a standard, the acquisition delay time is set to be 10s, 3 decimal places are reserved for the acquired data, and the monitoring range is 0-5V. After parameter setting is finished, clicking 'selection parameter value' to determine acquisition parameters, then clicking 'restore initial value key' and 'acquisition initial value' in sequence to finish storage of initial data, clicking 'start acquisition', and starting system operation. When the train passes through the monitoring section, the change of the identified data of the channel 0 exceeds 0.5V, the system continuously acquires and stores the data of the channels 0-6 at the frequency of 500Hz for 10s, the data acquisition stops after 10s, and when the next train passes through, the system automatically starts the data acquisition of the channels 0-6 again.
1. Compared with the traditional field monitoring method, the method applies the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter to the monitoring of the stripping amount for the first time, has higher precision and higher monitoring frequency compared with the traditional method, and the acquired data can accurately reflect the dynamic change process of the stripping amount under the dynamic load of the train.
2. The key point of the invention lies in that a weak voltage signal is converted into a current signal with small interference from the outside for transmission by using an electric signal conversion method in the process from monitoring to data acquisition on site, and finally the current signal is converted into a voltage signal to be convenient for the acquisition card to identify.
3. The core of the invention is the realization of intelligently identifying the passing of the train through the monitoring section and automatically collecting data. The data acquisition system is developed to identify the data received by the acquisition card, an acquisition threshold value is set according to the voltage change of the train dynamic load monitoring module when the train is about to pass through the fracture, when the voltage is changed to exceed the set threshold value compared with the initial voltage value, the system automatically starts data acquisition, and an acquisition delay is set to control the acquisition duration time of each time, so that the acquired data when the train passes through the fracture is ensured as far as possible. The data acquisition mode effectively saves the storage space of a computer and reduces the workload of post data processing.
4. The method is not only suitable for measuring the change of the stripping amount of the track bed-segment structure under the action of dynamic load of the train, but also suitable for dynamically monitoring the relative displacement between other structures when the train passes through a monitoring section in various railway tunnels.
Claims (5)
1. A shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure stripping amount change dynamic monitoring system is characterized by comprising a sensing system, a signal transmission system and a data acquisition system;
the sensing system comprises a spring self-resetting linear displacement meter (1) and a resistance type surface strain gauge (8);
the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter (1) is fixed inside the protective shell (2), and the protective shell (2) is fixed on a drainage ditch of the track bed (6) through a support (5); the tail part of the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter (1) is connected with a flexible string (3), the flexible string (3) bypasses a fixed pulley (4), goes deep into a stripping crack along the vertical direction, and is fastened to a shield segment (7) through a bolt;
the resistance type surface strain gauge (8) is adhered to the midspan position of the steel rail (9) and clings to two sides of the edge of the upper surface of the rail bottom;
the signal transmission system comprises an MO signal transmitting module, a millivolt signal transmitter and a joint measurement signal isolation converter; the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter (1) and the resistance type surface strain gauge (8) are respectively connected with the MO signal transmitting module and the millivolt signal transmitter, and output voltages of the MO signal transmitting module and the millivolt signal transmitter are respectively converted into current signals; then, a 100m long cable shielded wire is connected with a joint measurement signal isolation converter in a subway communication channel to convert a current signal into a voltage signal;
the data acquisition system comprises a data acquisition card and data acquisition software, wherein the data acquisition card converts the voltage signal into a digital signal, and then the digital signal is acquired and stored by the data acquisition software.
2. The shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure stripping amount change dynamic monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter (1) is a Milan KTR12 spring self-resetting linear displacement meter; the resistance type surface strain gauge (8) is an XHZ-212 resistance type surface strain gauge; the simultaneous measurement signal isolation converter is an SIN-502 simultaneous measurement signal isolation converter; the data acquisition card is a USB6005 data acquisition card.
3. The shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure stripping amount change dynamic monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring self-resetting linear displacement meters (1) are arranged in 5 groups in succession at the position where stripping diseases are found.
4. A dynamic monitoring method for the change of the stripping amount of the tunnel bed-segment structure of the shield tunnel, which uses the dynamic monitoring system for the change of the stripping amount of the tunnel bed-segment structure of the shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
at the monitoring site: the spring self-resetting linear displacement meter (1) monitors the stripping amount of a track bed (6) and a shield segment (7) when a train passes through a monitoring section, and outputs a voltage signal; the resistance-type surface strain gauge (8) monitors the dynamic load of the train and outputs a voltage signal; the MO signal transmitting module and the millivolt signal transmitter respectively convert the voltage signals into current signals with the range of 4-20 mA, and the cable shielding wire transmits the current signals from a monitoring site to a subway communication channel;
in the subway communication channel: the joint measurement signal isolation converter converts a 4-20 mA current signal into a 0-5V voltage signal; the data acquisition software sets an acquisition threshold and an acquisition delay, when the voltage change exceeds the acquisition threshold compared with the initial value, the train passes through the monitoring section, and the data acquisition software starts the acquisition and storage of data; and after the acquisition delay, the data acquisition is stopped, and when the next train passes, the system is automatically started again.
5. The method for dynamically monitoring the peeling amount change of the shield tunnel ballast bed-segment structure according to claim 4, wherein the collection threshold is 0.5V; the acquisition delay is 10 s.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115684180A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-02-03 | 东南大学 | Detection method for determining separation of subway bed pipe piece from seam |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115684180A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-02-03 | 东南大学 | Detection method for determining separation of subway bed pipe piece from seam |
| CN115684180B (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2024-06-11 | 东南大学 | Subway ballast tube piece gap judgment void detection method |
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