CN113413500B - Intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system - Google Patents
Intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113413500B CN113413500B CN202110958327.XA CN202110958327A CN113413500B CN 113413500 B CN113413500 B CN 113413500B CN 202110958327 A CN202110958327 A CN 202110958327A CN 113413500 B CN113413500 B CN 113413500B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cerebrospinal fluid
- fluid pressure
- intracranial
- pressure value
- patient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/03—Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs
- A61B5/031—Intracranial pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/03—Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs
- A61B5/032—Spinal fluid pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M27/00—Drainage appliance for wounds or the like, i.e. wound drains, implanted drains
- A61M27/002—Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another
- A61M27/006—Cerebrospinal drainage; Accessories therefor, e.g. valves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0247—Pressure sensors
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and can solve the problems that intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring are carried out separately in the prior art, the operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and infection is easily caused. The system comprises: the drainage tube, the drainage device and the monitoring device; one end of the drainage tube is inserted into the ventricle of the brain of the patient, and the other end of the drainage tube is connected with the drainage device; the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube inserted into the ventricle of the patient is provided with a film pressure sensor, the film pressure sensor is connected with a lead, and the other end of the lead is connected with a monitoring device; the film pressure sensor is used for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricles of the brain of a patient; the lead is used for transmitting the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal to the monitoring device. The invention is used for intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.
Background
An Extra Ventricular Drainage (EVD) is one of the most widely applied emergency treatment measures in neurosurgery, and is mainly used for emergency treatment or definite diagnosis of diseases causing intracranial pressure increase; intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is an integral component of critical neurological therapy. IPC monitoring has been applied to clinical treatment management of patients with craniocerebral injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial tumors, intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, hydrocephalus, central nervous system infection, and fulminant hepatic failure.
When intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring are carried out, the prior art means mainly adopts an intracerebroventricular catheter, an external drainage tube and a sensor device. However, most of the ventricular external drainage systems and intracranial pressure monitors used in clinical practice are respectively and independently packaged, and after a patient needs to go to an operating room for ventricular external drainage, a pipeline is opened by a medical worker to connect the intracranial pressure monitoring system, so that the operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and infection is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, which can solve the problems that intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring are carried out separately in the prior art, the operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and infection is easily caused.
The invention provides an intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, which comprises: the drainage tube, the drainage device and the monitoring device; one end of the drainage tube is inserted into the ventricle of the brain of the patient, and the other end of the drainage tube is connected with the drainage device; a film pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube inserted into the ventricle of the patient, a lead is connected to the film pressure sensor, and the other end of the lead is connected with the monitoring device; the film pressure sensor is used for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricles of the brain of a patient; the lead is used for transmitting the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal to the monitoring device.
Optionally, the thin film pressure sensor is used for continuously collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricles of the brain of the patient within a preset time period.
Optionally, the thin film pressure sensor is based on a pressure-capacitance type piezoelectric thin film sensor.
Optionally, the system further includes a correcting unit, where the correcting unit is configured to convert the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal continuously collected within a preset time period into a corresponding cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and correct the cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.
Optionally, the correction unit includes an acquisition subunit and a processing subunit;
the acquisition subunit is configured to acquire a current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured by the thin film pressure sensor, and acquire all N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values before the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value when the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value is 0; recording a first cerebrospinal fluid pressure value of the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values as an initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value;
the processing subunit is configured to obtain an instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value according to the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values, calculate a difference between the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and use the difference as a corrected current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.
Optionally, the piezoelectric material of the pressure-capacitance-type piezoelectric thin film sensor is polyvinylidene fluoride.
The invention can produce the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, only one drainage tube is arranged, intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring can be simultaneously carried out, and therefore the problems that in the prior art, intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring are carried out separately, operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and infection is easily caused are effectively solved; meanwhile, the thin film pressure sensor for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricles of the patient is arranged on the inner wall (namely intracranial) of one end, inserted into the ventricles of the patient, of the drainage tube, so that the measurement of the intracranial pressure is more accurate.
(2) According to the intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, polyvinylidene fluoride is selected as the piezoelectric material based on the pressure-capacitance type piezoelectric film sensor, so that the pressure-capacitance type piezoelectric film sensor is good in piezoelectric performance and convenient to process and install.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intracranial flow guiding and intracranial pressure measuring integrated system provided by an embodiment of the invention.
List of parts and reference numerals:
11. a drainage tube; 12. a drainage device; 13. a monitoring device; 14. a thin film pressure sensor; 15. and (4) conducting wires.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in figure 1: a drainage tube 11, a drainage device 12 and a monitoring device 13; one end of the drainage tube 11 is inserted into the ventricle of the brain of the patient, and the other end is connected with the drainage device 12; a film pressure sensor 14 is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube 11 inserted into the ventricle of the patient, a lead 15 is connected on the film pressure sensor 14, and the other end of the lead 15 is connected with a monitoring device 13; the film pressure sensor 14 is used for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricle of the brain of the patient; the lead 15 is used to conduct cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals to the monitoring device 13. Wherein, the monitoring device can be a monitor.
In practice, the thin film pressure transducer 14 is used to continuously acquire cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals from the ventricle of a patient for a predetermined period of time. The thin film pressure sensor 14 may be a pressure-capacitance-based piezoelectric thin film sensor.
The invention directly measures the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal in the ventricle of the patient by selecting the film pressure sensor 14, because the pressure of the film pressure sensor 14 directly acts on the diaphragm of the sensor in the measuring process, the diaphragm generates micro-displacement which is in direct proportion to the medium pressure, the resistance of the sensor changes, and the change is detected by an electronic circuit and converted to output a standard signal corresponding to the pressure, compared with other sensors, the film pressure sensor 14 has the characteristics of small measuring range, high sensitivity, good anti-interference performance and the like, thereby being suitable for detecting the micro-signals of pulse, tube wall pressure fluctuation and the like. Therefore, the invention adopts the film pressure sensor 14, and can more accurately and rapidly measure the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal in the ventricle of the patient.
The intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring device can simultaneously carry out intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring by only arranging the drainage tube 11, thereby effectively solving the problems that the intracranial diversion and the intracranial pressure monitoring are separately carried out, the operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the infection is easily caused in the prior art; meanwhile, the thin film pressure sensor 14 for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricle of the patient is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube 11 inserted into the ventricle of the patient (namely, in the cranium), so that the measurement of the intracranial pressure is more accurate.
When the selection test of the piezoelectric film sensor is carried out, the two existing piezoelectric film sensors based on the pressure-capacitance type can only detect the dynamic change value of a measurement object, when the measurement object (intracranial pressure) is static and unchanged, the sensor cannot measure, and the output signal becomes zero. When similar conditions occur clinically, the monitor reading will be an abnormal value and will not reflect the actual intracranial pressure condition of the patient.
This occurs because the intracranial pressure fluctuates with the pulsation of the heart, and the amplitude varies from about 0.27 to 0.53kPa (equivalent to 2 to 4 mmHg), which is the result of the expansion of the artery with each beat of the heart. As the respiratory action changes, the intracranial pressure also fluctuates slowly with an amplitude of about 0.7 to 1.33kPa (corresponding to 5 to 10 mmHg), which is the result of venous fluctuations caused by the effect of the intrathoracic pressure on the superior vena cava. In addition, intracranial pressure also has spontaneous rhythmic fluctuation, which is a reaction of systemic vascular and cerebrovascular motion. Because intracranial pressure fluctuates due to a variety of factors, the measured pressure per unit time is of relative significance. To more accurately understand the intracranial pressure, continuous pressure measurement and recording methods should be used.
In order to solve the above problem, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a correcting unit, where the correcting unit is configured to convert the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal continuously collected within a preset time period into a corresponding cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and correct the cerebrospinal fluid pressure value. And correcting the data through a data analog conversion algorithm, and perfecting the defects of the sensor by using the algorithm.
Specifically, the correction unit may include an acquisition subunit and a processing subunit; the acquisition subunit is used for acquiring the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured by the thin film pressure sensor and acquiring all N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values before the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value when the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value is 0; and recording the first cerebrospinal fluid pressure value in the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values as an initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.
And the processing subunit is used for obtaining an instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value according to the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values, calculating a difference value between the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and taking the difference value as a corrected current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.
Wherein, the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value is the first cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured after the thin film pressure sensor is arranged in the ventricle of the brain of the patient.
The processing subunit obtains the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value according to the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values in various ways, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value may be obtained by performing differentiation processing or integration processing on waveforms corresponding to the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values; or the average value or the median value of the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values can be obtained.
Therefore, when a measuring object (the intracranial pressure of a patient) is static and unchanged, the output signal becomes a zero value due to the fact that the film pressure sensor cannot measure aiming at the situation, the output signal is corrected by the correction unit at the moment, the zero value is replaced by the difference value of the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value calculated by the processing subunit, and the difference value is used as the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured by the film pressure sensor at the moment, so that the condition that the reading of a monitor is abnormal and the real intracranial pressure of the patient cannot be reflected is avoided.
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) materials have numerous advantages, such as: the piezoelectric constant d parameter is more than ten times higher than that of quartz; the flexibility and the processing performance are good, and large-area thin film films with different thicknesses and shapes from 5um to lmm can be manufactured, so that the film is suitable for manufacturing large-area sensing array devices; low acoustic impedance: the acoustic impedance of the material is 3.5 multiplied by 10 < -6 > Pa.s/m, the material is only 1/10 of PZT piezoelectric ceramics, the acoustic impedance of the material is very close to that of water and human muscle, the flexibility is good, the material is convenient to be close to a human body, and the material is safe and comfortable when being contacted with the human body, so when the material is used as a sensing element of a hydrophone and a medical instrument, an impedance converter is not needed; early response, flat response at room temperature in the range of 10-5-109Hz, i.e., switching electromechanical effects from quasi-static, low frequency, high frequency, ultrasonic, and ultra-high frequency; a wide dynamic range; the molecular structure chain of PVDF has fluorin atoms, so that it has high chemical stability and fatigue resistance, low hygroscopicity, and good aging stability, i.e. resistance to moisture, most chemicals, oxidants, strong ultraviolet rays and nuclear radiation; high dielectric strength; high mechanical strength and impact resistance; the weight is light; easy to process and install. Therefore, preferably, the piezoelectric material of the pressure-capacitance type piezoelectric thin film sensor is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
Although the present application has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. An intracranial drainage and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, comprising: the device comprises a drainage tube, a drainage device, a monitoring device and a correction unit;
one end of the drainage tube is inserted into the ventricle of the brain of the patient, and the other end of the drainage tube is connected with the drainage device;
the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube inserted into the ventricles of the brain of a patient is provided with a pressure-capacitance-based piezoelectric film sensor, the pressure-capacitance-based piezoelectric film sensor is connected with a lead, the other end of the lead is connected with the monitoring device, and the piezoelectric material of the pressure-capacitance-based piezoelectric film sensor is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF);
the pressure-capacitance-based piezoelectric film sensor is used for continuously collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricles of the brain of a patient within a preset time period; the lead is used for conducting the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal to the monitoring device;
the correction unit is used for converting the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal continuously acquired within a preset time period into a corresponding cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and correcting the cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and comprises an acquisition subunit and a processing subunit;
the acquisition subunit is configured to acquire a current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured by the sensor, and acquire all N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values before the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value when the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value is 0; recording a first cerebrospinal fluid pressure value of the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values as an initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value; wherein the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value is a first cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured after the thin film pressure sensor is placed in the ventricle of the brain of the patient;
the processing subunit is configured to perform differentiation processing or integration processing according to the corresponding waveforms of the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values to obtain an instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, calculate a difference value between the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and use the difference value as a corrected current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110958327.XA CN113413500B (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system |
| PCT/CN2022/112431 WO2023020418A1 (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2022-08-15 | Intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110958327.XA CN113413500B (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113413500A CN113413500A (en) | 2021-09-21 |
| CN113413500B true CN113413500B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
Family
ID=77719683
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110958327.XA Active CN113413500B (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113413500B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023020418A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113413500B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-06-10 | 深圳长久康联生物科技有限公司 | Intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111990985A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-11-27 | 南方科技大学 | Pressure sensor, preparation method and application thereof and intracranial pressure detection equipment |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020161304A1 (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2002-10-31 | Eide Per Kristian | Monitoring pressure in a body cavity |
| US7331236B2 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2008-02-19 | Radi Medical Systems Ab | Pressure sensor |
| US20110066072A1 (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-03-17 | Drexel University | Intracranial pressure sensor |
| CN103040456B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-07-08 | 西安交通大学 | Half-bridge chip planted type intracranial pressure sensor |
| US20140303455A1 (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-09 | Pharmaco-Kinesis Corporation | Multipurpose cerebrospinal fluid sensor assembly and method of operation of the same |
| CN106620901A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-05-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Self-adaption encephalic cerebrospinal fluid drainage device |
| CN110496299A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-26 | 福建医科大学附属第一医院 | A kind of double channel catheter for Persistent Csf purification treatment |
| CN113413500B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-06-10 | 深圳长久康联生物科技有限公司 | Intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system |
-
2021
- 2021-08-20 CN CN202110958327.XA patent/CN113413500B/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-08-15 WO PCT/CN2022/112431 patent/WO2023020418A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111990985A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-11-27 | 南方科技大学 | Pressure sensor, preparation method and application thereof and intracranial pressure detection equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023020418A1 (en) | 2023-02-23 |
| CN113413500A (en) | 2021-09-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101668481B (en) | Non-invasive intracranial monitor | |
| JP2618702B2 (en) | Blood pressure monitoring method and device | |
| US4418700A (en) | Method and apparatus for measurement of heart-related parameters | |
| US9138161B2 (en) | Methods, apparatus and sensor for measurement of cardiovascular quantities | |
| WO2003088838A1 (en) | Methods and systems for distal recording of phonocardiographic signals | |
| KR102127536B1 (en) | Method and device for monitoring blood pressure measurement by arterial catheterization of a patient | |
| US9028416B2 (en) | Method for measuring intracranial elasticity | |
| KR20150082401A (en) | Improved blood pressure monitor and method | |
| WO2014076620A2 (en) | Drift compensation for implanted capacitance-based pressure transducer | |
| CA2689683A1 (en) | Real-time detection of vascular conditions of a subject using arterial pressure waveform analysis | |
| CN113413500B (en) | Intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system | |
| US20030163055A1 (en) | Bodily flow measuring system | |
| US20170112396A1 (en) | A method for determining blood pressure in a blood vessel and device for carrying out said method | |
| JP6224081B2 (en) | Method for monitoring blood pressure using pulse oximetry signals | |
| Lopez et al. | Continuous blood pressure monitoring in daily life | |
| JP4388585B2 (en) | Cardiodynamic measurement device | |
| EP3713483B1 (en) | Pulse wave velocity determination | |
| Neuman | Measurement of blood pressure [tutorial] | |
| CN116115205A (en) | Blood pressure measuring method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium | |
| CA2802969C (en) | Sensor element with an insulation layer | |
| Davis et al. | Improved transducer for external recording of arterial pulse waves | |
| CN215874635U (en) | Disposable pressure sensor fixing device | |
| Cong et al. | Implantable blood pressure monitoring of small animal for advanced biological research | |
| WO2023085278A1 (en) | Blood pressure estimation device and calibration method for blood pressure estimation device | |
| Kumaran et al. | Design and evaluation of a low cost intracranial pressure monitoring system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |