CN113413248A - Clasping type prosthesis capable of retaining intramedullary nail - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a clasping type prosthesis capable of reserving an intramedullary nail, which comprises at least two main body parts, wherein the main body parts are of plate-shaped structures, and a plurality of main body parts are sequentially connected at the outer side of the intramedullary nail to enclose a cavity capable of accommodating the intramedullary nail so as to form the clasping type prosthesis. The main body part of the invention is in an open-loop structure, so that the original intramedullary nail of a patient does not need to be removed, and the main body part is directly clasped to realize assembly on the premise of keeping the intramedullary nail, thereby well avoiding the injury to the bone of the patient in the process of removing the original intramedullary nail, having remarkable effect on shortening the total operation time and further potentially reducing the total bleeding amount in the operation and the infection risk after the operation.

Description

Clasping type prosthesis capable of retaining intramedullary nail

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bone repair, and particularly relates to a clasping type prosthesis capable of retaining an intramedullary nail.

Background

Intramedullary nails are one of the most common implants used in orthopedic internal fixation instruments. In case of femoral injuries, for example, most fracture types in most other sites, except for a few metaphyseal fractures, can be well fixed early using intramedullary nails. The intramedullary nail can better control the axial force line of a fracture part, and meanwhile, the intramedullary nail has light damage to periosteum blood circulation, and the intramedullary nail can be placed and taken out in a minimally invasive surgery mode, so that the intramedullary nail is long favored by the field of orthopedic treatment. Besides, intramedullary nails can also be used for cases such as primary tumor-like lesions of part of bones, tumor bone metastasis, bone infectious necrosis, and the like. Intramedullary nails can also be used for stabilization of arthrodesis, guidance of bone grafting, and the like, and have a relatively wide range of visible applications.

Both before and after intramedullary nail implantation, there is a certain chance of bone defects, which may originate from osteonecrosis due to fracture trauma, and also from infectious necrosis, tumorous necrosis. In some cases, the surgeon may also manually cut off a portion of the bone due to the surgical need to remove the lesion.

For intramedullary nail patients with bone defects, the reconstruction of the bone structure is usually required to be carried out as soon as possible, so that the limb functions of the patients can be retained to the maximum extent, and the life quality is improved. The existing reconstruction mode mainly comprises an artificial bone plate, a segmented tumor prosthesis, a fixed steel plate and the like. These approaches can basically fulfill the basic requirements of reconstructing a bone defect of a patient, but still leave a lot of hidden troubles in the treatment process, so that the clinical application of the method is limited. The main reasons are as follows: 1. although the artificial bone plate can be well compatible with an intramedullary nail structure and can fix the artificial bone and the residual bone of a patient through the fixing steel plate, the artificial bone plate has poor mechanical strength and has higher risk of failure under the action of long-term stress of load-bearing parts such as thighbone, shinbone and the like; 2. although the existing customized hollow artificial bone has a split structure, each split prosthesis is of a closed loop structure and cannot be sleeved in a residual intramedullary nail in a femur, so that the 'clasping' cannot be realized, the existing customized hollow artificial bone can be installed only after the original intramedullary nail is completely removed, a large secondary wound is caused to a patient, the operation time and the total bleeding volume are also adversely affected, and the risk of damaging important anatomical structures such as peripheral arteries and nerves is increased more potentially; 3. artificial bones may be gradually deformed and displaced due to factors such as absorption and fracture, and the strength is further weakened along with the lapse of time, so that failure is finally caused, and thus the artificial bones are not the most ideal form for solving the problems; 4. the metal prosthesis has good mechanical strength, but the existing standardized segmental tumor prosthesis needs to remove the intramedullary nail to fully expose the medullary cavity, then is inserted into the medullary cavity through the medullary cavity handle, and finally realizes fixation by matching with a steel plate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a clasping type assembled prosthesis which is made of metal and can retain an intramedullary nail.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a clasping type prosthesis capable of retaining an intramedullary nail, which comprises at least two main body parts, wherein the main body parts are of plate-shaped structures, and a plurality of main body parts are sequentially connected at the outer side of the intramedullary nail to enclose a cavity capable of accommodating the intramedullary nail so as to form the clasping type prosthesis.

Preferably, both ends of the clasping prosthesis are matched with the bone structure of the human body.

Preferably, two adjacent main body parts are in mortise and tenon joint or/and screw connection.

Preferably, the cavity is a cylinder.

Preferably, the combined holding type prosthesis also comprises a plurality of steel plates for fastening the combined holding type prosthesis and the human bone structure, and each steel plate is simultaneously connected with the main body component and the human bone structure.

Preferably, the main body piece is made of metal.

Preferably, the main body part is an arc-shaped plate and comprises a first main body part and a second main body part, and the first main body part and the second main body part form the clasping type prosthesis.

Preferably, a tenon structure and/or a mortise structure are/is arranged at the joint of the first main body part and the second main body part on the first main body part; the second main body piece is provided with a mortise structure and/or a tenon structure;

tenon structure and/or mortise structure on the first main part spare, with mortise structure and/or tenon structure on the second main part spare can counterpoint the cooperation, make first main part spare with the second main part spare is connected, constitutes the formula prosthesis of embracing.

Preferably, at the joint of the first body piece and the second body piece, a nail hole and/or a set screw are/is arranged on the first body piece; a set screw and/or a nail hole are/is arranged on the second main body piece;

the nail hole and/or the set screw on the first main body part and the set screw and/or the nail hole on the second main body part can be matched in an alignment way, so that the first main body part is connected with the second main body part to form the clasping type prosthesis.

Preferably, the bone fracture fixation device further comprises a first steel plate and a second steel plate for fastening the embracing prosthesis and the bone structure of the human body;

the first end and the second end of the embracing type prosthesis are respectively matched with the bone structure of a human body;

the first steel plate is simultaneously connected with the first main body part and a human bone structure matched with the first end of the clasping type prosthesis;

the second steel plate is simultaneously connected with the first main body part and the human bone structure matched with the second end of the clasping type prosthesis.

The invention has the technical effects that:

(1) the main body part of the invention is in an open-loop structure, so that the original intramedullary nail of a patient does not need to be removed, but the main body part is directly clasped to realize assembly on the premise of keeping the intramedullary nail, thereby well avoiding the injury to the bone of the patient in the process of removing the original intramedullary nail, having remarkable effect on shortening the total operation time and further potentially reducing the total bleeding amount in the operation and the infection risk after the operation.

(2) According to the invention, the main body parts are connected in a double connection mode of mortise and tenon connection and screw connection, so that the connection strength between the adjacent main body parts can be enhanced, and the clasping type prosthesis is firmer.

(3) The invention also comprises a steel plate structure, which is beneficial to the fastening connection of the clasping type prosthesis and the human bone structure, so that the clasping type prosthesis is always stable in the using process and can not move relative to the human bone.

(4) The prosthesis is made of metal materials, has sufficient mechanical strength, can support the weight of limbs borne by the backbone part, and can also sufficiently conduct stress in the processes of walking, moving, carrying and the like so as to ensure the movement function of a patient; the prosthesis material is preferably titanium alloy material, has good biological stability, and can not be corroded, absorbed or even deformed along with the extension of the in-vivo implantation time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an intramedullary nail.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a clasping prosthesis provided by the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a clasping prosthesis provided by the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a clasping prosthesis with a steel plate provided by the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the clasping type prosthesis provided by the invention after being matched with a human bone structure.

In the figure, 1-a first main body part, 11-a tenon structure, 12-a nail hole, 2-a second main body part, 21-a mortise structure, 22-a set screw, 3-an intramedullary nail, 4-a steel plate, 41-a first steel plate, 42-a second steel plate and 5-a human bone structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be a mechanical connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, intramedullary nail 3 is one of the quite common implants used in orthopaedic internal fixation instruments. Both before and after intramedullary nail implantation, there is a certain possibility of bone defect. For the patient with the intramedullary nail 3 with bone defect, the reconstruction of the bone structure is usually required to be carried out as soon as possible, so that the limb function of the patient can be retained to the maximum extent, and the life quality is improved.

The invention provides a clasping type prosthesis capable of retaining an intramedullary nail, which comprises a plurality of plate-shaped main body parts, wherein the main body parts are sequentially connected at the outer side of the intramedullary nail to form a cavity capable of accommodating the intramedullary nail, so that the intramedullary nail can penetrate through the cavity to form the clasping type prosthesis, and the clasping type prosthesis and the intramedullary nail are not collided with each other. Preferably, the cavity is a cylinder. And two adjacent main body parts are connected through mortise and tenon joints and/or screws. Meanwhile, the two ends of the clasping type prosthesis are matched with the bone structure of the human body. In order to further fasten the clasping type prosthesis and the existing skeleton structure of the human body, the invention is also provided with a plurality of steel plates, and each steel plate is simultaneously connected with the main body part and the bone structure of the human body, thereby realizing the fixation of the clasping type prosthesis and the bone structure of the human body. The main body part is made of metal, has sufficient mechanical strength and can support the weight of limbs born by the backbone part. Preferably, the main body part is a titanium alloy which has good biological stability and can not corrode, absorb or even deform along with the extension of the in-vivo implantation time.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and 3, the clasping prosthesis comprises a first body member 1 and a second body member 2, wherein the first body member 1 and the second body member 2 are arc-shaped plates which can form a cylindrical cavity after being aligned and matched.

Between two main parts of this embodiment, both include mortise-tenon joint, also include the screw connection. At the joint of the first main body part 1 and the second main body part 2, a tenon structure 11 is arranged on the first main body part 1, and a mortise structure 21 is arranged on the second main body part 2; tenon structure 11 and mortise structure 21 can counterpoint the cooperation. Preferably, the left side and the right side of the first main body part 1 are respectively provided with a tenon structure 11, and the tenon structures 11 are arranged at the middle section of the first main body part 1; the left side and the right side of the second main body part 2 are respectively provided with a mortise structure 21, and the mortise structures 21 are arranged at the middle section of the second main body part. At the joint of the first body member 1 and the second body member 2, a nail hole 12 is arranged on the first body member 1, and a set screw 22 is arranged on the second body member 2; the nail hole 12 and the set screw 22 can be aligned and matched. One skilled in the art can set the length of set screw 22 and the depth of nail hole 12 as desired so that set screw 22 can be fully inserted into nail hole 12. When the length of the set screw 22 is greater than the thickness of the first body member 1, the nail hole 12 may be disposed through the first body member 1, for example, the nail hole 12 may be disposed in a cylindrical structure with an open end and a hollow interior. The skilled person can set the number of nail holes 12 and set screws 22 according to the requirement, but it should be ensured that the number of nail holes 12 and set screws 22 is the same and the positions are corresponding. Preferably, on the left and right sides of the first body member 1, there are 4 nail holes 12, and the nail holes 12 on each side are evenly distributed on the upper and lower sides of the tenon structure 11; the left side and the right side of the second main body part 2 are respectively provided with 4 fastening screws 22, and the fastening screws 22 on each side are evenly distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the mortise structure 21; the tenon structure and the nail hole are distributed in a cross way, and the mortise structure and the set screw are distributed in a cross way. The set screw 22 is inserted into the nail hole 12, and the tenon structure 11 and the mortise structure 21 are matched with each other, so that the first main body part 1 and the second main body part 2 are tightly connected, and no gap exists at the joint of the two main body parts.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the clasping prosthesis provided by the invention further comprises a steel plate 4. After the first main body part 1 and the second main body part 2 are connected and matched at the outer side of the intramedullary nail, the prosthesis-human bone structure 5 is fastened and connected through the steel plate 4, and finally the reconstruction of the bone defect part is completed. The steel plate 4 can connect the main body member and the human bone structure 5 at the same time. In the present embodiment, two steel plates 4 are provided, and both steel plates 4 are connected to the first body member 1. Preferably, the steel plate 4 and the first body member 1 are connected by a set screw. The first steel plate 41 is connected with the first main body part 1 and the human bone structure 5 matched with the upper end of the clasping type prosthesis, and the second steel plate 42 is connected with the second main body part 2 and the human bone structure 5 matched with the lower end of the clasping type prosthesis. The upper end and the lower end of the embracing type prosthesis can be matched with the human bone structure 5.

In conclusion, the embracing type prosthesis for retaining the intramedullary nail provided by the invention can reconstruct bone defects on the premise of not removing the intramedullary nail by embracing and connecting the plurality of main body parts, can enhance the connection strength between the adjacent main body parts by adopting a double connection mode of tenon-and-mortise connection and screw connection, and is beneficial to the fastening connection between the embracing type prosthesis and a human bone structure by arranging a steel plate structure; the prosthesis is made of metal, has sufficient mechanical strength, can support the weight of limbs born by the backbone part, and can also sufficiently conduct stress in the processes of walking, moving, carrying and the like, thereby ensuring the movement function of a patient.

While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a can remain embracing formula prosthesis of intramedullary nail which characterized in that, includes two at least main part, main part is platelike structure, and a plurality of main part connects gradually outside the intramedullary nail, encloses into a cavity that can hold the intramedullary nail, constitutes the embracing formula prosthesis.

2. The clasping prosthesis of claim 1, wherein both ends of said clasping prosthesis match the bone structure of the human body.

3. The clasping prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the two adjacent body members are connected by mortise and tenon joints or/and screw joints.

4. The clasping prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the cavity is a cylinder.

5. The wrap-around prosthesis of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of steel plates for securing said wrap-around prosthesis to the bony structure of the body, each of said plates connecting said body member to the bony structure of the body simultaneously.

6. The clasping prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the body member is a metal material.

7. The clasping prosthesis of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the body member is an arcuate plate comprising a first body member and a second body member, wherein the first body member and the second body member comprise the clasping prosthesis.

8. The clasping prosthesis of claim 7,

the joint of the first main body part and the second main body part is provided with a tenon structure and/or a mortise structure on the first main body part; the second main body piece is provided with a mortise structure and/or a tenon structure;

tenon structure and/or mortise structure on the first main part spare, with mortise structure and/or tenon structure on the second main part spare can counterpoint the cooperation, make first main part spare with the second main part spare is connected, constitutes the formula prosthesis of embracing.

9. The clasping prosthesis of claim 7,

at the joint of the first main body part and the second main body part, a nail hole and/or a set screw are/is arranged on the first main body part; a set screw and/or a nail hole are/is arranged on the second main body piece;

the nail hole and/or the set screw on the first main body part and the set screw and/or the nail hole on the second main body part can be matched in an alignment way, so that the first main body part is connected with the second main body part to form the clasping type prosthesis.

10. The clasping prosthesis of claim 7,

the joint wrap prosthesis also comprises a first steel plate and a second steel plate which are used for fastening the joint wrap prosthesis and the bone structure of the human body;

the first end and the second end of the embracing type prosthesis are respectively matched with the bone structure of a human body;

the first steel plate is simultaneously connected with the first main body part and a human bone structure matched with the first end of the clasping type prosthesis;

the second steel plate is simultaneously connected with the first main body part and the human bone structure matched with the second end of the clasping type prosthesis.

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