CN1134129C - Light add and drop multiplexer for multi-wave length adaptive light power equalization - Google Patents
Light add and drop multiplexer for multi-wave length adaptive light power equalization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication networks, which comprises an upper road unit and a lower road unit with multiple wavelengths, an optical power real-time monitoring unit, a power balance unit and a power balance controlling unit, wherein the optical power real-time monitoring unit is composed of an optical coupler, an optical detector and a driving circuit thereof, wherein the optical detector is connected with an output end of the optical coupler; the power balance unit is composed of electrically tunable optical attenuator; the optical power real-time monitoring unit is connected to the lower terminals of signals of the upper road unit and the lower road unit with multiple wavelengths, and an optical input end of the power balance unit is connected with an upper terminal; an output end of electric control signals of the power balance controlling unit is connected with an input end of electric control signals of the power balance unit, and an input end of the power balance control unit is connected with the optical power real-time monitoring unit of the lower terminal. The OADM has the advantages of high stability, low leakage, low crosstalk, low loss, modularization, intellectualized power balance, high balance precision, etc. Thereby, the OADM has favorable application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the optical communication network technical field, the particularly design of add-drop multiplexer in the optical-fiber network.
Background technology
Along with increasing sharply of global traffic demand, be the growth at full speed of the data service of representative particularly with the Internet (Internet) business, an urgent demand is set up novel high speed, big capacity, is supported the communication network of multiple transport service.Optical fiber communication has become topmost communications means at present, various channel multiplexing modes provide effective means for making full use of the huge bandwidth resources of optical fiber, particularly optical wavelength-division multiplex (WDM) technology makes the high-capacity optical fiber communication system enter brand-new epoch, the WDM chain-circuit system has realized the transmission of multichannel wavelength channel on an optical fiber, make the transmission capacity of optical fiber obtain the raising of several times～hundred times of magnitudes.After successfully being applied to the fiber optic transmission system of putting in order, structure, function and the development of bigger region span that the WDM forward is more complicated.But,, make the raising of whole network rate and capacity be subjected to very big restriction because electron exchange, continued access and tap/redundant system in the existing telecommunications network exist intrinsic " electronic bottleneck ".
The WDM optical-fiber network utilizes the different different information channels of optical wavelength sign, on optical cross connection (OXC) and the light/following circuit node on, the Route Selection of finishing information by the identification optical wavelength reaches road up and down, greatly simplified the add drop multiplex and the cross bonding function of conditional electronic equipment: transmission of Information and exchange are all carried out in the light territory, have avoided light/electricity numerous and diverse on the network node, electricity/optical switching equipment and the shortcomings such as signal attenuation, distortion, system power dissipation and cost raising of introducing thus.Optical-fiber network is transparent to the rate of information throughput, modulation system, transportation protocol etc., and has outstanding advantages such as expansion is flexible, reconstruct is convenient.
Optical add/drop multiplexer (being also referred to as light top and bottom path multiplexer, that is: OADM, Optical Add/drop Multiplexer) is an imperative equipment in the optical-fiber network.The function of OADM node be from transmission system, optionally take off or and approach or only by certain wavelength signals, do not influence the transmission of other wavelength channel simultaneously.That is to say, OADM has realized the function that traditional SDH electricity add-drop multiplexer is finished in time domain in the light territory, and have the transparency, can handle the signal of any form and speed, this point is more superior than electric ADM, is one of the key that overcomes the electronic bottleneck problem of node in the legacy network.
Usually, optical add/drop multiplexer all requires to have handles a plurality of wavelength ability on road up and down simultaneously, so the research of multi-wavelength light add-drop multiplexer seems more important.
It is unbalanced that the use of optical add/drop multiplexer can be introduced additional power level, make in the optical wavelength division multiplexed signal power level of each wavelength inconsistent, reason is: the wavelength signals on local road up and down is different light paths with straight-through wavelength process, and suffered loss is inconsistent.Particularly up and down under the situation on road, the lack of uniformity of the power level of each wavelength is more serious for multi-wavelength.Usually, design during OADM (for example: the OADM scheme of discrete light shutter device+integrated optics multiplexing demultiplexing device spare), to all first demultiplexing of all wavelengths channel, carry out power equalization separately, and then be multiplexed on the optical fiber, that is to say, the wavelength that no matter leads directly to or the wavelength on road up and down all will carry out power equalization separately, need to use independent equalizer, like this, cost is very high.In addition, in the present normally used power allocation scheme, for each wavelength of WDM signal, it is fixed that the power level benchmark after the equilibrium clamps in advance by hardware, can not real-time change, and this brings significant limitation for actual the use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the weak point of prior art, a kind of optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) of power equalization of multi-wave length adaptive is proposed, make it that wavelength road function up and down not only be arranged, also have real-time adaptive power equalization ability, have high stability simultaneously, lowly leak, lowly crosstalk, characteristics such as low-loss, modularization, intelligent power equalization, accuracy of equalization height.
The present invention proposes a kind of optical add/drop multiplexer of power equalization of multi-wave length adaptive, comprise multi-wavelength up and down the unit, road, it is characterized in that: this multi-wavelength up and down each in the unit, road down road wavelength the real-time monitoring means of luminous power, each wavelength of setting out on a journey of being made up of an optical coupler and the photo-detector that links to each other with the output of this optical coupler and drive circuit thereof all are set the power equalization unit that is made of the electric tunable optical attenuator all are set, also comprise the power equalization control unit; The real-time monitoring means of said each luminous power is connected to up and down terminal under the signal of unit, road of said multi-wavelength, and the light input end of said each power equalization unit and said the multi-wavelength last terminal of unit, road up and down link to each other; The electric control signal output of said power equalization control unit links to each other with the electric control signal input of each power equalization unit, and the input of said power equalization control unit is connected in the said real-time monitoring means of each luminous power of terminal down; Also comprise other two groups of real-time monitoring means of luminous power of being made up of an optical coupler and the photo-detector that links to each other with the output of this optical coupler and drive circuit thereof, wherein one group of real-time monitoring means of luminous power is connected in line signal input optical fibre and multi-wavelength up and down between the input of unit, road; Another group luminous power real-time monitoring means is connected in said multi-wavelength up and down between the output and line signal output optical fibre of unit, road.
Technical characterictic of the present invention is: the 1) situation of change of power equalization element keeps track circuit input optical power level, in real time the multi-wavelength luminous power of setting out on a journey is monitored and regulated, realize intelligentized power equalization, the working point of its power equalization unit can the self adaptation real-time regulated; 2) only can reach the power equalization purpose, need not straight-through wavelength signals is carried out equilibrium respectively, simultaneously, can not introduce additional power lack of uniformity by the luminous power of setting out on a journey is just monitored and regulated.
The present invention has following effect:
The first, the present invention has and handles the up and down ability on road of a plurality of wavelength simultaneously.
The second, the present invention only needs the optical wavelength signal of setting out on a journey is carried out power equalization, and straight-through optical wavelength be need not to carry out equilibrium, thereby realizes not increasing the purpose of additional lack of uniformity.Reduce equipment complexity so greatly, cost also reduces greatly.
The 3rd, the power equalization unit that the present invention adopts can not introduced additional noise and crosstalk, and balanced scope can reach more than the 20dB, the power equalization precision can reach 0.5dB, time for balance may be limited to hundred milliseconds, good stability, thus make whole OADM have good performance and availability.
The 4th, the present invention can realize adaptive intelligent power equalization function.Power equalization unit and power equalization control unit can be followed the tracks of the situation of change of circuit input optical power level, in real time the luminous power of setting out on a journey are monitored and are regulated, and realize intelligentized power equalization.The present invention has overcome power level benchmark in the present normally used power allocation scheme needs fixed and the shortcoming that can not real-time change of pincers in advance, has improved the flexibility of equipment widely, helps satisfying the practical application needs more.
The 5th, the present invention has perfect monitoring function, the total optical power of Monitoring Line input in real time, following road luminous power, the luminous power of setting out on a journey and circuit output total optical power.Simultaneously, the power equalization control unit action of power controlling balanced unit accurately and effectively.These monitoring functions cooperate microcomputer control unit, can realize the monitoring to OADM, and support Element management system, for practical application of the present invention provides strong assurance.
The 6th, the optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) with adaptive power equalization of the present invention has high stability, low leaks, lowly crosstalk, low-loss, modularization, intelligent power equalization, accuracy of equalization advantages of higher.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is general structure of the present invention and fundamental diagram.
Fig. 2 (a), Fig. 2 (b) are multi-wavelength of the present invention two kinds of example structure schematic diagrames of unit, road up and down.
Fig. 3 (a), Fig. 3 (b) are two kinds of example structure schematic diagrames of power equalization of the present invention unit.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of balanced control unit example structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the control flow chart of balanced control unit embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The optical add/drop multiplexer of the power equalization of a kind of multi-wave length adaptive that the present invention proposes reaches embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and is described in detail as follows:
The general structure of the embodiment of the invention comprises multi-wavelength unit, road up and down, the power equalization control unit as shown in Figure 1; Be connected in the up and down a plurality of real-time monitoring means of forming by an optical coupler CP12 and the photo-detector DT22 that is attached thereto and drive circuit thereof of luminous power between following road and the power equalization control unit of unit, road of multi-wavelength; Be connected in multi-wavelength up and down the unit, road set out on a journey and the power equalization control unit between a plurality of power equalizations unit PE41; Be connected in multi-wavelength up and down two optical couplers and photo-detector CP11, the DT21 of the signal input part of unit, road and output, CP12, DT23.
Operation principle of the present invention is described as follows in conjunction with Fig. 1:
The WDM line signal comprises n wavelength (λ from the input of A point
1, λ
2..., λ
n), enter optical coupler CP11, receive the multi-wavelength input of unit, road up and down again.The a plurality of wavelength that need road down from multi-wavelength up and down the following terminal output of unit, road arrive the C point, output to the following terminal (E point) of OADM then through optical coupler CP12, finish road function under the signal wavelength, the wavelength signals on road is not a through connect signal under not needing, that is: directly by unit, road about the multi-wavelength.Meanwhile, corresponding a plurality of last terminal (G point) input of wavelength signals of setting out on a journey from OADM, enter power equalization unit PE41 separately respectively, carry out the monitoring and the adjusting of luminous power, the signal of setting out on a journey after the equilibrium enters the multi-wavelength last terminal of unit, road up and down via the D point.Set out on a journey signal with straight-through WDM circuit wavelength signals, from multi-wavelength output (B point) output of unit, road up and down, arrive the input of optical coupler CP13, after the output output via CP13, this n wavelength signals is exported from OADM as the WDM line signal.
In addition, optical coupler CP11 tells sub-fraction (as: 2%) and delivers to photo-detector DT21 from WDM line input signal light, like this, just can measure the total optical power P of the WDM line input signal that A orders
InIn like manner, optical coupler CP12 and photo-detector DT22 cooperate, and can measure the corresponding luminous power P of road wavelength down of C point
CWith the corresponding luminous power P of road wavelength down of terminal E point under the OADM
DropOptical coupler CP13 and photo-detector DT23 cooperate, and can measure the total optical power P that B is ordered
BOutput signal total optical power P with OADM
OutSimultaneously, the light power equalization control unit can be followed the tracks of the luminous power P of road wavelength under the C point
C, monitor and regulate the optical power levels P that the corresponding signal of setting out on a journey of this wavelength is ordered at D in real time
D, can also monitor OADM and go up the luminous power P that terminal G is ordered
Add
The operation principle of power equalization of the present invention unit and power equalization control unit is described as follows (because the power equalization principle of each wavelength signals on road all is identical about participating in, wherein to descend the road wavelength X on the way
i(1≤i≤n) be example):
At first, need determine the wavelength signals λ that sets out on a journey
i(1≤i≤n) requires the optical power levels P that is adjusted at the D point
D, to satisfy the requirement of power equalization, that is: the power equalization of WDM signal is exported in assurance.After light path is determined,, can obtain through connect signal and order the loss S that is experienced from the A point to B according to actual measurement and device Insertion Loss characteristic in advance
A → B, following road wavelength signals λ
i(the loss S of 1≤i≤n) order from the A point to C
A → C, and the wavelength signals λ that sets out on a journey
i(1≤i≤n) is ordered the loss S that is experienced from the D point to B
D → BSo, following formula is arranged:
P
D＝P
C+S
A→C-S
A→B+S
D→B (1)
That is to say that power equalization unit and balanced control unit must guarantee that the power level that D is ordered is the value that formula (1) calculates.Wherein, S
A → C, S
A → BAnd S
D → BBe the known quantity that can measure in advance, P
CCan measure in real time by coupler CP12 and detector DT22 and driving thereof and Acquisition Circuit.Like this, balanced control unit can be worth according to these, calculates the balanced required performance number P that reaches in back of D point
DSimultaneously, the power equalization unit can real-time monitor the current performance number P of D point
Current, so just can draw the required equilibrium quantity P in power equalization unit by following formula
EQ, and control it and move:
P
EQ＝P
D-P
Current (2)
Two kinds of embodiment of unit, road are as shown in Figure 2 about the multi-wavelength of the present invention's design:
The structure of unit, road embodiment 1 is shown in Fig. 2 (a) about the multi-wavelength, comprise: by two optical circulator CL31, CL32 and one group of light filter unit that optical fiber bragg grating FBG is formed, by a demodulation multiplexer DMUX and the wave splitting/composing unit that multiplexer MUX forms.The annexation of each several part is as follows: the WDM signal is from (1) end input of circulator CL31, (2) of CL31, (3) end connect the input of one group of optical fiber bragg grating FBG and the input of demodulation multiplexer DMUX respectively, wherein, each FBG adopts the end to end mode that is connected in series; The output C point of demodulation multiplexer DMUX links to each other with the aforesaid input of power monitoring unit, road down; The output of FBG group links to each other with (2) end of optical circulator CL32, and (1) of CL32, (3) end connect the output of multiplexer MUX and the input of aforesaid coupler CP13 respectively; The input D point of multiplexer MUX links to each other with the output of aforesaid power equalization unit.
The structure of embodiment 2 comprises shown in Fig. 2 (b): by a demodulation multiplexer DMUX and the wave splitting/composing unit that multiplexer MUX forms.The annexation of each several part is as follows: the WDM signal is from the input input of demodulation multiplexer DMUX, each wavelength channel is separated by DMUX, each wavelength is from the output output of DMUX, wherein, each straight-through wavelength channel directly links to each other with the input of multiplexer MUX, and participating in down, each wavelength channel on road links to each other from DMUX output and with the aforesaid input of power monitoring unit, road down by the C point; Each wavelength channel that participation is set out on a journey is input to the respective input of MUX by the D point and links to each other with the output of aforesaid power equalization unit.
In above-mentioned two embodiment, two optical circulators adopt JDS-Uniphase company to make, and its model is CR5500P-CS1; Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (FBG) adopts the FBG (FBG Series Custom Fiber Bragg Gratings, thermally compensated package) of the band temperature-compensating of JDS-Uniphase company manufacturing; Demodulation multiplexer and multiplexer that demodulation multiplexer and multiplexer all adopt JDS-Uniphase company to make.
In the present embodiment, multi-wavelength unit, road up and down also can adopt other known solutions to realize.
Two embodiment of the power equalization unit of the present invention design are as shown in Figure 3: this power equalization unit adopts the scheme based on electric tunable attenuator VCB, can use the electric tunable attenuator VCB that is not with power monitoring (Tag) output and the VCB of band Tag output.Fig. 3 (a) and (b) provided the schematic diagram of this two kinds of embodiment respectively.
Wherein, embodiment 1 adopts the VCB that does not export with Tag of JDS-Uniphase company manufacturing shown in Fig. 3 (a), and its model is VCB0+1NC1.0NC1.0NC, and the effect of coupler CP14 and detector DT24 is to monitor the current optical power value that D is ordered in real time; Embodiment 2 adopts the VCB of the band Tag output of JDS-Uniphase company manufacturing shown in Fig. 3 (b), its model is VCB2+1NC1.0NC1.0NC, and the effect of Tag is to measure the current optical power value P of D point in real time
Current
The composition structure of the balanced control unit embodiment of the present invention design comprises as shown in Figure 4: multichannel analog to digital converter AD and microprocessor CPU and be stored in wherein control program.Multichannel analog to digital converter AD is responsible for the signal of telecommunication from a plurality of photo-detectors is converted into the digital quantity that CPU can discern, and CPU is responsible for calculating required control signal to the output of power equalization unit.
The wavelength channel on road all was identical about the control flow of present embodiment participated in for each, and Fig. 5 is an example with one of them wavelength, and the workflow of the control program of power equalization control unit is described, is specifically described as follows:
1) signal of telecommunication from following road monitoring detector is carried out the A/D conversion, be transformed into the digital quantity that CPU can discern, draw down the performance number P that the road wavelength is ordered at C
C
2) CPU calculates the required performance number P that reaches of balanced back D point according to formula (1)
D, like this, according to current D point performance number P from the power equalization unit
Current,, calculate current required balanced controlled quentity controlled variable P by formula (2)
EQ, produce control signal;
3) control signal is sent to the power equalization unit, controls the action (promptly increasing or reduce attenuation) of its tunable attenuator;
4) obtain the current D point performance number P that the power equalization unit feeds back
Current
5), compare P according to formula (2)
CurrentWith the P that calculates
D, calculate difference P
EQ, see whether reach the equalization request and the accuracy of equalization, the accuracy of equalization can be set as requested, and the accuracy of equalization of present embodiment requires to be 0.5dB;
6) if obtain accuracy of equalization requirement, then balanced the end, otherwise, again according to 5) the current balanced controlled quentity controlled variable P that draws
EQ, repeat 2) to 5) step, know that reaching the accuracy of equalization requires till.
Central processing unit of present embodiment (CPU) and interlock circuit thereof are finished control to the power equalization control unit, monitoring input and output power, external communication interface are provided, and all adopt known technology to realize, do not give unnecessary details at this.
The balanced control unit of the present invention design can also adopt comparator to add that corresponding feedback circuit realizes, as: the electricity of following power monitoring unit, road output current power value direct and the detected corresponding wavelength of setting out on a journey in power equalization unit is compared by hardware, add offset of determining according to formula (1) and (2) that feedback circuit is default, just can realize that equilibrium controls.
The used optical coupler of present embodiment adopts JDS-Uniphase company to make, and its model is AC019-A3; The product that used photo-detector adopts Shenzhen Photon company to make, its drive circuit all adopt known technology to realize.
In the embodiments of the invention, the one group of optical power monitoring unit that is connected in the circuit input optical fibre is the monitoring that realizes luminous power in input, the outlet line optical fiber with the function that is connected in one group of optical power monitoring unit of output optical fibre, to power equalization unit and the not influence of power equalization control unit, can omit.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of optical add/drop multiplexer of power equalization of multi-wave length adaptive, comprise multi-wavelength up and down the unit, road, it is characterized in that: this multi-wavelength up and down each in the unit, road down road wavelength the real-time monitoring means of luminous power, each wavelength of setting out on a journey of being made up of an optical coupler and the photo-detector that links to each other with the output of this optical coupler and drive circuit thereof all are set the power equalization unit that is made of the electric tunable optical attenuator all are set, also comprise the power equalization control unit; The real-time monitoring means of said each luminous power is connected to up and down terminal under the signal of unit, road of said multi-wavelength, and the light input end of said each power equalization unit and said the multi-wavelength last terminal of unit, road up and down link to each other; The electric control signal output of said power equalization control unit links to each other with the electric control signal input of each power equalization unit, and the input of said power equalization control unit is connected in the said real-time monitoring means of each luminous power of terminal down; Also comprise other two groups of real-time monitoring means of luminous power of being made up of an optical coupler and the photo-detector that links to each other with the output of this optical coupler and drive circuit thereof, wherein one group of real-time monitoring means of luminous power is connected in line signal input optical fibre and multi-wavelength up and down between the input of unit, road; Another group luminous power real-time monitoring means is connected in said multi-wavelength up and down between the output and line signal output optical fibre of unit, road.
2, the optical add/drop multiplexer of the power equalization of multi-wave length adaptive as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: said multi-wavelength comprises the unit, road up and down: two optical circulators, be connected in the light filter unit of forming by a plurality of end to end Fiber Bragg Grating FBGs between these two optical circulators, a demodulation multiplexer and a multiplexer of linking to each other with the port of these two optical circulators respectively.
3, the optical add/drop multiplexer of the power equalization of multi-wave length adaptive as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the unit, road is by a demodulation multiplexer and a coupled multiplexer about the said multi-wavelength.
4, the optical add/drop multiplexer of the power equalization of multi-wave length adaptive as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said balanced control unit comprises multichannel analog to digital converter and microprocessor and is stored in wherein control program.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011365749A CN1134129C (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2001-10-19 | Light add and drop multiplexer for multi-wave length adaptive light power equalization |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011365749A CN1134129C (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2001-10-19 | Light add and drop multiplexer for multi-wave length adaptive light power equalization |
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| CN1339891A CN1339891A (en) | 2002-03-13 |
| CN1134129C true CN1134129C (en) | 2004-01-07 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100474711B1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2005-03-10 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Optical add/drop multiplexer |
| CN101064583B (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2011-09-07 | 上海未来宽带技术及应用工程研究中心有限公司 | Tunable OADM module |
| CN101222277B (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2012-05-30 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | WSS type ROADM transmission equipment and optical channel power automatic equalization method of WSS type ROADM transmission equipment |
| CN104104447B (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2018-08-24 | 南京中兴新软件有限责任公司 | Light power equalization method and device |
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