CN113410859B - Control method of vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger and vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger - Google Patents
Control method of vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger and vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN113410859B CN113410859B CN202110731711.6A CN202110731711A CN113410859B CN 113410859 B CN113410859 B CN 113410859B CN 202110731711 A CN202110731711 A CN 202110731711A CN 113410859 B CN113410859 B CN 113410859B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
- H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a control method of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger and the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, comprising the following steps: responding to a working mode indicated by a charging and discharging instruction sent by the vehicle-mounted terminal, and controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the working mode; and controlling the current trend in the bidirectional AC/DC converter based on the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus. According to the application, the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter is controlled according to the working mode indicated by the charge-discharge instruction, and the current trend in the bidirectional AC/DC converter is controlled according to the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus, so that the current trend in the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter are smoothly switched, and the switching process of different algorithms is canceled, thereby reducing the impact on the power grid during the traditional charge-discharge inversion and improving the safety of the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of charging and discharging of vehicle-mounted chargers, and particularly relates to a control method of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger and the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger.
Background
At present, a traditional Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) control method comprises a bidirectional AC/DC controller and a bidirectional DC/DC controller, wherein the bidirectional AC/DC controller comprises bus voltage control, grid current double closed loop control and phase-locked loop (PLL) control, and when the bidirectional AC/DC controller simulates charging of an electric automobile battery, the bidirectional AC/DC controller works in a PWM rectification state, and the voltage and the current at the network side are in phase; when the bidirectional AC/DC controller simulates grid-connected discharge of the battery of the electric automobile, the bidirectional AC/DC controller works in a PWM inversion state, and the voltage and the current at the grid side are in opposite phases; the bidirectional AC/DC control mode needs a switching control algorithm when the battery is charged and discharged in a grid-connected mode, and cannot be switched smoothly in real time.
The bidirectional DC/DC controller comprises bus voltage control, constant-current charging is adopted at the initial stage of battery charging through PWM modulation when the bidirectional DC/DC controller simulates the charging of an electric automobile battery, constant-current constant-voltage charging is adopted after the bus voltage reaches a set value, and hysteresis control is adopted between constant-voltage constant-current switching; when the bidirectional DC/DC controller simulates grid-connected discharge of the battery of the electric automobile, constant current discharge is adopted through PWM modulation, and the bidirectional DC/DC control mode needs a switching algorithm when the battery is charged and discharged in a grid-connected mode, so that smooth real-time switching cannot be realized.
Meanwhile, the traditional vehicle-to-power grid has a control method that: the topology of the power converter of the V2G bidirectional charger is a three-phase full-bridge PWM converter and a double active bridge converter, but smooth switching cannot be realized when the battery is charged and the grid-connected discharging is switched.
Therefore, in the traditional technical scheme, when two working modes of battery charging and grid-connected discharging are switched, a control algorithm is required to be switched, and smooth switching cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a control method of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger and the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, and aims to solve the problem that smooth switching cannot be realized when the conventional vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger is charged and discharged.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a control method for a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, which is applied to a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, where the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger includes a bidirectional AC/DC converter and a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and includes:
Responding to a working mode indicated by a charge-discharge instruction sent by a vehicle-mounted terminal, and controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the working mode;
and controlling the current trend in the bidirectional AC/DC converter based on the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the operation modes include a constant voltage charging mode, a constant current charging mode and a grid-connected discharging mode.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the operation mode includes:
When the working mode is a constant voltage charging mode, the reference voltage of the battery is controlled to be the limiting voltage of the battery.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the operation mode includes:
when the working mode is a constant current charging mode, the reference voltage of the battery is controlled to be the limiting voltage of the battery, and the reference current of the battery is controlled to be the limiting current of the battery.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the operation mode includes:
When the working mode is a grid-connected discharging mode, the reference voltage of the battery is controlled to be the lowest voltage of the battery which is allowed to discharge, and the reference current of the battery is controlled to be grid-connected current.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the calculation formula of the grid-connected current is:
Wherein i g is grid-connected current, P g is grid-connected power preset value, U dc is output voltage sampling value of the battery, and eta is equipment efficiency.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the controlling the current trend in the bidirectional AC/DC converter based on the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus includes:
and judging the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus, and when the voltage sampling value of the bus is lower than the reference voltage of the bus, controlling current to flow from the power grid side to the bus side, otherwise, controlling current to flow from the bus side to the power grid side.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, before the operating mode indicated by the charge and discharge instruction sent by the vehicle-mounted terminal, the method further includes:
and after responding to a starting instruction sent by the vehicle-mounted terminal, starting the bidirectional AC/DC converter and charging the bus until the voltage sampling value of the bus reaches the reference voltage of the bus, and starting the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a bidirectional charger for executing the control method.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that: according to the control method of the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter is controlled according to the working mode indicated by the charging and discharging instruction, and the current trend in the bidirectional AC/DC converter is controlled according to the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus, so that the current trend in the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter are smoothly switched, the switching process of different algorithms is canceled, the impact on the power grid during the traditional charging and discharging inversion can be reduced, and the safety of the power grid is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger according to a control method of the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger provided by an embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger provided by the embodiment of the application;
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a bidirectional DC/DC controller of a control method of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a bidirectional AC/DC controller of a control method of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a bidirectional AC/DC converter of a conventional vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
At present, the control modes of the bidirectional AC/DC controller and the bidirectional DC/DC controller are as follows: when the battery charging and grid-connected discharging are changed, the current is generally realized through two different control algorithms, and when the two different control algorithms are used for switching, the problems of voltage, current abrupt change and the like impacting the power grid are generally generated, so that the safety of the power grid is reduced.
Therefore, the application provides a control method of the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, which controls the current trend of the bidirectional AC/DC converter by the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus, controls the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter by controlling the reference voltage and the reference current of the battery, and cancels the switching process of different algorithms, thereby reducing the impact on the power grid during charge-discharge inversion and improving the safety of the power grid.
The following describes an example of a control method of the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger provided by the application with reference to the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger according to a control method of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger according to a first embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, and for convenience of explanation, only a portion related to the present embodiment is shown, which is described in detail below: the V2G vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger comprises a bidirectional AC/DC converter and a bidirectional DC/DC converter, wherein the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the bidirectional DC/DC converter define that current is charged from a power grid side to a battery side through a bus to be charged into a positive battery, and the current is discharged from the battery side to the power grid side through the bus to be discharged into a negative grid-connected discharge.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a control method of the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger according to the first embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, including:
Responding to a working mode indicated by a charging and discharging instruction sent by the vehicle-mounted terminal, and controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the working mode; and controlling the current trend in the bidirectional AC/DC converter based on the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus.
The charging mode and the discharging mode of the bidirectional AC/DC converter adopt a set of control method, and the charging mode and the discharging mode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter adopt a set of control method which are controlled separately and are not interfered with each other. Controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the working mode indicated by the charging and discharging instruction, and when the working mode is charging, controlling the reference voltage of the battery and the reference current of the battery so as to enable the current in the bidirectional DC/DC converter to flow from the bus side to the battery side for charging operation; when the operation mode is discharge, the reference voltage of the battery and the reference current of the battery are controlled so that the current in the bidirectional DC/DC converter flows from the battery side to the bus side to perform a discharge operation.
The current trend of the bidirectional AC/DC converter is controlled by the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus, when the voltage sampling value of the bus is lower than the reference voltage of the bus, the control current flows from the power grid side to the bus side, and otherwise, the control current flows from the bus side to the power grid side. Therefore, the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the bidirectional AC/DC converter can be controlled without a switching algorithm, natural switching of energy is realized, impact on a power grid during traditional charge-discharge inversion is reduced, and the safety of the power grid is improved.
In the embodiment of the application, the working modes indicated by the charge and discharge instructions generally comprise a constant voltage charge mode, a constant current charge mode and a grid-connected discharge mode, so as to realize three different charge and discharge modes of the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger.
Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a bidirectional DC/DC controller of a control method of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present application, G1 v(s) is a first voltage loop controller, G1 c(s) is a first current loop controller, u ref is a reference voltage of a battery, u dc is an output voltage sampling value of the battery, i limit is one of reference currents of the battery, i.e., a constant current output current is given, i dc is an output current sampling value of the battery, p g is a grid-connected power preset value, and i g is a grid-connected current calculated according to the grid-connected power setting.
Selecting a reference voltage u ref of the battery according to the operation mode, wherein if the battery is operated in the battery charging mode, u ref is battery limiting voltage; if the system is operated in the grid-connected discharging mode, u ref is the minimum voltage allowed to be discharged by the battery. The method comprises the steps of taking a difference value between a reference voltage u ref of a battery and an output voltage sampling value u dc of the battery as an input of a first voltage loop controller G1 v(s), taking an output of the first voltage loop controller G1 v(s) as a reference current I ref of the battery, taking a difference value between a reference current I ref of the battery and an output current sampling value I dc of the battery as an input of a first current loop controller G1 c(s), taking an output of the first current loop controller G1 c(s) as a first debugging signal, and controlling current trend of the bidirectional DC/DC converter by adjusting a duty ratio or frequency, wherein the first voltage loop controller G1 v(s) and the first current loop controller G1 c(s) are common PID regulators, P is proportional control, I is integral control, and D is differential control.
Controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the operation mode, comprising: when the operation mode is the constant voltage charging mode, the reference voltage u ref of the battery is controlled to be the limiting voltage of the battery, the reference current of the battery is the output of the first voltage loop controller G1 v(s), so that the bidirectional DC/DC controller obtains the first modulation signal SPWM1 according to the limiting voltage of the battery and the output of the first voltage loop controller G1 v(s), and the current in the bidirectional DC/DC converter is controlled to perform the charging operation from the bus side to the battery side in a constant voltage mode.
Controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the operation mode, comprising: when the working mode is a constant current charging mode, the reference voltage u ref of the battery is controlled to be the limiting voltage of the battery, and the reference current of the battery is controlled to be the limiting current of the battery, so that a bidirectional DC/DC controller obtains a first modulation signal SPWM1 according to the limiting voltage of the battery and the limiting current of the battery, and controls the current in the bidirectional DC/DC converter to flow from the bus side to the battery side in a constant current mode for charging operation; since the reference voltage of the battery in the constant current charging mode is always greater than the output voltage sampling value (actual output voltage) of the battery, the first voltage loop controller is saturated forward, and the reference current i ref of the battery is limited by the upper limit to the limiting current i limit of the battery, that is, the constant current state output current is given.
Controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the operation mode, comprising: when the working mode is a grid-connected discharging mode, the reference voltage of the battery is controlled to be the lowest voltage of the battery which is allowed to discharge, and the reference current of the battery is controlled to be grid-connected current, so that a first modulation signal is obtained through the bidirectional DC/DC controller according to the lowest voltage of the battery which is allowed to discharge and the grid-connected current, and the current in the bidirectional DC/DC converter is controlled to flow from the battery side to the bus side for discharging operation. The reference voltage of the grid-connected discharging mode is always smaller than the sampling value (actual output voltage) of the output voltage of the battery, the first voltage loop controller is negatively saturated, the reference current i ref of the battery is limited to the grid-connected current of the grid-connected discharging by the lower limit, namely, the grid-connected current is negative in the grid-connected discharging mode, and the current flows from the battery side to the bus side.
Through the above, three working modes of constant voltage charging, constant current charging and grid-connected discharging are determined by one controller, and the charging controller and the discharging controller do not need to be switched, so that the forward and reverse natural switching of energy is realized.
The calculation formula of the grid-connected current is as follows:
Wherein i g is grid-connected current, P g is grid-connected power preset value, U dc is output voltage sampling value of the battery, and eta is equipment efficiency.
In the embodiment of the application, the grid-connected current i g is determined by the grid-connected power preset value P g, the output voltage sampling value U dc of the battery and the equipment efficiency eta, and can be changed according to actual needs.
Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a bidirectional AC/DC controller of a control method of a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger according to an embodiment of the present application, where, as shown in fig. 4, a reference voltage U dcref of a bus is given according to a battery voltage and a transformation ratio of a hardware transformer (T in fig. 1), a voltage sampling value U rdc of the bus is used as feedback, a difference value between the reference voltage U dcref of the bus and the voltage sampling value U rdc of the bus is used as an input of a second voltage loop controller G2 v(s), a difference value between an output of the second voltage loop controller G2 v(s) and a current sampling value I a of an inductor is used as an input of a second current loop controller G2 c(s), an output of the second current loop controller G2 c(s) is combined with a power grid voltage sampling value U a as a feedforward to obtain a second debug signal SPWM2, a current trend of the bidirectional AC/DC converter is controlled by adjusting a duty ratio or frequency, the second voltage loop controller G2 v(s) and the second current loop controller G2 c(s) are used as a common proportional-integral controller P, and differential controller D is used.
Controlling a current trend of the bidirectional AC/DC converter based on the voltage sample value of the bus and a reference voltage of the bus, comprising: and judging the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus, and when the voltage sampling value of the bus is lower than the reference voltage of the bus, controlling current to flow from the power grid side to the bus side, otherwise, controlling current to flow from the bus side to the power grid side.
In the embodiment of the application, the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus are judged, when the voltage sampling value of the bus is lower than the reference voltage of the bus, the output of the second current loop controller G2 c(s) is positive, and the current in the bidirectional AC/DC converter is controlled to flow from the power grid side to the bus side for battery charging operation; otherwise, when the voltage sampling value of the bus is not lower than the reference voltage of the bus, the output of the second current loop controller G2 c(s) is negative, the current in the bidirectional AC/DC converter is controlled to perform grid-connected discharging operation from the bus side to the power grid side, thereby realizing the natural reversing of energy/current in both directions without switching a charging controller and a discharging controller, wherein the second voltage loop controller G2 v(s) and the second current loop controller G2 c(s) are common PID regulators, P is proportional control, I is integral control, and D is differential control.
In the embodiment of the present application, the reference voltage U dcref of the bus is calculated from the reference voltage U ref of the battery and the transformation ratio K of the transformer in the bidirectional DC/DC converter (i.e., the transformer T in fig. 1), that is: u dcref＝K*Uref. For example, the reference voltage U ref of the battery is 450V, the transformer ratio of the transformer T is 2:1, i.e., the reference voltage U dcref of the bus bar is 450v×2=900V.
The starting method of the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger comprises the following steps:
Before responding to the working mode indicated by the charge-discharge instruction sent by the vehicle-mounted terminal, the method further comprises the following steps: and after responding to a starting instruction sent by the vehicle-mounted terminal, starting the bidirectional AC/DC converter and charging the bus until the voltage sampling value of the bus reaches the reference voltage of the bus, and starting the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
In the embodiment of the application, after receiving a starting-up instruction sent by a vehicle-mounted terminal, a bidirectional ACDC converter is started from a power grid side and charges a bus capacitor (C1 in FIG. 1); after the bidirectional ACDC converter is started, when the voltage sampling value of the bus reaches the reference voltage of the bus, the bidirectional DCDC converter is started according to the working mode.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, and a control method for execution.
Fig. 5 shows a circuit diagram of a bidirectional AC/DC converter of a conventional vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, as shown in fig. 5, a grid-connected relay (that is, rly1 in fig. 5) is arranged in the bidirectional AC/DC converter of the conventional vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, and when the battery is charged or discharged in a grid-connected mode, the bidirectional AC/DC converter and the battery charging and grid-connected discharging algorithm of the bidirectional AC/DC converter are unified, so that the logic of the starter is simple, and meanwhile, the grid-connected relay (Rly 1 in fig. 5) in the bidirectional AC/DC converter can be saved, so that the cost is saved for the product and the reliability is increased. Meanwhile, the charging and discharging control method and the starting method of the V2G vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger are also applicable to the topology of the three-phase V2G.
It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the foregoing embodiment does not mean that the execution sequence of each process should be determined by the function and the internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-described division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical application, the above-described functional distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, i.e. the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-described functions. The functional units and modules in the embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit, where the integrated units may be implemented in a form of hardware or a form of a software functional unit. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and in part, not described or illustrated in any particular embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed bidirectional charger and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the bi-directional charger embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of modules or units is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The control method of the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger is applied to the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, and the vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger comprises a bidirectional AC/DC converter and a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Responding to a working mode indicated by a charge-discharge instruction sent by a vehicle-mounted terminal, and controlling the current trend in the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the working mode; the working modes comprise a constant voltage charging mode, a constant current charging mode and a grid-connected discharging mode;
When the working mode is a constant voltage charging mode, controlling the reference voltage of the battery so as to enable the current in the bidirectional DC/DC converter to flow from the bus side to the battery side for charging operation;
when the working mode is a constant current charging mode, controlling the reference voltage of the battery and the reference current of the battery so as to enable the current in the bidirectional DC/DC converter to flow from the bus side to the battery side for charging operation;
When the working mode is a grid-connected discharging mode, controlling the reference voltage of the battery and the reference current of the battery so as to enable the current in the bidirectional DC/DC converter to flow from the battery side to the bus side for discharging operation;
And controlling the current trend in the bidirectional AC/DC converter based on the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus, and controlling the current to flow from the power grid side to the bus side when the voltage sampling value of the bus is lower than the reference voltage of the bus, otherwise, controlling the current to flow from the bus side to the power grid side.
2. The control method of claim 1, wherein said controlling the current trend in said bi-directional DC/DC converter according to said operation mode comprises:
When the working mode is a constant voltage charging mode, the reference voltage of the battery is controlled to be the limiting voltage of the battery.
3. The control method of claim 1, wherein said controlling the current trend in said bi-directional DC/DC converter according to said operation mode comprises:
when the working mode is a constant current charging mode, the reference voltage of the battery is controlled to be the limiting voltage of the battery, and the reference current of the battery is controlled to be the limiting current of the battery.
4. The control method of claim 1, wherein said controlling the current trend in said bi-directional DC/DC converter according to said operation mode comprises:
When the working mode is a grid-connected discharging mode, the reference voltage of the battery is controlled to be the lowest voltage of the battery which is allowed to discharge, and the reference current of the battery is controlled to be grid-connected current.
5. The control method according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the grid-connected current is:
Wherein i g is grid-connected current, P g is grid-connected power preset value, U dc is output voltage sampling value of the battery, and eta is equipment efficiency.
6. The control method of claim 1, wherein controlling the current trend in the bi-directional AC/DC converter based on the voltage sample value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus comprises:
and judging the voltage sampling value of the bus and the reference voltage of the bus, and when the voltage sampling value of the bus is lower than the reference voltage of the bus, controlling current to flow from the power grid side to the bus side, otherwise, controlling current to flow from the bus side to the power grid side.
7. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by further comprising, before the operation mode indicated in response to the charge-discharge instruction transmitted from the in-vehicle terminal:
and after responding to a starting instruction sent by the vehicle-mounted terminal, starting the bidirectional AC/DC converter and charging the bus until the voltage sampling value of the bus reaches the reference voltage of the bus, and starting the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
8. A vehicle-mounted bi-directional charger for executing the control method of any one of claims 1-7.
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| CN117977660A (en) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-05-03 | 广东高斯宝电气技术有限公司 | Control method for single-phase bidirectional grid-connected seamless switching |
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| CN102570560A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-11 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Charging-discharging system for V2G bilateral power conversion electric automobile and control method thereof |
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| JP2019122174A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-22 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Device and method for controlling on-vehicle battery temperature |
| CN108215918A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-29 | 武汉斯马特益电子技术有限公司 | A kind of new-energy automobile high-pressure system circuit |
| CN108988451A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-12-11 | 南京航空航天大学无锡研究院 | Isolation type bidirectional charger control method and control circuit |
| CN210101344U (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-02-21 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Vehicle-to-vehicle direct current charging device, vehicle and system |
| CN212463070U (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-02-02 | 杭州富特科技股份有限公司 | DCDC converter, vehicle-mounted charging device, system and vehicle |
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| CN102222958A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-10-19 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger for electric automobile |
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