CN113410577A - High-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113410577A
CN113410577A CN202110553049.XA CN202110553049A CN113410577A CN 113410577 A CN113410577 A CN 113410577A CN 202110553049 A CN202110553049 A CN 202110553049A CN 113410577 A CN113410577 A CN 113410577A
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coating
preparation
temperature
lithium battery
drying
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袁海朝
徐锋
田海龙
苏碧海
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Hebei Gellec New Energy Material Science and Technoloy Co Ltd
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Hebei Gellec New Energy Material Science and Technoloy Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/431Inorganic material
    • H01M50/434Ceramics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/44Fibrous material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing a dispersing agent, water and quartz fibers, adding ceramic powder, sanding, adding an adhesive, uniformly mixing to obtain ceramic coating slurry, coating the ceramic coating slurry on a base film, drying, coating the ceramic coating slurry on a first coating, drying, and coating an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on a second coating to obtain the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm.

Description

High-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of diaphragms, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the progress of social development and the increasing severity of environmental problems, new energy products are promoted to be produced, new energy automobiles serve as prominent ones, people have higher requirements on the endurance and safety performance of lithium ion battery automobiles, and lithium battery diaphragms play an important role as safety guarantee army.
The common diaphragm is polypropylene or polyethylene diaphragm, and these basic diaphragms do not have strong temperature resistance and enough insulating property, and do not play a role of protection for lithium ion batteries with high capacity requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm.
The invention also aims to provide the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm obtained by the preparation method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing a dispersing agent, water and quartz fibers, then adding ceramic powder, sanding, adding an adhesive, and uniformly mixing to obtain ceramic coating slurry, wherein the ratio of the dispersing agent to the water to the quartz fibers to the ceramic powder to the adhesive is (0.12-0.65): (36-60): (2-8): (20-40): (5-8);
in the step 1), stirring for 10-20min at a stirring speed of 1500-3100 r/min to uniformly mix the dispersing agent, the water and the quartz fiber.
In the step 1), the dispersing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate or ammonium tripolyphosphate, the ceramic powder is alumina, boehmite, magnesium hydroxide, silicon dioxide or barium sulfate, and the adhesive is styrene butadiene rubber, polyvinylidene fluoride, sodium carboxymethylcellulose or polyacrylamide.
In the step 1), the sanding time is 10-20min, and the rotation speed is 500-700 r/min.
In the step 1), the adhesive is added and then uniformly mixed, namely stirring is carried out at the ultrasonic frequency of 10-20 kHz, the stirring speed is 1000-2000r/min, and the stirring time is 10-20 min.
2) Coating the ceramic coating slurry on a base film on one side or both sides to form one or two first coating layers on the base film to obtain a first coating film;
in the step 2), the base film is a PE film.
In the step 2), the coating speed is 30-50 m/min, and the thickness of the first coating is 2-5 μm.
3) Drying the first coating film obtained in the step 2);
in the step 3), the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the drying time is 2-4 min.
4) Coating ceramic coating slurry on the first coating obtained in the step 3) so as to form a second coating on the first coating, thereby obtaining a second coating film;
in the step 4), the coating speed is 50-80 m/min, and the thickness of the second coating is 1-3 μm.
5) Drying the second coating film obtained in the step 4);
in the step 3), the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the drying time is 2-4 min.
6) Coating an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the second coating obtained in the step 5) to form a third coating on the second coating, so as to obtain the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm, wherein the vinyl acetate in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 20-28 wt%.
In the step 6), the coating speed is 20-50 m/min, and the thickness of the third coating is 1-3 μm.
The high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm prepared by the preparation method.
According to the invention, the quartz fiber in the ceramic coating slurry can be used for remarkably improving the temperature resistance and the insulativity of the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm, and a layer of organic slurry of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with the vinyl acetate content of 20-28 wt% is coated, so that the effect of bonding a pole piece and the diaphragm is achieved, the lithium ion movement distance is reduced, and the cycle performance of the battery can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining specific examples.
All coating machines are Dongshi 1350 type coating machines;
the mixers are all of a Hodgte 30L type;
the ultrasonic equipment is all Kunshan adhesive KH2200 type;
ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers were purchased from wacker, germany.
The base film used in the following examples had a thickness of 12 μm.
Example 1
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm comprises the following steps:
1) mixing a dispersing agent, water and quartz fibers in a planetary stirring device, stirring for 10min at a stirring speed of 1500r/min to uniformly mix the dispersing agent, the water and the quartz fibers, adding ceramic powder, sanding for 20min at a rotating speed of 500r/min, adding an adhesive, stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 1500r/min under an ultrasonic frequency of 13kHz to obtain ceramic coating slurry, wherein the ratio of the dispersing agent to the water to the quartz fibers to the ceramic powder to the adhesive is 0.65: 60: 8: 23.35: 8; the dispersing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate, the ceramic powder is alumina, and the adhesive is polyacrylamide.
2) And (3) coating the ceramic coating slurry on a base film which is a PE film on one side by using a coating machine to form a first coating layer on the base film to obtain the first coating film, wherein the coating speed is 30m/min, and the thickness of the first coating layer is 2 mu m.
3) Drying the first coating film obtained in the step 2) at 50 ℃ for 2 min;
4) coating the ceramic coating slurry on the first coating layer obtained in the step 3) by using a coater to form a second coating layer on the first coating layer to obtain a second coating film, wherein the coating speed is 50m/min, and the thickness of the second coating layer is 1 μm.
5) Drying the second coating film obtained in the step 4) at 50 ℃ for 2 min;
6) and (3) coating ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the second coating obtained in the step 5) by using a coating machine to form a third coating on the second coating, so as to obtain the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm, wherein the vinyl acetate in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 25 wt%, the coating speed is 20m/min, and the thickness of the third coating is 3 microns.
Example 2
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm comprises the following steps:
1) mixing a dispersing agent, water and quartz fibers in a planetary stirring device, stirring for 20min at a stirring speed of 2100r/min to uniformly mix the dispersing agent, the water and the quartz fibers, adding ceramic powder, sanding for 15min at a rotating speed of 600r/min, adding an adhesive, stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 1800r/min under an ultrasonic frequency of 13kHz to obtain ceramic coating slurry, wherein the ratio of the dispersing agent to the water to the quartz fibers to the ceramic powder to the adhesive is 0.38: 41: 5: 38.62: 5; the dispersing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate, the ceramic powder is alumina, and the adhesive is polyacrylamide.
2) And (3) coating the ceramic coating slurry on a base film which is a PE film on one side by using a coating machine to form a first coating layer on the base film to obtain the first coating film, wherein the coating speed is 30m/min, and the thickness of the first coating layer is 3 mu m.
3) Drying the first coating film obtained in the step 2) at 60 ℃ for 3 min;
4) coating the ceramic coating slurry on the first coating layer obtained in the step 3) by using a coater to form a second coating layer on the first coating layer to obtain a second coating film, wherein the coating speed is 60m/min, and the thickness of the second coating layer is 2 μm.
5) Drying the second coating film obtained in the step 4) at 60 ℃ for 3 min;
6) and (3) coating ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the second coating obtained in the step 5) by using a coating machine to form a third coating on the second coating, so as to obtain the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm, wherein the vinyl acetate in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 25 wt%, the coating speed is 40m/min, and the thickness of the third coating is 2.5 mu m.
Example 3
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm comprises the following steps:
1) mixing a dispersing agent, water and quartz fibers in a planetary stirring device, stirring for 10min at a stirring speed of 2000r/min to uniformly mix the dispersing agent, the water and the quartz fibers, adding ceramic powder, sanding for 10min at a rotating speed of 700r/min, adding an adhesive, stirring for 10min at a rotating speed of 2000r/min under an ultrasonic frequency of 13kHz to obtain ceramic coating slurry, wherein the ratio of the dispersing agent to the water to the quartz fibers to the ceramic powder to the adhesive is 0.5: 46: 7.5: 40: 6; the dispersing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate, the ceramic powder is alumina, and the adhesive is polyacrylamide.
2) And (3) coating the ceramic coating slurry on a base film which is a PE film on one side by using a coating machine to form a first coating layer on the base film to obtain the first coating film, wherein the coating speed is 50m/min, and the thickness of the first coating layer is 5 mu m.
3) Drying the first coating film obtained in the step 2) for 4min at 65 ℃;
4) coating the ceramic coating slurry on the first coating layer obtained in the step 3) by using a coater to form a second coating layer on the first coating layer to obtain a second coating film, wherein the coating speed is 75m/min, and the thickness of the second coating layer is 2 μm.
5) Drying the second coating film obtained in the step 4) at 70 ℃ for 4 min;
6) and (3) coating ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the second coating obtained in the step 5) by using a coating machine to form a third coating on the second coating, so as to obtain the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm, wherein the vinyl acetate in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 25 wt%, the coating speed is 50m/min, and the thickness of the third coating is 1 mu m.
The high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm obtained in the embodiment 1-3 is tested, and the test result is as follows:
Figure BDA0003075988230000041
Figure BDA0003075988230000051
Figure BDA0003075988230000061
every high temperature resistant high insulation high cycle lithium battery diaphragm tests 15 times insulation value, gets the average, obtains the insulation average of the high temperature resistant high insulation high cycle lithium battery diaphragm of embodiment 1 ~ 3 gained, and the test result is as follows:
Figure BDA0003075988230000062
the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm obtained in the embodiment 1-3 is assembled into a battery (90mm long, 60mm wide and 6mm high), the positive electrode material is nickel-cobalt-manganese, the negative electrode material is graphite, and the electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate. 3 batteries were assembled from each of the high-temperature-resistant, high-insulation, and high-cycle lithium battery separators obtained in examples 1 to 3, and tests were performed.
Figure BDA0003075988230000063
Figure BDA0003075988230000071
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) uniformly mixing a dispersing agent, water and quartz fibers, then adding ceramic powder, sanding, adding an adhesive, and uniformly mixing to obtain ceramic coating slurry, wherein the ratio of the dispersing agent to the water to the quartz fibers to the ceramic powder to the adhesive is (0.12-0.65): (36-60): (2-8): (20-40): (5-8);
2) coating the ceramic coating slurry on a base film on one side or both sides to form one or two first coating layers on the base film to obtain a first coating film;
3) drying the first coating film obtained in the step 2);
4) coating ceramic coating slurry on the first coating obtained in the step 3) so as to form a second coating on the first coating, thereby obtaining a second coating film;
5) drying the second coating film obtained in the step 4);
6) coating an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the second coating obtained in the step 5) to form a third coating on the second coating, so as to obtain the high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm, wherein the vinyl acetate in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 20-28 wt%.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the dispersant, the water and the quartz fiber are uniformly mixed by stirring at a stirring speed of 1500 to 3100r/min for 10 to 20 min;
in the step 1), the dispersing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate or ammonium tripolyphosphate, the ceramic powder is alumina, boehmite, magnesium hydroxide, silicon dioxide or barium sulfate, and the adhesive is styrene butadiene rubber, polyvinylidene fluoride, sodium carboxymethylcellulose or polyacrylamide.
3. The preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the sanding time is 10-20min, and the rotation speed is 500-700 r/min;
in the step 1), the adhesive is added and then uniformly mixed, namely stirring is carried out at the ultrasonic frequency of 10-20 kHz, the stirring speed is 1000-2000r/min, and the stirring time is 10-20 min.
4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the base film is a PE film.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the coating speed is 30 to 50m/min, and the thickness of the first coating layer is 2 to 5 μm.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃ and the drying time is 2-4 min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the coating speed is 50 to 80m/min, and the thickness of the second coating layer is 1 to 3 μm.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃ and the drying time is 2-4 min.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step 6), the coating speed is 20 to 50m/min, and the thickness of the third coating layer is 1 to 3 μm.
10. The high-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery separator obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202110553049.XA 2021-05-20 2021-05-20 High-temperature-resistant high-insulation high-cycle lithium battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof Pending CN113410577A (en)

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CN114188666A (en) * 2021-11-23 2022-03-15 河北金力新能源科技股份有限公司 High-heat-resistance high-insulation lithium battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof
CN115395173A (en) * 2022-08-18 2022-11-25 河北金力新能源科技股份有限公司 High-heat-resistance high-insulation lithium battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof
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Application publication date: 20210917