CN113410531B - Battery overall temperature detection method, device and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents

Battery overall temperature detection method, device and computer readable storage medium Download PDF

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CN113410531B
CN113410531B CN202110646052.6A CN202110646052A CN113410531B CN 113410531 B CN113410531 B CN 113410531B CN 202110646052 A CN202110646052 A CN 202110646052A CN 113410531 B CN113410531 B CN 113410531B
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蔡志端
潘天乐
晏仁健
江浩业
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Abstract

The invention discloses a battery overall temperature detection method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring ultrasonic detection data of the battery through an ultrasonic detection device arranged on a battery shell; acquiring the electric quantity and the external temperature of the battery; obtaining the calculated internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic detection data and the electric quantity; and calculating the overall temperature of the battery according to the calculated internal temperature and the calculated external temperature. The invention also discloses a battery overall temperature detection device and a computer readable storage medium. The invention makes the battery temperature evaluation and detection more accurate.

Description

电池整体温度检测方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质Battery overall temperature detection method, device and computer-readable storage medium

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及电池技术领域,尤其涉及一种电池整体温度检测方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质。The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular, to a method, a device and a computer-readable storage medium for detecting the overall temperature of a battery.

背景技术Background technique

电池对于温度的变化较为敏感,温度影响电池材料的活性和充放电性能,影响电池安全稳定运行,电池过热、热失控等异常工况容易诱发安全事故。为了保证电池的稳定和安全,对电池温度性能状态进行检测很有必要。Batteries are sensitive to changes in temperature. Temperature affects the activity and charge-discharge performance of battery materials, and affects the safe and stable operation of batteries. Abnormal operating conditions such as battery overheating and thermal runaway can easily lead to safety accidents. In order to ensure the stability and safety of the battery, it is necessary to detect the temperature performance state of the battery.

传统的电池温度检测一般是通过安装在电池表面的温度传感器进行检测,但是这种检测方法检测到的是电池外部的温度,易受周围环境的影响而造成检测结果不准确。The traditional battery temperature detection is generally performed by a temperature sensor installed on the surface of the battery, but this detection method detects the temperature outside the battery, which is easily affected by the surrounding environment, resulting in inaccurate detection results.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的主要目的在于提供一种电池整体温度检测方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质,旨在解决电池温度检测不准确的问题。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device and computer-readable storage medium for detecting the overall temperature of a battery, so as to solve the problem of inaccurate battery temperature detection.

为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种电池整体温度检测方法,所述电池整体温度检测方法包括:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for detecting the overall temperature of a battery, and the method for detecting the overall temperature of the battery includes:

通过设置在电池外壳上的超声波检测装置,采集所述电池的超声波检测数据;Collect the ultrasonic detection data of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery casing;

获取所述电池的电量和外部温度;obtain the power and external temperature of the battery;

根据所述超声波检测数据和电量得到所述电池的计算内部温度;Obtain the calculated internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic detection data and the power;

根据所述计算内部温度和所述外部温度,计算得到所述电池的整体温度。According to the calculated internal temperature and the external temperature, the overall temperature of the battery is calculated.

可选地,所述超声波检测数据包括第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据,根据所述超声波检测数据和电量得到所述电池的计算内部温度的步骤包括:Optionally, the ultrasonic detection data includes first ultrasonic data and second ultrasonic data, and the step of obtaining the calculated internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic detection data and the power level includes:

根据第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据中的第一超声波飞行时间和第二飞行时间以及电池电量,并通过如下公式计算得到所述电池的计算内部温度:According to the first ultrasonic flight time and the second ultrasonic flight time and the battery power in the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and calculate the calculated internal temperature of the battery by the following formula:

Figure BDA0003109050020000011
Figure BDA0003109050020000011

其中,t为电池计算内部温度;a为系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的集合,a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8为常数;D1ToF为第一超声波飞行时间;D2ToF为第二超声波飞行时间;SOC为电池电量。Among them, t is the calculated internal temperature of the battery; a is the set of coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , a 8 , a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 are constants; D1 ToF is the first ultrasonic flight time; D2 ToF is the second ultrasonic flight time; SOC is the battery power.

可选地,所述计算内部温度公式中系数a的取值可以根据多组真实数据拟合计算得到,根据多组真实数据拟合计算得到所述公式中系数a的取值的步骤包括:Optionally, the value of the coefficient a in the formula for calculating the internal temperature can be obtained by fitting and calculating according to multiple groups of real data, and the steps of obtaining the value of the coefficient a in the formula according to the fitting calculation of multiple groups of real data include:

获取多组所述电池的第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度;Obtain the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature of the plurality of groups of the batteries;

根据多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度对所述公式进行计算,分别得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值。Calculate the formula according to the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature, and obtain the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , The values of a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 .

可选地,所述根据多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度对所述公式进行计算,分别得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值的步骤包括:Optionally, the formula is calculated according to the multiple groups of the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature, and the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , and The steps of obtaining the values of a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 include:

建立真实电池内部温度和所述公式的目标函数公式:Establish the objective function formula for the real battery internal temperature and the stated formula:

Figure BDA0003109050020000021
Figure BDA0003109050020000021

对所述目标函数公式中每个系数a求偏导数,使偏导数值等于0,得到系数a的偏导数的线性方程:Calculate the partial derivative of each coefficient a in the objective function formula, make the value of the partial derivative equal to 0, and obtain the linear equation of the partial derivative of the coefficient a:

Figure BDA0003109050020000022
Figure BDA0003109050020000022

Figure BDA0003109050020000023
Figure BDA0003109050020000023

Figure BDA0003109050020000024
Figure BDA0003109050020000024

Figure BDA0003109050020000025
Figure BDA0003109050020000025

Figure BDA0003109050020000026
Figure BDA0003109050020000026

Figure BDA0003109050020000027
Figure BDA0003109050020000027

Figure BDA0003109050020000028
Figure BDA0003109050020000028

Figure BDA0003109050020000031
Figure BDA0003109050020000031

Figure BDA0003109050020000032
Figure BDA0003109050020000032

将多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度的数据代入所述线性方程,分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值;Substitute multiple sets of data of the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, electric quantity and real internal temperature into the linear equation, and calculate the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a respectively 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and the values of a 8 ;

其中,TI为真实的电池内部温度,L为真实电池内部温度和计算得到的电池内部温度的目标函数公式,

Figure BDA0003109050020000038
为偏导数符号,n为采样个数,i为采样点,i=1,2,…,n。Among them, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery, L is the objective function formula of the actual internal temperature of the battery and the calculated internal temperature of the battery,
Figure BDA0003109050020000038
is the partial derivative symbol, n is the number of samples, i is the sampling point, i=1, 2, ..., n.

可选地,所述将多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度的数据代入所述线性方程,计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值的步骤还包括:Optionally, by substituting multiple sets of data of the first ultrasonic time of flight, the second ultrasonic time of flight, the amount of electricity and the real internal temperature into the linear equation, the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , and a 3 are obtained by calculation. The steps for obtaining values of , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 also include:

根据所述系数a的偏导数的线性方程得到:According to the linear equation of the partial derivative of the coefficient a, we get:

Figure BDA0003109050020000033
Figure BDA0003109050020000033

Figure BDA0003109050020000034
Figure BDA0003109050020000034

Figure BDA0003109050020000035
Figure BDA0003109050020000035

Figure BDA0003109050020000036
Figure BDA0003109050020000036

Figure BDA0003109050020000037
Figure BDA0003109050020000037

Figure BDA0003109050020000041
Figure BDA0003109050020000041

Figure BDA0003109050020000042
Figure BDA0003109050020000042

Figure BDA0003109050020000043
Figure BDA0003109050020000043

Figure BDA0003109050020000044
Figure BDA0003109050020000044

将上述等式简化成矩阵形式得到XA=Y,其中,Simplify the above equation into matrix form to get XA=Y, where,

Figure BDA0003109050020000045
Figure BDA0003109050020000045

Figure BDA0003109050020000046
Figure BDA0003109050020000046

利用高斯消元法求解A,分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值。The Gaussian elimination method is used to solve A, and the values of the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 are calculated respectively.

可选地,所述根据所述计算内部温度和所述外部温度,计算得到所述电池的整体温度的步骤包括:Optionally, the step of calculating the overall temperature of the battery according to the calculated internal temperature and the external temperature includes:

根据公式T=mTR+(1-m)t计算得到所述电池的整体温度;Calculate the overall temperature of the battery according to the formula T=mTR+(1-m)t;

其中,T为电池整体温度,TR为电池外部温度,t为电池内部温度,m为电池外部温度权值,1-m为电池内部温度权值,0≤m≤1。Among them, T is the overall temperature of the battery, TR is the external temperature of the battery, t is the internal temperature of the battery, m is the weight of the external temperature of the battery, 1-m is the weight of the internal temperature of the battery, 0≤m≤1.

可选地,通过计算公式计算得到所述电池的计算内部温度的步骤之后,所述方法还包括根据以下公式对计算内部温度的公式进行评价,以衡量计算值与真实值之间的偏差:Optionally, after obtaining the step of calculating the internal temperature of the battery by calculating the formula, the method further includes evaluating the formula for calculating the internal temperature according to the following formula to measure the deviation between the calculated value and the real value:

Figure BDA0003109050020000051
Figure BDA0003109050020000051

其中,RESE为均方根误差,TI为真实的电池内部温度,n为采样个数,i为采样点,i=1,2,…,n。Among them, RESE is the root mean square error, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery, n is the number of samples, i is the sampling point, i=1,2,...,n.

可选地,所述超声波检测装置包括超声波发射端、第一超声波接收端和第二超声波接收端,所述第一超声波接收端设置在电池外壳与超声波发射端相同的一侧,所述第二超声波接收端设置在电池外壳与超声波发射端相对的一侧,所述通过设置在电池外壳上的超声波检测装置,采集所述电池的超声波检测数据的步骤还包括:Optionally, the ultrasonic detection device includes an ultrasonic transmitting end, a first ultrasonic receiving end and a second ultrasonic receiving end, the first ultrasonic receiving end is arranged on the same side of the battery casing as the ultrasonic transmitting end, the second ultrasonic receiving end is The ultrasonic receiving end is arranged on the opposite side of the battery casing and the ultrasonic transmitting end. The step of collecting the ultrasonic detection data of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery casing further includes:

通过设置在电池外壳上超声波检测装置采集电池第一超声波接收端的第一超声波数据和第二超声波接收端的第二超声波数据;Collect the first ultrasonic data of the first ultrasonic receiving end of the battery and the second ultrasonic data of the second ultrasonic receiving end of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery casing;

对所述第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据进行特征提取,提取第一超声波飞行时间和第二超声波飞行时间。Feature extraction is performed on the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and the first ultrasonic time-of-flight and the second ultrasonic time-of-flight are extracted.

此外,为实现上述目的,本发明还提供一种电池整体温度检测装置,所述电池整体温度检测装置装置包括:存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的电池整体温度检测程序,所述电池整体温度检测程序被所述处理器执行时实现如上所述电池整体温度检测方法的步骤。In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an overall battery temperature detection device, the battery overall temperature detection device includes: a memory, a processor, and a device stored in the memory and running on the processor. A battery overall temperature detection program, when the battery overall temperature detection program is executed by the processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned battery overall temperature detection method.

此外,为实现上述目的,本发明还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有电池整体温度检测程序,所述电池整体温度检测程序被处理器执行时实现如上所述电池整体温度检测方法的步骤。In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which an overall battery temperature detection program is stored, and when the overall battery temperature detection program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for detecting overall battery temperature is implemented A step of.

本发明通过设置在电池外壳上的超声波检测装置,采集所述电池的超声波检测数据;同时,获取所述电池的电量和外部温度;根据所述超声波检测数据和电量得到所述电池的计算内部温度;根据所述计算内部温度和所述外部温度,计算得到所述电池的整体温度。通过上述方式,本发明不仅考虑了电池的外部表面温度,还考虑了电池内部的温度,通过获取电池内部温度和电池外部温度来评估电池的整体温度,使电池温度检测评估更准确。The present invention collects the ultrasonic detection data of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery shell; at the same time, obtains the electric quantity and external temperature of the battery; and obtains the calculated internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic detection data and electric quantity ; Calculate the overall temperature of the battery according to the calculated internal temperature and the external temperature. Through the above method, the present invention not only considers the external surface temperature of the battery, but also considers the temperature inside the battery, and evaluates the overall temperature of the battery by obtaining the internal temperature of the battery and the external temperature of the battery, so that the battery temperature detection and evaluation is more accurate.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例方案涉及的硬件运行环境的装置结构示意图;1 is a schematic diagram of a device structure of a hardware operating environment involved in an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明电池整体温度检测方法的第一实施例的流程示意图;2 is a schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for detecting the overall temperature of a battery according to the present invention;

图3为超声波检测装置示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic detection device.

本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例,参照附图做进一步说明。The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

如图1所示,图1是本发明实施例方案涉及的硬件运行环境的装置结构示意图。As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device structure of a hardware operating environment involved in the solution of an embodiment of the present invention.

本发明实施例装置可以是PC,也可以是智能手机、平板电脑、电子书阅读器、MP3(Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III,动态影像专家压缩标准音频层面3)播放器、MP4(Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV,动态影像专家压缩标准音频层面4)播放器、便携计算机等具有显示功能的可移动式终端设备。The device in the embodiment of the present invention may be a PC, or a smart phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, an MP3 (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III) player, and an MP4 (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III) player. Group Audio Layer IV, moving image expert compression standard audio layer 4) Players, portable computers and other portable terminal devices with display functions.

如图1所示,该装置可以包括:处理器1001,例如CPU,通信总线1002,用户接口1003,网络接口1004,存储器1005。其中,通信总线1002用于实现这些组件之间的连接通信。用户接口1003可以包括显示屏(Display)、输入单元比如键盘(Keyboard),可选的,用户接口1003还可以包括标准的有线接口、无线接口。网络接口1004可选的可以包括标准的有线接口、无线接口(如WI-FI接口)。存储器1005可以是高速RAM存储器,也可以是稳定的存储器(non-volatile memory),例如磁盘存储器。存储器1005可选的还可以是独立于前述处理器1001的存储装置。As shown in FIG. 1 , the apparatus may include: a processor 1001 , such as a CPU, a communication bus 1002 , a user interface 1003 , a network interface 1004 , and a memory 1005 . Among them, the communication bus 1002 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen (Display), an input unit such as a keyboard (Keyboard), and optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface. Optionally, the network interface 1004 may include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface (eg, a WI-FI interface). The memory 1005 may be high-speed RAM memory, or may be non-volatile memory, such as disk memory. Optionally, the memory 1005 may also be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001 .

可选地,该装置还可以包括摄像头、RF(Radio Frequency,射频)电路,传感器、音频电路、WiFi模块等等。其中,传感器比如光传感器、运动传感器以及其他传感器。具体地,光传感器可包括环境光传感器及接近传感器,其中,环境光传感器可根据环境光线的明暗来调节显示屏的亮度,接近传感器可在移动终端移动到耳边时,关闭显示屏和/或背光。作为运动传感器的一种,重力加速度传感器可检测各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小,静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向,可用于识别移动终端姿态的应用(比如横竖屏切换、相关游戏、磁力计姿态校准)、振动识别相关功能(比如计步器、敲击)等;当然,移动终端还可配置陀螺仪、气压计、湿度计、温度计、红外线传感器等其他传感器,在此不再赘述。Optionally, the device may further include a camera, an RF (Radio Frequency, radio frequency) circuit, a sensor, an audio circuit, a WiFi module, and the like. Among them, sensors such as light sensors, motion sensors and other sensors. Specifically, the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor and a proximity sensor, wherein the ambient light sensor may adjust the brightness of the display screen according to the brightness of the ambient light, and the proximity sensor may turn off the display screen and/or turn off the display screen when the mobile terminal is moved to the ear. Backlight. As a kind of motion sensor, the gravitational acceleration sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in all directions (generally three axes), and can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when stationary, and can be used for applications that recognize the posture of mobile terminals (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related games, magnetometer attitude calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer, tapping), etc.; of course, the mobile terminal can also be equipped with other sensors such as gyroscope, barometer, hygrometer, thermometer, infrared sensor, etc. No longer.

本领域技术人员可以理解,图1中示出的装置结构并不构成对装置的限定,可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件,或者组合某些部件,或者不同的部件布置。Those skilled in the art can understand that the device structure shown in FIG. 1 does not constitute a limitation to the device, and may include more or less components than the one shown, or combine some components, or arrange different components.

如图1所示,作为一种计算机存储介质的存储器1005中可以包括操作系统、网络通信模块、用户接口模块以及电池整体温度检测程序。As shown in FIG. 1, the memory 1005, which is a computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a battery overall temperature detection program.

在图1所示的装置中,网络接口1004主要用于连接后台服务器,与后台服务器进行数据通信;用户接口1003主要用于连接客户端(用户端),与客户端进行数据通信;而处理器1001可以用于调用存储器1005中存储的电池整体温度检测程序,并执行以下操作:In the device shown in FIG. 1 , the network interface 1004 is mainly used to connect to the background server and perform data communication with the background server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used to connect the client (client) and perform data communication with the client; and the processor 1001 can be used to call the battery overall temperature detection program stored in the memory 1005, and perform the following operations:

通过设置在电池外壳上的超声波检测装置,采集所述电池的超声波检测数据;Collect the ultrasonic detection data of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery casing;

获取所述电池的电量和外部温度;obtain the power and external temperature of the battery;

根据所述超声波检测数据和电量得到所述电池的计算内部温度;Obtain the calculated internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic detection data and the power;

根据所述计算内部温度和所述外部温度,计算得到所述电池的整体温度。According to the calculated internal temperature and the external temperature, the overall temperature of the battery is calculated.

进一步地,所述超声波检测数据包括第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据,处理器1001可以调用存储器1005中存储的电池整体温度检测程序,还执行以下操作:Further, the ultrasonic detection data includes the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and the processor 1001 can call the battery overall temperature detection program stored in the memory 1005, and also perform the following operations:

根据第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据中的第一超声波飞行时间和第二飞行时间以及电池电量,并通过如下公式计算得到所述电池的计算内部温度:According to the first ultrasonic flight time and the second ultrasonic flight time and the battery power in the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and calculate the calculated internal temperature of the battery by the following formula:

Figure BDA0003109050020000071
Figure BDA0003109050020000071

其中,t为电池计算内部温度;a为系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的集合,a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8为常数;D1ToF为第一超声波飞行时间;D2ToF为第二超声波飞行时间;SOC为电池电量。Among them, t is the calculated internal temperature of the battery; a is the set of coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , a 8 , a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 are constants; D1 ToF is the first ultrasonic flight time; D2 ToF is the second ultrasonic flight time; SOC is the battery power.

进一步地,所述计算内部温度公式中系数a的取值可以根据多组真实数据拟合计算得到,处理器1001可以调用存储器1005中存储的电池整体温度检测程序,还执行以下操作:Further, the value of the coefficient a in the formula for calculating the internal temperature can be obtained by fitting and calculating according to multiple sets of real data, and the processor 1001 can call the battery overall temperature detection program stored in the memory 1005, and also perform the following operations:

获取多组所述电池的第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度;Obtain the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature of the plurality of groups of the batteries;

根据多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度对所述公式进行计算,分别得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值。Calculate the formula according to the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature, and obtain the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , The values of a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 .

进一步地,处理器1001可以调用存储器1005中存储的电池整体温度检测程序,还执行以下操作:Further, the processor 1001 can call the battery overall temperature detection program stored in the memory 1005, and also perform the following operations:

建立真实电池内部温度和所述计算公式的目标函数公式:Establish the objective function formula of the real battery internal temperature and the calculation formula:

Figure BDA0003109050020000081
Figure BDA0003109050020000081

对所述目标函数公式中每个系数a求偏导数,使偏导数值等于0,得到系数a的偏导数的线性方程:Calculate the partial derivative of each coefficient a in the objective function formula, make the value of the partial derivative equal to 0, and obtain the linear equation of the partial derivative of the coefficient a:

Figure BDA0003109050020000082
Figure BDA0003109050020000082

Figure BDA0003109050020000083
Figure BDA0003109050020000083

Figure BDA0003109050020000084
Figure BDA0003109050020000084

Figure BDA0003109050020000085
Figure BDA0003109050020000085

Figure BDA0003109050020000086
Figure BDA0003109050020000086

Figure BDA0003109050020000087
Figure BDA0003109050020000087

Figure BDA0003109050020000088
Figure BDA0003109050020000088

Figure BDA0003109050020000089
Figure BDA0003109050020000089

Figure BDA00031090500200000810
Figure BDA00031090500200000810

将多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度的数据代入所述线性方程,分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值;Substitute multiple sets of data of the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, electric quantity and real internal temperature into the linear equation, and calculate the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a respectively 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and the values of a 8 ;

其中,TI为真实的电池内部温度,L为真实电池内部温度和计算得到的电池内部温度的目标函数公式,

Figure BDA0003109050020000097
为偏导数符号,n为采样个数,i为采样点,i=1,2,…,n。Among them, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery, L is the objective function formula of the actual internal temperature of the battery and the calculated internal temperature of the battery,
Figure BDA0003109050020000097
is the partial derivative symbol, n is the number of samples, i is the sampling point, i=1, 2, ..., n.

进一步地,处理器1001可以调用存储器1005中存储的电池整体温度检测程序,还执行以下操作:Further, the processor 1001 can call the battery overall temperature detection program stored in the memory 1005, and also perform the following operations:

根据所述系数a的偏导数的线性方程得到:According to the linear equation of the partial derivative of the coefficient a, we get:

Figure BDA0003109050020000091
Figure BDA0003109050020000091

Figure BDA0003109050020000092
Figure BDA0003109050020000092

Figure BDA0003109050020000093
Figure BDA0003109050020000093

Figure BDA0003109050020000094
Figure BDA0003109050020000094

Figure BDA0003109050020000095
Figure BDA0003109050020000095

Figure BDA0003109050020000096
Figure BDA0003109050020000096

Figure BDA0003109050020000101
Figure BDA0003109050020000101

Figure BDA0003109050020000102
Figure BDA0003109050020000102

Figure BDA0003109050020000103
Figure BDA0003109050020000103

将上述等式简化成矩阵形式得到XA=Y,其中,Simplify the above equation into matrix form to get XA=Y, where,

Figure BDA0003109050020000104
Figure BDA0003109050020000104

Figure BDA0003109050020000105
Figure BDA0003109050020000105

利用高斯消元法求解A,分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值。The Gaussian elimination method is used to solve A, and the values of the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 are calculated respectively.

进一步地,处理器1001可以调用存储器1005中存储的电池整体温度检测程序,还执行以下操作:Further, the processor 1001 can call the battery overall temperature detection program stored in the memory 1005, and also perform the following operations:

根据公式T=mTR+(1-m)t计算得到所述电池的整体温度;Calculate the overall temperature of the battery according to the formula T=mTR+(1-m)t;

其中,T为电池整体温度,TR为电池外部温度,t为电池内部温度,m为电池外部温度权值,1-m为电池内部温度权值,0≤m≤1。Among them, T is the overall temperature of the battery, TR is the external temperature of the battery, t is the internal temperature of the battery, m is the weight of the external temperature of the battery, 1-m is the weight of the internal temperature of the battery, 0≤m≤1.

进一步地,通过公式计算得到所述电池的计算内部温度的步骤之后,处理器1001可以调用存储器1005中存储的电池整体温度检测程序,还执行以下操作:Further, after obtaining the step of calculating the internal temperature of the battery through formula calculation, the processor 1001 can call the battery overall temperature detection program stored in the memory 1005, and also perform the following operations:

根据以下公式对计算内部温度的公式进行评价,以衡量计算值与真实值之间的偏差:The formula for calculating the internal temperature is evaluated according to the following formula to measure the deviation between the calculated value and the true value:

Figure BDA0003109050020000111
Figure BDA0003109050020000111

其中,RESE为均方根误差,TI为真实的电池内部温度,n为采样个数,i为采样点,i=1,2,…,n。Among them, RESE is the root mean square error, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery, n is the number of samples, i is the sampling point, i=1,2,...,n.

进一步地,所述超声波检测装置包括超声波发射端、第一超声波接收端和第二超声波接收端,所述第一超声波接收端设置在电池外壳与超声波发射端相同的一侧,所述第二超声波接收端设置在电池外壳与超声波发射端相对的一侧,处理器1001可以调用存储器1005中存储的电池整体温度检测程序,还执行以下操作:Further, the ultrasonic detection device includes an ultrasonic transmitting end, a first ultrasonic receiving end and a second ultrasonic receiving end, the first ultrasonic receiving end is arranged on the same side of the battery casing as the ultrasonic transmitting end, and the second ultrasonic receiving end is The receiving end is arranged on the opposite side of the battery shell and the ultrasonic transmitting end. The processor 1001 can call the battery overall temperature detection program stored in the memory 1005, and also perform the following operations:

通过设置在电池外壳上超声波检测装置采集电池第一超声波接收端的第一超声波数据和第二超声波接收端的第二超声波数据;Collect the first ultrasonic data of the first ultrasonic receiving end of the battery and the second ultrasonic data of the second ultrasonic receiving end of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery casing;

对所述第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据进行特征提取,提取第一超声波飞行时间和第二超声波飞行时间。Feature extraction is performed on the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and the first ultrasonic time-of-flight and the second ultrasonic time-of-flight are extracted.

本发明电池整体温度检测装置的具体实施例与下述电池整体温度检测方法各实施例基本相同,在此不作赘述。The specific embodiments of the device for detecting the overall temperature of a battery according to the present invention are basically the same as the embodiments of the following methods for detecting the overall temperature of a battery, which will not be repeated here.

参照图2,图2为本发明电池整体温度检测方法的第一实施例的流程示意图,所述电池整体温度检测方法包括:Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of the first embodiment of the method for detecting the overall temperature of the battery according to the present invention. The method for detecting the overall temperature of the battery includes:

步骤S10,通过设置在电池外壳上的超声波检测装置,采集所述电池的超声波检测数据;Step S10, collecting ultrasonic detection data of the battery through an ultrasonic detection device disposed on the battery casing;

由于电池分层结构特点,电池温度可分为电池表面温度和电池内部温度,影响电池温度变化有两个因素,一是电池工作环境温度,二是电池工作过程中充放电电流。电池工作环境温度主要影响电池表面温度,热传导方向是由电池表面传递到电池内部。电池充放电电流主要影响电池内部温度,热传导方向是由电池内部传递到电池外部。如果对电池温度性能状态检测不准确,可能会导致电池发生过热甚至是热失控等异常工况,从而导致电池运行不稳定、不安全甚至发生火灾。一般情况下,电池表面温度与电池内部温度不一致,本发明电池温度检测是结合电池的外部温度和内部温度对电池整体温度性能进行评估。Due to the characteristics of the battery layered structure, the battery temperature can be divided into the battery surface temperature and the battery internal temperature. There are two factors that affect the battery temperature change, one is the battery working environment temperature, and the other is the charge and discharge current during the battery operation. The battery working environment temperature mainly affects the battery surface temperature, and the heat conduction direction is transferred from the battery surface to the battery interior. The charging and discharging current of the battery mainly affects the internal temperature of the battery, and the heat conduction direction is transferred from the inside of the battery to the outside of the battery. Inaccurate detection of battery temperature performance status may lead to abnormal conditions such as overheating or even thermal runaway of the battery, resulting in unstable battery operation, unsafe operation and even fire. In general, the surface temperature of the battery is inconsistent with the internal temperature of the battery. The battery temperature detection of the present invention is to evaluate the overall temperature performance of the battery in combination with the external temperature and the internal temperature of the battery.

动力锂电池作为20世纪开发成功的新型高能电池,具有能量高、电池电压高、工作温度范围宽、贮存寿命长等优点,并已进入大规模的实用阶段,被广泛应用于电子、人造卫星、航空航天、新能源汽车和储能领域。大容量锂电池已在电动汽车中试用,成为21世纪电动汽车的主要动力电源之一,动力锂电池温度性能状态的检测是电池管理系统重要部分。由于动力锂电池分层结构,电池温度影响锂离子的扩散以及电荷的转移过程,锂电池充放电过程中,电池内部电极材料的嵌锂态不同,导致电池参数和弹性模量变化,根据弹性波在饱和多孔介质中的传播理论可知,该变化将产生不同的声学传播特性。由于超声波检测参数与电池内部材料特性有直接关系,而电池内部材料特性又与温度有直接关系,所以这些参数均与电池内部温度有关,同时也与电池电量(SOC)和电池容量(SOH)之间存在一定的相关性,因此,应用超声波检测参数可以估计出电池内部温度值。本发明具体实施例中可以选择动力锂离子电池(以下简称电池)作为整体温度检测方法的检测对象,并基于超声波透射检测技术对电池的内部温度进行检测。可以理解,具体实施例中还可以是其它电池类型,比如镍镉电池、铅酸电池等。As a new type of high-energy battery successfully developed in the 20th century, power lithium battery has the advantages of high energy, high battery voltage, wide operating temperature range, and long storage life. It has entered a large-scale practical stage and is widely used in electronics, artificial satellites, Aerospace, new energy vehicles and energy storage. Large-capacity lithium batteries have been tried in electric vehicles and become one of the main power sources of electric vehicles in the 21st century. The detection of the temperature performance status of power lithium batteries is an important part of the battery management system. Due to the layered structure of the power lithium battery, the battery temperature affects the diffusion of lithium ions and the transfer process of the charge. During the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery, the lithium intercalation states of the internal electrode materials of the battery are different, resulting in changes in battery parameters and elastic modulus. According to the elastic wave The theory of propagation in saturated porous media states that this change will produce different acoustic propagation characteristics. Since the ultrasonic detection parameters are directly related to the internal material properties of the battery, and the internal material properties of the battery are directly related to the temperature, these parameters are related to the internal temperature of the battery, and are also related to the battery power (SOC) and battery capacity (SOH). There is a certain correlation between them. Therefore, the internal temperature value of the battery can be estimated by applying the ultrasonic detection parameters. In the specific embodiment of the present invention, a power lithium-ion battery (hereinafter referred to as battery) can be selected as the detection object of the overall temperature detection method, and the internal temperature of the battery is detected based on the ultrasonic transmission detection technology. It can be understood that other battery types, such as nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc., may also be used in specific embodiments.

进一步地,为了检测电池的内部变化,便于对电池内部温度进行检测,作为一种实施例,本实施例设计了一种超声波检测装置,如图3所示。超声波发射端贴附在待检测电池一侧。第一超声波接收端贴附在待检测电池与发射端相同一侧面并间距一定距离,与发射端平行。第二超声波接收端贴附在与发射端所在一侧的相对侧上同时处于中心对齐的位置上,这样可分别检测电池水平方向上的超声波型号分量和垂直方向上穿过电池的超声波信号分量数据。电池的形状可能是圆柱形,或者方形,本发明不限定待测电池的形状。通过超声波发射端与接收端的超声波信号,可以提取诸如飞行时间、最大振幅和强度等检测特征参数,进一步地,本实施例中超声波发射端和接收端均采用压电圆盘作为传感器(AB1290B-LW100-R,谐振频率9khz)。给超声波发射端一个频率范围为25-30kHz的单脉冲正弦激励信号,由于不同温度下,电池内部电极材料的嵌锂态不同,导致电池参数和弹性模量变化,从而影响到超声波在电池内部的传播速度以及振幅会发生一定衰减。在第一超声波接收端一侧接收穿过待检测电池后又被反射回来的超声信号,与此同时,在相对一侧的第二超声波接收端收集透射过待检测电池的超声信号,通过对穿透待检测电池的透射超声信号和被反射回来的反射超声信号进行全面收集,最大可能的采集携带待检测电池温度电池状态的超声信号。两个超声波接收端接收的超声信号经过信号放大器的放大后输入微控制器,经由该微控制器将接受的声学数据发送到电池整体温度检测装置,其中接收的声学数据经过电池整体温度检测装置简单处理后得到包括超声波飞行时间(ToF)、最大振幅和强度等声学数据,本实施例中对超声波数据进行特征提取,提取第一超声波接收端的飞行时间和第二超声波接收端的飞行时间作为电池内部温度的参考数据。本领域技术人员可以理解为,还可选择一个或两个以上的超声波接收端的检测数据,甚至还可以选择其它种超声波参数或者其它多种超声波参数的组合作为电池内部温度的参考数据,本发明不作具体限制。Further, in order to detect the internal changes of the battery and facilitate the detection of the internal temperature of the battery, as an embodiment, an ultrasonic detection device is designed in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 . The ultrasonic transmitting end is attached to one side of the battery to be tested. The first ultrasonic receiving end is attached to the same side of the battery to be detected as the transmitting end and is spaced apart at a certain distance, and is parallel to the transmitting end. The second ultrasonic receiving end is attached to the opposite side of the transmitting end and is aligned with the center at the same time, so that the ultrasonic model component in the horizontal direction of the battery and the ultrasonic signal component data in the vertical direction passing through the battery can be detected respectively. . The shape of the battery may be cylindrical or square, and the present invention does not limit the shape of the battery to be tested. Detection characteristic parameters such as time-of-flight, maximum amplitude and intensity can be extracted through the ultrasonic signals of the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver. -R, resonant frequency 9khz). A single-pulse sinusoidal excitation signal with a frequency range of 25-30kHz is given to the ultrasonic transmitter. Due to the different lithium intercalation states of the electrode materials inside the battery at different temperatures, the battery parameters and elastic modulus change, thus affecting the ultrasonic wave inside the battery. The propagation speed and amplitude will be attenuated to some extent. The ultrasonic signal reflected back after passing through the battery to be tested is received on the side of the first ultrasonic receiving end. At the same time, the ultrasonic signal transmitted through the battery to be tested is collected by the second ultrasonic receiving end on the opposite side. The transmitted ultrasonic signal passing through the battery to be tested and the reflected ultrasonic signal reflected back are collected comprehensively, and the ultrasonic signal carrying the temperature and battery state of the battery to be detected is collected to the greatest extent possible. The ultrasonic signals received by the two ultrasonic receiving ends are amplified by the signal amplifier and then input to the microcontroller, and the received acoustic data is sent to the battery overall temperature detection device through the microcontroller, wherein the received acoustic data is simply passed through the battery overall temperature detection device. After processing, acoustic data including ultrasonic time-of-flight (ToF), maximum amplitude and intensity are obtained. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic data is extracted by feature extraction, and the time-of-flight of the first ultrasonic receiving end and the flight time of the second ultrasonic receiving end are extracted as the internal temperature of the battery. reference data. Those skilled in the art can understand that the detection data of one or more ultrasonic receiving ends can also be selected, and even other ultrasonic parameters or combinations of other ultrasonic parameters can be selected as the reference data of the internal temperature of the battery. specific restrictions.

步骤S20,获取所述电池的电量和外部温度;Step S20, obtaining the power and external temperature of the battery;

电池的电量(SOC,State of Charge)即荷电状态,也叫剩余电量,是反应电池当前电量占总体可用容量百分比的一个参数,数值上定义为剩余容量占电池总容量的比值,常用百分数表示,其取值范围为0~1,当SOC=0时表示电池放电完全,当SOC=1时表示电池电量完全充满。SOC状态较高时会导致正负极材料的反应活性升高和热稳定性的下降,因此,在根据超声波数据进行电池内部温度检测的同时,本发明同时考虑了电池电量的影响,将电池的电量作为评估电池内部温度的参考因素。采集电池电量的方法可以是利用充放电测试仪,也可以通过开路电压法、安时积分法、内阻法、卡尔曼滤波法或神经网络法等获取电池SOC值。本发明中电池外部温度指的是电池外部表面温度,而非电池外部周围环境的温度,可以直接根据红外热成像仪,或者通过粘附在电池表面的温度传感器获取得到。The state of charge (SOC, State of Charge) of the battery is the state of charge, also known as the remaining power. It is a parameter that reflects the percentage of the current battery capacity to the total available capacity. It is numerically defined as the ratio of the remaining capacity to the total battery capacity, commonly expressed as a percentage , and its value range is 0 to 1. When SOC=0, it means that the battery is fully discharged, and when SOC=1, it means that the battery is fully charged. When the SOC state is high, the reactivity of the positive and negative electrode materials will increase and the thermal stability will decrease. Therefore, while detecting the internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic data, the present invention also considers the influence of the battery power, and the battery The capacity is used as a reference factor for evaluating the internal temperature of the battery. The method of collecting battery power can be to use a charge and discharge tester, or to obtain the battery SOC value by open circuit voltage method, ampere-hour integration method, internal resistance method, Kalman filter method or neural network method. In the present invention, the external temperature of the battery refers to the temperature of the external surface of the battery, not the temperature of the surrounding environment outside the battery, which can be obtained directly from an infrared thermal imager or through a temperature sensor attached to the surface of the battery.

步骤S30,根据所述超声波检测数据和电量得到所述电池的计算内部温度;Step S30, obtaining the calculated internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic detection data and the power;

超声波检测数据与电池内部温度之间具有非线性关系,通过构建超声波声学数据与电池内部温度的数学模型,以便在实际应用过程中利用该模型对电池内部温度值直接检测。本实施例将超声波飞行时间和电池电量作为输入数据,根据第一超声波飞行时间和第二飞行时间以及电池电量,通过如下计算公式计算得到所述电池的计算内部温度:There is a nonlinear relationship between the ultrasonic detection data and the internal temperature of the battery. By building a mathematical model of the ultrasonic acoustic data and the internal temperature of the battery, the model can be used to directly detect the internal temperature of the battery in the actual application process. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic flight time and battery power are used as input data, and the calculated internal temperature of the battery is obtained by the following calculation formula according to the first ultrasonic flight time and the second flight time and the battery power:

t=f(D1ToF,D2ToF,SOC;a)t=f(D1 ToF , D2 ToF , SOC; a)

=a0+a1D1ToF+a2D2ToF+a3SOC+a4D1ToFSOC+a5D2ToFSOC+a6D1ToF 2+a7D2ToF 2+a8SOC2 =a 0 +a 1 D1 ToF +a 2 D2 ToF +a 3 SOC+a 4 D1 ToF SOC+a 5 D2 ToF SOC+a 6 D1 ToF 2 +a 7 D2 ToF 2 +a 8 SOC 2

其中,t为电池计算内部温度;a为系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的集合,a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8为常数;D1ToF为第一超声波飞行时间;D2ToF为第二超声波飞行时间;SOC为电池电量。Among them, t is the calculated internal temperature of the battery; a is the set of coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , a 8 , a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 are constants; D1 ToF is the first ultrasonic flight time; D2 ToF is the second ultrasonic flight time; SOC is the battery power.

上述计算公式为电池内部温度关于第一超声波飞行时间、第二飞行时间以及电池电量的三元二次函数,可以理解,在具体实施例中还可以选择其它参数构建内部温度的函数公式,函数公式不限于三元也不限于二次式。The above calculation formula is a ternary quadratic function of the internal temperature of the battery with respect to the first ultrasonic flight time, the second flight time and the battery power. It can be understood that in specific embodiments, other parameters can also be selected to construct a functional formula of the internal temperature. The function formula Not limited to ternary nor limited to quadratic.

其中,系数a的取值可以根据获取足够样本量的电池的第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和内部温度的真实采样数据进行拟合得到。特别提醒的是,采样的数据应尽可能的丰富和全面,尽可能涵盖各不同电量和不同温度下的超声波数据,同时进行采样实验时需要注意温度的合理性,防止因为温度过高引发电池故障甚至是安全事故。例如,通过调节恒温箱来改变实验电池周围环境温度,从而间接改变实验电池的内部温度和外部温度,并通过充放电测试仪使实验电池处于不同SOC值,获取此时的实验电池真实的内部温度、外部温度、电池电量值以及超声波飞行时间。由于此时实验电池未处于工作状态,通过将实验电池放置在恒温箱内足够充足的时间,则可以将恒温箱设定的温度作为电池真实的内部温度和外部温度,也可以通过温度传感器测量电池真实温度。这样电池在不同内部温度,不同SOC值下的超声波检测数据以及电池表面温度数据都能获取到,根据多组真实数据采用非线性最小二乘法对内部温度的计算公式进行拟合,从而得到公式的系数a的取值。The value of the coefficient a can be obtained by fitting according to the real sampling data of the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the internal temperature of the battery with a sufficient sample size. It is specially reminded that the sampled data should be as rich and comprehensive as possible, covering as much as possible ultrasonic data of different power levels and different temperatures. At the same time, when sampling experiments, it is necessary to pay attention to the rationality of the temperature to prevent battery failure due to excessive temperature. Even security incidents. For example, by adjusting the incubator to change the ambient temperature of the experimental battery, thereby indirectly changing the internal temperature and external temperature of the experimental battery, and using the charge and discharge tester to make the experimental battery at different SOC values, obtain the actual internal temperature of the experimental battery at this time. , external temperature, battery level, and ultrasonic flight time. Since the experimental battery is not in working state at this time, by placing the experimental battery in the incubator for a sufficient time, the temperature set by the incubator can be used as the actual internal temperature and external temperature of the battery, or the battery can be measured by a temperature sensor. true temperature. In this way, the ultrasonic detection data and battery surface temperature data of the battery at different internal temperatures and different SOC values can be obtained. According to multiple sets of real data, the nonlinear least squares method is used to fit the calculation formula of the internal temperature, so as to obtain the formula of The value of the coefficient a.

具体地,建立真实电池内部温度和所述计算公式的目标函数公式:Specifically, establish the real battery internal temperature and the objective function formula of the calculation formula:

Figure BDA0003109050020000141
Figure BDA0003109050020000141

其中,TI为真实的电池内部温度;L为真实电池内部温度和计算得到的电池内部温度的目标函数公式,

Figure BDA0003109050020000142
为偏导数符号;n为采样个数;i为采样点;i=1,2,…,n;
Figure BDA0003109050020000143
为第i次采样时根据采样的第一超声波飞行时间D1ToFi、第二超声波飞行时间D2ToFi、电量SOCi计算得到的内部温度;TIi为第i次采样时真实的电池内部温度。Among them, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery; L is the objective function formula of the actual internal temperature of the battery and the calculated internal temperature of the battery,
Figure BDA0003109050020000142
is the partial derivative symbol; n is the number of samples; i is the sampling point; i=1,2,...,n;
Figure BDA0003109050020000143
is the internal temperature calculated according to the sampled first ultrasonic flight time D1 ToFi , second ultrasonic flight time D2 ToFi , and power SOC i during the ith sampling; TI i is the actual internal temperature of the battery during the ith sampling.

对目标函数公式中每个系数a求偏导数,为了使目标函数最优,使偏导数值等于0,得到系数a的偏导数的线性方程:Calculate the partial derivative of each coefficient a in the objective function formula. In order to optimize the objective function, make the partial derivative value equal to 0, and obtain the linear equation of the partial derivative of the coefficient a:

Figure BDA0003109050020000151
Figure BDA0003109050020000151

Figure BDA0003109050020000152
Figure BDA0003109050020000152

Figure BDA0003109050020000153
Figure BDA0003109050020000153

Figure BDA0003109050020000154
Figure BDA0003109050020000154

Figure BDA0003109050020000155
Figure BDA0003109050020000155

Figure BDA0003109050020000156
Figure BDA0003109050020000156

Figure BDA0003109050020000157
Figure BDA0003109050020000157

Figure BDA0003109050020000158
Figure BDA0003109050020000158

Figure BDA0003109050020000159
Figure BDA0003109050020000159

将多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度的数据代入所述线性方程,即可分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值。Substitute multiple sets of data of the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature into the linear equation, and then the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 can be calculated respectively. The values of , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 .

进一步地,对以上线性等式简化得到:Further, simplify the above linear equation to get:

Figure BDA00031090500200001510
Figure BDA00031090500200001510

Figure BDA00031090500200001511
Figure BDA00031090500200001511

Figure BDA0003109050020000161
Figure BDA0003109050020000161

Figure BDA0003109050020000162
Figure BDA0003109050020000162

Figure BDA0003109050020000163
Figure BDA0003109050020000163

Figure BDA0003109050020000164
Figure BDA0003109050020000164

Figure BDA0003109050020000165
Figure BDA0003109050020000165

Figure BDA0003109050020000166
Figure BDA0003109050020000166

Figure BDA0003109050020000167
Figure BDA0003109050020000167

写成矩阵形式得到XA=Y,其中,

Figure BDA0003109050020000168
Written in matrix form to get XA=Y, where,
Figure BDA0003109050020000168

Figure BDA0003109050020000171
Figure BDA0003109050020000171

利用高斯消元法求解A,可得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值。Using the Gaussian elimination method to solve A, the values of the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 can be obtained.

进一步地,得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值代入计算内部温度公式后,还需要根据以下公式对计算内部温度的公式进行评价,以衡量计算值与真实值之间的偏差:Further, after obtaining the values of the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 into the formula for calculating the internal temperature, it is also necessary to calculate the internal temperature according to the following formula is evaluated by the formula to measure the deviation between the calculated value and the true value:

Figure BDA0003109050020000172
Figure BDA0003109050020000172

其中,RESE为均方根误差,TI为真实的电池内部温度,n为采样个数,i为采样点,i=1,2,…,n。Among them, RESE is the root mean square error, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery, n is the number of samples, i is the sampling point, i=1,2,...,n.

若计算出来的RESE值也就是计算值与真实值之间偏差较小,符合规定的范围,则认为系数a的取值合理,内部温度计算公式有效;若算值与真实值之间偏差较大,超过规定的偏差范围,则说明公式计算出来的内部温度和真实的内部温度差异很大,a的取值不合理,可以通过获取更多的样本数据或者更改采样方法和采样数据重新对a的取值进行拟合计算,直到符合规定的偏差范围为止。If the calculated RESE value, that is, the deviation between the calculated value and the actual value, is small and meets the specified range, it is considered that the value of the coefficient a is reasonable and the internal temperature calculation formula is valid; if the deviation between the calculated value and the real value is large , exceeding the specified deviation range, it means that the internal temperature calculated by the formula is very different from the real internal temperature, and the value of a is unreasonable. You can obtain more sample data or change the sampling method and sampling data. The fitting calculation is performed by taking the value until the specified deviation range is met.

步骤S40,根据所述计算内部温度和所述外部温度,计算得到所述电池的整体温度Step S40, calculating the overall temperature of the battery according to the calculated internal temperature and the external temperature

通过步骤S30,本实施例建立电池内部温度与超声波数据和电池电量的关系式,并通过真实数据拟合得到关系式中系数的取值,在之后实际应用中,可以直接运用函数关系式计算得到电池的内部温度,并结合步骤S20获取的电池外部温度评价电池的整体温度。Through step S30, this embodiment establishes the relationship between the internal temperature of the battery, the ultrasonic data and the battery power, and obtains the value of the coefficient in the relationship by fitting the real data. In practical applications, it can be directly calculated by using the functional relationship. The internal temperature of the battery is combined with the external temperature of the battery obtained in step S20 to evaluate the overall temperature of the battery.

进一步地,本实施例中电池外部温度和内部温度根据公式T=mTR+(1-m)t计算得到所述电池的整体温度;其中,T为电池整体温度,TR为电池外部温度,t为电池内部温度,m为电池外部温度权值,1-m为电池内部温度权值,0≤m≤1,m可以根据专家意见评估拟定。在具体实施例中,还可以选择其它算法得到电池的整体温度,在此不做赘述。Further, in this embodiment, the external temperature and internal temperature of the battery are calculated according to the formula T=mTR+(1-m)t to obtain the overall temperature of the battery; where T is the overall temperature of the battery, TR is the external temperature of the battery, and t is the battery. Internal temperature, m is the weight of the external temperature of the battery, 1-m is the weight of the internal temperature of the battery, 0≤m≤1, m can be evaluated and formulated based on expert opinions. In a specific embodiment, other algorithms may also be selected to obtain the overall temperature of the battery, which will not be repeated here.

本实施例通过采集电池超声波数据计算得到电池的内部温度,结合采集的电池外部温度综合评价电池的整体温度,既考虑了电池外部温度又考虑了电池内部温度,使电池温度评估更全面准确,为电池热失控预警提升重要依据。本实施例中还提供了一种内部温度关于超声波飞行时间和电池电量的二次方程式的数学模型,并通过真实数据拟合内部温度公式得到公式系数,之后通过均方根误差公式对内部温度公式进行评价,优化公式算法,使算法更准确。In this embodiment, the internal temperature of the battery is calculated by collecting the ultrasonic data of the battery, and the overall temperature of the battery is comprehensively evaluated in combination with the collected external temperature of the battery. Both the external temperature of the battery and the internal temperature of the battery are considered, so that the battery temperature evaluation is more comprehensive and accurate. An important basis for improving battery thermal runaway warning. This embodiment also provides a mathematical model of the quadratic equation of the internal temperature with respect to the ultrasonic flight time and battery power, and obtains the formula coefficient by fitting the internal temperature formula with real data, and then uses the root mean square error formula to compare the internal temperature formula Evaluate and optimize the formula algorithm to make the algorithm more accurate.

此外,本发明实施例还提出一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有电池整体温度检测程序,所述电池整体温度检测程序被处理器执行时实现如下操作:In addition, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a battery overall temperature detection program. When the battery overall temperature detection program is executed by a processor, the following operations are implemented:

通过设置在电池外壳上的超声波检测装置,采集所述电池的超声波检测数据;Collect the ultrasonic detection data of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery casing;

获取所述电池的电量和外部温度;obtain the power and external temperature of the battery;

根据所述超声波检测数据和电量得到所述电池的计算内部温度;Obtain the calculated internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic detection data and the power;

根据所述计算内部温度和所述外部温度,计算得到所述电池的整体温度。According to the calculated internal temperature and the external temperature, the overall temperature of the battery is calculated.

进一步地,所述超声波检测数据包括第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据,所述电池整体温度检测程序被处理器执行时还实现如下操作:Further, the ultrasonic detection data includes the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and when the overall temperature detection program of the battery is executed by the processor, the following operations are also implemented:

根据第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据中的第一超声波飞行时间和第二飞行时间以及电池电量,并通过如下公式计算得到所述电池的计算内部温度:According to the first ultrasonic flight time and the second ultrasonic flight time and the battery power in the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and calculate the calculated internal temperature of the battery by the following formula:

Figure BDA0003109050020000181
Figure BDA0003109050020000181

其中,t为电池计算内部温度;a为系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的集合,a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8为常数;D1ToF为第一超声波飞行时间;D2ToF为第二超声波飞行时间;SOC为电池电量。Among them, t is the calculated internal temperature of the battery; a is the set of coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , a 8 , a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 are constants; D1 ToF is the first ultrasonic flight time; D2 ToF is the second ultrasonic flight time; SOC is the battery power.

进一步地,所述计算内部温度公式中系数a的取值可以根据多组真实数据拟合得到,根据多组真实数据计算得到所述计算公式中系数a的取值的步骤包括:Further, the value of the coefficient a in the formula for calculating the internal temperature can be obtained by fitting according to multiple groups of real data, and the steps of calculating and obtaining the value of the coefficient a in the calculation formula according to the multiple groups of real data include:

获取多组所述电池的第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度;Obtain the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature of the plurality of groups of the batteries;

根据多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度对所述公式进行计算,分别得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值。Calculate the formula according to the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature, and obtain the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , The values of a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 .

进一步地,所述电池整体温度检测程序被处理器执行时还实现如下操作:Further, when the battery overall temperature detection program is executed by the processor, the following operations are also implemented:

建立真实电池内部温度和所述公式的目标函数公式:Establish the objective function formula for the real battery internal temperature and the stated formula:

Figure BDA0003109050020000191
Figure BDA0003109050020000191

对所述目标函数公式中每个系数a求偏导数,使偏导数值等于0,得到系数a的偏导数的线性方程:Calculate the partial derivative of each coefficient a in the objective function formula, make the value of the partial derivative equal to 0, and obtain the linear equation of the partial derivative of the coefficient a:

Figure BDA0003109050020000192
Figure BDA0003109050020000192

Figure BDA0003109050020000193
Figure BDA0003109050020000193

Figure BDA0003109050020000194
Figure BDA0003109050020000194

Figure BDA0003109050020000195
Figure BDA0003109050020000195

Figure BDA0003109050020000196
Figure BDA0003109050020000196

Figure BDA0003109050020000197
Figure BDA0003109050020000197

Figure BDA0003109050020000198
Figure BDA0003109050020000198

Figure BDA0003109050020000199
Figure BDA0003109050020000199

Figure BDA00031090500200001910
Figure BDA00031090500200001910

将多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度的数据代入所述线性方程,分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值;Substitute multiple sets of data of the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, electric quantity and real internal temperature into the linear equation, and calculate the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a respectively 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and the values of a 8 ;

其中,TI为真实的电池内部温度,L为真实电池内部温度和计算得到的电池内部温度的目标函数公式,

Figure BDA00031090500200001911
为偏导数符号,n为采样个数,i为采样点,i=1,2,…,n。Among them, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery, L is the objective function formula of the actual internal temperature of the battery and the calculated internal temperature of the battery,
Figure BDA00031090500200001911
is the partial derivative symbol, n is the number of samples, i is the sampling point, i=1, 2, ..., n.

进一步地,所述电池整体温度检测程序被处理器执行时还实现如下操作:Further, when the battery overall temperature detection program is executed by the processor, the following operations are also implemented:

根据所述系数a的偏导数的线性方程得到:According to the linear equation of the partial derivative of the coefficient a, we get:

Figure BDA0003109050020000201
Figure BDA0003109050020000201

Figure BDA0003109050020000202
Figure BDA0003109050020000202

Figure BDA0003109050020000203
Figure BDA0003109050020000203

Figure BDA0003109050020000204
Figure BDA0003109050020000204

Figure BDA0003109050020000205
Figure BDA0003109050020000205

Figure BDA0003109050020000206
Figure BDA0003109050020000206

Figure BDA0003109050020000207
Figure BDA0003109050020000207

Figure BDA0003109050020000208
Figure BDA0003109050020000208

Figure BDA0003109050020000211
Figure BDA0003109050020000211

将上述等式简化成矩阵形式得到XA=Y,其中,Simplify the above equation into matrix form to get XA=Y, where,

Figure BDA0003109050020000212
Figure BDA0003109050020000212

Figure BDA0003109050020000213
Figure BDA0003109050020000213

利用高斯消元法求解A,分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值。The Gaussian elimination method is used to solve A, and the values of the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 are calculated respectively.

进一步地,所述电池整体温度检测程序被处理器执行时还实现如下操作:Further, when the battery overall temperature detection program is executed by the processor, the following operations are also implemented:

根据公式T=mTR+(1-m)t计算得到所述电池的整体温度;Calculate the overall temperature of the battery according to the formula T=mTR+(1-m)t;

其中,T为电池整体温度,TR为电池外部温度,t为电池内部温度,m为电池外部温度权值,1-m为电池内部温度权值,0≤m≤1。Among them, T is the overall temperature of the battery, TR is the external temperature of the battery, t is the internal temperature of the battery, m is the weight of the external temperature of the battery, 1-m is the weight of the internal temperature of the battery, 0≤m≤1.

进一步地,所述电池整体温度检测程序被处理器执行时还实现如下操作:Further, when the battery overall temperature detection program is executed by the processor, the following operations are also implemented:

根据以下公式对计算内部温度的公式进行评价,以衡量计算值与真实值之间的偏差:The formula for calculating the internal temperature is evaluated according to the following formula to measure the deviation between the calculated value and the true value:

Figure BDA0003109050020000214
Figure BDA0003109050020000214

其中,RESE为均方根误差,TI为真实的电池内部温度,n为采样个数,i为采样点,i=1,2,…,n。Among them, RESE is the root mean square error, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery, n is the number of samples, i is the sampling point, i=1,2,...,n.

进一步地,所述超声波检测装置包括超声波发射端、第一超声波接收端和第二超声波接收端,所述第一超声波接收端设置在电池外壳与超声波发射端相同的一侧,所述第二超声波接收端设置在电池外壳与超声波发射端相对的一侧,所述电池整体温度检测程序被处理器执行时还实现如下操作:Further, the ultrasonic detection device includes an ultrasonic transmitting end, a first ultrasonic receiving end and a second ultrasonic receiving end, the first ultrasonic receiving end is arranged on the same side of the battery casing as the ultrasonic transmitting end, and the second ultrasonic receiving end is The receiving end is arranged on the opposite side of the battery shell and the ultrasonic transmitting end. When the battery overall temperature detection program is executed by the processor, the following operations are also implemented:

通过设置在电池外壳上超声波检测装置采集电池第一超声波接收端的第一超声波数据和第二超声波接收端的第二超声波数据;Collect the first ultrasonic data of the first ultrasonic receiving end of the battery and the second ultrasonic data of the second ultrasonic receiving end of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery casing;

对所述第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据进行特征提取,提取第一超声波飞行时间和第二超声波飞行时间。Feature extraction is performed on the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and the first ultrasonic time-of-flight and the second ultrasonic time-of-flight are extracted.

本发明计算机可读存储介质的具体实施例与上述电池整体温度检测方法各实施例基本相同,在此不作赘述。The specific embodiments of the computer-readable storage medium of the present invention are basically the same as the above-mentioned embodiments of the method for detecting the overall temperature of the battery, and are not repeated here.

需要说明的是,在本文中,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者系统不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者系统所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者系统中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that, herein, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or system comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, It also includes other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or system. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or system that includes the element.

上述本发明实施例序号仅仅为了描述,不代表实施例的优劣。The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are only for description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

通过以上的实施方式的描述,本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现,当然也可以通过硬件,但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在如上所述的一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中,包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机,计算机,服务器,空调器,或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course hardware can also be used, but in many cases the former is better implementation. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention can be embodied in the form of software products in essence or the parts that make contributions to the prior art. The computer software products are stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM) as described above. , magnetic disk, optical disk), including several instructions to make a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

以上仅为本发明的优选实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields , are similarly included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种电池整体温度检测方法,其特征在于,所述电池整体温度检测方法包括:1. A method for detecting the overall temperature of a battery, wherein the method for detecting the overall temperature of the battery comprises: 通过设置在电池外壳上的超声波检测装置,采集所述电池的超声波检测数据;Collect the ultrasonic detection data of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery casing; 获取所述电池的电量和外部温度;obtain the power and external temperature of the battery; 根据所述超声波检测数据和电量得到所述电池的计算内部温度;Obtain the calculated internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic detection data and the power; 根据所述计算内部温度和所述外部温度,计算得到所述电池的整体温度;Calculate the overall temperature of the battery according to the calculated internal temperature and the external temperature; 所述超声波检测数据包括第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据,根据所述超声波检测数据和电量得到所述电池的计算内部温度的步骤包括:The ultrasonic detection data includes first ultrasonic data and second ultrasonic data, and the step of obtaining the calculated internal temperature of the battery according to the ultrasonic detection data and the power level includes: 根据第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据中的第一超声波飞行时间和第二超声波飞行时间以及电池电量,并通过如下公式计算得到所述电池的计算内部温度:According to the first ultrasonic flight time and the second ultrasonic flight time and the battery power in the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and the calculated internal temperature of the battery is calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003657524470000011
Figure FDA0003657524470000011
其中,t为电池计算内部温度;a为系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的集合,a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8为常数;D1ToF为第一超声波飞行时间;D2ToF为第二超声波飞行时间;SOC为电池电量;Among them, t is the calculated internal temperature of the battery; a is the set of coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , a 8 , a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8 are constants; D1 ToF is the first ultrasonic flight time; D2 ToF is the second ultrasonic flight time ; SOC is the battery power; 所述计算内部温度公式中系数a的取值可以根据多组真实数据拟合计算得到,根据多组真实数据计算得到所述公式中系数a的取值的步骤包括:The value of the coefficient a in the formula for calculating the internal temperature can be obtained by fitting and calculating according to multiple groups of real data, and the steps of calculating and obtaining the value of the coefficient a in the formula according to the multiple groups of real data include: 获取多组所述电池的第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度;Obtain the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature of the plurality of groups of the batteries; 根据多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度对所述公式进行计算,分别得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值;Calculate the formula according to the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature, and obtain the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , The values of a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 ; 所述根据多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度对所述公式进行计算,分别得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值的步骤包括:The formula is calculated according to the multiple groups of the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, the electric quantity and the real internal temperature, and the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , and a are obtained respectively. The steps of obtaining values of 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 include: 建立真实电池内部温度和所述公式的目标函数公式:Establish the objective function formula for the real battery internal temperature and the stated formula:
Figure FDA0003657524470000021
Figure FDA0003657524470000021
对所述目标函数公式中每个系数a求偏导数,使偏导数值等于0,得到系数a的偏导数的线性方程:Calculate the partial derivative of each coefficient a in the objective function formula, make the value of the partial derivative equal to 0, and obtain the linear equation of the partial derivative of the coefficient a:
Figure FDA0003657524470000022
Figure FDA0003657524470000022
Figure FDA0003657524470000023
Figure FDA0003657524470000023
Figure FDA0003657524470000024
Figure FDA0003657524470000024
Figure FDA0003657524470000025
Figure FDA0003657524470000025
Figure FDA0003657524470000026
Figure FDA0003657524470000026
Figure FDA0003657524470000027
Figure FDA0003657524470000027
Figure FDA0003657524470000028
Figure FDA0003657524470000028
Figure FDA0003657524470000029
Figure FDA0003657524470000029
Figure FDA00036575244700000210
Figure FDA00036575244700000210
将多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度的数据代入所述线性方程,分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值;Substitute multiple sets of data of the first ultrasonic flight time, the second ultrasonic flight time, electric quantity and real internal temperature into the linear equation, and calculate the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a respectively 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and the values of a 8 ; 其中,TI为真实的电池内部温度,L为真实电池内部温度和计算得到的电池内部温度的目标函数公式,
Figure FDA00036575244700000211
为偏导数符号,n为采样个数,i为采样点,i=1,2,…,n。
Among them, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery, L is the objective function formula of the actual internal temperature of the battery and the calculated internal temperature of the battery,
Figure FDA00036575244700000211
is the partial derivative symbol, n is the number of samples, i is the sampling point, i=1, 2, ..., n.
2.如权利要求1所述的电池温度检测方法,其特征在于,所述将多组所述第一超声波飞行时间、第二超声波飞行时间、电量和真实内部温度的数据代入所述线性方程,分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值的步骤还包括:2. The battery temperature detection method according to claim 1, wherein the data of the first ultrasonic time-of-flight, the second ultrasonic time-of-flight, electric quantity and true internal temperature of multiple groups are substituted into the linear equation, The steps of calculating the values of the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 respectively include: 根据所述系数a的偏导数的线性方程得到:According to the linear equation of the partial derivative of the coefficient a, we get:
Figure FDA0003657524470000031
Figure FDA0003657524470000031
Figure FDA0003657524470000032
Figure FDA0003657524470000032
Figure FDA0003657524470000033
Figure FDA0003657524470000033
Figure FDA0003657524470000034
Figure FDA0003657524470000034
Figure FDA0003657524470000035
Figure FDA0003657524470000035
Figure FDA0003657524470000036
Figure FDA0003657524470000036
Figure FDA0003657524470000037
Figure FDA0003657524470000037
Figure FDA0003657524470000038
Figure FDA0003657524470000038
Figure FDA0003657524470000041
Figure FDA0003657524470000041
将上述等式简化成矩阵形式得到XA=Y,其中,Simplify the above equation into matrix form to get XA=Y, where,
Figure FDA0003657524470000042
Figure FDA0003657524470000042
A=(a0 a1…a8)T
Figure FDA0003657524470000043
A=(a 0 a 1 ...a 8 ) T ,
Figure FDA0003657524470000043
利用高斯消元法求解A,分别计算得到系数a0、a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8的取值。The Gaussian elimination method is used to solve A, and the values of the coefficients a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5 , a 6 , a 7 , and a 8 are calculated respectively.
3.如权利要求1所述的电池温度检测方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述计算内部温度和所述外部温度,计算得到所述电池的整体温度的步骤包括:3. The battery temperature detection method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the overall temperature of the battery according to the calculated internal temperature and the external temperature comprises: 根据公式T=mTR+(1-m)t计算得到所述电池的整体温度;Calculate the overall temperature of the battery according to the formula T=mTR+(1-m)t; 其中,T为电池整体温度,TR为电池外部温度,t为电池内部温度,m为电池外部温度权值,1-m为电池内部温度权值,0≤m≤1。Among them, T is the overall temperature of the battery, TR is the external temperature of the battery, t is the internal temperature of the battery, m is the weight of the external temperature of the battery, 1-m is the weight of the internal temperature of the battery, 0≤m≤1. 4.如权利要求1所述的电池温度检测方法,其特征在于,通过公式计算得到所述电池的计算内部温度的步骤之后,所述方法还包括根据以下公式对计算内部温度的公式进行评价,以衡量计算值与真实值之间的偏差:4. The battery temperature detection method according to claim 1, wherein after the step of obtaining the calculated internal temperature of the battery by formula calculation, the method further comprises evaluating the formula for calculating the internal temperature according to the following formula, To measure the deviation between the calculated value and the true value:
Figure FDA0003657524470000044
Figure FDA0003657524470000044
其中,RESE为均方根误差,TI为真实的电池内部温度,n为采样个数,i为采样点,i=1,2,…,n。Among them, RESE is the root mean square error, TI is the actual internal temperature of the battery, n is the number of samples, i is the sampling point, i=1,2,...,n.
5.如权利要求1所述的电池温度检测方法,其特征在于,所述超声波检测装置包括超声波发射端、第一超声波接收端和第二超声波接收端,所述第一超声波接收端设置在电池外壳与超声波发射端相同的一侧,所述第二超声波接收端设置在电池外壳与超声波发射端相对的一侧,所述通过设置在电池外壳上的超声波检测装置,采集所述电池的超声波检测数据的步骤还包括:5. The battery temperature detection method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic detection device comprises an ultrasonic transmitting end, a first ultrasonic receiving end and a second ultrasonic receiving end, and the first ultrasonic receiving end is arranged on the battery. The outer casing is on the same side as the ultrasonic transmitting end, the second ultrasonic receiving end is arranged on the opposite side of the battery casing and the ultrasonic transmitting end, and the ultrasonic detection device of the battery casing is used to collect the ultrasonic detection of the battery. The data steps also include: 通过设置在电池外壳上超声波检测装置采集电池第一超声波接收端的第一超声波数据和第二超声波接收端的第二超声波数据;Collect the first ultrasonic data of the first ultrasonic receiving end of the battery and the second ultrasonic data of the second ultrasonic receiving end of the battery through the ultrasonic detection device arranged on the battery casing; 对所述第一超声波数据和第二超声波数据进行特征提取,提取第一超声波飞行时间和第二超声波飞行时间。Feature extraction is performed on the first ultrasonic data and the second ultrasonic data, and the first ultrasonic time-of-flight and the second ultrasonic time-of-flight are extracted. 6.一种电池整体温度检测装置,其特征在于,所述电池整体温度检测装置包括:存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的电池整体温度检测程序,所述电池整体温度检测程序被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至5中任一项所述电池整体温度检测方法的步骤。6. A battery overall temperature detection device, characterized in that, the battery overall temperature detection device comprises: a memory, a processor, and a battery overall temperature detection program stored on the memory and running on the processor, When the overall temperature detection program of the battery is executed by the processor, the steps of the method for detecting the overall temperature of the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented. 7.一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有电池整体温度检测程序,其特征在于,所述电池整体温度检测程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至5中任一项所述电池整体温度检测方法的步骤。7. A computer-readable storage medium on which a battery overall temperature detection program is stored, characterized in that, when the battery overall temperature detection program is executed by a processor, the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented. Steps of the overall temperature detection method.
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