CN113406713B - Method for evaluating residual gas development potential of microgravity monitoring gas reservoir developed well - Google Patents
Method for evaluating residual gas development potential of microgravity monitoring gas reservoir developed well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of evaluation methods, and in particular relates to an evaluation method for residual gas development potential of a microgravity monitoring gas reservoir developed well, which is characterized in that measured microgravity data are subjected to various corrections, residual gravity anomalies of a microgravity monitoring target layer are extracted by a multi-scale curved surface method, residual gas near a well position and among wells is circled according to the characteristics of a gas-containing stratum on a microgravity monitoring residual gravity anomaly section, so as to obtain distribution results of the residual gas near the well position and among wells, then the whole monitoring area is divided into a positive anomaly area, a negative anomaly area and an anomaly transition zone according to the residual gravity anomaly characteristics near the well position, residual gravity anomaly extremum and abnormal values at the well position in the residual gas distribution range circled near the well position in each anomaly area are counted, evaluation factors are calculated according to an established mathematical evaluation model, and finally the drilled development well is evaluated for residual gas development potential according to the evaluation factors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of natural gas exploitation, in particular to a method for evaluating residual gas exploitation potential of a gas reservoir drilled exploitation well.
Background
According to statistics, the number of unconventional gas fields which are developed at home and abroad at present is increased year by year, and the natural gas yield is more and more large in global natural gas cumulative yield. The number of unconventional natural gas fields accounts for 75% of the largest total number of natural gas fields in the united states, wherein the six main unconventional gas fields, including the san fran gas field, have been increased in production to about 20% of the total production of natural gas in the united states since nineties; at home, the total ascertained geological reserves of the unconventional gas fields account for about 80% of the total geological reserves of the gas fields. With the continuous deep development, the initial progressive rate of new wells put into production in different years is continuously increased, low-yield and low-efficiency gas wells in a block are increased year by year, the water production situation of the gas wells is gradually complicated, and part of gas wells cannot reach the scheme index. Is influenced by factors such as thin single-layer thickness, rapid transverse phase change, poor overall physical property, strong heterogeneity and the like of a main reservoir, and has narrow single-production well control range and low control dynamic reserve. Therefore, the key to ensuring the long-term high-yield stable production and stable gas supply of the gas field is to keep the high-efficiency development of the gas field. To improve the recovery ratio of residual gas of low-yield and low-efficiency wells and to dig residual gas among well patterns, the distribution rules of the residual gas in the vicinity of production well sites and among production well patterns are researched, and the development well sites and the residual gas development potential are evaluated. The new technical means are sought to directly describe the global residual gas distribution situation, and the residual gas distribution is effectively defined by combining the current description means, so that the residual gas distribution becomes an important support for the next well diving reconstruction and block encryption well deployment.
At present, the most direct method for researching and evaluating the development potential of the well residual gas distribution law aiming at unconventional gas reservoir development at home and abroad is to encrypt a developed well pattern and then research and evaluate the development potential of the residual gas distribution law by a single well dynamic analysis method, a block geostatistical method and the like. In the aspect of indoor research, students at home and abroad research quantitative and qualitative analysis methods of residual gas distribution. The quantitative description method for the residual gas distribution includes a stratum pressure variation analysis method, an unstable analysis method for effective residual gas recovery quantity, a corrected modern yield decreasing analysis method, a dynamic analysis method, numerical simulation and other methods, and can describe the residual gas reserve distribution of a single well point, so that the integral residual gas reserve distribution of the gas reservoir is predicted; the method for qualitatively describing the residual gas distribution mainly comprises a numerical simulation method and a position balance method based on a static geological model, a volumetric method and a residual gas distribution description technology based on the combination of three new technologies (a seismic fine calibration and multi-well constraint seismic stratum inversion technology, a three-dimensional seismic amplitude attribute data volume geological modeling technology and a numerical simulation technology of gas-water three-dimensional two phases), and the qualitative analysis can describe dessert areas of the residual gas distribution in the hypotonic sandstone gas reservoir.
The method is based on single well point data and residual gas description method based on geological model establishment. The description method based on single well point data has no integrity, the distribution of residual gas among well patterns cannot be accurately predicted, and the description accuracy of the description method based on the geological model is dependent on the accuracy of the geological model, and human interference factors are large. The microgravity monitoring technology is an oil-gas dynamic monitoring technology developed in recent years, the technology converts an superimposed field into a difference field to obtain relatively real change field information, the monitoring result is irrelevant to single well points, the microgravity monitoring technology is an objective description of the overall density and change of the oil-gas reservoir, the integral monitoring of the oil-gas reservoir is a condition for overcoming the interpretation multiple solutions, and the monitoring result is closer to a true reality. The technology is mainly applied to development form description and production dynamic description of a thick oil thermal recovery steam cavity at present. In the aspect of microgravity monitoring of gas reservoirs at home and abroad, the microgravity technology is mainly applied to water drive front monitoring, gas-water boundary monitoring and density dynamic change monitoring generated in the process of transporting substances in a reservoir.
From the research of the above documents, the microgravity monitoring technology at home and abroad is not applied to residual gas distribution monitoring, well site development evaluation and residual gas development potential evaluation at present.
Aiming at the problems, the method extracts the residual gravity anomaly in the depth range of the gas reservoir target layer according to the chromatographic microgravity residual gravity anomaly separation technology for the first time, and divides the gravity anomaly of the development well site area into three areas according to the residual gravity anomaly distribution characteristics: a positive anomaly region having an anomaly minimum value greater than 0, a negative anomaly region having an anomaly maximum value less than 0, an anomaly transition region having an anomaly maximum value greater than 0 and an anomaly minimum value less than 0; then establishing a mathematical model for evaluating the development potential of the residual gas by using a development well based on the microgravity monitoring result according to the subareas by using a normalization processing technology, and calculating an evaluation factor by using the microgravity monitoring gravity abnormal value; and finally, evaluating the residual gas development potential of the drilled development well by using the evaluation factors calculated by the evaluation mathematical model. The mathematical model for evaluating the residual gas development potential of the development well based on the microgravity monitoring result, which is established by the invention, can evaluate the residual gas development potential of the development well position and the area nearby the development well position at the current stage, can guide the deployment of a newly drilled development well position and comprehensively adjust the scheme of the mining measure, and effectively improves the recovery ratio of the gas reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve an object of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the method for evaluating the residual gas development potential of the developed well based on microgravity monitoring gas reservoir comprises the following steps:
step 1, correcting measured microgravity data through various items to obtain the abnormal Bragg gravity of a microgravity monitoring target area;
step 2, extracting residual gravity anomaly of a target layer by utilizing a chromatographic gravity anomaly separation principle on the basis of the obtained Bragg gravity anomaly, and obtaining residual gravity anomaly in a depth range corresponding to a depth range of a monitored gas reservoir target layer, wherein the extracted residual gravity anomaly of the target layer is superposition anomaly of gravity anomaly generated by all residual densities in the gas reservoir in a microgravity monitoring range;
step 3, dividing the obtained residual gravity abnormality of the microgravity monitoring target zone gas reservoir into positive abnormality units, negative abnormality units and positive and negative abnormality step zone units according to the characteristics of the gas-containing stratum on the residual gravity abnormality section;
step 4, reading the abnormal extreme value of each residual gravity abnormal unit according to the division of the residual gravity abnormal units;
step 5, reading residual gravity anomaly values delta g at positions of drilled development wells in each residual gravity anomaly unit Well position ；
Step 6, establishing residual gas development potential evaluation and development well position evaluation mathematical models based on microgravity monitoring results for the divided residual gravity abnormal units by utilizing a normalization processing technology according to the divided residual gravity abnormal units;
step 7, calculating the evaluation factors in each residual abnormal unit by using the read residual gravity abnormal extremum in each residual gravity abnormal unit and the residual gravity abnormal value at the well position of the drilled development well in each residual gravity abnormal unit according to the established evaluation mathematical model;
and step 8, evaluating the drilled development wells in each residual gravity anomaly unit according to the calculated evaluation factors to evaluate the residual gas development potential.
Further, each correction in step 1 includes correcting an influence related to a time factor and an influence caused by a spatial position change factor; wherein the time influencing factor correction comprises instrument grid value correction, solid tide correction and zero drift correction; spatial position variation influencing factor corrections include intermediate layer corrections, altitude corrections, terrain corrections, and latitude corrections.
Further, the principle of analytical gravity anomaly separation in step 2 can be expressed as: Δg l [(x，y)；Δs h(i+1) ]＝Δg r [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ]-Δg r [(x，y)；Δs h(i+1) ]Wherein Δg l [(x，y)；Δs h(i+1) ]Representing residual gravity anomalies extracted at the depth h (i+1), Δg r [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ]Representing the regional gravity anomaly field value extracted at the depth of h (i); Δg r [(x，y)；Δs h(i+1) ]The gravity anomaly field value of the region extracted at the depth h (i+1), which is a function of the spatial sampling interval Δd and i, can be expressed as h (i) =c×i×Δd, i=0, 1,2, …, when i=0, Δg r [(x，y)；Δs h(0) ]The specific implementation process for obtaining the Bragg gravity anomaly in the step 1 and obtaining the residual gravity anomaly of the target layer gas reservoir through chromatographic gravity anomaly separation can be expressed as follows: for a Bragg gravity anomaly field delta g to be processed r [(x，y)；Δs h(0) ]Calculating to obtain a region gravity abnormal field value delta g of h (1) depth by using a second order surface fitting method r [(x，y)；Δs h(1) ]Then using the Bragg gravity anomaly field value delta g r [(x，y)；Δs h(0) ]Subtracting the region gravity anomaly field value Δg extracted at the depth of h (1) r [(x，y)；Δs h(1) ]Obtaining the residual gravity anomaly field value delta g at the depth h (1) l [(x，y)；Δs h(1) ]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When it is necessary to obtain the residual gravity anomaly field value at depth h (2), the region gravity anomaly field value Δg extracted at depth h (1) r [(x，y)；Δs h(1) ]On the basis of (2), extracting the regional gravity anomaly field value delta g at the depth h (2) by using a second-order surface fitting method r [(x，y)；Δs h(2) ]Using the region gravity anomaly field value Δg extracted at depth h (1) r [(x，y)；Δs h(1) ]Subtracting the extract at depth h (2)Taking the regional gravity anomaly field value delta g r [(x，y)；Δs h(2 )]Obtaining the residual gravity anomaly value delta g at the depth h (2) l [(x，y)；Δs h(2) ]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the To obtain the residual gravity anomaly field value at depth h (i), the residual gravity anomaly field value Δg at depth h (i) can be obtained by analogy l [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ]。
Further, in the step 3, the residual gravity abnormal unit is divided, and the positive abnormal unit residual gravity abnormal unit is characterized in that: maximum value Δg of residual gravity anomaly l_positive [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max And a minimum value delta g l_positive [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min Are all located in areas with outliers greater than 0; the residual gravity anomaly characteristic of the negative anomaly unit is as follows: maximum value Δg of residual gravity anomaly l_negative [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max And a minimum value delta g l_negative [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min Are all located in areas with outliers less than 0; the residual gravity anomaly characteristic of the positive and negative anomaly step zone unit is as follows: maximum value Δg of residual gravity anomaly l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max In the region where the anomaly value is greater than 0, the minimum value Δg of the remaining anomalies l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min Is located in the region where the anomaly is less than 0.
Further, in step 4, the abnormal extreme value of each residual gravity abnormal unit is read, and in the residual gravity abnormal normal abnormal unit, the abnormal extreme value region represents a region with relatively high residual gas abundance, so that the abnormal extreme value Δg is read l_positive [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the residual gravity abnormal negative abnormal unit, the abnormal maximum value region represents a region with relatively high residual gas abundance, and thus the abnormal maximum value Δg is read l_negative [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the step zone unit of the positive and negative abnormal residual gravity abnormality, the abnormal minimum value zone represents the zone with relatively high gas abundance, but because the residual gravity abnormality is partially distributed in the positive abnormal zone and partially distributed in the negative abnormal zone, the abnormal maximum value deltag needs to be read respectively l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i )] max And a minimum value delta g l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min 。
Further, in the mathematical model for evaluating the development potential of the drilled development well on the residual gas, which is established based on the residual gravity abnormal units divided by the microgravity monitoring result in the step 6, the evaluation mathematical model is different in each residual gravity abnormal unit, wherein the positive abnormal unit can be expressed as gamma=Δg l_positive [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min /Δg Well position The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Negative anomaly, an evaluation mathematical model can be expressed as γ=Δg Well position /Δg l_negative [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Step zone unit, the evaluation mathematical model can be expressed as:
γ＝(Δg l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max -Δg Well position )/(Δg l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max -Δg l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min )。
Further, in the step 8, the method for evaluating the development potential of the drilled development well on the residual gas according to the calculated evaluation factor gamma is as follows: the value range of the evaluation factor gamma is gamma epsilon [0,1], and in each divided residual gravity anomaly unit, the peak area of the residual gravity anomaly is an area with relatively higher residual gas abundance, so that when the evaluation factor gamma tends to be 1, the residual gravity anomaly value at the drilled well position is closer to the abnormal peak value of the residual gravity anomaly unit at the drilled well position, and the greater the potential of the drilled development well for the residual gas is indicated; conversely, when the evaluation factor gamma tends to 0, the further the residual gravity anomaly value at the drilled well position is away from the abnormal peak value of the residual gravity anomaly unit at the drilled well position, which indicates that the development potential of the drilled development well on residual gas is smaller.
The invention utilizes the advantages of microgravity monitoring technology in oil and gas reservoir monitoring (namely, the microgravity monitoring technology converts an superimposed field into a differential field to obtain relatively real information of a change field, the result is irrelevant to a single well point, objective description of the overall density and fluid change of the oil and gas reservoir is realized, the overall monitoring of the oil and gas reservoir is realized, the condition is created for overcoming the explained multi-solution property, the monitoring result is more similar to the true reality, firstly, a mathematical model for evaluating the development potential of the residual gas by a drilled development well based on the microgravity monitoring result is established, evaluation factors are calculated according to actually measured microgravity data, then the development potential of the developed well position and the developed well position area are evaluated according to the evaluation factors, finally, comprehensive adjustment and mining measures are carried out on the residual gas development potential of the developed well position according to the evaluation result, the residual gas development potential evaluation result of the area near the developed well position is analogized to the drilling area containing the residual gas, and the new well deployment of the residual gas non-drilling area is guided, thereby the recovery rate of the residual gas reservoir is improved, and the key of ensuring the long-term high-yield stable production and stable gas supply is keeping the high efficiency of the gas field.
The invention is innovative in that the microgravity monitoring technology is applied to gas reservoir residual gas monitoring and development potential evaluation, and a development well position and residual gas development potential mathematical evaluation model in the region near the development well position based on the microgravity monitoring result is established for the first time, and the model can guide the comprehensive adjustment of the mining measures for the development of the drilled development well and the residual gas in the region near the drilling development well position, can guide the deployment of a new development well in a residual gas-containing region of an undrilled development well, and improves the gas reservoir recovery ratio.
The method of the invention is based on the following steps:
1) The gravity monitoring technology has the advantages of being suitable for complex surface topography conditions, fast and convenient to construct, low in cost, lossless, free of influence on production and the like, and the monitoring result is that an superimposed field is converted into a difference field to obtain relatively real change field information, the result is irrelevant to single well points, objective description of the overall density and fluid change of the gas reservoir is achieved, the integral monitoring of the gas reservoir is achieved, conditions are created for overcoming the explained multiple solutions, and the monitoring result is closer to a true reality.
2) The accuracy of CG6 type gravity meter is improved from milligamma level to micro gamma level, the change of 0.1 micro gamma can be monitored by gravity meter, and the gas reservoir development is the water inlet and air outlet process, and the density of gas-bearing rock stratum in the gas reservoir is greatly different from that of water-bearing rock stratum, and the effective density difference of gas-bearing rock stratum is-0.1 g/cm 3 To-0.25 g/cm 3 The generated gravity anomaly can reach tens of micro-gamma and can be monitored by a gravity meter.
3) Aiming at lithology trap tight sandstone gas reservoirs, the high part of the trap is the main place for natural gas accumulation according to the oil gas accumulation rule. In the non-balloon-containing closed position, gravity is shown in a "positive" direction, i.e., high gravity is often a reflection of high trap density locations. However, in the closed position of the gas-containing ring, gravity is in a negative direction or in a mirror image, namely, a local gravity low abnormality occurs on the gravity high background abnormality, a low value part with the local gravity low corresponds to the distribution range of residual gas, an extreme value part with the local gravity low is a position with high gas abundance, and a turning part with the gravity abnormality from high to low or from low to high is the gas-water boundary of the gas field.
4) According to the established mathematical model for evaluating the development potential of the residual gas of the gas reservoir drilled development well site based on the microgravity monitoring technology, comprehensive adjustment of the mining measures for the development of the drilled development well and the residual gas in the area nearby the drilled development well site can be guided, the deployment of a new development well of the non-drilled development well containing the residual gas zone can be guided, and the development rate and the recovery ratio of the gas reservoir are improved.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) The obtained Bragg gravity anomaly is a superposition result of gravity anomalies generated by all the residual density bodies in the underground, the residual gravity anomalies generated by the residual density bodies outside the depth range of the monitoring target are removed by a chromatographic gravity anomaly separation technology, and a residual gravity anomaly result generated by the residual density in the depth range of the monitoring target is obtained, so that conditions are created for overcoming the multiple solutions;
2) The microgravity monitoring result is quantified through the established mathematical model for evaluating the development potential of the residual gas by the developed well position, so that quantitative analysis of a static result of the microgravity monitoring is realized, and in the same residual gravity anomaly unit, the influence factors which change linearly or approximately linearly can be eliminated by calculating the evaluation factors through the mathematical model, thereby improving the reliability of the developed well for evaluating the development potential of the residual gas;
3) The established mathematical model for evaluating the development potential of the residual gas in the gas reservoir drilled development well site based on the microgravity monitoring technology can guide the comprehensive adjustment of the development of the residual gas in the drilled development well and the region near the drilled development well site, and improves the development rate of the gas reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an evaluation method implementation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the characteristics of a gas bearing formation over a residual gravity anomaly profile;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a residual gravity anomaly positive anomaly unit evaluation model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a residual gravity anomaly negative anomaly unit evaluation model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a residual gravity anomaly positive and negative anomaly step zone evaluation model;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the distribution of the abnormal gravity of a certain gas reservoir S-block microgravity monitoring area;
FIG. 7 is a graph of residual gravity anomalies and anomaly partitions for a target layer of a gas reservoir S;
FIG. 8 is a bar graph comparing the positive anomaly microgravity assessment results with the production dynamics results corresponding to Table 1;
FIG. 9 is a bar graph comparing the negative anomaly microgravity assessment results with the production dynamics results corresponding to Table 2;
fig. 10 is a bar graph comparing the step band microgravity evaluation results with the production dynamics results corresponding to table 3.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention relates to a gas reservoir development well location and residual gas development potential evaluation method based on microgravity monitoring technology, which is characterized in that measured microgravity data are subjected to various corrections, residual gravity anomalies of a microgravity monitoring target layer are extracted by a multi-scale curved surface method, residual gas near the well location and among wells is circled according to the characteristics of a gas-containing stratum on a microgravity monitoring residual gravity anomaly section, residual gas distribution results near the well location and among wells are obtained, the whole monitoring area is divided into a positive anomaly area, a negative anomaly area and an anomaly transition zone according to the residual gravity anomaly characteristics near the well location, residual gravity anomaly extremum and abnormal values at the well location in the residual gas distribution range circled near the well location in each anomaly area are counted, evaluation factors are calculated according to an established mathematical evaluation model, and finally the drilled development well is evaluated according to the evaluation factors.
The method of the invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1) Correcting the actually measured microgravity data through various items to obtain the abnormal Bragg gravity of the microgravity monitoring target area;
2) Extracting residual gravity anomaly of a target layer by utilizing a chromatographic gravity anomaly separation principle on the basis of the obtained Bragg gravity anomaly, and obtaining residual gravity anomaly in a depth range corresponding to a depth range of a monitored gas reservoir target layer, wherein the extracted residual gravity anomaly of the target layer is superposition anomaly of gravity anomaly generated by all residual densities in the gas reservoir in a microgravity monitoring range;
3) Dividing the obtained residual gravity abnormality of the microgravity monitoring target zone gas reservoir into positive abnormality units, negative abnormality units and positive and negative abnormality step zone units according to the characteristics of the gas-containing stratum on the residual gravity abnormality section;
4) Reading the abnormal extreme value of each residual gravity abnormal unit according to the division of the residual gravity abnormal units;
5) Reading residual gravity anomaly values delta g at positions of drilled development wells in each residual gravity anomaly unit Well position ；
6) Establishing a mathematical model for evaluating residual gas development potential of a development well based on microgravity monitoring results for the divided residual gravity abnormal units by utilizing a normalization processing technology according to the divided residual gravity abnormal units;
7) Calculating an evaluation factor in each residual abnormal unit by using the read residual gravity abnormal extremum in each residual gravity abnormal unit and the residual gravity abnormal value at the well position of the drilled development well in each residual gravity abnormal unit according to the established evaluation mathematical model;
8) And evaluating the residual gas development potential of the drilled development wells in each residual gravity anomaly unit according to the calculated evaluation factors.
By describing the implementation of the method part of the invention through figures 1-6, figure 1 is a flow chart for realizing the evaluation method, the lower part of figure 2 is a gas reservoir with a anticline structure, the upper part of the gas reservoir is provided with residual gravity anomaly response, and as can be seen from the figure, the upper part of the gas reservoir is provided with obvious low gravity, the abnormal contour line of the 'concave-convex' or slope part is shown to regularly twist upwards to contain gas gravity anomaly characteristics, and in the section along the actual microgravity monitoring line, one (or two) 'two high-clamping-low' anomalies are respectively generated at the abnormal part with low value; gravity anomalies have typical "concave-convex" features;
the abscissa of the graph of fig. 3 shows the relative distance of the abnormal extreme value in the corresponding residual gravity abnormal unit, and the ordinate shows the magnitude of the abnormal value in the residual gravity abnormal unit, and as can be seen from the schematic diagram of the model, all the residual gravity abnormal values in the residual gravity abnormal unit are greater than or equal to 0; FIG. 4 shows that the significance of the horizontal and vertical coordinates is identical to that of the horizontal and vertical coordinates in FIG. 3, and as can be seen from the schematic diagram of the model, all the residual gravity anomaly values in the residual gravity anomaly units are less than or equal to 0; the abscissa and the ordinate of fig. 5 are consistent with the abscissa of fig. 3, and as can be seen from the schematic diagram of the model in the figure, the residual gravity anomaly unit has an anomaly value greater than 0 and a portion smaller than 0, and in the actual gravity data, the residual gravity anomaly value at the well position can be greater than 0 and possibly smaller than 0;
in order to evaluate the residual gas development potential of the drilled development well, the mathematical evaluation model of the invention is adopted to calculate the evaluation factors of the divided residual gravity anomaly units, and the parameters of the mathematical model are as follows: residual gravity anomaly value delta g at well position in each residual gravity anomaly unit Well position Residual gravity anomaly minimum value Δg in residual gravity anomaly positive anomaly unit l_positive [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min Residual gravity anomaly maximum value Δg in residual gravity anomaly negative anomaly unit l_negative [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max Maximum value deltag of residual gravity abnormality in residual gravity abnormality positive and negative abnormality step zone unit l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max And a minimum value delta g l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min . Calculating the evaluation factors in each residual gravity anomaly unit through the established mathematical evaluation model, and knowing the evaluation factors gamma epsilon [0,1 from the established mathematical evaluation model]When the evaluation factor gamma tends to be 1, the residual gravity anomaly value at the drilled well position is close to the abnormal peak value of the residual gravity anomaly unit at the drilled well position, so that the development potential of the drilled development well on the residual gas is larger; conversely, when the evaluation factor gamma tends to 0, the further the residual gravity anomaly value at the drilled well position is away from the abnormal peak value of the residual gravity anomaly unit at the drilled well position, which indicates that the development potential of the drilled development well on residual gas is smaller.
The method of the present invention is described below with reference to a sample of monitoring the microgravity of a gas reservoir S block, as shown in fig. 6-7, the distribution of the bragg gravity anomalies of the monitoring region of the microgravity of a gas reservoir S block of fig. 6, and the residual gravity anomalies and the anomaly partition map of the target layer of a gas reservoir S block of fig. 7; FIG. 7 is a graph showing the abnormal distribution of the Bragg gravity of the microgravity monitoring target area obtained by correcting the measured microgravity data in the step 1; fig. 7 shows that, based on the obtained bragg gravity anomaly, the method of the present invention uses the principle of chromatographic gravity anomaly separation to extract the residual gravity anomaly of the target layer, so as to obtain the residual gravity anomaly in the depth range corresponding to the depth range of the target layer of the monitoring gas reservoir. The partitioning of the exception units described in step 3 may be performed according to the results of fig. 7: in fig. 7, the warm color system is a positive anomaly unit, the cold color system is a positive anomaly unit, and the warm color system and cold color system transition regions are step zone units.
As shown in tables 1,2 and 3 below, other method steps of the present invention are described based on the abnormal cell condition divided in step 3,
TABLE 1 statistics of wells in positive anomaly unit area of S-block microgravity monitoring area of certain gas reservoir
TABLE 2 statistics of various development wells in negative anomaly unit area of S-block microgravity monitoring area of certain gas reservoir
Table 3 statistics of various wells in step zone cell zone of certain gas reservoir S block microgravity monitoring zone
The Δg values in tables 1 to 3 above correspond to the abnormal value and the abnormal extremum at the development well site read in step 4 and step 5, respectively, and γ in tables 1,2 and 3 correspond to the evaluation factor described in step 7, and the evaluation factor described in step 7 is calculated using the mathematical evaluation model established in step 6 and the gravity anomaly values read in step 4 and step 5 (wherein the positive anomaly cell region evaluation factor calculation model is expressed as: γ=Δg l_positive [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min /Δg Well position The negative abnormal cell region evaluation factor calculation model is expressed as: gamma=Δg Well position /Δg l_negative [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max The transition zone unit region evaluation factor calculation model is expressed as: gamma= (Δg) l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max -Δg Well position )/(Δg l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] max -Δg l_step band [(x，y)；Δs h(i) ] min ). ) Then according to the procedure described in step 8: and evaluating the drilled development wells in each residual gravity anomaly unit according to the calculated evaluation factors to evaluate the residual gas development potential, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the evaluation factor gamma tends to be 1, the residual gravity anomaly value at the drilled well position is close to the abnormal peak value of the residual gravity anomaly unit at the drilled well position, so that the development potential of the drilled development well on residual gas is larger; conversely, when the evaluation factor gamma tends to be moreAnd 0, the further the residual gravity anomaly value at the drilled well position is away from the abnormal peak value of the residual gravity anomaly unit at the drilled well position, the smaller the development potential of the drilled development well on residual gas is. Then, according to the evaluation factors calculated in the table, the development potential of the development well for the residual gas is as follows from large to small in sequence: s5 > S4 > S3 > S1; the development potential of the negative abnormal unit area development well for residual gas is as follows from big to small in sequence: s10 > S13 > S7 > S6 > S9; the development potential of the transition zone unit area development well for residual gas is as follows from big to small in sequence: s8 > S12 > S2 > S16 > S14 > S11 > S15 > S17. The development well has better production effect and relatively higher corresponding exploitation degree (namely, the development well with larger development potential corresponds to the exploitation degree) in the earlier production period of the well with larger development potential of the residual gas. From the mining degree results in the table, the mining degree of the positive abnormal unit area is as follows from small to small in sequence: s5 is more than S4 is more than S3 is more than S1, microgravity monitoring and evaluating results are compared, and all wells are matched; the mining degree of the negative abnormal unit area is as follows from small to small in sequence: s13 is more than S10, S7 is more than S6 is more than S9, and the microgravity monitoring and evaluating result is compared, wherein only the S10 well is inconsistent; the exploitation degree of the step zone unit area is sequentially from small to small; s8 > S12 > S16 > S14 > S11 > S15 > S17 > S2, with only S2 wells being inconsistent. From the statistical results, the matching rate of the evaluation result of the developed well of the gas reservoir based on microgravity monitoring to the residual gas development potential and the actual production dynamic result reaches 88.23%, which shows that the evaluation of the developed well of the gas reservoir based on microgravity monitoring to the residual gas development potential accords with objective reality, thereby verifying the accuracy of the evaluation of the developed well of the gas reservoir based on microgravity monitoring to the residual gas development potential.
Claims (7)
1. The method for evaluating the residual gas development potential of the microgravity monitoring gas reservoir developed well is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, correcting measured microgravity data through various items to obtain the abnormal Bragg gravity of a microgravity monitoring target area;
step 2, extracting residual gravity anomaly of a target layer by utilizing a chromatographic gravity anomaly separation principle on the basis of the obtained Bragg gravity anomaly, and obtaining residual gravity anomaly in a depth range corresponding to a depth range of a monitored gas reservoir target layer, wherein the extracted residual gravity anomaly of the target layer is superposition anomaly of gravity anomaly generated by all residual densities in the gas reservoir in a microgravity monitoring range;
step 3, dividing the obtained residual gravity abnormality of the microgravity monitoring target zone gas reservoir into positive abnormality units, negative abnormality units and positive and negative abnormality step zone units according to the characteristics of the gas-containing stratum on the residual gravity abnormality section;
step 4, reading the abnormal extreme value of each residual gravity abnormal unit according to the division of the residual gravity abnormal units;
step 5, reading residual gravity anomaly values delta g at positions of drilled development wells in each residual gravity anomaly unit Well position ；
Step 6, establishing residual gas development potential evaluation and development well position evaluation mathematical models based on microgravity monitoring results for the divided residual gravity abnormal units by utilizing a normalization processing technology according to the divided residual gravity abnormal units;
step 7, calculating the evaluation factors in each residual abnormal unit by using the read residual gravity abnormal extremum in each residual gravity abnormal unit and the residual gravity abnormal value at the well position of the drilled development well in each residual gravity abnormal unit according to the established evaluation mathematical model;
and step 8, evaluating the drilled development wells in each residual gravity anomaly unit according to the calculated evaluation factors to evaluate the residual gas development potential.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the corrections in step 1 include correcting the effects related to time factors and the effects caused by spatial position change factors; wherein the time influencing factor correction comprises instrument grid value correction, solid tide correction and zero drift correction; spatial position variation influencing factor corrections include intermediate layer corrections, altitude corrections, terrain corrections, and latitude corrections.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: step (a)The principle of analytical gravity anomaly separation can be expressed as: Δg l [(x,y)；Δs h(i+1) ]＝Δg r [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ]-Δg r [(x,y)；Δs h(i+1) ]Wherein Δg l [(x,y)；Δs h(i+1) ]Representing residual gravity anomalies extracted at the depth h (i+1), Δg r [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ]Representing the regional gravity anomaly field value extracted at the depth of h (i); Δg r [(x,y)；Δs h(i+1) ]The gravity anomaly field value of the region extracted at the depth h (i+1), which is a function of the spatial sampling interval Δd and i, can be expressed as h (i) =c×i×Δd, i=0, 1,2, …, when i=0, Δg r [(x,y)；Δs h(0) ]The specific implementation process for obtaining the Bragg gravity anomaly in the step 1 and obtaining the residual gravity anomaly of the target layer gas reservoir through chromatographic gravity anomaly separation can be expressed as follows: for a Bragg gravity anomaly field delta g to be processed r [(x,y)；Δs h(0) ]Calculating to obtain a region gravity abnormal field value delta g of h (1) depth by using a second order surface fitting method r [(x,y)；Δs h(1) ]Then using the Bragg gravity anomaly field value delta g r [(x,y)；Δs h(0) ]Subtracting the region gravity anomaly field value Δg extracted at the depth of h (1) r [(x,y)；Δs h(1) ]Obtaining the residual gravity anomaly field value delta g at the depth h (1) l [(x,y)；Δs h(1) ]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When it is necessary to obtain the residual gravity anomaly field value at depth h (2), the region gravity anomaly field value Δg extracted at depth h (1) r [(x,y)；Δs h(1) ]On the basis of (2), extracting the regional gravity anomaly field value delta g at the depth h (2) by using a second-order surface fitting method r [(x,y)；Δs h(2) ]Using the region gravity anomaly field value Δg extracted at depth h (1) r [(x,y)；Δs h(1) ]Subtracting the regional gravity anomaly field value Δg extracted at depth h (2) r [(x,y)；Δs h(2) ]Obtaining the residual gravity anomaly value delta g at the depth h (2) l [(x,y)；Δs h(2) ]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the To obtain the residual gravity anomaly field value at depth h (i), the residual gravity anomaly field value Δg at depth h (i) can be obtained by analogy l [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ]。
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the residual gravity abnormal unit in the step 3 is divided, and the positive abnormal unit residual gravity abnormal characteristics are as follows: maximum value Δg of residual gravity anomaly l_positive [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] max And a minimum value delta g l_positive [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] min Are all located in areas with outliers greater than 0; the residual gravity anomaly characteristic of the negative anomaly unit is as follows: maximum value Δg of residual gravity anomaly l_negative [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] max And a minimum value delta g l_negative [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] min Are all located in areas with outliers less than 0; the residual gravity anomaly characteristic of the positive and negative anomaly step zone unit is as follows: maximum value Δg of residual gravity anomaly l_step band [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] max In the region where the anomaly value is greater than 0, the minimum value Δg of the remaining anomalies l_step band [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] min Is located in the region where the anomaly is less than 0.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 4, the abnormal extreme value of each residual gravity abnormal unit is read, and the abnormal minimum value region represents a region with relatively high residual gas abundance in the residual gravity abnormal normal abnormal unit, so that the abnormal minimum value deltag is read l_positive [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the residual gravity abnormal negative abnormal unit, the abnormal maximum value region represents a region with relatively high residual gas abundance, and thus the abnormal maximum value Δg is read l_negative [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the step zone unit of the positive and negative abnormal residual gravity abnormality, the abnormal minimum value zone represents the zone with relatively high gas abundance, but because the residual gravity abnormality is partially distributed in the positive abnormal zone and partially distributed in the negative abnormal zone, the abnormal maximum value deltag needs to be read respectively l_step band [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] max And a minimum value delta g l_step band [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] min 。
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: mathematical models for evaluating residual gas development potential of drilled development wells established based on residual gravity anomaly units divided by microgravity monitoring results in step 6, wherein the evaluation mathematical models are different for each residual gravity anomaly unit, and the positive anomaly unit can be expressed as gamma=deltag l_positive [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] min /Δg Well position The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Negative anomaly, an evaluation mathematical model can be expressed as γ=Δg Well position /Δg l_negative [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Step zone unit, the evaluation mathematical model can be expressed as:
γ＝(Δg l_step band [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] max -Δg Well position )/(Δg l_step band [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] max -Δg l_step band [(x,y)；Δs h(i) ] min )。
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 8, the method for evaluating the development potential of the drilled development well on the residual gas according to the calculated evaluation factor gamma comprises the following steps: the value range of the evaluation factor gamma is gamma epsilon [0,1], and in each divided residual gravity anomaly unit, the peak area of the residual gravity anomaly is an area with relatively higher residual gas abundance, so that when the evaluation factor gamma tends to be 1, the residual gravity anomaly value at the drilled well position is closer to the abnormal peak value of the residual gravity anomaly unit at the drilled well position, and the greater the potential of the drilled development well for the residual gas is indicated; conversely, when the evaluation factor gamma tends to 0, the further the residual gravity anomaly value at the drilled well position is away from the abnormal peak value of the residual gravity anomaly unit at the drilled well position, which indicates that the development potential of the drilled development well on residual gas is smaller.
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