CN113404433A - Impact hammer drill bit for resisting inclined hard rock stratum - Google Patents
Impact hammer drill bit for resisting inclined hard rock stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN113404433A CN113404433A CN202110736425.9A CN202110736425A CN113404433A CN 113404433 A CN113404433 A CN 113404433A CN 202110736425 A CN202110736425 A CN 202110736425A CN 113404433 A CN113404433 A CN 113404433A
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- alloy
- hammer
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- alloy block
- hard rock
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001264 Th alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of punching cast-in-place piles, discloses a punching hammer drill bit for resisting an inclined hard rock stratum, and aims to solve the problems that the construction period is long and the construction cost is high because the conventional punching hammer drill bit needs to backfill rubbles for many times and repeatedly impact drilling when impacting the inclined hard rock stratum. The punching hammer comprises a punching hammer body, wherein the punching hammer body is provided with a punching hammer bottom surface with a cross-shaped edge, and the punching hammer is characterized in that at least one alloy block layer is arranged on the punching hammer bottom surface, each alloy block layer comprises 4 alloy blocks, the 4 alloy blocks are arranged along the cross-shaped edge, an included angle formed by a corner of the lower end surface of the alloy block on each alloy block layer, facing the outer edge side of the punching hammer bottom surface, and the outer edge of the punching hammer bottom surface is the same as the inclination angle of an inclined hard rock layer in a stratum, and the length of each alloy block in each laminated alloy block is smaller than the radius of the punching hammer bottom surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of punching cast-in-place piles, and particularly relates to a punching hammer drill bit for resisting an inclined hard rock stratum.
Background
Although the punching and pouring pile has wide applicability in various stratums, when a heavy drill bit (the heavy drill bit is provided with a drill edge and is also called a punching hammer) of a punching and drilling machine for forming holes encounters a hard inclined rock stratum, the drill bit is easy to punch along an inclined plane, the pile position at the bottom of the hole shifts, the quality of a pile body is unqualified, and the bearing capacity of a pile foundation is also influenced.
Although the common treatment measures are: the backfilling of the rubble is carried out again, but the effect is very little, the rubble is still easy to shift when the rubble is flushed to the inclined hard rock layer again, the backfilling and rubble backwashing measures are required to be repeated frequently, and the material and the construction period are greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hammer drill bit for resisting an inclined hard rock stratum, aiming at solving the problems that the construction period is long and the construction cost is high because the conventional hammer drill bit needs to backfill rubbles for many times and repeatedly impact drilling when impacting the inclined hard rock stratum.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the impact hammer drill bit for resisting the inclined hard rock stratum comprises an impact hammer body, wherein the impact hammer body is provided with an impact hammer bottom surface with a cross-shaped edge, and the impact hammer drill bit is characterized in that at least one alloy block layer is arranged on the impact hammer bottom surface, each alloy block layer comprises 4 alloy blocks, the 4 alloy blocks are distributed along the cross-shaped edge, an included angle formed by a corner of the lower end surface of each alloy block on each alloy block layer, facing the outer edge side of the impact hammer bottom surface, and the outer edge of the impact hammer bottom surface is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock stratum in the stratum, and the length of each alloy block in each laminated alloy block is smaller than the radius of the impact hammer bottom surface.
In some embodiments, the width of the alloy block in the alloy block layer is less than or equal to the width of the narrowest part of the cross-shaped blade.
In some embodiments, when at least two alloy block layers are arranged on the bottom surface of the hammer, the alloy block layers are arranged along the bottom surface of the hammer from top to bottom in sequence; and the length of each alloy block in the upper alloy block layer is greater than the length of each alloy block in the lower alloy block layer.
In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the hammer is provided with a layer of bulk alloy when the inclined hard rock formation in the formation has an inclination angle α <10 ° and the radius r of the bottom surface of the hammer is >270 mm.
In some embodiments, when the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock formation in the formation is 10 ° < α <20 °, and the radius r of the bottom surface of the hammer is >270mm, the bottom surface of the hammer is provided with two alloy block layers from top to bottom.
In some embodiments, when the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock formation in the formation is 20 ° < α <30 °, and the radius r of the bottom surface of the hammer is >260mm, the bottom surface of the hammer is provided with three alloy block layers from top to bottom.
In some embodiments, when the bottom surface of the hammer is provided with three alloy block layers from top to bottom, the width of each alloy block in the uppermost alloy block layer is greater than that of each alloy block in the intermediate alloy block layer, and the width of each alloy block in the intermediate alloy block layer is greater than or equal to that of each alloy block in the lowermost alloy block layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the impact hammer drill bit for resisting the inclined hard rock stratum can increase the rock entering capability of the cross edge, the alloy block enables the drill bit to be more sharp, the impact strength is high under the same impact kinetic energy, and rock stratum can be broken and opened in advance; when an inclined lithologic interface is encountered, the concentrated stress part can be enlarged, so that the concentrated stress point is close to the axis center of the drill bit, and the deflection of the drill bit and the reduction of energy efficiency caused by uneven stress are reduced; when the alloy block rushes into rock, the alloy block is wear-resistant, bears most of the collision effect, and can effectively protect the cross blade. Therefore, the method can solve the problem that inclined hard rock layers are easy to have deviated holes, and has the capability of quickly, efficiently and economically breaking rock.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, in which an alloy layer is disposed on a bottom surface of a punch, where fig. 1 includes fig. 1A and fig. 1B, fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom view, and fig. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-sectional view of the bottom surface of the punch; in the diagram, r represents the radius of the bottom surface of the hammer, α represents the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock layer in the formation, a represents the length of each alloy piece in the first alloy layer, d represents the thickness of each alloy layer in the alloy layers, and e represents the shortening distance of each layer (when only the first alloy layer is formed, e represents the distance from the edge of the alloy piece to the outer edge of the bottom surface of the hammer).
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, in which two gold layers are disposed on the bottom surface of the hammer, where fig. 2 includes fig. 2A and fig. 2B, fig. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom view, and fig. 2B is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-sectional view of the bottom surface of the hammer; in the schematic diagram, r represents the radius of the bottom surface of the hammer, α represents the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock layer in the formation, a represents the length of each alloy piece in the first alloy layer, b represents the length of each alloy piece in the second alloy layer, d represents the thickness of each alloy layer in the alloy layers, and e represents the shortening distance of each layer.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, in which three alloy layers are disposed on the bottom surface of the punch, where fig. 3 includes fig. 3A and fig. 3B, fig. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom view, and fig. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-sectional view of the bottom surface of the punch; in the schematic diagram, r represents the radius of the bottom surface of the hammer, α represents the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock layer in the formation, a represents the length of each alloy piece in the first alloy layer, b represents the length of each alloy piece in the second alloy layer, c represents the length of each alloy piece in the third alloy layer, d represents the thickness of each alloy layer in the alloy layers, and e represents the shortening distance of each layer.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hammer drill bit during hole punching, wherein fig. 4 includes fig. 4A and 4B, wherein fig. 4A is a schematic diagram of the hammer drill bit according to the present invention during hole punching, fig. 4B is a schematic diagram of a hammer drill bit according to the prior art during hole punching, force-receiving areas during impact are represented by rectangular broken line frames in fig. 4A and 4B, and comparing fig. 4A with fig. 4B, it can be visually seen that the force-receiving areas are larger when an alloy block is mounted; wherein the stress area is: the contact area of the hammer bit with the bottom 5 of the pile hole 4 when the hammer bit is impacting to form a hole.
The labels in the figure are: 1. the bottom surface of the impact hammer comprises 2 alloy blocks, 3 impact hammer bodies, 4 pile holes, 5 hole bottoms, 6 inclined hard rock layers and 7 stressed areas; 01. the alloy block layer comprises a first alloy block layer, a 02 th alloy block layer, a 03 th alloy block layer and a third alloy block layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are intended to illustrate only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments used by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, as they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; may be a mechanical connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
With the attached drawings, the impact hammer drill bit for resisting the inclined hard rock stratum comprises an impact hammer body 3, wherein the impact hammer body 3 is provided with an impact hammer bottom surface 1 with a cross-shaped edge, and is characterized in that at least one layer of alloy block layer is arranged on the impact hammer bottom surface 1, each layer of alloy block layer comprises 4 alloy blocks 2, the 4 alloy blocks 2 are arranged along the direction of the cross-shaped edge, an included angle formed by a corner of the lower end surface of each layer of alloy block 2 facing the outer edge side of the impact hammer bottom surface 1 and the outer edge of the impact hammer bottom surface 1 is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock stratum 6 in the stratum, and the length of each alloy block 2 in each layer of alloy blocks is smaller than the radius of the impact hammer bottom surface 1.
In some embodiments, the width of alloy mass 2 in the alloy mass layer is less than or equal to the width of the narrowest part of the cross-shaped blade.
In some embodiments, when at least two alloy block layers are mounted on the bottom surface 1 of the hammer, the alloy block layers are arranged along the bottom surface 1 of the hammer from top to bottom, and the length of each alloy block 2 in the upper alloy block layer is greater than that of each alloy block 2 in the lower alloy block layer.
With reference to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the bottom surface of the hammer is provided with a layer of bulk alloy when the inclined hard rock formation in the formation has an inclination angle α <10 ° and the radius r of the bottom surface of the hammer is >270 mm.
In some embodiments, with reference to the figures, when the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock formation in the formation is 10 ° < α <20 °, and the radius r of the bottom surface of the hammer is >270mm, the bottom surface of the hammer is provided with two alloy block layers from top to bottom.
Referring to the attached figure 3, when the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock layer in the stratum is 20 degrees < alpha <30 degrees, and the radius r of the bottom surface of the hammer is more than 260mm, three alloy block layers are arranged on the bottom surface of the hammer from top to bottom.
In some embodiments, when the bottom surface 1 of the hammer is provided with three alloy block layers from top to bottom, the width of each alloy block 2 in the uppermost alloy block layer (i.e., the third alloy block layer 03 in fig. 3B) is greater than the width of each alloy block 2 in the intermediate alloy block layer (i.e., the second alloy block layer 02 in fig. 3B), and the width of each alloy block 2 in the intermediate alloy block layer is greater than or equal to the width of each alloy block in the lowermost alloy block layer (i.e., the first alloy block layer 01 in fig. 3B).
The impact hammer drill bit for resisting the inclined hard rock stratum can increase the rock entering capability of the cross edge, the alloy block enables the drill bit to be more sharp, the impact strength is high under the same impact kinetic energy, and rock stratum can be broken and opened in advance; when an inclined lithologic interface is encountered, a concentrated stress area can be increased (the area of the stress area 7 is larger than that of the stress area 7 in the prior art when an alloy block layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the impact hammer, compared with the area of the attached drawing 4A and the attached drawing 4B), so that a concentrated stress point is close to the axis center of the drill bit, and the deflection of the drill bit and the reduction of energy efficiency caused by uneven stress are reduced; when the alloy block rushes into rock, the alloy block is wear-resistant, bears most of the collision effect, and can effectively protect the cross blade. Therefore, the method can solve the problem that inclined hard rock layers are easy to have deviated holes, and has the capability of quickly, efficiently and economically breaking rock.
The length of each of the alloy nuggets 2 in the first layer alloy nugget layer 01 of the present invention is preferably set to 100mm, and when the inclination α of the inclined hard rock layer and the thickness d of the alloy nugget 2 are determined, the distance e = d/tan α is shortened, the length b = a + e of each of the alloy nuggets 2 in the second layer alloy nugget layer 02 is shortened, and the length c = b + e of each of the alloy nuggets 2 in the third layer alloy nugget layer 03 is shortened.
When the alloy block is welded on the bottom surface of the punch hammer in the traditional technology, the welding position of the alloy block is not calculated, the alloy block only has the capability of rapidly entering the rock and is only effective on the rock stratum with slight inclination (less than 10 degrees), and the material and the effect are not maximized. In the actual field construction process, the dip angles of the rock strata are generally 5-30 degrees and respectively exceed 30 degrees, so that multiple layers of alloy blocks are reasonably selected according to the dip angle of the inclined hard rock stratum and the stress condition of the bottom of the drill bit, and the welding positions of the alloy blocks are scientifically calculated. Thereby fully playing the role of the alloy block.
The hammer drill bit of the present invention is not suitable for use in extremely inclined (> 30 °) formations. According to the principle requirement, when the inclination angle alpha of the inclined hard rock layer is larger than 30 degrees, the requirement on the layer number or the thickness of the alloy block layer is higher, and the welding stability and the bending resistance of the whole alloy block layer are reduced along with the increase of the layer number or the thickness. Therefore, the maximum thickening layer design should be controlled within three layers, and the total thickness should not exceed 120 mm.
Claims (7)
1. The impact hammer drill bit for resisting the inclined hard rock stratum comprises an impact hammer body, wherein the impact hammer body is provided with an impact hammer bottom surface with a cross-shaped edge, and the impact hammer drill bit is characterized in that at least one alloy block layer is arranged on the impact hammer bottom surface, each alloy block layer comprises 4 alloy blocks, the 4 alloy blocks are distributed along the cross-shaped edge, an included angle formed by a corner of the lower end surface of each alloy block on each alloy block layer, facing the outer edge side of the impact hammer bottom surface, and the outer edge of the impact hammer bottom surface is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined hard rock stratum in the stratum, and the length of each alloy block in each laminated alloy block is smaller than the radius of the impact hammer bottom surface.
2. The hammer bit for resisting deviated hard rock formations of claim 1, wherein the width of the segment in the segment layer is equal to or less than the width of the narrowest point of the cross-shaped edge.
3. The hammer bit of claim 1, wherein when at least two layers of alloy blocks are mounted on the bottom surface of the hammer, the layers of alloy blocks are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the bottom surface of the hammer; and the length of each alloy block in the upper alloy block layer is greater than the length of each alloy block in the lower alloy block layer.
4. A hammer bit for working against deviated hard rock formations according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom surface of the hammer is provided with a layer of alloy blocks when the inclination angle of the deviated hard rock formation in the formation is α <10 ° and the radius r of the bottom surface of the hammer is >270 mm.
5. The hammer bit for percussive drilling against deviated hard rock formations according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein in some embodiments the bottom surface of the hammer is fitted with two layers of alloy blocks from top to bottom when the angle of inclination of the deviated hard rock formation in the formation is 10 ° < α <20 ° and the radius r of the bottom surface of the hammer is >270 mm.
6. The hammer bit for percussive drilling against hard formations according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the bottom of the hammer is fitted with three layers of alloy blocks from top to bottom when the angle of inclination of the hard formations to be beveled in the formation is 20 ° < α <30 ° and the radius r of the bottom of the hammer is >260 mm.
7. The hammer bit according to claim 1, wherein when three alloy lump layers are installed on the bottom surface of the hammer from top to bottom, the width of each alloy lump in the uppermost alloy lump layer is greater than the width of each alloy lump in the intermediate alloy lump layer, and the width of each alloy lump in the intermediate alloy lump layer is greater than or equal to the width of each alloy lump in the lowermost alloy lump layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110736425.9A CN113404433B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Impact hammer drill bit for resisting inclined hard rock stratum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110736425.9A CN113404433B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Impact hammer drill bit for resisting inclined hard rock stratum |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113404433A true CN113404433A (en) | 2021-09-17 |
| CN113404433B CN113404433B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB397144A (en) * | 1932-01-14 | 1933-08-14 | Joseph Robbins Curtis | Improvements in or relating to rock-drills |
| US20010040053A1 (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2001-11-15 | Beuershausen Christopher C. | Multi-aggressiveness cutting face on PDC cutters and method of drilling subterranean formations |
| US6904984B1 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2005-06-14 | Rock Bit L.P. | Stepped polycrystalline diamond compact insert |
| CN103437341A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-12-11 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Effective grooving construction method for underground continuous wall in slightly-weathered limestone with overlying sandy soil |
| CN204261738U (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-15 | 吴中区光福金怡五金配件厂 | A kind of catalase hammer |
| CN104675325A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-06-03 | 陶德明 | Full-hydraulic down-hole rotating impact combined drill bit for piling rock and soil layer |
| CN213450269U (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-06-15 | 中铁科学研究院有限公司 | Rectangular slide-resistant pile mechanical construction device |
-
2021
- 2021-06-30 CN CN202110736425.9A patent/CN113404433B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB397144A (en) * | 1932-01-14 | 1933-08-14 | Joseph Robbins Curtis | Improvements in or relating to rock-drills |
| US20010040053A1 (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2001-11-15 | Beuershausen Christopher C. | Multi-aggressiveness cutting face on PDC cutters and method of drilling subterranean formations |
| US6904984B1 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2005-06-14 | Rock Bit L.P. | Stepped polycrystalline diamond compact insert |
| CN103437341A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-12-11 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Effective grooving construction method for underground continuous wall in slightly-weathered limestone with overlying sandy soil |
| CN204261738U (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-15 | 吴中区光福金怡五金配件厂 | A kind of catalase hammer |
| CN104675325A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-06-03 | 陶德明 | Full-hydraulic down-hole rotating impact combined drill bit for piling rock and soil layer |
| CN213450269U (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-06-15 | 中铁科学研究院有限公司 | Rectangular slide-resistant pile mechanical construction device |
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| CN113404433B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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