CN113404287A - Multifunctional formwork for mass concrete structure and construction method - Google Patents
Multifunctional formwork for mass concrete structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113404287A CN113404287A CN202110708632.3A CN202110708632A CN113404287A CN 113404287 A CN113404287 A CN 113404287A CN 202110708632 A CN202110708632 A CN 202110708632A CN 113404287 A CN113404287 A CN 113404287A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 110
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/10—Forming or shuttering elements for general use with additional peculiarities such as surface shaping, insulating or heating, permeability to water or air
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/24—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction
- E04G21/246—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction specially adapted for curing concrete in situ, e.g. by covering it with protective sheets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional template for a large-volume concrete structure and a construction method thereof. The construction method of the large-volume concrete structure adopts the multifunctional template for the large-volume concrete structure, and the multifunctional template for the large-volume concrete structure is convenient to install and disassemble; the composite steel template with the heat preservation pipe, the template connecting piece and the heat preservation template can be recycled for multiple times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a formwork for a large-volume concrete structure and a construction method of the large-volume concrete structure.
Background
With the rapid development of the social economy and transportation industry, the large-scale and super-large-scale modern engineering structures are increasing day by day, and the large-volume concrete structures with high performance and high strength are widely applied. The large-volume concrete structure generally has the characteristics of large section size, large pouring amount and the like, and after pouring forming, due to the fact that hydration reaction of cement can release a large amount of hydration heat, the temperature difference inside and outside the large-volume concrete is large, temperature cracks are prone to being generated, and structural durability is affected. Therefore, in the construction process, construction and maintenance work of a large-volume concrete structure is very important for each construction unit. At present, each construction unit usually adopts a temperature control measure of mass concrete with 'internal cooling and external protection', namely, cooling pipes are laid in the mass concrete for water circulation and temperature reduction, and a template with a heat preservation effect is adopted on the outer side for heat preservation and maintenance. However, the construction and maintenance requirements of mass concrete are difficult to meet by the current construction and maintenance measures.
Through the inquiry of relevant patent documents, publication No. CN110259110A introduces a composite template structure suitable for the heat preservation of mass concrete in winter and a construction method. Wherein, the template is heated by the backwater of the cooling pipe, and a heating facility is arranged on the back of the template or the heat preservation template in a matching way. However, the patent does not fully utilize the return water of the cooling pipe and does not perform corresponding maintenance work on the upper surface of mass concrete; the template is heated by using the auxiliary heating facility, so that the defects of high energy consumption, high cost, high potential safety hazard and the like are overcome; a large-volume heat preservation formwork is introduced under the publication number CN217775732U, however, the patent does not have the characteristic of assembly type installation and is inconvenient for field installation operation; and the thickness of the heat preservation template can not be adjusted, and the gradient change of the heat preservation effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the multifunctional formwork for the mass concrete structure has the advantages of low energy consumption, good heat insulation effect and easiness in assembly, and the construction method of the mass concrete structure adopting the formwork is further provided.
In order to solve the technical problem, the multifunctional template for the large-volume concrete structure comprises a template main body and a water circulation system, wherein the template main body is assembled into a polygonal cylinder shape, the water circulation system comprises a cooling pipe arranged in the large-volume concrete structure, and a heat preservation pipe, a water tank and a water pump which are arranged in the template main body, the template main body comprises an inner layer formed by overlapping composite steel templates and a plurality of layers of heat preservation templates arranged outside the composite steel templates, two adjacent side surfaces of the template main body are connected through inserted corner connectors, the side surfaces of the template main body are spliced through inserted side connectors, the heat preservation pipe is arranged in the composite steel templates, and the cooling pipe, the heat preservation pipe, the water tank and the water pump are connected in series to form a water circulation loop.
Preferably, the corner connector include the connecting plate and two fix respectively at two limiting plates of the connecting plate left and right sides, the V font is arranged into to two limiting plates, the connecting plate front side sets up the slot of vertical extension, the rear side of connecting plate is provided with the plug of vertical extension, plug and slot phase-match, the side connector include the connecting plate and two fix respectively at two limiting plates of the connecting plate left and right sides, the in-line is arranged into to two limiting plates, the connecting plate front side sets up the slot of vertical extension, the rear side of connecting plate is provided with the plug of vertical extension, plug and slot phase-match.
Preferably, the heat preservation pipe and the composite steel template are of a factory-prefabricated integrated structure, the template main body is formed by connecting a plurality of composite steel templates through inserting or connecting pieces, and the heat preservation pipes of the adjacent composite steel templates in the water circulation loop are communicated through pipe joints.
Preferably, a plurality of curing nozzles are arranged above the composite steel template at intervals, and all the curing nozzles are connected with the heat preservation pipe in the composite steel template through a switch valve and a communicating vessel.
Preferably, the water circulation loop has a plurality of sets.
Preferably, heat preservation filler is filled between the adjacent heat preservation templates.
Preferably, the outer side of the inner corner of the template main body is provided with a slot matched with a plug of a corner connector, the outer side of the inner layer is provided with a slot matched with a plug of a side connector, the slot of the corner of the inner layer is sequentially spliced with N layers of corner connectors from inside to outside, the slot of the side of the inner layer is sequentially spliced with L layers of corner connectors from bottom to top, the slot of the side of the inner layer is sequentially spliced with N layers of side connectors from inside to outside, the slot of the side of the inner layer is sequentially spliced with L layers of side connectors from bottom to top, heat preservation templates are spliced between the limiting plates of the corner connectors and the limiting plates of the adjacent side connectors and between the limiting plates of the adjacent side connectors, all the slots are mutually matched with the plugs, and the splicing mode of the slots and the plugs is that the plugs are slidably spliced from one end to the other end along the length direction of the slots.
The construction method of the large-volume concrete structure adopts the multifunctional formwork for the large-volume concrete structure, and comprises a method for installing the formwork main body, wherein the method for installing the formwork main body comprises the following steps: a, overlapping the inner layer of the template main body by using a composite steel template; b, inserting a side connecting piece on the slot on the side of the inner layer; inserting corner connectors into the slots at the corners of the inner layer; c, inserting heat preservation templates between the limiting plates of the corner connecting pieces and the limiting plates of the adjacent side connecting pieces and between the limiting plates of the adjacent side connecting pieces.
Preferably, the connecting piece splicing machine is adopted in the step b, the connecting piece splicing machine comprises a base, a vertical sliding rail fixed on the base, a sliding table arranged on the vertical sliding rail in a sliding manner, two support plates arranged on the sliding table in a horizontally rotating manner and two positioning columns arranged on the sliding table in a horizontally sliding manner, the two support plates are U-shaped, the two positioning columns are connected through an adjusting bolt, the two ends of the adjusting bolt are screwed in opposite directions, a support is fixed on the sliding table, the middle part of the adjusting bolt is rotatably arranged on the support, the two positioning columns are respectively in threaded connection with the two ends of the adjusting bolt, a limiting and pressure-bearing structure is arranged on the positioning columns, the limiting and pressure-bearing structure comprises a first rack, a second rack, a limiting pressure plate and a gear, the first rack is horizontally slidably arranged in the positioning columns, the two first racks are opposite, the second rack is vertically slidably arranged in the positioning columns, and the gear is rotatably arranged in the positioning columns, the first rack and the second rack are both meshed with the gear, a return spring is connected between the second rack and the positioning column, when the limiting pressure-bearing structure is free from external force, the first rack partially extends out of the positioning column, the limiting pressure plate comprises a pressure plate and a positioning plate, the pressure plate is horizontally arranged, the positioning plate is fixed on the second rack and extends out of the positioning column, when the first rack completely enters the positioning column and the two support plates rotate to the direction consistent with the pressure plate direction, the first rack drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the second rack to descend, and the pressure plate of the limiting pressure-bearing structure descends to a position between the limiting plate and the connecting plate from the position above the limiting plate of the side connecting piece or the corner connecting piece in the two cut-out plates and is attached to the limiting plate;
the step b of inserting the side connecting piece or the corner connecting piece comprises the following steps: b1 inserting N-layer side connectors or N-layer corner connectors in sequence on a workbench in the horizontal direction to form a whole which is an N-layer connector; two sides of the N layers of connecting pieces extend out of the workbench; rotating the carrier plates of the connector splicing machine to the direction consistent with that of the pressure plate, and enabling two sides of the N-layer connecting piece to enter the two carrier plates respectively; b2 rotating the adjusting bolt to make the two positioning columns clamp the two sides of the slot of the connecting plate of the outermost side connecting piece or corner connecting piece, the two first racks are pushed into the positioning columns, the pressing plate is driven by the second racks to descend to press the N-layer side connecting piece tightly, and the positioning plate hooks the limiting plate of the outermost side connecting piece or corner connecting piece tightly; b3 moving the connector plug-in machine to the outside of the inner layer of the template main body, lifting the sliding table to make the N-layer connector higher than the slot to be plugged in the inner layer, aligning the plug of the N-layer connector with the slot of the inner layer, and making the sliding table descend to connect the N-layer connector to the slot of the inner layer; b4, the carrier plate is rotated to enable the carrier plate to withdraw out of the N-layer connectors, the adjusting bolts are rotated to enable the positioning columns to loosen the side connectors or the corner connectors, and the steps b1 to b3 are repeated until the L-layer N-layer connectors are inserted into one slot of the inner layer from bottom to top; b5 repeats the operations of steps b1 through b4 until all slots of the inner layer are plugged.
Preferably, the method for installing the formwork main body is step 3, and further comprises the following steps:
7, pouring a mass concrete structure;
8, starting a water circulation loop when the pouring height of the large-volume concrete structure exceeds the cooling pipe;
step 9, after pouring and forming, respectively finishing and plastering the top surfaces of the forest volume concrete after initial setting and before final setting of the mass concrete structure, opening a switch valve of a curing nozzle, and spraying circulating warm water for curing;
and 11, after the mass concrete structure reaches the health maintenance standard, removing the mold and finishing and recovering.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the template main body of the multifunctional template for the large-volume concrete structure adopts the inserting structure, so that the multifunctional template is convenient to install and disassemble; the composite steel template with the heat preservation pipe, the template connecting piece and the heat preservation template can be recycled for multiple times;
(2) the number of the layers of the heat-insulating template with the large-volume concrete structure can be adjusted and installed through the template connecting piece according to the on-site construction requirement, and the gradient change of the heat-insulating effect is obvious;
(3) the invention fully utilizes a large amount of hydration heat in the construction process of the mass concrete structure, uses the return water of the cooling pipe for heating the template, realizes the recycling of heat during the solidification of the mass concrete structure and realizes the self-circulation of the heat.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multifunctional template according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a template body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite steel formwork with an insulating pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal thermal insulation pipe of the composite steel template with the thermal insulation pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of a nozzle and a heat-insulating pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the corner connector of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the side connection member of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a corner insulation form according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a side insulating form according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the connection between the corner plate connector and the composite steel form according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the side connecting member and the composite steel form according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a connector plug-in machine for a side connector according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a top schematic view of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a top view of the connector plug-in machine for side connectors carrying side connectors;
FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a connector plug-in machine for corner connectors according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic top view of a connector plug-in machine for corner connectors carrying corner connectors;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a limiting and pressure-bearing structure;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a right view state of the limiting and bearing structure;
in the figure: 1 mass concrete structure, 2 composite steel templates, 3 corner connectors, 4 side connectors, 5 corner heat-insulating templates, 6 side heat-insulating templates, 7 filling heat-insulating materials, 8 water pumps, 9 controllers, 10 temperature sensors, 11 refrigeration devices, 12 water tanks, 13 curing nozzles, 14 cooling pipes, 15 shunt valves, 16 heat-insulating pipes, 17 communicators, 18 shunt pipes, 19 switch valves, 20 limiting plates, 21 connecting plates, 22 slots, 23 plugs, 24 steel templates, 25 slots, 26 water-conveying rubber hoses, 101, vertical slide rails, 102, chutes, 103, supports, 104, bases, 105, support plates, 106, sliding tables, 107, motors, 108, adjusting bolts, 109, bosses, 110, positioning columns, 111, beams, 112, steel wire ropes, 113, positioning plates, 114, limiting pressing plates, 115, first racks, 116, winding machines, 117, pressing plates, 118, second racks, 119, second racks, 6, third racks, fourth racks, fifth racks, sixth racks, sixth, Gear 120, return spring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The multifunctional formwork for the mass concrete structure shown in fig. 1-11 comprises a formwork main body and a water circulation system, wherein the formwork main body is assembled into a polygonal cylinder shape, the water circulation system comprises a cooling pipe 14 arranged in the mass concrete structure and a heat preservation pipe 16, a water tank 12 and a water pump 8 arranged in the formwork main body, the formwork main body comprises an inner layer formed by overlapping composite steel formworks 2 and a plurality of layers of heat preservation formworks arranged outside the composite steel formworks 2, two adjacent side surfaces of the formwork main body are connected through inserted corner connectors 3, the side surfaces of the formwork main body are spliced through inserted side connectors 4, the heat preservation pipe 16 is arranged in the composite steel formworks 2, the heat preservation pipe 16 and the composite steel formworks 2 are prefabricated integrated parts in a factory, and the formwork main body is formed by connecting a plurality of composite steel formworks 2 through inserted connection or connectors. The cooling pipe 14, the heat preservation pipe 16, the water tank 12 and the water pump 8 are connected in series to form a water circulation loop. There are two sets of water circulation loops, and the heat preservation pipes 16 in the adjacent composite steel templates in each set of water circulation loop are communicated through pipe joints.
The composite steel template 2 with the heat preservation pipe consists of a conventional steel template 24 and section steel with slots 25, wherein the section steel is prefabricated and processed according to standard sizes strictly and is fixed on the side surface of the steel template 24 in a welding mode. Wherein, a section steel with a slot 25 is welded at the corner of the steel template 24 for mounting the corner connecting piece 3; and a certain amount of section steel with slots 25 is welded on the side surface of the steel template 24 at equal intervals for installing the side connecting piece 4. The distance between adjacent section steels is preferably 1-2 m; the thermal insulation pipe 16 is a standard cast iron water pipe and is fixed inside the steel molding plate 24 by inserting holes reserved for transverse stiffening ribs of the steel molding plate 24. The thermal insulation pipes 16 are arranged in a snake shape along the height direction of the steel moulding plate 24, and the pipelines are connected by adopting matching joints.
As shown in fig. 6, the corner connector 3 includes connecting plate 21 and two limiting plates 20 fixed respectively at the connecting plate 21 left and right sides, the V font is arranged into to two limiting plates 20, the connecting plate front side sets up vertical extension's slot 22, the rear side of connecting plate 21 is provided with vertical extension's plug 23, plug 23 and slot 22 phase-match, as shown in fig. 7, side connector 4 includes connecting plate 21 and two limiting plates 20 fixed respectively at the connecting plate 21 left and right sides, a font is arranged into to two limiting plates 20, the connecting plate 21 front side sets up vertical extension's slot 22, the rear side of connecting plate 21 is provided with vertical extension's plug 23, plug 23 and slot 22 phase-match.
The slots on the composite steel template 2, the slots and the plugs of the corner connecting pieces 3 and the slots and the plugs of the side connecting pieces 4 are all designed into the same shape and are mutually matched, so that the composite steel template is convenient to process and install. The design is preferably in an arrow shape, and the engagement of the slot and the plug ensures the tight and reliable connection of different template connecting pieces.
A plurality of curing nozzles 13 are arranged above the composite steel template 2 at intervals, and all the curing nozzles 13 are connected with a heat preservation pipe 16 in the composite steel template 2 through a switch valve 19 and a communicating vessel 17.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the water inlet of the thermal insulation pipe 16 is connected with the cooling pipe 14 arranged inside the mass concrete structure 1 through the diverter valve 15, and the water outlet is connected with the water tank 12 through the water delivery rubber hose 26. The adjacent distance of the heat preservation pipes 16 is preferably 0.2-0.5 m.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the two types of specially-made heat preservation templates of the present invention are divided into a corner heat preservation template 5 and a side heat preservation template 6, which are made of heat preservation materials such as glass fiber, rock wool, aluminum silicate, heat preservation glass wool, polystyrene, and polypropylene. Wherein, the corner heat preservation template 5 is arranged at the corner of the template main body, and the side heat preservation template 6 is arranged in the middle of the side of the template main body.
As shown in FIG. 1, the water tank 12 of the present invention is formed by welding stainless steel plates, and the specific size is determined according to actual needs on site. Two refrigerating devices 11 are arranged in the water tank 12; two temperature sensors 10 are arranged at the inner center position and the surface position; a controller 9 is also externally provided. The temperature sensor 10 uploads the temperature parameter to the controller 9, and the controller 9 controls the temperature of the water in the water tank 12 through the refrigerating device 11. The water temperature of the water inlet of the cooling pipe 14 is controlled to be between 5 and 10 ℃. The water tank 12 carries out water delivery operation on the cooling pipe 14 arranged in the mass concrete structure 1 through the water pump 8, and ensures that the water inlet of the cooling pipe 14 has enough pressure.
As shown in fig. 1, the cooling pipe 14 of the present invention, which is disposed inside the bulk concrete structure 1, is disposed in a serpentine shape inside the bulk concrete structure 1. The cooling pipes 14 are standard cast iron water pipes, and the pipes are connected by matching joints. The water inlet of the cooling pipe 14 is connected with the water tank 12 through a shunt pipe 18, and the water outlet is connected with a heat preservation pipe 16 arranged in the composite steel template 2 through a shunt valve 15.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the curing nozzles 13 of the present invention are fixed on the top of the composite steel form 2 at equal intervals by welding. The curing nozzle 13 is connected with a heat preservation pipe 16 arranged in the composite steel template 2 through a communicating vessel 17. The injection directions of the curing nozzles 13 are all set as follows: the water flow in the curing nozzle 13 can be uniformly sprayed at a constant angle to the upper surface of the mass concrete structure 1 to be cured. A switch valve 19 is arranged below each curing nozzle 13, and the corresponding switch valve 19 is selectively opened according to the actual on-site curing and moisturizing requirements.
As shown in figures 10 and 11, for the convenience of construction and installation, the corner connectors 3 and the side connectors 4 are standard parts with the same height, and the height of the corner connectors 3 and the height of the side connectors 4 are preferably 0.4-0.6 m. A plurality of the concrete structures are stacked along the height direction of the large-volume concrete structure 1, and the concrete structures are sequentially assembled and installed on a construction site.
The multifunctional formwork construction method for a mass concrete structure as shown in fig. 1 to 11 includes the steps of:
s1, lofting the concrete position of the mass concrete structure 1 according to the construction drawing, and binding steel bars;
the size, position and elevation of the bound and formed steel bars are accurate and meet the design and acceptance standards; it should not be cut off at will.
S2, arranging the cooling pipe 14 inside the mass concrete structure 1;
the cooling pipes 14 are arranged before the mass concrete structure 1 is cast. The cooling pipes 14 are standard cast iron water pipes, adjacent pipes are connected by matching joints, and the pipes are horizontally arranged in different layers of the large-volume concrete structure 1 and are arranged in three layers.
Two cooling pipes 14 are arranged on the same layer. The installation needs to ensure the accurate position and firm fixation. During construction, attention is paid to protection so as not to damage the cooling pipe 14 due to trampling and collision. When the cooling pipe 14 interferes with the steel bars to be bound, the positions of the steel bars can be properly adjusted.
In particular, the cooling pipes 14 are to be placed and cast in the mass concrete structure 1 to prevent blockage and water leakage.
S3, installing the template main body; in this step, a connector plug-in machine is adopted.
As shown in fig. 12 to 18, the connector plug-in machine includes a base 104, a vertical slide rail 101 fixed on the base 104, a sliding table 106 slidably disposed on the vertical slide rail 101, two support plates 105 horizontally rotatably disposed on the sliding table 106, and two positioning pillars 110 horizontally slidably disposed on the sliding table 106, where the two support plates 105 are U-shaped, the sliding table 106 is provided with a motor 107 for driving the support plates 105 to rotate, the rear sides of the two positioning pillars 110 are provided with bosses 109, the two positioning pillars 110 are connected by an adjusting bolt 108, two ends of the adjusting bolt 108 are screwed oppositely, the sliding table 106 is fixed with a support 103, a sliding groove 102 is provided on a side surface of the sliding table 106 for slidably connecting the two positioning pillars 110, a middle portion of the adjusting bolt 108 is rotatably disposed on the support 103, the two bosses 109 are respectively connected with two ends of the adjusting bolt 108, the positioning pillars 110 are provided with a limiting pressure-bearing structure, A second rack 118, a limiting pressure plate 114 and a gear 119, wherein the first rack 115 is horizontally arranged in the positioning column 110 in a sliding manner, the second rack 118 is vertically arranged in the positioning column 110 in a sliding manner, the gear 119 is rotatably arranged in the positioning column 110, the first rack 115 and the second rack 118 are both engaged with the gear 119, a return spring 120 is connected between the second rack 118 and the positioning column 110, when the limiting pressure-bearing structure is not subjected to an external force, the first rack 115 partially extends out of the positioning column 110, the first racks 115 on the two positioning columns 110 face each other, the limiting pressure plate 114 comprises a pressure plate 117 horizontally arranged and a positioning plate 113 fixed on the lower side of the pressure plate 117, the pressure plate 117 is fixed on the second rack 118 and extends out of the positioning column 110, when the first rack 115 completely enters the positioning column 110 and the two support plates 105 rotate to the direction consistent with the pressure plate 117 (as shown in the state shown in fig. 14 and 16), the first rack 115 drives the gear 119 to rotate, the gear 119 drives the second rack 118 to descend, and the pressure plate of the limiting and pressure-bearing structure descends to a position between the limiting plate and the connecting plate from the upper part of the limiting plate of the side connecting piece or the corner connecting piece in the two carrier plates and is attached to the limiting plate; two reference columns and two spacing pressure-bearing structures promptly with corresponding connecting piece chucking. The base 104 is provided with a winch 116, the top of the vertical slide rail 101 is provided with a cross beam 111, and a steel wire rope 112 of the winch 116 crosses the cross beam 111 and is hung on the sliding table 106. The lift of the slide table 106 can be controlled by the hoist 116. Other lifting driving mechanisms can be used to control the lifting of the sliding table 106, such as an oil cylinder, an electric push rod, and the like. The base 104 may be provided with counterweights to ensure stability of the connector plug-in machine during operation, and the base 104 is preferably provided as an electric trolley to facilitate movement.
S3 includes the steps of: a, overlapping an inner layer of a template main body by using a composite steel template, wherein the composite steel template is generally overlapped in the horizontal direction and is a whole in the vertical direction, and the overlapping can be connected by using a connecting piece, or an inserting structure is processed on the side edge of the composite steel template to realize the insertion of the adjacent composite steel templates; b, inserting a side connecting piece on the slot on the side of the inner layer; inserting corner connectors into the slots at the corners of the inner layer; c, corner heat-insulating templates 5 are inserted between the limiting plates of the corner connectors and the limiting plates of the adjacent side connectors, and side heat-insulating templates 6 are inserted between the limiting plates of the adjacent side connectors. The step b comprises the following steps: b1 inserting N-layer side connectors or N-layer corner connectors in sequence on a workbench in the horizontal direction to form a whole which is an N-layer connector; two sides of the N layers of connecting pieces extend out of the workbench; rotating the carrier plates 105 of the connector plug-in machine to be consistent with the direction of the pressure plate 117, and enabling two sides of the N-layer connecting piece to enter the two carrier plates 105 respectively; b2 rotating adjusting bolt 108 to make two positioning columns 110 clamp two sides of slot 22 of connecting plate 21 of the outermost side connecting piece or corner connecting piece, two first racks 115 are pushed into positioning columns 110, pressing plate 117 is driven by second rack 118 to descend to press N-layer side connecting pieces tightly, positioning plate 113 hooks limiting plate 20 of the outermost side connecting piece or corner connecting piece tightly, the installation angle of positioning plate 113 on pressing plate 117 is matched with the angle of limiting plate 20 of side connecting piece or corner connecting piece and connecting plate 21, so as to make positioning plate 113 be able to fit with limiting plate 20; b3 moving the connector plug-in machine to the outside of the inner layer of the template main body, lifting the sliding table 106 to make the N-layer connector higher than the slot 25 to be plugged in the inner layer, aligning the plug 23 of the N-layer connector with the slot 25 of the inner layer, and making the sliding table 106 descend to connect the N-layer connector to the slot of the inner layer; b4 rotating the carrier board 105 to make the carrier board 105 withdraw out of the N-layer connectors, rotating the adjusting bolt 108 to make the positioning post 110 loose the side connectors or corner connectors, repeating the steps b1 to b3 until one slot of the inner layer is inserted with the L-layer N-layer connectors from bottom to top; b5 repeats the operations of steps b1 through b4 until all slots of the inner layer are plugged.
During installation, attention is paid to protect the heat preservation template from being damaged so as to avoid influencing the heat preservation quality. The installation work can be simultaneously performed along the periphery of the mass concrete structure 1 to shorten the construction period. Filling the filling heat-insulating material 7 into a gap formed by adjacent heat-insulating templates; during the filling process, attention is paid to filling gaps; the filling heat-insulating material can be selected from glass fiber, rock wool, aluminum silicate, heat-insulating glass wool, polystyrene and other heat-insulating materials.
S4, installing the water tank 12 and the water pump 8 at the water outlet position of the water tank 12;
two 2000mm by 1500mm by 1000mm water tanks 12 are welded by stainless steel plates and placed on a construction platform 1 two meters away from the mass concrete structure. The water pump 8 adopts a booster pump and is directly fixed on the working platform by welding, and the water pump 8 is connected to the water tank 12 by a water delivery rubber hose 26. The water tank 12 is filled with water for use.
S5, connecting the water inlet of the cooling pipe 14 with the water pump 8 at the water outlet of the water tank 12 through the shunt pipe 18 by using the water delivery rubber hose 26; the water outlet is connected with a water inlet of a heat preservation pipe 16 arranged in the composite steel template 2 through a flow divider 15; the water outlet of the heat preservation pipe 16 is connected with the water tank 12 through a water delivery rubber hose 26;
in particular, the water hose 26 is detachable and adjustable in length.
S6, installing a health preserving nozzle 13 and a switch valve 14;
fixing the curing nozzles 13 on the upper surface of the composite steel template 2 at intervals of 50cm by welding; a switch valve 19 is arranged below each curing nozzle 13, and then a water delivery rubber hose 26 is connected with a heat preservation pipe 16 arranged inside the composite steel template 2 through a communicating vessel 17. The ejection direction of the health nozzle 13 is set to: uniformly spraying the mixture to the upper surface of the mass concrete structure 1 to be maintained at a fixed elevation angle of 45 degrees.
S7, pouring the mass concrete structure 1;
in the pouring process, in order to prevent the expansion or the explosion of the mold, two persons are arranged to be specially responsible for observing the composite steel template 2 with the heat insulation pipe, once the template is deformed or the external support of the template is changed, the pouring of the mass concrete structure 1 is stopped immediately, measures are taken for reinforcement, and the construction quality is ensured.
The pouring process needs to be strictly organized, and the construction time is strictly controlled. The cooling tube 14 must not be touched during vibration to prevent water leakage.
S8, water is introduced for cooling when the pouring height of the large-volume concrete structure 1 exceeds the cooling pipe 14;
before the large-volume concrete structure 1 is poured, a water test is carried out to ensure that the cooling pipe 14 has no leakage, and the cooling pipe 14 is filled with water and sealed to avoid the blockage caused by cement slurry entering the pipe.
The large-volume concrete structure 1 is poured to a height higher than that of the cooling pipe 14, namely, cold water in the water pool 12 is pumped into the shunt pipe 18 by the water pump 8 and is shunted to the cooling pipe 8 of each layer of the large-volume concrete structure 1 through the shunt pipe 18 for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the heat-exchange water enters the heat-insulation pipe 16 of the composite steel template 2 through the flow divider 15 and the water delivery rubber hose 26, and then returns to the water tank 12 through the water delivery rubber hose 26.
And S9, after pouring and forming, finishing and plastering the large-volume concrete structure 1 after initial setting and before final setting. Opening a switch valve 19 of the curing nozzle 13 in time, and spraying circulating warm water in the heat preservation pipe 16 for curing;
particularly, the upper surface of the large-volume concrete structure 1 adopts a heat preservation maintenance scheme of erecting a greenhouse, spraying warm water and covering and maintaining a plastic film, and the maintenance time is not less than 14 days.
S10, performing heat preservation maintenance on the mass concrete structure 1, and simultaneously monitoring the temperature difference on the inner surface of the mass concrete structure 1 in real time in the maintenance process. If the inner surface temperature difference exceeds 25 ℃ specified by the specification, repeating the steps S3(4) - (6), realizing dynamic maintenance until the inner surface temperature difference of the mass concrete structure 1 is always lower than 25 ℃, and achieving the purposes of temperature control and crack prevention;
and S11, stopping cooling the circulating water, pressing out residual water in the cooling pipe 14 and the heat preservation pipe 16 by using an air compressor, and drying the cooling pipe 14. The cooling pipe 14 is then pressed with grout to close the pipe.
S12, after the large-volume concrete structure 1 reaches the health standard, removing the mould and finishing and recovering;
after the maintenance of the mass concrete structure 1 is completed, the form can be removed. When the mold is removed, the difference between the surface temperature of the concrete and the ambient temperature is not more than 15 ℃. The disassembly of the large-volume concrete assembled heat-preservation template system is carried out in a manner that a truck crane is matched with manpower, and two types of specially-made heat-preservation templates with special specifications, two types of composite steel templates with connecting pieces and heat-preservation pipes 16 are sequentially disassembled;
in particular, the demolition period should be determined according to the structure characteristics, the formwork section and the strength achieved by the concrete. The composite steel template 2 with the heat preservation pipe can be dismantled when the strength of the mass concrete structure 1 can ensure that the surface and the edges and corners of the mass concrete structure are not damaged due to dismantling. After the large-volume concrete structure 1 is demolded, the underground structure should be timely backfilled; above ground structures are not suitable for long term exposure to the elements.
In the dismantling process, the sequence of first branch and then dismantling and then first dismantling is followed. Note that the composite steel template 2 protecting the thermal insulation pipe 16, the two types of connecting pieces and the two types of thermal insulation templates with special specifications are prevented from being damaged so as not to influence recycling.
And after dismantling, cleaning mortar and dirt on the surface of the composite steel template 2 with the heat preservation pipe, and maintaining and finishing. The composite steel template 2 with the heat preservation pipe, the connecting piece and the heat preservation template are stacked orderly in a classified manner to wait for the next use;
and S13, cleaning on site.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a bulky concrete structure is with multi-functional template which characterized in that: including assembling into the template main part and the water circulating system of polygon tube-shape, water circulating system is including being arranged in the cooling tube of bulky concrete structure and arranging the insulating tube in the template main part, water tank and water pump, the template main part includes inlayer that compound steel form overlap joint formed and sets up the multilayer insulation template outside compound steel form, the angle connecting piece through pegging graft is connected in two adjacent sides of template main part, the side of template main part is spliced through the side connecting piece of pegging graft, the insulating tube sets up in compound steel form, the cooling tube, the insulating tube, water tank and water pump are established ties into water circulation circuit.
2. The multifunctional formwork for mass concrete structures according to claim 1, wherein: the angle connecting piece include the connecting plate and two fix respectively at two limiting plates of the connecting plate left and right sides, the V font is arranged into to two limiting plates, the connecting plate front side sets up the slot of vertical extension, the rear side of connecting plate is provided with the plug of vertical extension, plug and slot phase-match, the side connecting piece include the connecting plate and two fix respectively at two limiting plates of the connecting plate left and right sides, a font is arranged into to two limiting plates, the connecting plate front side sets up the slot of vertical extension, the rear side of connecting plate is provided with the plug of vertical extension, plug and slot phase-match.
3. The multifunctional formwork for mass concrete structures according to claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation pipe and the composite steel template are of a factory-prefabricated integrated structure, the template main body is formed by connecting a plurality of composite steel templates through inserting or connecting pieces, and the heat preservation pipes of the adjacent composite steel templates in the water circulation loop are communicated through pipe joints.
4. The multifunctional formwork for mass concrete structures according to claim 2, wherein: a plurality of health preserving nozzles are arranged above the composite steel template at intervals, and all the health preserving nozzles are connected with a heat preservation pipe in the composite steel template through a switch valve and a communicating vessel.
5. The multifunctional formwork for mass concrete structures according to claim 1, wherein: the water circulation loop has a plurality of sets.
6. The multifunctional formwork for mass concrete structures according to claim 1, wherein: and heat insulation filler is filled between the adjacent heat insulation templates.
7. The multifunctional formwork for a mass concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the outside of the bight of the inlayer of template main part be provided with the plug assorted slot of corner connector, the side of inlayer then be provided with the plug assorted slot with side connector outward, the slot of the bight of inlayer is pegged graft from inside to outside in proper order and is had N layer corner connector, it has L layer corner connector to peg graft in proper order from the bottom up, the slot of the side of inlayer is pegged graft in proper order from inside to outside and is had N layer side connector, it has L layer side connector to peg graft in proper order from the bottom up, it has the heat preservation template to peg graft between the limiting plate of corner connector's limiting plate and the limiting plate of adjacent side connector and between the limiting plate of adjacent side connector, all slots and plug all match each other, and the grafting mode of slot and plug is for following one end to other end slip grafting along slot length direction.
8. A construction method of a large-volume concrete structure is characterized in that: the multifunctional formwork for a mass concrete structure according to claim 7, comprising a method of installing a formwork body, said method of installing a formwork body comprising the steps of: a, overlapping the inner layer of the template main body by using a composite steel template; b, inserting a side connecting piece on the slot on the side of the inner layer; inserting corner connectors into the slots at the corners of the inner layer; c, inserting heat preservation templates between the limiting plates of the corner connecting pieces and the limiting plates of the adjacent side connecting pieces and between the limiting plates of the adjacent side connecting pieces.
9. The construction method of a mass concrete structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: step b adopts a connecting piece splicing machine, the connecting piece splicing machine comprises a base, a vertical sliding rail fixed on the base, a sliding table arranged on the vertical sliding rail in a sliding way, two support plates arranged on the sliding table in a horizontally rotating way and two positioning columns arranged on the sliding table in a horizontally sliding way, the two support plates are U-shaped, the two positioning columns are connected through an adjusting bolt, the threads at the two ends of the adjusting bolt are turned to opposite directions, a support is fixed on the sliding table, the middle part of the adjusting bolt is rotationally arranged on the support, the two positioning columns are respectively in threaded connection with the two ends of the adjusting bolt, a limiting and pressure-bearing structure is arranged on the positioning columns, the limiting and pressure-bearing structure comprises a first rack, a second rack, a limiting pressure plate and a gear, the first rack is horizontally slidably arranged in the positioning columns, the two first racks are opposite, the second rack is vertically slidably arranged in the positioning columns, and the gear is rotationally arranged in the positioning columns, the first rack and the second rack are both meshed with the gear, a return spring is connected between the second rack and the positioning column, when the limiting pressure-bearing structure is free from external force, the first rack partially extends out of the positioning column, the limiting pressure plate comprises a pressure plate and a positioning plate, the pressure plate is horizontally arranged, the positioning plate is fixed on the second rack and extends out of the positioning column, when the first rack completely enters the positioning column and the two support plates rotate to the direction consistent with the pressure plate direction, the first rack drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the second rack to descend, and the pressure plate of the limiting pressure-bearing structure descends to a position between the limiting plate and the connecting plate from the position above the limiting plate of the side connecting piece or the corner connecting piece in the two cut-out plates and is attached to the limiting plate;
the step b of inserting the side connecting piece or the corner connecting piece comprises the following steps: b1 inserting N-layer side connectors or N-layer corner connectors in sequence on a workbench in the horizontal direction to form a whole which is an N-layer connector; two sides of the N layers of connecting pieces extend out of the workbench; rotating the carrier plates of the connector splicing machine to the direction consistent with that of the pressure plate, and enabling two sides of the N-layer connecting piece to enter the two carrier plates respectively;
b2 rotating the adjusting bolt to make the two positioning columns clamp the two sides of the slot of the connecting plate of the outermost side connecting piece or corner connecting piece, the two first racks are pushed into the positioning columns, the pressing plate is driven by the second racks to descend to press the N-layer side connecting piece tightly, and the positioning plate hooks the limiting plate of the outermost side connecting piece or corner connecting piece tightly; b3 moving the connector plug-in machine to the outside of the inner layer of the template main body, lifting the sliding table to make the N-layer connector higher than the slot to be plugged in the inner layer, aligning the plug of the N-layer connector with the slot of the inner layer, and making the sliding table descend to connect the N-layer connector to the slot of the inner layer; b4, the carrier plate is rotated to enable the carrier plate to withdraw out of the N-layer connectors, the adjusting bolts are rotated to enable the positioning columns to loosen the side connectors or the corner connectors, and the steps b1 to b3 are repeated until the L-layer N-layer connectors are inserted into one slot of the inner layer from bottom to top; b5 repeats the operations of steps b1 through b4 until all slots of the inner layer are plugged.
10. The construction method of a mass concrete structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: the method for installing the template main body comprises the following steps of 3:
step 1, lofting a specific construction position of a large-volume concrete structure according to a construction drawing, and binding reinforcing steel bars;
step 2, arranging cooling pipes inside the mass concrete structure;
step 4, installing a water tank and a water pump;
step 5, connecting the cooling pipe, the heat preservation pipe, the water tank and the water pump in series to form a water circulation loop;
step 6, installing a curing nozzle and a switch valve;
7, pouring a mass concrete structure;
8, starting a water circulation loop when the pouring height of the large-volume concrete structure exceeds the cooling pipe;
step 9, after pouring and forming, respectively finishing and plastering the top surfaces of the forest volume concrete after initial setting and before final setting of the mass concrete structure, opening a switch valve of a curing nozzle, and spraying circulating warm water for curing;
step 10, turning off a water pump, pressing out residual water in the cooling pipe and the heat preservation pipe by using an air compressor, drying the cooling pipe, and injecting slurry into the cooling pipe by using a slurry press to seal the cooling pipe;
and 11, after the mass concrete structure reaches the health maintenance standard, removing the mold and finishing and recovering.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113800679A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-17 | 温州市丰源水利水电工程有限公司 | Water quality treatment system for water resource management and construction method thereof |
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