CN113403835B - Preparation method of ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-releasing fabric - Google Patents
Preparation method of ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-releasing fabric Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric, which comprises the following steps: the moisture-absorbing quick-drying fiber is used as the outer short fiber, the elastic multifilament is used as the core yarn, the core-spun yarn is spun by adopting a core-spun spinning process, the spun core-spun yarn is woven into a knitted fabric, and the knitted fabric is subjected to post-treatment to prepare the ultrathin super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric. Compared with the prior art, the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric prepared by the invention has the advantages that the fabric has an excellent sweat-discharging function, the fabric has strong deformation capability, is light, thin and comfortable, the production process is simple, the cost is low, the popularization is facilitated, and the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric is suitable for sportswear, underwear and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of textiles, in particular to a preparation method of an ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric.
Background
With the development of the times, the functionality of textiles is more and more important for people's lives, in the aspect of wearing textiles, people no longer use the durability index as the first-choice index of consumers, and the comfort and the functionality of clothing materials and clothing become the main factors considered by consumers, so that the traditional textiles cannot meet the requirements of people, and various ways for improving the performance of fabrics, such as fiber blending, yarn and fabric structure design, post-treatment processing and the like, are developed.
For a fiber blending mode, different fiber materials can endow the terminal fabric with different characteristics, most of plant fibers in natural fibers have good hygroscopicity and are comfortable to wear, but the perspiration and wrinkle resistance are poor, when people perspire more, the fibers can be adhered to the skin due to moisture absorption expansion, so that the air permeability and the moisture permeability are reduced, and a wet and cold feeling is caused to the human body; animal fibers in natural fibers have good heat retention and excellent moisture absorption performance, but have the defects of poor dyeing property, easy mildew, and poor water washing resistance and light irradiation resistance. The synthetic fiber in the chemical fiber has good durability and low cost, but has poor moisture permeability, is easy to generate static electricity, has strong prickling feeling when being worn, and is easy to generate stuffy feeling when being moved. Regenerated fibers in the chemical fibers have good dyeing property and are comfortable to wear, but the elasticity, the wet strength and the wear resistance are poor. At present, natural fibers and chemical fibers are blended or interwoven, the characteristics of non-moisture absorption and low water retention rate of the chemical fibers are utilized, the evaporation and quick-drying effects of the fabric are improved, meanwhile, the fabric does not fall down like the natural fibers in a wet state, the comfortable microclimate state between the fabric and the skin can be always kept, and the purpose of improving the comfort is achieved. However, the method can reduce the advantageous properties of the fibers, and the functional uniformity of the fabric is difficult to ensure, so that the research on fiber blending needs to be further broken through.
The yarn and fabric structure design, wherein on the yarn layer, the arrangement sequence of fiber components can be designed through different spinning modes, the yarn forming process of the fiber components can be adjusted, and a special yarn structure is constructed, so that the expression of fiber functions is facilitated. On the fabric layer, the arrangement mode of the yarns can be controlled through the fabric weave structure design and the weaving process adjustment, the physical property of the fabric is improved, and the wearability of the fabric is enhanced. Certain synergistic effect exists between the yarn and the fabric design, the yarn and the fabric can interact with each other through corresponding design to achieve the expected functional characteristics, and the mode and the mechanism of the interaction are required to be further explored.
The post-treatment processing mode is a commonly used treatment means for improving the quality of the fabric at present, a specific treatment process or addition of functional substances is adopted to endow the fabric with corresponding functional characteristics, the method is various, the functional substances are rich, and the research prospect is huge, but most of the existing post-treatment modes have the problems of poor durability, incomplete treatment process and great pollution.
The core-spun yarn is spun by using filament as core yarn and wrapping short fiber or filament, and has the excellent performance of both the filament and the short fiber. The core-spun yarn can fully utilize the characteristics of two fibers and make up the defects of the two fibers by utilizing the excellent physical properties of the core yarn and the properties and surface characteristics of the outer-wrapped short fibers.
CN112111842A discloses a preparation method of an ultrathin super-elastic sweat-discharging warm-keeping pajama underwear fabric. The oxidation treatment is carried out on the wool fibers, and protease is used as a catalyst, so that part of scale tissues on the surface of the wool are stripped, the scratchiness of the wool is reduced, and the moisture absorption of the wool is improved. And then modal fibers, moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing fibers, acrylic fibers and pretreated wool fibers are blended into yarns by double-strand compact spinning, the centers of the yarns are transferred, other blended fibers are wrapped outside the yarns, the itching feeling of wool is further reduced, and the ultrathin, super-elastic, sweat-releasing and warm-keeping pajama underwear fabric is obtained.
The publication number CN111676562A relates to a preparation method of a terylene and spandex blended moisture-absorbing sweat-releasing high-elastic breathable fish scale fabric. The method comprises the following steps: respectively soaking polyester yarns in a hydrophilic agent solution and a hydrophobic solution, pre-baking and baking, respectively taking the obtained hydrophilic polyester yarns and the hydrophobic polyester yarns as surface warps and inner warps, taking the hydrophilic polyester yarns as surface wefts and the hydrophobic polyester yarns as inner wefts, weaving a double-layer fabric, simultaneously taking the inner wefts and the surface wefts in the double-layer fabric as wefts together, and taking spandex as warps to weave a single-layer fabric. The fabric prepared by the method not only has the effects of moisture absorption and sweat releasing, but also has the advantages of high elasticity and breathability. However, the elasticity and air permeability of the woven fabric prepared by the method are far inferior to those of knitted fabrics, and the hydrophilic and hydrophobic differentiated arrangement of terylene is not obvious for enhancing moisture absorption and quick drying.
The publication number of CN106218011A discloses a moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing high-elastic knitted fabric, which comprises an outer layer grid layer and an inner layer grid layer, wherein the outer layer grid layer and the inner layer grid layer are parallel to each other; a plurality of hollow fibers are connected between the outer layer grid layer and the inner layer grid layer, and elastic fibers are spirally connected to the outer sides of the hollow fibers; grooves are arranged at the positions where the outer layer grid layer is connected with the hollow fibers, a sweat discharging layer is also connected above the outer layer grid layer, and a plurality of sweat discharging grooves which are arranged in parallel are arranged on the sweat discharging layer; the outer layer grid layer and the inner layer grid layer are both provided with honeycomb holes distributed in a honeycomb manner, and the hollow fibers are located at the edges of the honeycomb holes. The invention not only can improve the moisture absorption effect, but also has the advantages of good air permeability, good sweat releasing effect and good elasticity. However, the fabric is thick and has very poor wearability.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of constructing the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-releasing fabric in a green and environment-friendly manner with simple processes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of an ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing yarns: using moisture-conducting fiber as an outer covering material, using spandex multifilament as a core wire, and adopting core-spun yarn to spin elastic core-spun yarn with the yarn density of 10-150 tex;
step 2, preparing the fabric: weaving Cheng Luo textured fabric grey cloth by the elastic core-spun yarn spun in the step 1;
step 3, preparation of finishing liquid: the parts are all parts by weight, 1-5 parts of nano crystalline cellulose and 0.1-1 part of sodium hydroxide are mixed and ground for 5-10 minutes at room temperature; then adding 50-80 parts of water and 1-5 parts of glyceryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, reacting for 2-6 h at 65 ℃, and stirring once every 10-20 min; precipitating the reactant by 70-100 parts of 95wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and extracting the precipitate after centrifugation; adding 1-2 parts of precipitate into 10-20 parts of modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution, adding 0.1-5.0 parts of penetrant and 80-120 parts of water, mixing, and stirring at 100-300 r/min for 20-30 minutes to obtain finishing liquid;
and 4, plasma treatment: soaking the fabric in finishing liquor for 20-30 minutes at the soaking temperature of 20-30 ℃ and the bath ratio of 1 (5-10) g/ml, and then padding to obtain the fabric treated by the finishing liquor; drying the fabric treated by the finishing liquid at 70-80 ℃ for 3-8 minutes, and treating the fabric in low-temperature plasma gas; and then drying the fabric at 70-80 ℃ for 10-15 minutes to obtain the ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric.
Preferably, the moisture-conductive fiber is one or more than one fiber selected from Coolmax fiber, tricactor fiber, sophista fiber, bamboo fiber, coolplus fiber, WELLKEY fiber and Sweatsensor microporous four-leaf section polyester fiber.
Coolmax fiber is a four-pipeline heterogeneous polyester fiber, the cross section of the Coolmax fiber is in a cross shape, and the water is absorbed and volatilized by utilizing the siphon water guide effect of a groove, so that the skin is kept dry and comfortable.
The polyester fiber with the Y-shaped cross section developed by the Tricactor fiber in Toyo-Japan has the properties of air permeability, water absorption and quick drying, and the space formed by the polyester fiber can maximize the capillary action of the fiber, greatly improve the water absorption rate and capacity of the fiber, and can quickly absorb sweat and moisture on the surface of the skin, transmit the sweat and moisture to the surface of the fabric and emit the sweat and moisture.
The Sophista fiber is developed by the company of Japan Coly, and utilizes a composite spinning method to prepare the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and the polyester into a bi-component sheath-core composite fiber, the surface layer of the fiber is provided with hydrophilic groups, the core layer is the polyester fiber, the hydrophilic groups on the surface layer can absorb water and diffuse out, the polyester of the core layer hardly absorbs moisture, and a small amount of water in the fiber is easy to diffuse and evaporate, so that dry and comfortable wearing feeling is kept.
Bamboo fiber, the cross section has a lot of gaps of different sizes, can absorb and evaporate moisture in the twinkling of an eye, and bamboo self has the bacterinertness, and antibacterial property is difficult for being destroyed in the course of working, and antibiotic stability is good, also can not cause any anaphylactic reaction to skin when the taking.
Coolplus fiber is a differentiated polyester fiber with good moisture absorption and sweat releasing functions, the cross section of the fiber is in a cross shape, and the longitudinal surface of the fiber is provided with fine grooves and holes, so that sweat can be instantly discharged out of a body through absorption, transmission and volatilization.
The WELLKEY fiber is a polyester hollow fiber, the surface of the fiber is communicated with the hollow part through a plurality of pores, and the moisture on the surface of the fiber can be transferred to the hollow part of the fiber due to the capillary phenomenon and then is transported to two ends of the fiber through a hollow channel, so that the fiber is quickly wetted and the moisture volatilization is facilitated.
The Sweatsensor fiber is characterized in that 4 fins are generated on the cross section of the fiber through a special polymer and a corrosive agent, so that a plurality of fine spaces are formed on the side surface, and the Sweatsensor fiber has the performances of fine hand feeling, fluffiness, moisture absorption and quick drying.
Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), a substance that is very elastic and durable, even more so than steel, is an effective antioxidant.
Glyceryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, solid at room temperature, density: 1.13g/mL, CAS number: 3033-77-0.
Preferably, the penetrating agent in step 3 is one or a mixture of more than one of sodium sulfosuccinate, alkylphenol ethoxylates and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution in the step 3 comprises the following steps of:
s1, adding 50-150 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide into a container protected by nitrogen to dissolve 1-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 10-20 parts of phthalic anhydride, stirring for 4-8 hours at 100-150 ℃, precipitating and filtering with excessive ethanol, and performing vacuum drying on a filtered substance to obtain 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide;
s2, mixing 20-80 parts of pyridine and 20-80 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide to prepare a mixed solution, adding 1-5 parts of 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide into the mixed solution, and stirring for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ to fully expand the 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide; then adding 20-80 parts of paratoluensulfonyl chloride, stirring the mixture at 20-40 ℃ for 20-30 h, adding 20-80 parts of hydrazine hydrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.5% -3% for reaction, heating the temperature to 60-100 ℃, and reacting for 5-10 h; finally, adding 20-80 parts of ethanol into the reaction mixture, filtering and washing the generated precipitate to be neutral, and performing vacuum drying to obtain modified chitosan oligosaccharide;
s3, adding 1-5 parts of modified chitosan oligosaccharide into 50-80 parts of water, adding 10-50 parts of ethanol, and stirring at 100-300 rpm for 10-20 minutes to obtain a modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution.
Preferably, the low-temperature plasma gas in step 4 is helium, argon, oxygen, nitrogen, CH 4 、C 2 H 2 One kind of (1).
Preferably, the padding of the step 4 adopts one-padding-one-rolling, and the rolling residual rate is 65-75%.
The percent pass, also called the wet pick-up, is the weight of liquid carried on the fabric as a percentage of the fabric's own weight.
Preferably, the working pressure of the low-temperature plasma in the step 4 is 20-30 Pa.
Preferably, the power of the low-temperature plasma discharge in the step 4 is 60-100W.
Preferably, the low-temperature plasma treatment time in the step 4 is 2 to 10 minutes.
In the core-spun spinning process, the moisture absorption quick-drying fibers are coated with spandex to form yarns, and because the moisture absorption performance of the spandex is poor, the spandex can form a differential effect with external moisture absorption quick-drying fibers, so that the rapid absorption and transfer diffusion of water molecules are facilitated, the environment is protected, and the process flow is simple.
The spandex core-spun yarn is knitted by adopting rib stitch, wherein the spandex core-spun yarn has high breaking elongation, low modulus and high elastic recovery rate, the rib stitch is formed by combining and configuring front side coil wale and back side coil wale in a certain form, and the spandex core-spun yarn has high elasticity and extensibility during stretching. When the body of the high-elastic fabric sweats during movement, the gaps among the yarns are increased, the fabric becomes thinner, the direct contact area between the skin and the external environment is increased, the sweat discharging speed is increased, and the human body can be kept in a dry and comfortable state.
The moisture-absorbing and quick-drying fabric is further treated by low-temperature plasma, the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying fibers wrapped outside play a role in protecting spandex filaments inside, and the introduced monomer containing hydrophilic groups mainly exists on the surface of the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying fibers outside, so that the differential effect of the fabric is further enhanced, and the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying performance is enhanced. The low-temperature plasma treatment is mainly to graft hydrophilic groups in a chemical bond mode, so that the fabric has good washing resistance and high stability.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-releasing fabric has the advantages that: 1) Part of hydrogen bonds of chitosan oligosaccharide molecules are broken, the number of free hydrophilic groups is increased, and the prepared modified chitosan oligosaccharide can be combined with surface molecules of the fabric to form hydrophilic groups under the treatment of low-temperature plasma, so that the fabric is endowed with moisture absorption and quick drying performances. 2) The core-spun yarn structure and the modified chitosan oligosaccharide low-temperature plasma treatment increase the moisture absorption of the outer-coated fiber, and the moisture absorption capacities of the inner fiber and the outer fiber form great difference, so that a differential effect is formed, and the moisture absorption and sweat releasing capacities of the fabric are enhanced. 3) The method mainly grafts hydrophilic groups in a chemical bond mode, and the fabric has good washing resistance and high stability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of an ultrathin superelastic sweat-discharging fabric.
Detailed Description
The source and equipment type of each main raw material in the examples:
coolmax fiber: the fiber fineness was 14dtex and the fiber length was 38mm, as manufactured by INVISTA.
Spandex filament: 40D,48F, from Zhu & City.
Nanocrystalline cellulose: the high-star novel carbon material is Changzhou limited company, and the particle size is between 1 and 100 nm.
Glyceryl trimethyl ammonium chloride: hubei Chushengwei Limited, CAS number: 3033-77-0.
Sodium sulfosuccinate octyl sulfonate: the Haian petrochemical plant of Jiangsu province is colorless to light yellow viscous liquid.
Chitosan oligosaccharide: henan Dongshun chemical products Co., ltd., pale yellow powder.
Phthalic anhydride: denteng chemical ltd, density: 1.53g/cm 3 CAS number: 85-44-9.
Pyridine: shanghai kelin group, colorless or yellowish liquid, CAS number: 110-86-1.
P-toluenesulfonyl chloride: shou guano union chemical co., external appearance: white crystalline particles, CAS No.: 98-59-9.
Hydrazine hydrate: zibo Lin Peng chemical Limited, N 2 H 4 ·H 2 O, is colorless orThe waste rock liquid is nearly colorless and transparent, and has unique odor.
The spinning frame is an HF-A4 spinning frame, huafei textile science and technology Limited company in Suzhou city.
Low-temperature plasma equipment: manufactured by Samco corporation of japan, model number: PD-2.
Example 1
A preparation method of the ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing yarns: using Coolmax fiber as an outer covering material, using spandex multifilament as a core wire, and adopting core-spun yarn to spin elastic core-spun yarn with the yarn density of 40 tex;
step 2, preparing the fabric: weaving the yarns spun in the step 1 into 1+1 Luo Wenzu woven fabric grey cloth;
step 3, preparation of finishing liquor: the parts are all parts by weight, and 1 part of nano crystalline cellulose and 0.2 part of sodium hydroxide are mixed and ground for 8 minutes at room temperature; then adding 60 parts of water and 2 parts of glyceryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, reacting for 4 hours at 65 ℃, and stirring once every 15 minutes; precipitating the reactant by 80 parts of 95wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and extracting the precipitate after centrifugation; adding 1.5 parts of precipitate into 15 parts of modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution, adding 2 parts of sodium sulfosuccinate penetrant and 100 parts of water, and stirring at 200 revolutions per minute for 25 minutes to obtain finishing liquid;
and 4, plasma treatment: soaking the fabric in finishing liquid for 25 minutes at the soaking temperature of 25 ℃ and the bath ratio of 1; drying the fabric treated by the finishing liquid at 75 ℃ for 6 minutes, and treating the fabric in low-temperature plasma equipment with working pressure of 25Pa and discharge power of 80W for 5 minutes in low-temperature plasma gas; and then drying the fabric at 75 ℃ for 12 minutes to obtain the ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric.
The preparation method of the modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution comprises the following steps of:
s1, adding 100 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide into a three-neck round-bottom bottle protected by nitrogen to dissolve 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 15 parts of phthalic anhydride, stirring for 6 hours at 120 ℃, precipitating with excessive ethanol, filtering, and vacuum-drying the filtered substance to obtain 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide;
s2, mixing 50 parts of pyridine and 50 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide to prepare a mixed solution, adding 3 parts of 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide into the mixed solution, and stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ to fully expand the 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide; then adding 50 parts of paratoluensulfonyl chloride, stirring the mixture at 30 ℃ for 25 hours, adding 50 parts of hydrazine hydrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1% for reaction, heating the temperature to 80 ℃, and reacting for 8 hours; finally, 40 parts of ethanol is added into the reaction mixture, the generated precipitate is filtered, washed to be neutral, and dried in vacuum to obtain the modified chitosan oligosaccharide;
and S3, adding 2 parts by weight of modified chitosan oligosaccharide into 74 parts by weight of water, adding 30 parts by weight of ethanol, and stirring at 200 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain a modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution.
Example 2
A preparation method of an ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing yarns: using Coolmax fiber as an outer covering material, using spandex multifilament as a core wire, and adopting core-spun yarn to spin elastic core-spun yarn with the yarn density of 40 tex;
step 2, preparing the fabric: weaving the yarns spun in the step 1 into 1+1 Luo Wenzu woven fabric grey cloth;
step 3, preparation of finishing liquid: the finishing liquid is prepared by selecting 15 parts of modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution, adding 2 parts of sodium sulfosuccinate penetrant and 101.5 parts of water, mixing, and stirring at 200 revolutions per minute for 25 minutes;
step 4, plasma treatment: soaking the fabric in finishing liquid for 25 minutes at the soaking temperature of 25 ℃ and the bath ratio of 1; drying the fabric treated by the finishing liquid at 75 ℃ for 6 minutes, and treating the fabric in low-temperature plasma equipment with working pressure of 25Pa and discharge power of 80W for 5 minutes in low-temperature plasma gas; and then drying the fabric at 75 ℃ for 12 minutes to obtain the ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric.
The preparation method of the modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution comprises the following steps of:
s1, adding 100 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide into a three-neck round-bottom bottle protected by nitrogen to dissolve 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 15 parts of phthalic anhydride, stirring for 6 hours at 120 ℃, precipitating with excessive ethanol, filtering, and vacuum-drying the filtered substance to obtain 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide;
s2, mixing 50 parts of pyridine and 50 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide to prepare a mixed solution, adding 3 parts of 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide into the mixed solution, and stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ to fully expand the 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide; then adding 50 parts of paratoluensulfonyl chloride, stirring the mixture at 30 ℃ for 25 hours, adding 50 parts of 1% hydrazine hydrate aqueous solution by mass percent for reaction, heating the temperature to 80 ℃, and reacting for 8 hours; finally, 40 parts of ethanol is added into the reaction mixture, the generated precipitate is filtered, washed to be neutral, and dried in vacuum to obtain the modified chitosan oligosaccharide;
and S3, adding 2 parts by weight of modified chitosan oligosaccharide into 74 parts by weight of water, adding 30 parts by weight of ethanol, and stirring at 200 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain a modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution.
Example 3
A preparation method of an ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing yarns: using Coolmax fiber as an outer covering material, using spandex multifilament as a core wire, and adopting core-spun yarn to spin elastic core-spun yarn with the yarn density of 40 tex;
step 2, preparing the fabric: weaving the yarns spun in the step 1 into 1+1 Luo Wenzu woven fabric grey cloth;
step 3, preparation of finishing liquor: 1 part of nano crystalline cellulose and 0.2 part of sodium hydroxide are mixed and ground for 8 minutes at room temperature; then adding 60 parts of water and 2 parts of glyceryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, reacting for 4 hours at 65 ℃, and stirring once every 15 minutes; precipitating the reactant by 80 parts of 95wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and extracting the precipitate after centrifugation; taking 1.5 parts of precipitate, adding 2 parts of sodium sulfosuccinate penetrant and 115 parts of water, and stirring at 200 revolutions per minute for 25 minutes to obtain finishing liquid;
and 4, plasma treatment: soaking the fabric in finishing liquid for 25 minutes at the soaking temperature of 25 ℃ and the bath ratio of 1; drying the fabric treated by the finishing liquid at 75 ℃ for 6 minutes, and treating the fabric in low-temperature plasma equipment with working pressure of 25Pa and discharge power of 80W for 5 minutes in low-temperature plasma gas; and then drying the fabric at 75 ℃ for 12 minutes to obtain the ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of an ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing yarns: using Coolmax fiber as an outer covering material, using spandex multifilament as a core wire, and adopting core-spun yarn to spin elastic core-spun yarn with the yarn density of 40 tex;
step 2, preparing the fabric: weaving the yarns spun in the step 1 into 1+1 Luo Wenzu woven fabric grey cloth;
step 3, preparation of finishing liquor: the parts are parts by weight, 2 parts of sodium sulfosuccinate penetrant and 116.5 parts of water are selected and mixed, and the mixture is stirred for 25 minutes at 200 revolutions per minute to obtain finishing liquid;
and 4, plasma treatment: soaking the fabric in finishing liquid for 25 minutes at the soaking temperature of 25 ℃ and the bath ratio of 1; drying the fabric treated by the finishing liquid at 75 ℃ for 6 minutes, and treating the fabric in low-temperature plasma equipment with working pressure of 25Pa and discharge power of 80W for 5 minutes in low-temperature plasma gas; and then drying the fabric at 75 ℃ for 12 minutes to obtain the ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of an ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing yarns: using Coolmax fiber as an outer covering material, using spandex multifilament as a core wire, and adopting core-spun yarn to spin elastic core-spun yarn with the yarn density of 40 tex;
step 2, preparing the fabric: weaving the yarns spun in the step 1 into 1+1 Luo Wenzu woven fabric grey cloth;
step 3, preparation of finishing liquor: the finishing liquid is prepared by selecting 15 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide solution, adding 2 parts of sodium sulfosuccinate penetrant and 101.5 parts of water, and stirring at 200 revolutions per minute for 25 minutes;
and 4, plasma treatment: soaking the fabric in finishing liquid for 25 minutes at the soaking temperature of 25 ℃ and the bath ratio of 1; drying the fabric treated by the finishing liquid at 75 ℃ for 6 minutes, and treating the fabric in low-temperature plasma equipment with working pressure of 25Pa and discharge power of 80W for 5 minutes in low-temperature plasma gas; and then drying the fabric at 75 ℃ for 12 minutes to obtain the ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric.
The chitosan oligosaccharide solution is prepared by the following method: 2 parts by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide was added to 74 parts by weight of water, and then stirred for 15 minutes at 200 rpm in 30 parts by weight of ethanol to obtain a chitosan oligosaccharide solution.
Test example 1
Test standard reference fabric moisture absorption quick-drying national standard GB/T21655.1-2008 evaluation part 1 of textile moisture absorption quick-drying: the single combination test method adopts a combination method, selects a test method of two indexes of wicking height and moisture permeability, and tests the moisture diffusion rate of the fabric according to a fabric moisture diffusion performance test method provided by researchers.
(1) Wicking height test
The wicking height of the woven fabric was tested according to the standard and test methods of FZ T01071-2008, methods for testing the capillary Effect of textiles. Under the environment of constant temperature and constant humidity (the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, the humidity is 65 +/-3%), 3 samples with the sample size of 300mm and the width of 30mm are respectively prepared from each fabric according to the warp direction and the weft direction, a tension clamp of 3g is hung at a position 8-10mm away from the lower end of the sample, then the sample is placed into a YG (B) 871 capillary effect determinator, the seepage height of the fabric is read after 30min, the experiment is repeated for 3 times, and the average value is taken. The test results are shown in table 1:
table 1: fabric wicking height test results
(2) Moisture permeability test
Reference is made to GB/T12704.1-2009 section 1 of textile fabric moisture permeability test method: wet absorption method. The testing method is mainly used for representing the moisture permeability of the fabric by the mass of water vapor molecules in the environment penetrating through the fabric and absorbed by a desiccant in a moisture permeable cup within a certain time under the high-temperature and high-humidity conditions that the temperature is 38 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity is 90 +/-2%. The example and comparative fabric samples were made into 9.5cm diameter circular fabrics, 3 pieces each. Placing the fabric on a moisture permeable cup filled with a drying agent, packaging the fabric by using a gasket, a nut and an adhesive tape, putting the packaged fabric into a YG601H computer type fabric moisture permeable instrument for 1H, then covering a cup cover, putting the sealed fabric into a drying dish, balancing the sealed fabric for 30min, and weighing the sealed fabric one by one in sequence to record as the original weight. Then put into the test box for 1h again and weighed one by one again. The moisture permeability was calculated according to formula 1, and the test result was the average value of three samples. The test results are shown in table 3:
WVT＝Δm/(A·t) 1
in the formula: WVT-moisture permeability, moisture permeability per square meter per day (24 h) [ g/(m) 2 ·24h)]；
t-test time (h);
Δ m — the difference (g) between two weights in the same set of tests;
a-test area of the specimen (m) 2 ) The experimental device is 0.00283m 2 。
Table 2: moisture permeability test results
| Experimental protocol | Moisture permeability g/(m) of fabric 2 ·24h) |
| Example 1 | 8431 |
| Example 2 | 8291 |
| Example 3 | 7550 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6422 |
| Comparative example 2 | 6689 |
It can be seen from the comparison between example 1 and example 2 that the addition of the modified nanocrystalline cellulose is beneficial to enhancing the moisture absorption and quick drying performance of the fabric, probably because: the modified nano crystalline cellulose has hydrophilic groups with various activities, is beneficial to the generation of chemical reaction, improves the formation proportion of the hydrophilic groups and improves the moisture absorption and permeability of the fabric.
The results of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 2 show that the moisture absorption and permeability of the fabric are obviously improved by adding the modified chitosan oligosaccharide, probably because the chitosan oligosaccharide is modified, the epoxy group reacts with the amino group and the hydroxyl group on the chitosan oligosaccharide molecule, organic molecules are introduced on the chitosan oligosaccharide molecule, the amino group and the hydroxyl group of the chitosan oligosaccharide molecule easily form hydrogen bonds, after modification, part of the hydrogen bonds of the chitosan oligosaccharide molecule are damaged, the number of the combined free hydrophilic groups is greatly increased, the hydrophilicity of the chitosan oligosaccharide is increased, and the hydrophilic groups are grafted on the fabric through plasma treatment to enhance the moisture absorption and permeability.
Test example 2
Test standards reference the Master thesis (elasticity study of spandex warp-knitted fabrics, authors: wang Nan, university of south of the Yangtze river, 2014), using ASTM D4964-2008 "Spandex elastic fabrics elasticity test standards", test indexes: elastic elongation and elastic recovery at 20 pounds of tension, tensile values at 30%, 50%, 70% elongation. Testing an instrument: the James Heal Titan universal strength tester (CRE type constant speed elongation type strength tester) has the gauge length of 250 +/-1 mm and the stretching speed of 500mm/min.
The testing steps are as follows:
1. all samples should be tested in a standard environment (temperature 21. + -. 1 ℃ C., relative humidity 65. + -. 2%).
2. The elastic elongation and recovery at 20Lbs were tested: after pulling the fabric to a force of 20Lbs at a speed of 500mm/min, the stretching force is reduced at this speed until it reaches 0. The above procedure was repeated twice and the elongation of the third test was recorded. The elastic recovery rate can be directly read from the graph. 3 pieces of strips with the specification of 100mm multiplied by 350mm are respectively cut from each sample in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the average value is taken after the respective tests.
3. The tensile values at 30%, 50%, 70% elongation were tested: the fabric is pulled to 30% (50%, 70%) elongation at a speed of 500mm/min and returned to the starting position at the specified speed, which is repeated two more times. The tensile value of the third test was recorded. Each sample was cut into 3 strips of 100mm X350 mm in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the average value was obtained after the respective tests.
The elasticity test data obtained for the different samples according to the test method described above are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Fabric elasticity test
As can be seen from the elasticity test data of the fabric, the fabric in the embodiment has three important elasticity indexes of excellent elastic elongation, elastic recovery and elastic modulus.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of an ultrathin and super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing yarns: using moisture-conducting fiber as an outer covering material, using spandex multifilament as a core wire, and adopting core-spun yarn to spin elastic core-spun yarn with the yarn density of 10-150 tex;
step 2, preparing the fabric: weaving Cheng Luo texture fabric grey cloth by the elastic core-spun yarn spun in the step 1;
step 3, preparation of finishing liquor: the parts are all parts by weight, 1-5 parts of nano crystalline cellulose and 0.1-1 part of sodium hydroxide are mixed and ground for 5-10 minutes at room temperature; then adding 50-80 parts of water and 1-5 parts of glyceryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, reacting for 2-6 h at 65 ℃, and stirring once every 10-20 min; precipitating the reactant by 70-100 parts of 95wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and extracting the precipitate after centrifugation; adding 1-2 parts of precipitate into 10-20 parts of modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution, adding 0.1-5.0 parts of penetrant and 80-120 parts of water, mixing, and stirring at 100-300 r/min for 20-30 minutes to obtain finishing liquid;
and 4, plasma treatment: dipping the fabric in finishing liquid for 20-30 minutes at the dipping temperature of 20-30 ℃ and the bath ratio of 1:5-10g/ml, and then padding to obtain the fabric treated by the finishing liquid; drying the fabric treated by the finishing liquid at 70-80 ℃ for 3-8 minutes, and treating in low-temperature plasma gas; then drying the fabric for 10-15 minutes at 70-80 ℃ to obtain the ultrathin super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric;
the preparation method of the modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution comprises the following steps of:
s1, adding 50-150 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide into a container protected by nitrogen to dissolve 1-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide and 10-20 parts of phthalic anhydride, stirring for 4-8 hours at 100-150 ℃, precipitating and filtering with excessive ethanol, and performing vacuum drying on a filtered substance to obtain 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide;
s2, mixing 20-80 parts of pyridine and 20-80 parts of DMF to prepare a mixed solution, adding 1-5 parts of 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide into the mixed solution, and stirring for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ to fully expand the 2-phthaloyl chitosan oligosaccharide; then adding 20-80 parts of paratoluensulfonyl chloride, stirring the mixture at 20-40 ℃ for 20-30 h, adding 20-80 parts of hydrazine hydrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.5% -3% for reaction, heating the temperature to 60-100 ℃, and reacting for 5-10 h; finally, adding 20-80 parts of ethanol into the reaction mixture, filtering and washing the generated precipitate to be neutral, and performing vacuum drying to obtain modified chitosan oligosaccharide;
s3, adding 1-5 parts of modified chitosan oligosaccharide into 50-80 parts of water, adding 10-50 parts of ethanol, and stirring at 100-300 rpm for 10-20 minutes to obtain a modified chitosan oligosaccharide solution.
2. The preparation method of the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the moisture-conducting fiber is made by mixing one or more than one of Coolmax fiber, tricactor fiber, sophista fiber, bamboo fiber, coolplus fiber, WELLKEY fiber and Sweatsensor microporous four-leaf section polyester fiber.
3. The preparation method of the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the penetrating agent is one or a mixture of more than one of sodium sulfosuccinate, alkylphenol ethoxylates and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
4. The preparation method of the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the low-temperature plasma gas is helium, argon, oxygen, nitrogen and CH 4 、C 2 H 2 One kind of (1).
5. The preparation method of the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the padding adopts one-padding-one-soaking, and the rolling residual rate is 65-75%.
6. The preparation method of the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the working pressure of the low-temperature plasma is 20-30 Pa.
7. The preparation method of the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the low-temperature plasma discharge power is 60-100W.
8. The preparation method of the ultrathin and ultra-elastic sweat-discharging fabric according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the low-temperature plasma treatment time is 2-10 minutes.
9. The utility model provides an ultra-thin super elasticity perspire surface fabric which characterized in that: the ultra-thin super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric is prepared by the preparation method of the ultra-thin super-elastic sweat-discharging fabric as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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