CN113403133A - Method for recycling waste lubricating oil - Google Patents
Method for recycling waste lubricating oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113403133A CN113403133A CN202110586833.0A CN202110586833A CN113403133A CN 113403133 A CN113403133 A CN 113403133A CN 202110586833 A CN202110586833 A CN 202110586833A CN 113403133 A CN113403133 A CN 113403133A
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- lubricating oil
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- oil
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005199 ultracentrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010723 turbine oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010725 compressor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZUFHPKKNHSAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[S] Chemical class [N].[P].[S] BFZUFHPKKNHSAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0016—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning with the use of chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0008—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning with the use of adsorbentia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0025—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0058—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by filtration and centrifugation processes; apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0083—Lubricating greases
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recycling waste lubricating oil, which comprises the following steps: recovering and collecting the waste lubricating oil, and filtering and removing impurities from the recovered and collected waste lubricating oil to obtain impurity-removed lubricating oil; detecting and heating the impurity-removed lubricating oil, conveying the heated lubricating oil to a reaction kettle, and adding a medicament into the reaction kettle for flocculation treatment to obtain a flocculation mixture; centrifuging the flocculated mixture to remove precipitates to obtain primary separation lubricating oil; and performing heat exchange on the primary separated lubricating oil, and performing demulsification separation and adsorption to obtain the lubricating oil base oil. The method for recycling the waste lubricating oil provided by the invention thoroughly removes harmful components in the lubricating oil by a combined treatment mode of filtering, impurity removal, monitoring, heating, medicament addition, centrifugal separation, heat exchange recovery, demulsification and adsorption, and recovers the activity and function of the lubricating oil to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste lubricating oil treatment, in particular to a waste lubricating oil recycling method.
Background
The usage of lubricating oil is getting bigger and bigger, and with the rapid development of the automobile industry, the electric power industry, the mechanical industry and the like, according to the related data, the yield of the waste lubricating oil is increased by 10% every year, and the main ways of treating the waste lubricating oil in various countries are as follows: direct discharge, road oiling, incineration, regeneration and recycling. The waste oil is discarded and discharged because the waste oil contains heavy metals and sulfur-phosphorus-nitrogen compounds, which pollute soil and water, and the waste oil can generate a large amount of toxic and harmful waste gas and smoke dust after being burnt, so that the harm to the environment can be reduced and the requirement on lubricating oil can be met to a certain extent only through recycling.
The used lubricating oil is mainly used by direct cracking or fuel oil combustion, and the recycling rate is lower than 10%. With the gradual improvement of the policy of environmental protection and renewable resource utilization and the continuous enhancement of the awareness of comprehensive and efficient utilization of environmental protection resources, the traditional acid treatment process is gradually replaced, and the problems of high investment, complex operation process, limited hydrogen source and the like still exist in spite of good hydrogenation effect, so that an environmentally-friendly waste lubricating oil regeneration way with flexible operation, high recovery rate, low cost and the like is urgently needed by the society.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a method for recycling waste lubricating oil.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the embodiment provides a method for recycling waste lubricating oil, which comprises the following steps:
recovering and collecting the waste lubricating oil, and filtering and removing impurities from the recovered and collected waste lubricating oil to obtain impurity-removed lubricating oil;
detecting and heating the impurity-removed lubricating oil, conveying the heated lubricating oil to a reaction kettle, and adding a medicament into the reaction kettle for flocculation treatment to obtain a flocculation mixture;
centrifuging the flocculated mixture to remove precipitates to obtain primary separation lubricating oil;
and performing heat exchange on the primary separated lubricating oil, and performing demulsification separation and adsorption to obtain the lubricating oil base oil.
In one embodiment of the invention, a filter screen of the filter is 300-600 meshes in the filter for filtering and removing impurities.
In one embodiment of the invention, the heating temperature is 45 ℃ to 85 ℃.
In one embodiment of the invention, the agent comprises a flocculating agent and an acid number neutralizer;
the flocculating agent is one or more of polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyaluminum chloride, chitosan and sodium silicate;
the acid value neutralizing agent is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or organic alkali.
In one embodiment of the invention, the detection is carried out by removing impurities from lubricating oil by using an oil acidity value sensor and a pollution particle sensor;
the addition amount of the medicament is as follows:
the adding amount of the medicament is (waste lubricating oil amount multiplied by oil acidity value)/56.1 multiplied by medicament molecular weight multiplied by alpha,
wherein the unit of the waste lubricating oil is L; if the medicament is strong alkali alpha, the value is 0.8-1.2, and if the medicament is weak alkali alpha, the value is 1.2-2.
In one embodiment of the invention, the centrifugal process adopts a butterfly centrifuge, the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 2000-16000 r/min, and the time is 1-5 min.
In one embodiment of the invention, the demulsification separation is performed by one or more of ultracentrifugation, ultrasonic waves or microwaves.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption is performed by using one or more adsorbents selected from activated carbon, molecular sieve and silica gel.
The invention has the following advantages:
the method for recycling the waste lubricating oil thoroughly removes harmful components in the lubricating oil by a combined treatment mode of filtering, impurity removal, monitoring, heating, medicament addition, centrifugal separation, heat exchange recovery, demulsification and adsorption, can recover the activity and the function of the lubricating oil to the maximum extent, can reuse the obtained lubricating oil, and reasonably utilizes heat energy in the process to reduce the whole process energy.
The method of the invention assists the automatic leveling of the vehicle and the automatic leveling double-balance system of the chassis of the centrifuge to ensure the normal and over-stable use of the centrifuge and other equipment, so as to process single waste lubricating oil and enable enterprises to reuse the waste lubricating oil. Meanwhile, the device for recovering the waste lubricating oil can be concentrated on the vehicle to form a vehicle-mounted processing device, one set of device can serve a plurality of factories, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the operating cost of enterprises is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for recovering used lubricating oil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a prying box of the device for recovering used lubricating oil according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a comparison graph of the used air compressor oil before and after treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a is the used air compressor oil before treatment, and B is the used air compressor oil after treatment;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of a pre-treatment and post-treatment used turbine oil provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein A is the used turbine oil before treatment and B is the used turbine oil after treatment;
FIG. 6 is a comparison of before and after treatment of waste rolling oil according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein A is the waste rolling oil before treatment, and B is the waste rolling oil after treatment;
100-vehicle; 120-rear frame; 130-hydraulic support legs; 200-prying and boxing; 210-a filter; 211-back flushing; 212-inlet; 213-an outlet; 214-a slag discharge port; 215-a filtration column; 220-a heat exchanger; 230-a heater; 240-centrifuge; 250-high speed centrifugal demulsifying machine; 260-a reaction kettle; 270-adsorption means.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for recovering waste lubricating oil, the apparatus includes a vehicle 100, and a prying box 200 loaded on a rear frame 120 of the vehicle 100, a hydraulic support leg 130 is provided at a rear end of the rear frame 120, the hydraulic support leg 130 is used for supporting the prying box 200, a level gauge is further installed on the frame, and the hydraulic support leg 130 can be adjusted according to the level gauge.
The prying box 200 is internally provided with a filter 210, a reaction kettle 260, a heater 230, a heat exchanger 220, a centrifuge 240, a high-speed centrifugal demulsifying machine 250, an adsorption device 270, an oil acidity value sensor, a pollution particle sensor and a conveying pump for conveying and treating waste lubricating oil.
The filter 210 is connected with the reaction kettle 260 through the heat exchanger 220, the heating exchanger 220 is connected with the heating device, the reaction kettle 260 is connected with the centrifuge 240, the centrifuge 240 is connected with the high-speed demulsifier, and the high-speed demulsifier is connected with the adsorption device 270.
As shown in fig. 3, the filter 210 is a blowback type filter 210, a filter column 215 is arranged in the filter 210, an inlet 212, an outlet 213, a blowback port 211 and a slag discharge port 214 are respectively arranged on the filter 210, the waste lubricating oil entering the filter 210 through the inlet 212 is filtered by the filter column 215 and then discharged through the outlet 213, and the filtered waste slag is discharged through the slag discharge port 214.
The waste lubricating oil enters the filter 210, the waste lubricating oil filtered by the filter 210 enters the heat exchanger 220 through hot water heated by the heater 230, exchanges heat with the waste lubricating oil passing through the heat exchanger 220 to heat the waste lubricating oil, the heated waste lubricating oil enters the reaction kettle 260 to perform chemical reaction, the waste lubricating oil after reaction treatment sequentially passes through the centrifuge 240 and the high-speed centrifugal demulsifying machine 250 to enter the adsorption device 270, and the lubricating oil after adsorption treatment by the adsorption device 270 can enter the storage device to be stored. Or directly to the equipment for normal use.
In addition, an oil acidity value sensor and a pollution particle sensor (not shown in the figure) are arranged on a connecting pipeline between the devices and used for detecting parameters such as viscosity, chromaticity, dielectric constant, oil acidity value and the like of the lubricating oil, and then the impurity-removed lubricating oil is heated, so that the viscosity of the lubricating oil is reduced, and the settleability of the lubricating oil is improved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for recycling waste lubricating oil, which comprises the following steps:
step one, waste lubricating oil treatment preparation
After the device for recovering waste lubricating oil of the embodiment 1 is transported to a treatment place, the prying and packing supporting legs are put down and supported, and meanwhile, the prying and packing is supported by the hydraulic supporting legs. And connecting the vehicle-mounted hydropower quick connection device to a device corresponding to a user. The level gauge is started, the box is prized and boxed according to the level gauge and automatic leveling, the hydraulic supporting legs at the bottom of the prizing box are adjusted according to the reference level gauge, and the hydraulic supporting legs are locked after the adjustment is completed. The stable operation of equipment in the skid-mounted box, such as a stirrer, a pump and the like in a reaction kettle, can be ensured, the stability of the equipment can be increased to prolong the service life, and the occurrence rate of small faults can be avoided; the centrifugal machine base is started and automatically leveled according to the level meter, the centrifugal machine base is adjusted according to the reference level meter, and after the adjustment is completed, the hydraulic supporting legs are locked, so that the centrifugal machine is ensured to have a good working environment, the limitation of an inclination angle is avoided in the high-speed operation process, and the equipment damage is avoided.
Step two, filtering and removing impurities from the waste lubricating oil
Conveying the waste lubricating oil into a skid-mounted box, and after the lubricating oil enters the skid-mounted box, mechanically filtering and removing impurities to remove hard objects such as mechanical iron pins and the like to obtain the impurity-removed lubricating oil. Wherein, be equipped with in the filter that the edulcoration of filtration adopted with 300 ~ 600 mesh stainless steel filter screens, the filter has the blowback function to reduce later stage manual maintenance expense, simultaneously, at the in-process of old and useless lubricating oil processing, need detect filter both ends pressure differential, when pressure differential change and initial set value increase more than 70%, just carry out the blowback, the blowback time is about 3 ~ 15 s. According to the practical situation, the filter can be set to be 1-5 levels, and the level can not exceed 5 levels, so that the pressure drop is avoided to a large extent. The filtering and impurity removing steps have the following functions: large and large particles are brought into the primarily cleaned lubricating oil due to mechanical abrasion or other reasons, so that the normal operation of subsequent work is ensured; and when the waste lubricating oil after impurity removal is subjected to high-speed rotation centrifugation in subsequent centrifuge equipment, the excessive abrasion of the excessive particles in the lubricating oil on the cavity of the centrifuge equipment is avoided.
Step three, impurity-removed lubricating oil flocculation
The impurity-removed lubricating oil passes through an online monitoring device in the pipeline, the viscosity, the chromaticity, the dielectric constant, the oleic acid value and other parameters of the lubricating oil are detected, and then the impurity-removed lubricating oil is heated, so that the viscosity of the impurity-removed lubricating oil is reduced, and the settleability of the impurity-removed lubricating oil is increased. And transferring the heated impurity-removed lubricating oil to a reaction kettle, adding agents such as an oleic acid neutralizing agent, a flocculating agent, a demulsifier and the like, and reacting to obtain a flocculation mixture.
The lubricating oil is electrically heated by adopting a heater, in the electrical heating process, because the whole prying and packing box is small and compact, the waste lubricating oil can not stay for too long time in each link, the stay time of each link is reduced in order to increase the reaction rate, the lowest temperature of electrical heating is controlled to be not less than 45 ℃, the highest temperature is controlled to be not higher than 85 ℃, and the problems that the temperature of the lubricating oil is too low, the viscosity of the heat conduction oil is high, the lubricating oil is not easy to be fused with a later-stage additive, and the additive in most heat conduction oil with too high temperature is oxidized are solved.
The added medicaments comprise two types of flocculants and acid value neutralizers, wherein the flocculants comprise one or more of common medicaments such as polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyaluminum chloride, chitosan, sodium silicate and the like; the acid value neutralizing agent comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or organic alkali. Wherein the flocculant addition was as shown in table 1.
Before the agent is added into the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil needs to be subjected to on-line monitoring or sampling detection of an oil acidity value and a pollution particle sensor (or dielectric constant) so as to determine the addition amount of the medicine.
TABLE 1
Wherein, the adding amount of the acid value neutralizing agent is calculated according to the following formula:
the dosage of the medicament is (waste lubricating oil quantity x oil acidity value)/56.1 x the molecular weight of the medicament x alpha
Wherein the unit of the waste lubricating oil is L; alpha is 0.8-1.2 of strong base and 1.2-2 of weak base. After the agent is added, stirring for 3-20 min at a speed of 50-500 r/min, and standing for 0-3 min to obtain a flocculation mixture.
Step four, centrifugal separation
Transferring the flocculated mixture into a centrifugal device for solid-liquid separation, recovering solid-phase precipitates, transferring a water phase into a water treatment device, performing heat exchange on primary separated lubricating oil obtained by separation and waste lubricating oil to be heated, then transferring the primary separated lubricating oil into a high-speed demulsification centrifugal device for demulsification separation to obtain the water phase and treating the water phase at the last time together, wherein the demulsification separation can be one or more of ultracentrifugation, ultrasonic waves or microwaves, the ultracentrifuge selects a centrifuge with a rotating speed of over 12000r/min, the ultrasonic waves select a microwave generator with a frequency of more than 20KHz, and the microwaves select the power of 2.5-17.5 w/g of oil. And conveying the lubricating oil subjected to high-speed demulsification and separation into an adsorption device, adsorbing deteriorated components in the lubricating oil by using adsorption media such as activated carbon, molecular sieves, silica gel and the like, removing substances subjected to oxidative deterioration to obtain qualified lubricating oil base oil, and supplying the qualified lubricating oil base oil to enterprises for continuous use.
In the step, the waste lubricating oil to be treated which is newly introduced into the system is heated by utilizing the heat of the waste lubricating oil which is primarily purified, and the heating is carried out through a heater and a heat exchanger, so that the energy circulation can be realized, and the energy consumption of the whole system is reduced in turn; meanwhile, the temperature of the treated waste lubricating oil is reduced to be below 40 ℃ so as to ensure that the demulsification separation and adsorption processes of the treated waste lubricating oil are successfully completed.
Wherein, among the centrifugal processing process, can set up 1 ~ 3 level centrifuge according to actual conditions and handle in proper order, the preferred, the centrifuge that adopts can be butterfly centrifuge, also can be for tubular centrifuge, in order to guarantee the continuity operation, needs set up first order centrifuge into high-speed butterfly centrifuge. If the type is selected to be a butterfly centrifuge, a three-phase (light liquid, heavy liquid and solid phase) outlet type is selected, the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 2000-16000 r/min, the centrifugation time is 1-5 min, and a small amount of waste generated by the centrifuge is treated according to relevant national standards.
The wastes generated in the steps are discharged after being treated by the biological filter tower to reach the standard, the whole process flow forms a closed loop, and the problem of secondary pollution is solved.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for recycling waste lubricating oil of an air compressor in a diamond production enterprise, which comprises the following steps:
in this example, the particle size (solid content) of the used lubricating oil was 2.24%, the total acidity was 3.45mg KOH/g, the water content was 2%, and the treatment amount of the used lubricating oil was 1.5 t/h.
Step one, filtering and impurity removing are carried out on waste lubricating oil
The filter adopts two-stage stainless steel filter screens of 300 meshes and 600 meshes, meanwhile, pressure difference monitors are arranged at two ends of filter screen equipment, when the pressure difference changes and is increased by more than 70% from an initial set value, back flushing is carried out, the back flushing time is about 10s, and impurity-removed lubricating oil is obtained.
Step two, impurity-removed lubricating oil flocculation
The monitoring adopts an on-line oil acidity value sensor and a pollution particle sensor to monitor the impurity-removed lubricating oil, and the impurity-removed lubricating oil is electrically heated, wherein the electric heating is controlled at 80 ℃. The adding agent is divided into a flocculating agent and an acid value neutralizing agent, the flocculating agent is chitosan, and the acid value neutralizing agent is sodium hydroxide. Wherein the addition amount of the flocculating agent is 0.13 percent, the addition amount of the acid value neutralizing agent is 2.45g/L, the adding amount of the agent is 200r/min after the agent is added, the stirring is carried out for 5min, and then the standing is carried out for 1min, so as to obtain a flocculating mixture.
Step three, centrifugal separation
Removing impurities from the flocculated mixture obtained in the second step by a first-stage butterfly centrifuge, wherein the rotation speed of the centrifuge is 4000r/min, the three-phase outlet is realized, the retention time is 1.5min, and the obtained primary separated lubricating oil passes through the heat exchange area of 300m2And after heat exchange is carried out by the stainless steel plate type heat exchanger, ultrasonic demulsification is carried out, a microwave generator with the frequency of 40KHz is selected by ultrasonic waves, demulsification separation is carried out, then adsorption is carried out by an adsorption medium molecular sieve in an adsorption device, and the retention time is 3min, so that qualified lubricating oil base oil is obtained.
The effect of the qualified lubricant base oil obtained in this example is shown in FIG. 4, where the lubricant particle size (solid content) was not detected, the total acidity was 0.02mg KOH/g, and the water content was 0.03%.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for treating, regenerating and recycling waste turbine oil of a steam turbine of an enterprise, which comprises the following steps of:
in this example, the lubricating oil had a particle size (solid content) of 1.52%, a total acidity of 4.55mg KOH/g, a water content of 5%, and a treated amount of 1.5t/h of used lubricating oil.
Step one, filtering and impurity removing are carried out on waste lubricating oil
The filter selects two-stage stainless steel filter screen equipment of 300 meshes and 600 meshes, meanwhile, pressure difference monitors are arranged at two ends of the filter screen equipment, when the pressure difference changes and is increased by more than 70% from an initial set value, back flushing is carried out, the back flushing time is about 10s, and impurity-removing lubricating oil is obtained.
Step two, impurity-removed lubricating oil flocculation
The monitoring adopts an on-line oil acidity value sensor and a pollution particle sensor to monitor the impurity-removed lubricating oil, and the impurity-removed lubricating oil is electrically heated, wherein the electric heating is controlled at 70 ℃. The adding agent is divided into two types of flocculant and acid value neutralizer, wherein the flocculant is polyaluminum ferric chloride, and the acid value neutralizer is sodium hydroxide. Wherein the addition amount of the flocculating agent is selected to be 0.5%, the addition amount of the acid value neutralizing agent is 3.23g/L, the adding amount of the agent is 500r/min after the agent is added, the stirring is carried out for 15min, and then the standing is carried out for 0min, so as to obtain a flocculating mixture.
Step three, centrifugal separation
Removing impurities from the flocculated mixture obtained in the second step by a first-stage butterfly centrifuge, wherein the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 2000r/min, the three-phase outlet is provided, the retention time is 3min, the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 4000r/min, the three-phase outlet is provided in the second stage, the retention time is 1min, and the obtained primary separated lubricating oil passes through a heat exchange area of 300m2After heat exchange is carried out by the stainless steel plate type heat exchanger, ultrasonic demulsification is carried out, a microwave generator with the frequency of 40KHz is selected as ultrasonic waves, a microwave generator with the power of 2.5w/g oil is selected as microwaves, separation is carried out by a high-speed centrifugal demulsification machine, adsorption is carried out by adsorption medium active carbon in an adsorption device, and the retention time is 3min, so that qualified lubricating oil base oil is obtained.
The effect of the qualified lubricating base oil obtained in this example is shown in FIG. 5, where the lubricating oil has no detectable particle size (solid content), total acidity of 0.01mgKOH/g, and water content of 0.05%.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for treating, regenerating and recycling waste rolling oil of an aluminum product enterprise, which comprises the following steps:
in this example, the lubricating oil had a particle size (solid content) of 5.5%, a total acidity of 1.49mg KOH/g, a water content of 3%, and a waste lubricating oil treatment capacity of 1.5 t/h.
Step one, filtering and impurity removing are carried out on waste lubricating oil
The filter selects two-stage stainless steel filter screen equipment of 300 meshes and 600 meshes, meanwhile, pressure difference monitors are arranged at two ends of the filter screen equipment, when the pressure difference changes and is increased by more than 70% from an initial set value, back flushing is carried out, and the back flushing time is about 7s, so that impurity-removed lubricating oil is obtained.
Step two, impurity-removed lubricating oil flocculation
The monitoring adopts an on-line oil acidity value sensor and a pollution particle sensor to monitor the impurity-removed lubricating oil, and a heater is used for electrically heating the impurity-removed lubricating oil, wherein the electric heating is controlled at 60 ℃. The adding agent is divided into two types of flocculant and acid value neutralizer, the flocculant is sodium silicate, and the acid value neutralizer is calcium hydroxide. Wherein the addition amount of the flocculating agent is selected to be 1.5 percent, the addition amount of the acid value neutralizing agent is 1.9g/L, the adding amount of the agent is 300r/min after the agent is added, the stirring is carried out for 5min, and then the standing is carried out for 2min, so as to obtain a flocculating mixture.
Step three, centrifugal separation
Removing impurities from the flocculated mixture obtained in the second step by a first-stage butterfly centrifuge, wherein the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 2000r/min, the three-phase outlet is provided, the retention time is 3min, the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 4000r/min, the three-phase outlet is provided in the second stage, the retention time is 1min, and the obtained primary separated lubricating oil passes through a heat exchange area of 200m2After heat exchange is carried out on the stainless steel plate type heat exchanger, a microwave generator with the power of 3.5w/g oil is selected for the microwave and is centrifuged by an ultracentrifugation demulsifying machine, a 16000r/min tubular centrifuge is selected for ultracentrifugation, the lubricating oil after demulsification and separation is adsorbed by an adsorption medium silica gel of an adsorption device for 3min, and qualified lubricating oil base oil is obtained.
The effect of the qualified lubricant base oil obtained in this example is shown in FIG. 6, where the lubricant particle size (solid content) was not detected, the total acidity was 0.01mg KOH/g, and the water content was 0.03%.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. A method for recycling waste lubricating oil, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
recovering and collecting the waste lubricating oil, and filtering and removing impurities from the recovered and collected waste lubricating oil to obtain impurity-removed lubricating oil;
detecting and heating the impurity-removed lubricating oil, conveying the heated lubricating oil to a reaction kettle, and adding a medicament into the reaction kettle for flocculation treatment to obtain a flocculation mixture;
centrifuging the flocculated mixture to remove precipitates to obtain primary separation lubricating oil;
and performing heat exchange on the primary separated lubricating oil, and performing demulsification separation and adsorption to obtain the lubricating oil base oil.
2. The method for recycling used lubricating oil according to claim 1,
in the filter for filtering and impurity removing, a filter screen is 300-600 meshes.
3. The method for recycling used lubricating oil according to claim 1,
the heating temperature is 45-85 ℃.
4. The method for recycling used lubricating oil according to claim 1,
the medicament comprises a flocculating agent and an acid value neutralizer;
the flocculating agent is one or more of polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyaluminum chloride, chitosan and sodium silicate;
the acid value neutralizing agent is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or organic alkali.
5. The method for recycling used lubricating oil according to claim 1,
the detection is carried out by removing impurities from the lubricating oil by using an oil acidity value sensor and a pollution particle sensor;
the addition amount of the medicament is as follows:
the adding amount of the medicament is (waste lubricating oil amount multiplied by oil acidity value)/56.1 multiplied by medicament molecular weight multiplied by alpha,
wherein the unit of the waste lubricating oil is L; if the medicament is strong alkali alpha, the value is 0.8-1.2, and if the medicament is weak alkali alpha, the value is 1.2-2.
6. The method for recycling used lubricating oil according to claim 5,
the centrifugal process adopts a butterfly centrifuge, the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 2000-16000 r/min, and the time is 1-5 min.
7. The method for recycling used lubricating oil according to claim 1,
the demulsification separation adopts one or more of ultracentrifugation, ultrasonic waves or microwaves.
8. The method for recycling used lubricating oil according to claim 1,
the adsorption is carried out by adopting one or more adsorbents of active carbon, molecular sieve and silica gel.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114772813A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-22 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Solid-liquid separation method based on bearing cleaning oil stain waste liquid and application |
| CN115537261A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-30 | 郑州市欧普士科技有限公司 | Device and method for recovering lubricating oil and removing impurities |
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