CN113401922B - Skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace - Google Patents

Skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113401922B
CN113401922B CN202110830228.3A CN202110830228A CN113401922B CN 113401922 B CN113401922 B CN 113401922B CN 202110830228 A CN202110830228 A CN 202110830228A CN 113401922 B CN113401922 B CN 113401922B
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section
diameter
variable
main body
spray gun
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CN113401922A (en
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仲兆平
潘小天
彭代军
张杉
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Beijing Yuexin Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Yuexin Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01CAMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/08Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances
    • C01C1/086Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances from urea
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56Nitrogen oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00Reactants
    • B01D2251/20Reductants
    • B01D2251/206Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2062Ammonia

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace, which belongs to the technical field of low-flow urea pyrolysis and comprises the following components: the device comprises an inlet section, a divergent section, a main body section, a convergent section and an outlet section which are transversely communicated, and a variable-diameter porous plate, a spray gun and a water-float type guide plate which are arranged in the main body section; the diameter-variable porous plate is a circular plate which is vertically arranged, the edge of the diameter-variable porous plate is connected to the inner wall of the main body section, which is close to the divergent section, a plurality of rows of circular holes with different apertures are distributed on the diameter-variable porous plate, and the apertures of the circular holes are sequentially increased from top to bottom; the spray gun is positioned at one side of the relatively variable-diameter porous plate close to the contraction section, and the nozzle is positioned on the axis of the main body section and faces the air outlet; the water float type guide plate is fixed on one side of the spray gun, which is far away from the variable-diameter porous plate, and is of a transverse wedge-shaped structure, one end, which is close to the spray gun, is a head part, one end, which is far away from the spray gun, is a tail part, and the tail part is higher than the head part to form a slope. The pyrolysis furnace is small in size, can be conveniently applied, and solves the demand of small-flow urea pyrolysis.

Description

Skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of low-flow urea pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis reactor and a flow guiding device thereof.
Background
The existing SCR and SNCR denitration processes adopt three denitration reducing agents, namely liquid ammonia, ammonia water and urea, wherein the denitration efficiency of the liquid ammonia is highest, the raw materials are widely available and low in price, but the liquid ammonia has the characteristic of inflammability and explosiveness, is a dangerous chemical, and has strict requirements on transportation, storage and use; ammonia water is lower in efficiency than liquid ammonia as a denitration agent, transportation, storage and management are lower than liquid ammonia, meanwhile, safety problems exist, and the consumption and transportation cost are too high; however, the urea is a granular agricultural fertilizer, is safe and harmless, and is preferably used as a reducing agent in denitration scenes in large and medium cities and suburban areas.
The existing urea pyrolysis device is mainly applied to large-scale application fields such as power plants, garbage incineration plants and the like, but is not fully paid attention to in small-scale application (such as small boilers, diesel vehicles and the like). The existing large urea pyrolysis furnace has larger size and large occupied space, and is not beneficial to small-scale application.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace which adopts a horizontal type, has a small size and can be conveniently applied to solve the problem of low-flow urea pyrolysis.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:
a skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace, comprising: the device comprises an inlet section, a divergent section, a main body section, a convergent section and an outlet section which are transversely communicated, and a variable-diameter porous plate, a spray gun and a water-float type guide plate which are arranged in the main body section; the diameter of the main body section is larger than that of the inlet section and the outlet section, and the diverging section and the contracting section are hollow round tables; one end of the inlet section is an air inlet; the small bottom surface of the gradually-expanding section is connected with the other end of the inlet section, and the large bottom surface of the gradually-expanding section is connected with one end of the main body section; the large bottom surface of the contraction section is connected with the other end of the main body section, and the small bottom surface is connected with one end of the outlet section; the other end of the outlet section is an air outlet; the diameter-variable porous plate is a circular plate which is vertically arranged, the edge of the diameter-variable porous plate is connected to the inner wall of the main body section, which is close to the divergent section, a plurality of rows of circular holes with different apertures are distributed on the diameter-variable porous plate, and the apertures of the circular holes are sequentially increased from top to bottom; the spray gun is positioned at one side of the relatively variable-diameter porous plate close to the contraction section, and the nozzle is positioned on the axis of the main body section and faces the air outlet; the water float type guide plate is fixed on one side of the spray gun, which is far away from the variable-diameter porous plate, and is of a transverse wedge-shaped structure, one end, which is close to the spray gun, is a head part, one end, which is far away from the spray gun, is a tail part, and the tail part is higher than the head part to form a slope.
Further, the arrangement position of the spray gun is 300-500mm away from the joint of the main body section and the divergent section, the interval between the variable-diameter porous plate and the spray gun is 150-250mm, and the head of the guide plate is 300-500mm away from the spray gun.
Further, the multiple rows of round holes of the variable-diameter perforated plate are arranged according to horizontal rows and vertical columns, and the aperture of each row of round holes is increased in an equal-difference sequence from top to bottom, and the tolerance range is 2-4mm.
Further, the diameter-variable porous plate had 69 circular holes in total of 9 rows and 9 columns, and the center-to-center spacing of each row of circular holes was 40mm.
Further, the diameter (diameter max) of the round hole of the lowest row of the variable diameter porous plate was 36mm.
Further, the water-float type guide plate is connected with the bottom of the inner wall of the main body section, and the length of the water-float type guide plate is 600-800mm.
Further, the height of the tail part of the water-float type guide plate relative to the head part is 40-60mm.
The skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace has the beneficial effects that: hot air enters from an air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace and enters the pyrolysis furnace through the diameter-changing porous plate, 9 rows of round holes are formed in the diameter-changing porous plate from bottom to top, the diameters of the round holes are in an arithmetic progression, and the tolerance range is 2-4mm. When the hot air passes through the variable diameter porous plate, the gas flow rate changes, so that the gas flow rate of the lower half part of the main body section is high, and the gas flow rate of the upper half part of the main body section is low. Therefore, the influence of gravity on the urea solution can be effectively relieved, and the risk of sticking the wall of liquid particles sprayed by the spray gun can be avoided. In order to prevent the insufficient gas flow rate of the second half of the main body section, a water-float type guide plate with the height of 40-60mm and the length of 600-800mm is arranged at the position 300-500mm away from the spray gun. After the hot air passes through the guide plate, the air rises along the guide plate at a certain angle (4-6 degrees) and has a certain shrinkage effect on the lower half part of the urea solution, so that the urea solution is prevented from being stained with the wall. According to the skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace, urea solution particles are uniformly distributed in the pyrolysis furnace through the matching and combination of the diameter-variable porous plate and the water-float type guide plate, on one hand, hot air forms high-speed air flow at the lower half part of the main body section, so that urea liquid drops are not easy to adhere to the furnace wall after being sprayed into the furnace body, and crystallization is avoided. On the other hand, the guide plate has the lifting effect on the airflow at the lower half part of the main body section, so that the tail ends of urea solution particles can be contracted, and urea solution is uniformly distributed on the whole main body section. In general, the utility model effectively solves the problem that urea solution is adhered to the furnace wall to crystallize due to the influence of gravity in the urea pyrolysis process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments and technical solutions of the present utility model, the three drawings are provided to explain the principles thereof, and the following description will be given for simplicity.
The drawings in the present utility model are only schematic, and the structures, sizes, etc. drawn in the drawings are only used for being interpreted in cooperation with the description, and do not constitute undue limitations on the present utility model, so any modification of structures, change of proportional relationships, and adjustment of sizes fall within the protection scope included in the present utility model under the condition that the functions and the achieved objects generated by the present utility model are similar.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pyrolysis furnace embodying the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of a variable diameter perforated plate in the pyrolysis furnace shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a detailed view of the water-float deflector in the pyrolysis furnace shown in fig. 1.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-an inlet section; 2-a divergent section; 3-a variable diameter multi-well plate; 4-a spray gun; 5-a water-float type guide plate; 6-a body section; 7-constriction section, 8-outlet section.
Detailed Description
The following description of embodiments of the utility model will be given by way of specific examples to provide a clearer understanding of the arrangement of the utility model and its advantages by referring to the present description. The examples described below are some, but not all, examples of the present utility model, and modifications, changes in the proportional relationships, and adjustments in the size of other structures made based on the examples fall within the scope of the present utility model under the same circumstances as the effects and objectives achieved by the present utility model.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a urea pyrolysis furnace according to the present utility model; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a variable diameter perforated plate of the pyrolysis furnace shown in FIG. 1; fig. 3 is a schematic view of a deflector of the pyrolysis furnace shown in fig. 1.
In one embodiment, the urea pyrolysis furnace provided by the utility model comprises an inlet section 1, a divergent section device 2, a variable diameter porous plate 3, a spray gun 4, a water-float deflector 5, a main body section 6, a contraction section 7 and an outlet section 8.
Specifically, the inlet section 1 is cylindrical, has a diameter of 100mm and a length of 300mm; the divergent section 2 is in a hollow truncated cone shape, the diameter of the small bottom surface is 100mm, the diameter of the large bottom surface is 400mm, and the height between the two bottom surfaces is 260mm; the main body section 6 is cylindrical, has the diameter of 400mm and the length of 3000mm; the contraction section 7 is in a truncated cone shape, the diameter of the large bottom surface is 400mm, the diameter of the small bottom surface is 100mm, and the height between the two bottom surfaces is 260mm; the outlet section 8 is cylindrical and has a length of 300mm. The diameter-variable porous plate 3 has 9 rows of round holes, the diameter of the round hole in the first row is minimum (2 mm), the diameter of the round hole in the ninth row is maximum (36 mm), and the diameter of each row of round holes is 4mm smaller than that of the previous row. The number of the round holes of the first row and the ninth row is 5, the number of the round holes of the second row and the eighth row is 7, and the number of the round holes of the third row to the seventh row is 9. The variable diameter perforated plate is located 200mm to the left of the lance 4. The spray gun 4 is positioned 350mm to the right of the interface of the main body section 6 and the diverging section 2. The length of the water float type guide plate 5 is 700mm, the height is 50mm, and the water float type guide plate is positioned at the right 350mm of the spray gun 4.
In a specific embodiment, the pyrolysis furnace is used for a 29MW gas-fired boiler SCR denitration urea pyrolysis furnace of a heat supply plant, 1 spray gun is uniformly distributed around the urea pyrolysis furnace, the spray gun stretches into the urea pyrolysis furnace by 200mm, and the diameter of a spray gun tube is 16mm. The spray amount of the spray gun was 3kg/h (0.00083 kg/s), and the amount of the atomized air used was 15Nm 3 And/h, the maximum particle diameter Dmax of the atomized liquid drops is 125um, the minimum particle diameter Dmin is 20um, the average particle diameter D32 is 50um, and the average speed of the liquid drops is 5.051m/s. Further, the atomization angle was set to 20 degrees.
The working process of the utility model comprises the following steps: high-temperature air at 650 ℃ enters from the inlet section 1, passes through the diameter-variable porous plate 3, a large part of hot air enters into the lower half part of the main body section 6, a small part of hot air enters into the upper half part of the main body section 6, and the hot air forms a bottom-up speed gradient, so that the condition that urea solution particles adhere to a furnace wall due to the influence of gravity is relieved to a certain extent. The water drift type guide plate 5 is assembled, so that the tail ends of urea solution particles can be contracted, and the sticking of walls is avoided. The temperature sprayed by the spray gun 4 arranged on the main body section 6 is 20 ℃,50% urea liquid drops are contacted with hot air, and pyrolysis gas is discharged from an outlet after full contact reaction.
In the working process, after the hot air at the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace passes through the water-float type guide plate 5, the hot air enters the furnace body in obvious speed gradient, the guide effect of the hot air is very good, and the speed gradient can be kept all the time from the furnace top to the furnace bottom. The lower half speed of the main body section 6 is obviously higher than the upper half speed, and after urea liquid drops are sprayed, the situation of sticking walls does not occur, and the urea liquid drops are not crystallized on the furnace wall.
The above example is only one specific implementation case of the present utility model, and the modification, the change of the proportion relation and the adjustment of the size of other structures based on the example are all within the protection scope of the present utility model under the condition of similar effects and achieved objects.

Claims (1)

1. A skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace, comprising: the device comprises an inlet section, a divergent section, a main body section, a convergent section and an outlet section which are transversely communicated, and a variable-diameter porous plate, a spray gun and a water-float type guide plate which are arranged in the main body section; the diameter of the main body section is larger than that of the inlet section and the outlet section, and the diverging section and the contracting section are hollow round tables; one end of the inlet section is an air inlet; the small bottom surface of the gradually-expanding section is connected with the other end of the inlet section, and the large bottom surface of the gradually-expanding section is connected with one end of the main body section; the large bottom surface of the contraction section is connected with the other end of the main body section, and the small bottom surface is connected with one end of the outlet section; the other end of the outlet section is an air outlet; the diameter-variable porous plate is a circular plate which is vertically arranged, the edge of the diameter-variable porous plate is connected to the inner wall of the main body section, which is close to the divergent section, a plurality of rows of circular holes with different apertures are distributed on the diameter-variable porous plate, and the apertures of the circular holes are sequentially increased from top to bottom; the spray gun is positioned at one side of the relatively variable-diameter porous plate close to the contraction section, and the nozzle is positioned on the axis of the main body section and faces the air outlet; the water float type guide plate is fixed on one side, far away from the variable-diameter perforated plate, of the opposite spray gun and is of a transverse wedge-shaped structure, one end, close to the spray gun, is a head part, one end, far away from the spray gun, is a tail part, and the tail part is higher than the head part to form a slope;
the arrangement position of the spray gun is 300-500mm away from the joint of the main body section and the diverging section; the interval between the diameter-variable porous plate and the spray gun is 150-250mm; the distance between the head of the guide plate and the spray gun is 300-500mm; the multiple rows of round holes of the variable-diameter perforated plate are arranged according to horizontal rows and vertical columns, the aperture of each row of round holes is increased in an equal-difference sequence from top to bottom, and the tolerance range is 2-4mm; the diameter-variable porous plate is provided with 9 rows and 9 columns of 69 round holes, and the center-to-center spacing of each row of round holes is 40mm; the aperture of a row of round holes at the lowest part of the diameter-variable porous plate is 36mm; the water-float type guide plate is connected with the bottom of the inner wall of the main body section, and the length of the water-float type guide plate is 600-800mm; the height of the tail part of the water float type guide plate relative to the head part is 40-60mm.
CN202110830228.3A 2021-07-22 2021-07-22 Skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace Active CN113401922B (en)

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CN113401922B true CN113401922B (en) 2024-01-02

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4654441A (en) * 1980-08-15 1987-03-31 Moorman Manufacturing Company Biuret production by controlled pyrolysis of urea
CN104003417A (en) * 2013-04-19 2014-08-27 中国大唐集团环境技术有限公司 Reverse-flow device and method for preparing ammonia by urea pyrolysis
CN215326964U (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-12-28 北京未来明能科技有限公司 Skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4654441A (en) * 1980-08-15 1987-03-31 Moorman Manufacturing Company Biuret production by controlled pyrolysis of urea
CN104003417A (en) * 2013-04-19 2014-08-27 中国大唐集团环境技术有限公司 Reverse-flow device and method for preparing ammonia by urea pyrolysis
CN215326964U (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-12-28 北京未来明能科技有限公司 Skid-mounted horizontal urea pyrolysis furnace

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