CN113399005A - Ion exchange system for liquid stream treatment - Google Patents
Ion exchange system for liquid stream treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113399005A CN113399005A CN202010184100.XA CN202010184100A CN113399005A CN 113399005 A CN113399005 A CN 113399005A CN 202010184100 A CN202010184100 A CN 202010184100A CN 113399005 A CN113399005 A CN 113399005A
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- ion exchange
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- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 208
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940023913 cation exchange resins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002328 demineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- DPGAAOUOSQHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Ru] DPGAAOUOSQHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/02—Column or bed processes
- B01J47/026—Column or bed processes using columns or beds of different ion exchange materials in series
- B01J47/028—Column or bed processes using columns or beds of different ion exchange materials in series with alternately arranged cationic and anionic exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
- B01J49/30—Electrical regeneration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/422—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using anionic exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
Abstract
The invention discloses an ion exchange system, which is used for extracting or removing ions from a liquid flow to be treated and comprises at least one ion exchange unit, wherein the ion exchange unit comprises a cathode, a first cation exchange membrane, a water dissociation diaphragm, a first anion exchange membrane and an anode which are sequentially arranged, and the water dissociation diaphragm comprises a second cation exchange membrane or a second anion exchange membrane; the ion exchange unit further includes a cathode compartment, a cation exchange compartment filled with a cation exchange resin, an anion exchange compartment filled with an anion exchange resin, and an anode compartment.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of ion exchange technology, and is especially one kind of ion exchange system for extracting or eliminating ions from liquid flow.
Background
Ion exchange is one of the methods for extracting or removing ions from a liquid stream using ion exchangers, most commonly ion exchange resins. Currently, ion exchange has been widely used for water purification and softening; desalting seawater and brackish water; refining and decolorizing the solution (such as sugar solution); extracting uranium and rare metals from mineral leaching liquid; extracting antibiotics from fermentation liquor, and recovering noble metals from industrial wastewater.
The ion exchange resin is a high molecular compound with functional groups and a three-dimensional network structure, most of which exist in a granular state, and some of which are made into a fibrous or powdery state and are insoluble in water and common solvents. Ion exchange resins are classified into two major classes, cation exchange resins and anion exchange resins, which can perform ion exchange with cations and anions in a liquid stream, respectively. During ion exchange, cations (e.g. Na) in the liquid stream+,Ca2+,K+,Mg2+,Fe3+Etc.) with H on a cation exchange resin+Exchange is carried out, cations in the liquid stream are transferred to the resin, and H on the resin+Is exchanged into water; anions in liquid streams (e.g. Cl)-，HCO3 -Etc.) with OH on anion exchange resin-Exchange is carried out, anions in the water are transferred to the resin, and OH on the resin-Exchange into a liquid stream, and H+With OH-The water is generated in combination, and the purpose of extracting or removing ions from the liquid flow is achieved.
One of the advantages of the ion exchange method is that the ion exchange resin can be recycled after regeneration, and the common regeneration method is an acid-base chemical regeneration method, wherein an acid solution is used for cleaning the cation exchange resin, an alkali solution is used for cleaning the anion exchange resin, and a concurrent or countercurrent mode is adopted. The acid-base chemical regeneration method has many defects, such as low utilization rate of acid-base for regeneration, environmental pollution caused by discharge of waste acid alkali liquor, complex regeneration operation, safety storage and transportation of acid-base as dangerous chemicals, and poor labor conditions. Researchers have proposed methods for electrically regenerating ion exchange resins, but most of the existing methods for electrically regenerating ion exchange resins require that the ion exchange resins be led out from an ion exchange system to a special regeneration system, and have long downtime and complicated operation.
There is still a need to develop a new ion exchange system for liquid stream treatment with an easy resin regeneration function.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the requirement of simple and convenient operation of ion exchange resin regeneration in the technical field of ion exchange, the invention designs a novel ion exchange system for liquid flow treatment, which can effectively extract or remove ions in liquid flow to be treated, can realize in-situ regeneration of ion exchange resin without using acid-base chemical agents, and is simple and convenient to operate.
An embodiment of the invention relates to an ion exchange system for extracting or removing ions from a liquid stream to be treated, characterized in that the system comprises at least one ion exchange unit, the ion exchange unit comprises: the water dissociation membrane comprises a cathode, a first cation exchange membrane, a water dissociation membrane, a first anion exchange membrane and an anode which are sequentially arranged, wherein the water dissociation membrane comprises a second cation exchange membrane or a second anion exchange membrane; a cathode compartment located between the cathode and the first cation exchange membrane comprising two openings; a cation exchange chamber located between the first cation exchange membrane and the water-splitting membrane, comprising two openings, filled with cation exchange resin; an anion exchange chamber located between the water-splitting membrane and the first anion exchange membrane, comprising two openings, filled with anion exchange resin; and an anode chamber, located between the first anion exchange membrane and the anode, comprising two openings.
The ion exchange system of the embodiment of the invention has two operating conditions of liquid flow treatment and resin regeneration: under the working condition of liquid flow treatment, liquid flow to be treated flows through a cation exchange chamber and an anion exchange chamber to obtain deionized liquid flow; under the working condition of resin regeneration, voltage is applied to the cathode and the anode to form a direct current electric field, and H is generated by water dissociation at the interface of the water dissociation diaphragm and the ion exchange resin+With OH-Specifically, when the water dissociation diaphragm is the second cation exchange membrane, water at the interface between the second cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange resin is dissociated, and when the water dissociation diaphragm is the second anion exchange membrane, water at the interface between the second anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange resin is dissociated. Said H+Transferring to the cation exchange chamber under the action of DC electric field to regenerate the cation exchange resin, wherein the OH is-Under the action of DC electric field, migrate toAnd the anion exchange chamber regenerates the anion exchange resin, and simultaneously flows the fluid to be treated through the anode chamber and the cathode chamber to obtain resin regeneration concentrated solution.
When the ion exchange method is used for treating liquid flow, acid and alkali chemical agents are generally used for regenerating the ion exchange resin, so that the ion exchange resin is unsafe, and the ion exchange resin needs to be led out of a treatment system to a special regeneration system for regeneration, so that the operation is complex. The ion exchange system can realize in-situ regeneration of the ion exchange resin, does not use acid-base chemical agents, is a novel practical ion exchange system, and can be widely applied to various occasions needing ion exchange by using the ion exchange resin.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings and the following detailed description are included to assist in understanding the features and advantages of the present invention, in which:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a schematic of a fluid treatment regime of an ion exchange unit 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a resin regeneration operation of the ion exchange unit 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 schematically shows a schematic of the flow treatment regime of two ion exchange units 100 in series according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 schematically shows a resin regeneration regime schematic for two ion exchange units 100 in series according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 schematically shows a schematic of the flow treatment regime of two ion exchange units 200 in series according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 schematically shows a resin regeneration regime schematic for two ion exchange units 200 in series according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 schematically shows a schematic of the flow treatment regime for two ion exchange units 200 and 100 in series according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 schematically shows a resin regeneration regime schematic for two ion exchange units 200 and 100 in series according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a schematic of a fluid treatment regime of an ion exchange unit 300 according to one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 10 schematically illustrates a resin regeneration regime schematic for an ion exchange unit 300 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Unless clearly defined otherwise herein, the scientific and technical terms used have the meaning commonly understood by those of skill in the art to which this application pertains. As used in this application, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," or "containing" and similar referents to shall mean that the content of the listed items is within the scope of the listed items or equivalents thereof. The term "or", "or" is not meant to be exclusive, but rather refers to the presence of at least one of the referenced items (e.g., ingredients), and includes the presence of combinations of the referenced items as may be present. Reference throughout this specification to "some embodiments," "some embodiments," and so forth, means that a particular element (e.g., feature, structure, and/or characteristic) described in connection with the invention is included in at least one embodiment described herein, and may or may not be present in other embodiments. In addition, it is to be understood that the described inventive elements may be combined in any suitable manner.
Reference herein to "extracting or removing ions" is to the removal of at least a portion of the ions from a liquid stream to be treated, and it is intended that the extraction be for the purpose of recovering the ions from the liquid stream and the removal be for the purpose of obtaining a purified stream from which the ions have been removed. In some cases, "deionization" or "deionization" is also referred to as "desalination" or "demineralization".
Reference herein to "liquid stream" includes various fluids in the liquid state, for example: an aqueous solution comprising salts in an ionic state, including anions and cations in various valence states, or a liquid comprising a non-aqueous solvent. By way of example, the liquid stream to be treated in the embodiments of the present application includes one or more of tap water, seawater, brackish water, industrial wastewater, sugar liquor, mineral leaching liquor, and fermentation liquor.
In the present application, the terms "first stage", "previous stage" and "subsequent stage" refer to that in a system in which ion exchange units are connected in series, each ion exchange unit is a first stage, and under the working condition of liquid flow treatment, according to the direction of the liquid flow to be treated, the first ion exchange unit flowing through is marked as "first stage ion exchange unit", the first ion exchange unit flowing through is marked as "previous stage", and the subsequent ion exchange unit flowing through is marked as "subsequent stage".
Fig. 1 and 2 show a schematic view of an ion exchange unit 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The ion exchange unit 100 includes a cathode 101, a first cation exchange membrane 103, a second cation exchange membrane 105, a first anion exchange membrane 104, and an anode 102, which are arranged in this order. The ion exchange unit 100 further comprises: a cathode chamber 111, a cation exchange chamber 113, an anion exchange chamber 114 and an anode chamber 112, wherein the cathode chamber 111 is positioned between the cathode 101 and the first cation exchange membrane 103 and comprises two openings; cation exchange chamber 113 is located between first cation exchange membrane 103 and second cation exchange membrane 105, includes two openings, and is filled with cation exchange resin; an anion exchange chamber 114, located between the second cation exchange membrane 105 and the first anion exchange membrane 104, comprising two openings, filled with anion exchange resin; the anode chamber 112 is located between the first anion exchange membrane 104 and the anode 102 and includes two openings. As described above, the cathode chamber 111, the cation exchange chamber 113, the anion exchange chamber 114 and the anode chamber 112 of the ion exchange unit 100 each have two openings, and one or more of these openings may serve as a liquid stream inlet or outlet, and two or more of these openings may communicate with each other, as required by various operating conditions. In some embodiments, an opening of the cation exchange chamber 113 communicates with an opening of the anion exchange chamber 114, as shown in FIG. 1, and the lower opening communicates, and fluid flow can occur as indicated by the arrows. An opening of the cathode 111 communicates with an opening of the anode chamber 112, as shown in fig. 2, and the lower opening, through which the liquid flow can flow as indicated by the arrows.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cathode 101 may be a metal plate (e.g., iron plate) or a conductive graphite plate, and the anode 102 may be a ruthenium-titanium plate or a graphite plate.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to make the structure of the ion exchange unit more compact, the cathode 101, the first cation exchange membrane 103, the second cation exchange membrane 105, the first anion exchange membrane 104 and the anode 102 are arranged generally in parallel. In addition, the whole ion unit can adopt a plate frame structure and be compacted.
The ion exchange system of certain embodiments of the present invention includes an ion exchange unit 100 having two operating conditions, liquid flow treatment and resin regeneration, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, respectively.
As shown in fig. 1, under the liquid flow treatment condition, the liquid flow to be treated (as shown by the arrow) sequentially flows through the cation exchange chamber 113 and the anion exchange chamber 114 of the ion exchange unit 100, and respectively performs ion exchange with the cation exchange resin and the anion exchange resin therein, so as to obtain a deionized liquid flow. In some embodiments, the fluid to be treated may first flow through the anion exchange chamber 114 and then through the cation exchange chamber 113, and the sequence of the fluid flowing through the anion exchange chamber and the cation exchange chamber is not limited in this application and is applicable to all embodiments of this application. Under the liquid flow treatment condition, no voltage is applied to the cathode 101 and the anode 102.
As shown in FIG. 2, under the regeneration condition of the resin, a voltage is applied to the cathode 101 and the anode 102 to form a DC electric field, and H is generated by water dissociation at the interface of the second cation exchange membrane 105 and the anion exchange resin+With OH-，H+Transferring to the cation exchange chamber 113 under the action of DC electric field to regenerate the cation exchange resin therein, OH-The fluid to be treated flows through the anode chamber 112 and the cathode chamber 111 in sequence to obtain a concentrated resin regeneration solution (as shown by arrows). In some embodiments, the fluid to be treated may also flow through the cathode chamber 111 first and then through the anode chamber 112, and the order of the fluid flow through the anode chamber and the cathode chamber is not limited in this application and is applicable to all embodiments of the present application. Additionally, in some embodiments, the resin may be regenerated during the regeneration operationAdding a scale inhibitor into the liquid flow to be treated, and then enabling the liquid flow to be treated to flow through the anode chamber and the cathode chamber. When the fluid to be treated containing the scale inhibitor flows through the polar chamber, the content of the insoluble inorganic salt in the polar chamber can be reduced, and the scaling risk of the polar chamber is reduced. The scale inhibitor mentioned in the invention comprises all agents which can play a role in dispersing the slightly soluble inorganic salt in the liquid, preventing or interfering the precipitation and scaling functions of the slightly soluble inorganic salt on the surface of the substrate, and for example comprises various organic, inorganic and polymer scale inhibitors.
The two conditions shown in fig. 1 and 2 are alternated, and the ion exchange unit 100 can be used to treat the liquid stream to be treated for a long time.
The ion exchange system of the embodiment of the invention also comprises a condition that a plurality of ion exchange units are connected in series. Figures 3 and 4 schematically show an ion exchange system comprising two ion exchange units 100 in series according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, two ion exchange units 100 with the same structure are connected in series in a manner that: the upper opening of the anion exchange chamber 114 of the first-stage ion exchange unit 100 (left side) is communicated with the upper opening of the cation exchange chamber 113 of the second-stage ion exchange unit 100 (right side), and the upper opening of the anode chamber 112 of the first-stage ion exchange unit 100 (left side) is communicated with the upper opening of the cathode chamber 112 of the second-stage ion exchange unit 100 (right side). The reference to "upper opening" herein is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent an orientation of the physical system.
As shown in fig. 3, for two ion exchange units 100 connected in series, under the liquid flow treatment condition, a liquid flow to be treated (as shown by arrows) sequentially flows through the cation exchange chamber 113 and the anion exchange chamber 114 of the first stage ion exchange unit 100, the cation exchange chamber 113 and the anion exchange chamber 114 of the second stage ion exchange unit 100, and a deionized liquid flow is obtained. As mentioned above, the flow-through sequence of the liquid streams to be treated can be adjusted, and is not limited to the flow-through sequence shown by the arrows in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 4, for two ion exchange units 100 connected in series, under the resin regeneration condition, a flow of liquid to be treated sequentially flows through the anode chamber 112 and the cathode chamber 111 of the first stage ion exchange unit 100, and the anode chamber 112 and the cathode chamber 111 of the second stage ion exchange unit 100, so as to obtain a resin regeneration concentrated solution. As mentioned above, the flow-through sequence of the liquid streams to be treated can be adjusted, and is not limited to the flow-through sequence shown by the arrows in fig. 4.
The ion exchange system of the present embodiment may also include three, four, or even more ion exchange units 100 connected in series in substantially the same manner and operation as described above with respect to fig. 3 and 4.
The ion exchange system of embodiments of the present invention also includes two or more ion exchange units that are otherwise connected in series. Fig. 5 and 6 show an ion exchange system comprising two ion exchange units 200 in series.
The ion exchange unit 200 has a similar configuration to the ion exchange unit 100 except that the cation exchange chamber 213 and the anion exchange chamber 214 of the ion exchange unit 200 do not communicate with each other, and the cathode chamber 211 and the anode chamber 212 do not communicate with each other. For two ion exchange units 200 in series, the series connection is: as shown in fig. 5, two ion exchange flow channels are formed by connecting an opening of the cation exchange chamber of the first stage ion exchange unit with an opening of the anion exchange chamber of the second stage ion exchange unit, and connecting an opening of the anion exchange chamber of the first stage ion exchange unit with an opening of the cation exchange chamber of the second stage ion exchange unit; as shown in fig. 6, an opening of the cathode chamber of the first stage ion exchange unit is communicated with an opening of the anode chamber of the second stage ion exchange unit, and an opening of the anode chamber of the first stage ion exchange unit is communicated with an opening of the cathode chamber of the second stage ion exchange unit, so that two polar chamber channels are formed.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the ion exchange system comprising two ion exchange units 200 connected in series, under the liquid flow treatment condition, two liquid flows to be treated (as shown by arrows) respectively flow into the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of the first stage ion exchange unit, and two deionized liquid flows are respectively obtained at the openings of the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of the second stage ion exchange unit.
As shown in fig. 6, in an ion exchange system including two ion exchange units 200 connected in series, under the resin regeneration condition, two streams of liquid to be treated (as shown by arrows) respectively flow into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber of the first stage ion exchange unit, and two streams of resin regeneration concentrated solutions are respectively obtained at openings of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the second stage ion exchange unit.
Embodiments of the present invention may also include a series of three, four, or even more ion exchange units 200 connected in series in substantially the same manner and operation as described above with respect to fig. 5 and 6. Specifically, in a series connection mode, a cation exchange chamber of a previous-stage ion exchange unit is connected with an anion exchange chamber of a next-stage ion exchange unit, and the anion exchange chamber of the previous-stage ion exchange unit is connected with a cation exchange chamber of the next-stage ion exchange unit to form two ion exchange flow channels; the cathode chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the anode chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, and the anode chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the cathode chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit to form two polar chamber runners. Thus, under the working condition of liquid flow treatment, two liquid flows to be treated respectively flow into the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of the first-stage ion exchange unit, two deionized liquid flows are respectively obtained in the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of the last-stage ion exchange unit, under the working condition of resin regeneration, two liquid flows to be treated respectively flow into the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the first-stage ion exchange unit, and two resin regeneration concentrated solutions are respectively obtained in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the last-stage ion exchange unit.
Figures 7 and 8 show another ion exchange system comprising ion exchange units in series, specifically comprising ion exchange unit 200 and ion exchange unit 100 in series. The cation exchange chamber 213 and the anion exchange chamber 214 of the ion exchange unit 200 are not communicated with each other, and the cathode chamber 211 and the anode chamber 212 are also not communicated with each other. The cation exchange chamber 113 and the anion exchange chamber 114 of the ion exchange unit 100 are communicated with each other, and the cathode chamber 111 and the anode chamber 112 are also communicated with each other. In this way, when they are connected in series, as shown in fig. 7, one opening of the cation exchange chamber 213 of the ion exchange unit 200 is connected to the anion exchange chamber 114 of the ion exchange unit 100, and one opening of the anion exchange chamber 214 of the ion exchange unit 200 is connected to the cation exchange chamber 113 of the ion exchange unit 100; as shown in fig. 8, one opening of the anode chamber 212 of the ion exchange unit 200 is connected to the cathode chamber 111 of the ion exchange unit 100, and one opening of the cathode chamber 211 of the ion exchange unit 200 is connected to the anode chamber 112 of the ion exchange unit 100.
In operation, under the liquid flow treatment condition, as shown in fig. 7, a liquid flow to be treated (as shown by arrows) flows through the cation exchange chamber 213 of the first stage ion exchange unit 200, the anion exchange chamber 114 of the second stage ion exchange unit 100, the cation exchange chamber 113, and the anion exchange chamber 214 of the first stage ion exchange unit 200, to obtain a deionized liquid flow. Under the resin regeneration condition, as shown in fig. 8, a flow of liquid to be treated (as shown by arrows) flows through the anode chamber 212 of the first-stage ion exchange unit 200, the cathode chamber 111 of the second-stage ion exchange unit 100, the anode chamber 112, and the cathode chamber 211 of the first-stage ion exchange unit 200 to obtain a resin regeneration concentrated solution.
Embodiments of the present invention may also include cases where there are three, four, or even more ion exchange units in series similar to that shown in fig. 7-8, including, for example, two or more ion exchange units 200 and one ion exchange unit 100. Specifically, the connection mode is as follows: the cation exchange chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the anion exchange chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, the anion exchange chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the cation exchange chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, and the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of the last stage ion exchange unit are communicated to form an ion exchange flow channel; the cathode chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the anode chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, the anode chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the cathode chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, and the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the last stage ion exchange unit are communicated to form a polar chamber flow channel. Thus, under the working condition of liquid flow treatment, a strand of liquid flow to be treated flows through the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of each ion exchange unit to obtain deionized liquid flow, and under the working condition of resin regeneration, a strand of liquid flow to be treated flows through the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of each ion exchange unit to obtain resin regeneration concentrated liquid.
Fig. 9 and 10 show a schematic view of an ion exchange unit 300 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The ion exchange unit 300 includes a cathode 301, a first cation exchange membrane 303, a second anion exchange membrane 306, a first anion exchange membrane 304, and an anode 102, which are arranged in this order. The ion exchange unit 300 further comprises: a cathode chamber 311, a cation exchange chamber 313, an anion exchange chamber 314 and an anode chamber 312, wherein the cathode chamber 311 is located between the cathode 301 and the first cation exchange membrane 303 and comprises two openings; a cation exchange chamber 313, located between the first cation exchange membrane 303 and the second anion exchange membrane 306, comprising two openings, filled with cation exchange resin; an anion exchange chamber 314, located between the second anion exchange membrane 306 and the first anion exchange membrane 304, comprises two openings, filled with anion exchange resin; the anode compartment 312 is located between the anion exchange membrane 304 and the anode 302 and includes two openings. As described above, the cathode compartment 311, the cation exchange compartment 313, the anion exchange compartment 314 and the anode compartment 312 of the ion exchange unit 300 each have two openings, and one or more of these openings may serve as a liquid stream inlet or outlet, two or more of which may be in communication with each other, as required by various operating conditions. In some embodiments, an opening of the cation exchange chamber 313 communicates with an opening of the anion exchange chamber 314, as shown in FIG. 9, and the lower opening communicates, through which fluid flow can pass as indicated by the arrows. An opening of the cathode 311 communicates with an opening of the anode chamber 312, as shown in fig. 10, and the lower opening communicates, through which a liquid flow can flow as indicated by the arrows.
The ion exchange system of certain embodiments of the present invention includes an ion exchange unit 300 having two operating conditions, liquid flow treatment and resin regeneration, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, respectively.
As shown in fig. 9, under the liquid flow treatment condition, the liquid flow to be treated (as shown by the arrow) sequentially flows through the cation exchange chamber 313 and the anion exchange chamber 314 of the ion exchange unit 300, and respectively performs ion exchange with the cation exchange resin and the anion exchange resin therein, so as to obtain a deionized liquid flow. In some embodiments, the fluid to be treated may also flow through the anion exchange chamber 314 and then through the cation exchange chamber 313, and the sequence of the fluid flowing through the anion and cation exchange chambers is not limited in this application and is applicable to all embodiments of this application. Under the liquid flow treatment condition, no voltage is applied to the cathode 301 and the anode 302.
As shown in FIG. 10, under the condition of resin regeneration, a voltage is applied to the cathode 301 and the anode 302 to form a DC electric field, and H is generated by water dissociation at the interface of the second anion exchange membrane 306 and the anion exchange resin+With OH-，H+Transferring to the cation exchange chamber 313 under the action of DC electric field to regenerate the cation exchange resin therein, OH-The fluid to be treated flows through the anode chamber 312 and the cathode chamber 311 in sequence to obtain a concentrated resin regeneration solution (as shown by arrows). In some embodiments, the fluid to be treated may also flow through the cathode chamber 311 first and then through the anode chamber 312, and the order of the fluid flow through the anode chamber and the cathode chamber is not limited in this application and is applicable to all embodiments of the present application. In addition, in certain embodiments, an antiscalant may be added to the fluid stream to be treated during resin regeneration conditions, and the fluid stream to be treated may then be passed through the anode and cathode compartments. When the fluid to be treated containing the scale inhibitor flows through the polar chamber, the content of the insoluble inorganic salt in the polar chamber can be reduced, and the scaling risk of the polar chamber is reduced.
The two conditions shown in fig. 9 and 10 are alternated, and the ion exchange unit 300 can be used to treat the liquid stream to be treated for a long time.
Similar to the ion exchange units 100, 200 described above, the ion exchange units 300 may also be used in series as desired. In some embodiments of the present invention, the ion exchange unit 100 and the ion exchange unit 300 may be connected in series and used in the same ion exchange system.
The ion exchange system provided by the invention adopts a mode that cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin are respectively filled, so that anions and cations in fluid to be treated can be effectively removed, more importantly, the ion exchange system provided by the invention adopts an in-situ electric regeneration method to regenerate the ion exchange resin, does not need to use acid-base chemical agents or export the ion exchange resin, is simple and convenient to operate, and is a novel and efficient ion exchange system for liquid flow treatment.
Experimental examples
An ion exchange system was assembled in accordance with the ion exchange unit 100 shown in fig. 1 and 2, in which the volumes of the cation exchange resin in the cation exchange chamber 113 and the anion exchange resin in the anion exchange chamber 114 were both about 400 ml. Tap water is desalted using an ion exchange unit 100. At first, the cation resin is strong acid sodium type, and the anion resin is strong base chlorine type, so that the resin needs to be regenerated into hydrogen type and hydroxyl type for desalting. In the regeneration process, tap water with the conductivity of 300uS/cm is used as inlet water of the polar chamber to start regeneration, and the current is kept at 3A during regeneration until the conductivity of regenerated outlet water is approximately equal to that of inlet water to stop regeneration. And (3) starting desalination after the regeneration is finished, wherein in the desalination process, the inlet water is tap water with the conductivity of 300uS/cm, the flow rate is 100ml/min, the conductivity of the produced water of the system is less than 10uS/cm, and 130L of the produced water can be obtained under the condition that the desalination rate is more than 90%.
The above water treatment method and system are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ion exchange system for extracting or removing ions from a fluid stream to be treated, the system comprising at least one ion exchange unit comprising:
the water dissociation membrane comprises a cathode, a first cation exchange membrane, a water dissociation membrane, a first anion exchange membrane and an anode which are sequentially arranged, wherein the water dissociation membrane comprises a second cation exchange membrane or a second anion exchange membrane;
a cathode compartment located between the cathode and the first cation exchange membrane comprising two openings;
a cation exchange chamber located between the first cation exchange membrane and the water-splitting membrane, comprising two openings, filled with cation exchange resin;
an anion exchange chamber located between the water-splitting membrane and the first anion exchange membrane, comprising two openings, filled with anion exchange resin; and
an anode chamber located between the first anion exchange membrane and the anode and comprising two openings,
the ion exchange system has two operating conditions, liquid flow treatment and resin regeneration, wherein,
under the working condition of liquid flow treatment, enabling liquid flow to be treated to flow through the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber to obtain deionized liquid flow;
under the working condition of resin regeneration, voltage is applied to the cathode and the anode to form a direct current electric field, and H is generated by water dissociation at the interface of the water dissociation diaphragm and the ion exchange resin+With OH-Said H is+Transferring to the cation exchange chamber under the action of DC electric field to regenerate the cation exchange resin, wherein the OH is-And transferring the fluid to the anion exchange chamber under the action of a direct current electric field to regenerate the anion exchange resin, and simultaneously flowing the fluid to be treated through the anode chamber and the cathode chamber to obtain a resin regeneration concentrated solution.
2. The ion exchange system of claim 1 wherein an antiscalant is added to the stream to be treated during the resin regeneration mode prior to passing the stream to be treated through the anode and cathode compartments.
3. The ion exchange system of claim 1 wherein the cathode, first cation exchange membrane, water-splitting membrane, first anion exchange membrane and anode are arranged in parallel.
4. The ion exchange system of claim 1 wherein in the ion exchange unit, an opening of the cation exchange chamber communicates with an opening of the anion exchange chamber, and an opening of the cathode chamber communicates with an opening of the anode chamber.
5. The ion exchange system of claim 4 wherein the ion exchange system comprises two or more of the ion exchange units connected in series, and wherein in the fluid treatment mode, a flow of fluid to be treated passes through the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of each ion exchange unit to form a deionized fluid, and in the resin regeneration mode, a flow of fluid to be treated passes through the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of each ion exchange unit to form a resin regeneration concentrate.
6. The ion exchange system of claim 1 wherein the ion exchange system comprises two or more of the ion exchange units in series,
the cation exchange chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the anion exchange chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, and the anion exchange chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the cation exchange chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit to form two ion exchange flow channels;
the cathode chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the anode chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, and the anode chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the cathode chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit to form two polar chamber runners;
thus, under the working condition of liquid flow treatment, two liquid flows to be treated respectively flow into the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of the first-stage ion exchange unit, two deionized liquid flows are respectively obtained in the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of the last-stage ion exchange unit, under the working condition of resin regeneration, two liquid flows to be treated respectively flow into the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the first-stage ion exchange unit, and two resin regeneration concentrated solutions are respectively obtained in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the last-stage ion exchange unit.
7. The ion exchange system of claim 1 wherein the ion exchange system comprises two or more of the ion exchange units in series,
the cation exchange chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the anion exchange chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, the anion exchange chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the cation exchange chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, and the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of the last stage ion exchange unit are communicated to form an ion exchange flow channel;
the cathode chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the anode chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, the anode chamber of the previous stage ion exchange unit is connected with the cathode chamber of the next stage ion exchange unit, and the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the last stage ion exchange unit are communicated to form a polar chamber flow channel;
thus, under the working condition of liquid flow treatment, a strand of liquid flow to be treated flows through the cation exchange chamber and the anion exchange chamber of each ion exchange unit to obtain deionized liquid flow, and under the working condition of resin regeneration, a strand of liquid flow to be treated flows through the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of each ion exchange unit to obtain resin regeneration concentrated liquid.
8. The ion exchange system of claim 1 wherein the liquid stream to be treated comprises one or more of tap water, seawater, brackish water, industrial wastewater, sugar liquor, mineral leaching liquor, fermentation broth.
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