CN113394510B - Temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions and protection method - Google Patents
Temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions and protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113394510B CN113394510B CN202110601009.8A CN202110601009A CN113394510B CN 113394510 B CN113394510 B CN 113394510B CN 202110601009 A CN202110601009 A CN 202110601009A CN 113394510 B CN113394510 B CN 113394510B
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- temperature protection
- fire extinguishing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions and a protection method, wherein the temperature protection structure comprises a heat-sensitive sealing bag and a fire extinguishing medium packaged in the heat-sensitive sealing bag, a plurality of electric connection sheets used for being connected with a battery module in series are arranged at the upper end part of the heat-sensitive sealing bag, safety elastic sheets are arranged among the electric connection sheets, and when the temperature of the heat-sensitive sealing bag rises, the fire extinguishing medium expands to enable the safety elastic sheets to bounce and break the connection between the electric connection sheets and the safety elastic sheets. The temperature protection structure has the over-temperature protection function and the fire extinguishing function, the heating of the battery is captured in time according to the temperature in the battery module, the circuit is disconnected, the temperature protection structure can be recycled, the thermal runaway fire of the battery core can be prevented, and the fire extinguishing effect is achieved for the thermal runaway battery core.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery fire-fighting and extinguishment, and relates to a lithium battery temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire-extinguishing functions and a protection method.
Background
In recent years, with the gradual progress of energy transformation, high specific energy batteries are more and more widely applied in the fields of electric vehicles, smart grids and the like. Lithium ion batteries have been superior in new energy fields due to their advantages of long cycle life, high energy density, etc.
When the battery module is used, the internal temperature of the battery can be raised due to overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent and the like, and potential safety hazards such as fire and explosion can be caused seriously. There are many temperature protection ware on the market now, mostly are thermistor or temperature sensing sheetmetal, and when electric core inside temperature reachd certain numerical value, the temperature sensing metal warp and breaks off the circuit to play protection circuit's purpose.
Under the high current state, the deformation temperature of heat-sensitive metal piece can greatly reduced, can not reach accurate temperature deformation to can't be accurate under high temperature with the electric current absolutely, above all this kind of heat-sensitive metal can only play the effect of breaking current, can not solve the electric core because of the explosion problem of catching fire that the thermal runaway arouses.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a lithium battery temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions, which can catch the heat of a battery in time, disconnect a circuit, be recycled, prevent the thermal runaway of a battery core from firing and realize the fire extinguishing effect on the thermal runaway battery core.
The invention also provides a temperature protection method with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a lithium cell temperature protection architecture with excess temperature protection and function of putting out a fire, includes temperature sensing sealing bag and encapsulates the fire-extinguishing medium in the temperature sensing sealing bag, temperature sensing sealing bag upper end is equipped with a plurality of electricity connection pieces that are used for establishing ties with the battery module, be equipped with safe shell fragment between a plurality of electricity connection pieces, when temperature rise of temperature sensing sealing bag, the expansion of fire-extinguishing medium makes safe shell fragment bounce, disconnection and the electricity connection between the connection piece.
In the technical scheme, in the use process of the battery core, the heat release exceeds 50 ℃, the perfluorohexanone expands due to the increase of saturated vapor pressure, the false battery core filled with the perfluorohexanone is connected inside the original battery module by utilizing the characteristic that the volume of the false battery core is normal at normal temperature, the false battery core expands after 50 ℃, the safety elastic sheet on the false battery core is arched, a loop is disconnected, and the battery core stops working; and when the temperature is reduced, the false battery cell contracts back to a normal state, the safety elastic sheet is reduced, the loop is communicated, and the battery cell returns to normal work.
If the electric core is heated up instantly, the fake electric core is burst to release the perfluorohexanone, so that the electric core is prevented from being ignited and exploded.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the electrical connection sheet includes a first electrical connection sheet connected to the positive electrode and a second electrical connection sheet connected to the negative electrode, one end of the safety spring is connected to the first electrical connection sheet, and the other end of the safety spring is connected to the second electrical connection sheet.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the electric connector further comprises a top cover, and a one-way insulating gasket is arranged between the top cover and the electric connecting sheet.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the heat-sensitive sealing bag is matched with the cell volume of the battery module.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the heat-sensitive sealing bag is made of an aluminum plastic film with the thickness of 50-150 mu m or made of a composite film of PE and PET.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the heat-sensitive sealing bag is made of an aluminum plastic film with the thickness of 90-135 mu m.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing medium is perfluorohexanone.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the fire extinguishing medium is added in an amount of 30 to 100 g.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the safety elastic sheet is a nickel plated spring steel sheet with the thickness of 0.1-1 mm.
A temperature protection method with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions comprises the steps of adopting the temperature protection structure, connecting the temperature protection structure with a battery module in series to form a false battery cell, and when the temperature in the battery module is less than or equal to 50 ℃, ensuring that the volume of the temperature protection structure is the same as the volume of the battery cell; when the temperature in the battery module is higher than 50 ℃ and lower than 100 ℃, the fire extinguishing medium in the temperature protection structure expands to enable the safety elastic sheet to arch up and disconnect a loop, and when the temperature in the battery module drops to be lower than 50 ℃, the safety elastic sheet falls back and connects a circuit; when the internal temperature of the battery module is higher than 100 ℃, the heat-sensitive sealing bag of the temperature protection structure is expanded to release the fire extinguishing medium.
In the technical scheme, high polymer materials (PET \ PP, PE and the like) or an aluminum plastic film is adopted to seal perfluorohexanone (30-100g), then a sealing bag is connected with a battery module in series to form a false battery cell, a safety elastic sheet is arranged on the sealing bag, when the battery cell generates heat abnormally, the perfluorohexanone in the false battery cell begins to expand along with the rise of temperature, the elastic sheet bulges, a loop is disconnected, the internal pressure of the perfluorohexanone is reduced after the temperature is reduced, the elastic sheet descends, and the battery loop is connected. If the temperature is continuously increased, the perfluorohexanone is released, and the battery is cooled to achieve the effect of extinguishing fire.
When the electric core receives adverse effect such as sharp thing impales, inside perfluor hexanone vaporizes directly and releases fast, dilutes inside combustible gas concentration, isolated oxygen, thereby reduces the fire that the internal environment prevents the acupuncture and causes fast.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the temperature protection structure has an over-temperature protection function and a fire extinguishing function, the heating of the battery is captured in time according to the temperature in the battery module, the circuit is disconnected, the temperature protection structure can be recycled, the thermal runaway fire of the battery core can be prevented, and the fire extinguishing effect is achieved for the thermal runaway battery core;
2) the temperature protection method of the invention is not limited to the battery module, and can also be applied to other batteries.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the safety dome of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at a.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 2 at B.
In the figure, 1, a heat-sensitive sealing bag; 2. a first electrical connection tab; 3. a second electrical connection pad; 4. a safety spring plate; 5. a unidirectional insulating spacer; 6. a top cover; 7. a battery module; 8. and (5) battery cores.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions, the overall appearance and the volume of the temperature protection structure are matched with a battery core 8 of a battery module 7, and the temperature protection structure is connected with the battery module 7 in series.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the temperature protection structure comprises a heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 and a fire extinguishing medium packaged in the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1, wherein the upper end of the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 is provided with a plurality of electric connection sheets connected with a battery module 7 in series, the heat-sensitive sealing bag comprises a first electric connection sheet 2 connected with a positive electrode and a second electric connection sheet 3 connected with a negative electrode, a safety elastic sheet 4 is arranged between the first electric connection sheet 2 and the second electric connection sheet 3, one end of the safety elastic sheet 4 is connected with the first electric connection sheet 2, the other end of the safety elastic sheet is connected with the second electric connection sheet 3, and when the temperature of the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 rises, the fire extinguishing medium expands to enable the safety elastic sheet 4 to bounce and disconnect the connection between the electric connection sheets and the second electric connection sheet.
Still include top cap 6, be equipped with one-way insulating gasket 5 between top cap 6 and the electricity connection piece.
The heat-sensitive sealing bag is made of an aluminum plastic film with the thickness of 50-150 mu m or made of a PE and PET composite film.
The fire extinguishing medium is perfluorohexanone, and the addition amount is 30-100 g.
The safety spring plate is a nickel plated spring steel plate with the thickness of 0.1-1 mm.
Example 1
This embodiment provides the temperature protection architecture with excess temperature protection and function of putting out a fire, and this temperature protection architecture's whole appearance and volume match with battery module 7's electric core 8 to carry out the series connection with battery module 7.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the temperature protection structure comprises a heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 and perfluorohexanone packaged in the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1, the adding amount is 70g, the upper end portion of the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 is provided with a plurality of electric connection sheets used for being connected with a battery module 7 in series, the temperature protection structure comprises a first electric connection sheet 2 connected with a positive electrode and a second electric connection sheet 3 connected with a negative electrode, a safety elastic sheet 4 is arranged between the first electric connection sheet 2 and the second electric connection sheet 3, one end of the safety elastic sheet 4 is connected with the first electric connection sheet 2, the other end of the safety elastic sheet is connected with the second electric connection sheet 3, and when the temperature of the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 rises, a fire extinguishing medium expands to enable the safety elastic sheet 4 to bounce and disconnect the connection sheets.
Still include top cap 6, be equipped with one-way insulating gasket 5 between top cap 6 and the electricity connection piece.
The heat-sensitive sealing bag is made of an aluminum plastic film with the thickness of 90 mu m or made of a PE and PET composite film, and the safety elastic sheet is a 0.1mm nickel-plated spring steel sheet.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the embodiment, a temperature protection method with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions is provided, in which a temperature protection structure is connected in series with a battery module to form a pseudo battery cell, and when the temperature in the battery module is less than or equal to 50 ℃, the volume of the temperature protection structure is the same as the volume of the battery cell; when the temperature in the battery module is higher than 50 ℃ and lower than 100 ℃, the fire extinguishing medium in the temperature protection structure expands to enable the safety elastic sheet to arch up and disconnect a loop, and when the temperature in the battery module drops to be lower than 50 ℃, the safety elastic sheet falls back and connects a circuit; when the internal temperature of the battery module is higher than 100 ℃, the heat-sensitive sealing bag of the temperature protection structure is expanded to release the fire extinguishing medium.
Example 2
This embodiment provides the temperature protection architecture with excess temperature protection and function of putting out a fire, and this temperature protection architecture's whole appearance and volume match with battery module 7's electric core 8 to carry out the series connection with battery module 7.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the temperature protection structure comprises a heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 and perfluorohexanone packaged in the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1, the adding amount is 50g, the upper end portion of the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 is provided with a plurality of electric connection sheets used for being connected with a battery module 7 in series, the temperature protection structure comprises a first electric connection sheet 2 connected with a positive electrode and a second electric connection sheet 3 connected with a negative electrode, a safety elastic sheet 4 is arranged between the first electric connection sheet 2 and the second electric connection sheet 3, one end of the safety elastic sheet 4 is connected with the first electric connection sheet 2, the other end of the safety elastic sheet is connected with the second electric connection sheet 3, and when the temperature of the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 rises, a fire extinguishing medium expands to enable the safety elastic sheet 4 to bounce and disconnect the connection sheets.
Still include top cap 6, be equipped with one-way insulating gasket 5 between top cap 6 and the electricity connection piece.
The heat-sensitive sealing bag is made of an aluminum plastic film with the thickness of 135 mu m or made of a PE and PET composite film, and the safety elastic sheet is a 0.5mm nickel-plated spring steel sheet.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the embodiment, a temperature protection method with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions is provided, in which a temperature protection structure is connected in series with a battery module to form a pseudo battery cell, and when the temperature in the battery module is less than or equal to 50 ℃, the volume of the temperature protection structure is the same as the volume of the battery cell; when the temperature in the battery module is higher than 50 ℃ and lower than 100 ℃, the fire extinguishing medium in the temperature protection structure expands to enable the safety elastic sheet to arch up and disconnect a loop, and when the temperature in the battery module drops to be lower than 50 ℃, the safety elastic sheet falls back and connects a circuit; when the internal temperature of the battery module is higher than 100 ℃, the heat-sensitive sealing bag of the temperature protection structure is expanded to release the fire extinguishing medium.
Example 3
This embodiment provides the temperature protection architecture with excess temperature protection and function of putting out a fire, and this temperature protection architecture's whole appearance and volume match with battery module 7's electric core 8 to carry out the series connection with battery module 7.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the temperature protection structure comprises a heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 and perfluorohexanone packaged in the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1, the adding amount is 100g, the upper end portion of the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 is provided with a plurality of electric connection sheets used for being connected with a battery module 7 in series, the temperature protection structure comprises a first electric connection sheet 2 connected with a positive electrode and a second electric connection sheet 3 connected with a negative electrode, a safety elastic sheet 4 is arranged between the first electric connection sheet 2 and the second electric connection sheet 3, one end of the safety elastic sheet 4 is connected with the first electric connection sheet 2, the other end of the safety elastic sheet is connected with the second electric connection sheet 3, and when the temperature of the heat-sensitive sealing bag 1 rises, a fire extinguishing medium expands to enable the safety elastic sheet 4 to bounce and disconnect the connection between the safety elastic sheet and the electric connection sheets.
Still include top cap 6, be equipped with one-way insulating gasket 5 between top cap 6 and the electricity connection piece.
The heat-sensitive sealing bag is made of an aluminum plastic film with the thickness of 150 mu m or made of a PE and PET composite film, and the safety elastic sheet is a nickel-plated spring steel sheet with the thickness of 1 mm.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the embodiment, a temperature protection method with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions is provided, in which a temperature protection structure is connected in series with a battery module to form a pseudo battery cell, and when the temperature in the battery module is less than or equal to 50 ℃, the volume of the temperature protection structure is the same as the volume of the battery cell; when the temperature in the battery module is higher than 50 ℃ and lower than 100 ℃, the fire extinguishing medium in the temperature protection structure expands to enable the safety elastic sheet to arch up and disconnect a loop, and when the temperature in the battery module drops to be lower than 50 ℃, the safety elastic sheet falls back and connects a circuit; when the internal temperature of the battery module is higher than 100 ℃, the heat-sensitive sealing bag of the temperature protection structure is expanded to release the fire extinguishing medium.
While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions is characterized by comprising a heat-sensitive sealing bag and a fire extinguishing medium packaged in the heat-sensitive sealing bag, wherein a plurality of electric connecting sheets used for being connected with a battery module in series are arranged at the upper end part of the heat-sensitive sealing bag, safety elastic sheets are arranged among the electric connecting sheets, and when the temperature of the heat-sensitive sealing bag rises, the fire extinguishing medium expands to enable the safety elastic sheets to bounce and disconnect the electric connecting sheets; when the temperature is continuously increased, the heat-sensitive sealing bag is burst to release the fire extinguishing medium.
2. The temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrical connection sheet comprises a first electrical connection sheet connected with the positive electrode and a second electrical connection sheet connected with the negative electrode, one end of the safety spring sheet is connected with the first electrical connection sheet, and the other end of the safety spring sheet is connected with the second electrical connection sheet.
3. The temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a top cover, wherein a unidirectional insulating gasket is arranged between the top cover and the electric connection sheet.
4. The temperature protection structure with the functions of over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing according to claim 1, wherein the heat-sensitive sealing bag is matched with the cell volume of the battery module.
5. A temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the heat-sensitive sealing bag is made of an aluminum plastic film with the thickness of 50-150 μm or a composite film of PE and PET.
6. The temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heat-sensitive sealing bag is made of an aluminum plastic film with the thickness of 90-135 μm.
7. The temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the fire extinguishing medium is perfluorohexanone.
8. A temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the fire extinguishing medium is added in an amount of 30-100 g.
9. The temperature protection structure with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the safety elastic sheet is a 0.1-1mm nickel-plated spring steel sheet.
10. A temperature protection method with over-temperature protection and fire extinguishing functions is characterized by comprising the steps of adopting the temperature protection structure of any one of claims 1-9, connecting the temperature protection structure with a battery module in series to form a false battery cell, and when the temperature in the battery module is less than or equal to 50 ℃, ensuring that the volume of the temperature protection structure is the same as that of the battery cell; when the temperature in the battery module is higher than 50 ℃ and lower than 100 ℃, the fire extinguishing medium in the temperature protection structure expands to enable the safety elastic sheet to arch up and disconnect a loop, and when the temperature in the battery module drops to be lower than 50 ℃, the safety elastic sheet falls back and connects a circuit; when the internal temperature of the battery module is higher than 100 ℃, the heat-sensitive sealing bag of the temperature protection structure is expanded to release the fire extinguishing medium.
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| CN113893487B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-11-15 | 西安尚泰安全技术有限责任公司 | Packaging method and multistage atomization treatment method for liquid fire extinguishing medium |
| CN115483512B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-09-08 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | Energy storage device |
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