CN113392551A - Energy absorbing element and lattice energy absorbing structure thereof - Google Patents
Energy absorbing element and lattice energy absorbing structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113392551A CN113392551A CN202110654330.2A CN202110654330A CN113392551A CN 113392551 A CN113392551 A CN 113392551A CN 202110654330 A CN202110654330 A CN 202110654330A CN 113392551 A CN113392551 A CN 113392551A
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- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000418 atomic force spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910003407 AlSi10Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy absorbing element and a dot matrix energy absorbing structure thereof, which comprise two conical tables, wherein each conical table comprises a first surface, a second surface and a side surface, the first surface and the second surface are arranged oppositely up and down, the side surfaces are enclosed between the first surface and the second surface, the area of the second surface is larger than that of the first surface, one ends of the two conical tables, which are positioned on the second surface, are fixedly connected into an integrated structure, a cavity is arranged inside each conical table, and the first surface and the second surface are both provided with holes connected with the cavity. The lattice structure deforms and collapses in a stable and controllable mode, and has no initial peak force under the quasi-static compression condition and a stable change trend along with the displacement change compared with other structures such as a multi-cell tube and the like. The lattice structure is stable because of deformation, the crushing force of the lattice structure is always maintained at a platform value, a quasi-rectangular energy absorption curve is presented in an effective displacement range, and in addition, the compression ratio can be controlled by changing the size of a cell element, so that the energy absorption process is accurate and controllable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buffering and energy absorption, in particular to an energy absorption element and a dot matrix energy absorption structure thereof.
Background
In order to respond to green energy-saving calls, the control of the weight of equipment in the fields of packaging, aerospace, rail transit and the like gradually becomes an important design guideline. The lattice structure is used as an ordered porous material, so that the microstructure of the lattice structure can be optimally designed according to different application requirements on the premise of keeping high porosity, and good specific stiffness and specific strength can be ensured. Therefore, compared with the traditional thin-wall structure, the lattice structure can realize the regulation and control of the mechanical property under the specific application environment while ensuring the personalized design.
Lattice structures are divided into two-dimensional and three-dimensional lattice structures according to different structural forms of the microstructure. The two-dimensional lattice structure is a honeycomb structure obtained by stretching polygons which are arranged in a plane in a third direction; the three-dimensional lattice structure is a space truss structure formed by arranging elements such as rods, plates and the like according to a certain rule in space. Among them, the honeycomb structure is an important energy absorber, and the topological configuration, the structural parameters, the load type and the like have important influences on the mechanical properties of the honeycomb structure. However, these studies have found that under external load, the honeycomb structure may generate an uncontrollable collapse mode, and simultaneously, a high maximum initial peak load value occurs, and the fluctuation amplitude of the load displacement graph is large, so that the precise control is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy absorbing element and a lattice energy absorbing structure thereof, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention firstly discloses an energy absorbing element which comprises two frustum platforms, wherein each frustum platform comprises a first surface, a second surface and a side surface, the first surface and the second surface are arranged oppositely up and down, the side surfaces are arranged between the first surface and the second surface in an enclosing mode, the area of the second surface is larger than that of the first surface, one ends, located on the second surface, of the two frustum platforms are fixedly connected into an integrated structure, a cavity is arranged inside each frustum platform, and the first surface and the second surface are both provided with holes connected with the cavity.
Furthermore, the frustum is a frustum structure with a first surface and a second surface which are parallel.
Furthermore, the prism table is a quadrangular prism table, the first surface and the second surface of the quadrangular prism table are square or rectangular, and the side surfaces are trapezoidal.
Furthermore, the first surface and the second surface of the frustum are square, the side surfaces are isosceles trapezoids, and holes through which the first surface and the second surface penetrate through the cavity are square holes.
Further, the cavity is a frustum-shaped cavity with upper and lower sides penetrating through the first surface and the second surface.
Furthermore, the frustum is a circular truncated cone with a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other.
Further, the two frustum platforms are integrally formed through 3D printing.
Then, the invention discloses a lattice energy absorption structure which comprises a plurality of energy absorption elements, wherein one end of each energy absorption element which is vertically adjacent and close to the first surface is fixedly connected into a whole, and the middle part of each energy absorption element which is horizontally adjacent and close to the second surface is fixedly connected into a whole.
Furthermore, the energy absorbing elements are arrayed along three directions of the space to form a quadrangular frustum pyramid lattice structure.
Further, the rectangular frustum lattice structure is integrally formed through 3D printing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the lattice structure deforms and collapses in a stable and controllable mode, and has no initial peak load under the quasi-static compression condition and stable variation trend of the crushing force along with displacement change compared with other structures such as a multi-cell tube and the like. The lattice structure is stable due to deformation, the crushing force of the lattice structure is always maintained at a platform value, and a quasi-rectangular energy absorption curve is presented in an effective displacement range. In addition, the compression ratio of the rectangular prism table lattice structure can be controlled by changing the size of the cell element, so that the energy absorption process is accurate and controllable.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of an energy absorber element disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an energy absorber element disclosed in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a frustum of an energy absorber element disclosed in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a lattice structure disclosed in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a lattice energy absorbing structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a multicellular tubular structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of a multi-cell tube structure;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an axial compression finite element simulation of a multi-cell tube structure;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an axial compressed finite element simulation of a quadrangular frustum lattice structure;
FIG. 11 is a graph of axial compressive crushing force for a multicellular tube structure and a quadrangular frustum lattice structure;
illustration of the drawings:
1. a frustum; 11. a first side; 12. a second face; 13. a side surface; 14. a cavity.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention first discloses an energy absorbing element, which includes two frustums 1, wherein the frustums 1 may be truncated cones or truncated triangular pyramid structures, truncated rectangular pyramid structures, truncated pentagonal pyramid structures, and other polygonal pyramid structures, and in this embodiment, the frustums 1 are truncated rectangular pyramid structures, so as to facilitate the subsequent formation of a spatial structure with a stable structure. Frustum 1 all includes first face 11, second face 12 and side 13, first face 11 and second face 12 are relative from top to bottom, side 13 encloses to be established between first face 11 and second face 12, the area of second face 12 is greater than first face 11, frustum 1 is the structure that first face 11 and second face 12 link up mutually, and inside is provided with cavity 14, two frustum 1 are close to the one end rigid coupling formula structure that becomes of second face 12, the inside that frustum 1 is, first face 11 and second face 12 all are provided with the hole of being connected with cavity 14, thereby form the induced wall structure of toper.
In this embodiment, the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the frustum 1 are square or rectangular, the cavity 14 is also a quadrangular frustum-shaped cavity, and the through holes of the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are both square, so that the frustum 1 is a shell-shaped structure with uniform wall thickness, and is convenient for subsequent uniform compression and stable deformation.
In the embodiment, the two conical tables 1 are integrally formed by 3D printing, the material adopted in the printing process is AlSi10Mg metal powder, so that complex geometric shapes can be manufactured easily, the AlSi10Mg alloy formed by SLM has compact structure, fine crystal grains, no shrinkage cavity and region segregation, has the strength of the cast AlSi10Mg alloy without any heat treatment, and can also ensure the uniformity of the structure.
Furthermore, the invention discloses a lattice energy absorption structure which comprises a plurality of energy absorption elements in the scheme, wherein one end of each energy absorption element which is vertically adjacent and close to the first surface 11 is fixedly connected into a whole, and the middle part of each energy absorption element which is horizontally adjacent and close to the second surface 12 is fixedly connected into a whole.
In the embodiment, the energy absorbing elements are arrayed along three spatial directions to form a quadrangular frustum pyramid lattice structure, 3D printing is also adopted for forming, and the number of the whole columns in the three directions is set according to an actual application scene.
In this embodiment, the number of cells in the vertical direction (the number of vertical direction frustums 1) is 26, and n is used for the cells in the lateral and longitudinal directions1Denotes the total height h of the structure2And cell height h1The relationship of (1): h is2＝26h1(ii) a t value of 1.6mm, b1＝b2＝37.2mm，a1＝a2＝53.2mm，h2＝400mm，n1＝4。
FIGS. 7 and 8 areDimension of the multi-cell tube of the same size and the same material, h3＝h2＝400mm，c1＝c2＝a1＝a2The material thickness t is likewise 1.6mm, 53.2 mm.
And carrying out axial quasi-static simulation analysis on the two structures. A finite element model is established based on a material tensile test and a quasi-static compression test of a lattice structure, one end of the finite element model is fixed, the other end of the finite element model is compressed by a rigid plate axial load of 10m/s, the deformation mode of the quadrangular frustum lattice structure is shown in figure 10, and the lattice structure can generate a compact deformation mode in a stable and controllable mode according to prefabricated conical induction. For the multi-cell structure used for comparative analysis, the dimensions were the same as for the rectangular prism lattice structure, as shown in FIG. 9. When subjected to an axial compressive load, the structural failure begins in a compact deformation mode and then transforms into a non-compact deformation mode, thus presenting a hybrid mode that has a detrimental effect on energy absorption efficiency. Fig. 11 is an axial compression crushing force curve of the multicellular structure and the quadrangular frustum lattice structure, in which a solid line indicates a crushing force curve of the honeycomb structure and a dotted line indicates a crushing force curve of the quadrangular frustum lattice structure. The initial peak load of the multi-cell tube structure is generated due to the generation of folds, the initial peak load reaches 759.38kN, and moreover, the curve fluctuation amplitude is large; the lattice structure is stable due to deformation, the crushing force of the lattice structure is always maintained at a platform value, and a quasi-rectangular energy absorption curve is presented in an effective displacement range.
In addition, the effective displacement of the lattice structure under the condition of equal total height is found to be larger than that of the multi-cell tube structure by observing the compression crushing force curve of the structure, thereby being beneficial to absorbing energy. Research shows that the compression ratio of the quadrangular frustum lattice structure can be controlled by changing the cell size.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an energy-absorbing element, its characterized in that includes two frustum (1), arbitrary frustum (1) includes first face (11), second face (12) and side (13), relative setting about first face (11) and second face (12), side (13) enclose to be established between first face (11) and second face (12), the area of second face (12) is greater than first face (11), two frustum (1) is located the one end rigid coupling one-piece structure of second face (12), the inside of frustum (1) is provided with cavity (14), first face (11) and second face (12) all be provided with the hole that cavity (14) are connected.
2. Energy absorber element according to claim 1, characterized in that the frustum (1) is of a prismatic structure with a first face (11) and a second face (12) parallel.
3. An energy absorber element according to claim 2, characterized in that the pyramid is a quadrangular pyramid, the first (11) and second (12) faces of which are square or rectangular, and the side faces (13) are trapezoidal.
4. An energy absorber element according to claim 3, characterized in that the first (11) and second (12) faces of the frustum (1) are square, the side faces (13) are isosceles trapezoids, and the holes through the cavity (14) of the first (11) and second (12) faces are square holes.
5. An energy absorber element according to claim 3, characterized in that the cavity (14) is a frustum-shaped cavity which extends through the first (11) and second (12) faces from top to bottom.
6. An energy absorber element according to claim 3, characterized in that the frustum (1) is a circular truncated cone with a first face (11) and a second face (12) parallel to each other.
7. Energy absorber element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the two frustums (1) are integrally formed by 3D printing.
8. A lattice energy absorbing structure comprising a plurality of energy absorbing elements according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein vertically adjacent ones of the energy absorbing elements are fixedly connected to one end of the first face (11) and laterally adjacent ones of the energy absorbing elements are fixedly connected to a middle portion of the second face (12).
9. The lattice energy absorbing structure of claim 8, wherein the energy absorbing elements are arrayed in a rectangular prism lattice structure along three directions in space.
10. The lattice energy absorbing structure of claim 9, wherein the quadrangular frustum lattice structure is integrally formed by 3D printing.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117828881A (en) * | 2024-01-06 | 2024-04-05 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Design method of bionic honeycomb lattice structure |
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| CN110985872A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 中南大学 | Part with lattice structure, lattice structure and lattice cell element |
| CN111659892A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-15 | 同济大学 | Composite energy absorption structure based on diagonal unit precipitation type micro-truss structure and 3D printing method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110985872A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 中南大学 | Part with lattice structure, lattice structure and lattice cell element |
| CN111659892A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-15 | 同济大学 | Composite energy absorption structure based on diagonal unit precipitation type micro-truss structure and 3D printing method thereof |
| CN215642707U (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-01-25 | 中南大学 | Energy absorbing element and lattice energy absorbing structure thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117828881A (en) * | 2024-01-06 | 2024-04-05 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Design method of bionic honeycomb lattice structure |
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