CN113392499B - Electron linear accelerator machine room radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculating method and device - Google Patents

Electron linear accelerator machine room radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculating method and device Download PDF

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CN113392499B
CN113392499B CN202110499535.8A CN202110499535A CN113392499B CN 113392499 B CN113392499 B CN 113392499B CN 202110499535 A CN202110499535 A CN 202110499535A CN 113392499 B CN113392499 B CN 113392499B
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machine room
labyrinth
linear accelerator
shielding
calculating
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CN113392499A (en
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薛向明
古晓娜
杨彪
杨雪
武钊
茹尚敏
梁栋
杨凯
李婷
刘占旗
战景明
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China Institute for Radiation Protection
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculation of an electronic linear accelerator machine room, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s101, according to a dose rate design target value of a machine room, carrying out radiation shielding design on a main shield, a secondary shield, a labyrinth, a protective door and a roof of the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator; s102, selecting concern points outside a main shield, a secondary shield, a labyrinth, a protective door and a roof of a machine room of the electronic linear accelerator, calculating the dose rate of each concern point according to the shield design parameters of the machine room, and verifying the radiation shielding effect; s103, calculating the ozone concentration and the change rule of the ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator is started to operate for a first preset time, and calculating the residual ozone concentration and the change rule of the residual ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room is stopped for a second preset time. By adopting the method, the radiation shielding design and the shielding effect verification of the machine room and the ozone concentration calculation in the machine room can be completed quickly and accurately.

Description

Electron linear accelerator machine room radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculating method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nuclear technology application, in particular to a radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculating method and device for a machine room of an electronic linear accelerator.
Background
In recent years, the electron linear accelerator is widely applied to the fields of industry, agriculture, medical health and the like, creates great economic benefits and social benefits, and becomes an important branch of the application field of nuclear technology. The electron linear accelerator mainly comprises an irradiation accelerator, a flaw detection accelerator, a container inspection accelerator, a medical accelerator and the like according to application fields.
The electronic linear accelerator is usually installed in a machine room with a certain radiation protection function, and the radiation shielding design of the machine room is a professional and complex subject, and is often completed by professional radiation protection designers. In addition, ozone is generated under the action of ionizing radiation and air, and the ozone may accumulate in a machine room after long-time operation, so that certain pollution and harm are caused to workers and the environment.
At present, the radiation shielding design of a machine room generally adopts Monte Carlo simulation calculation and analytic method theoretical calculation. For the problems of complex geometric structure and complex reaction mechanism of particles and cores, a general numerical method cannot be solved, and the Monte Carlo method can more vividly describe the characteristics and physical processes of objects. For an electronic linear accelerator machine room, the source structure is simple and regular, monte Carlo simulation calculation is adopted, the specialty is strong, the modeling is complex, the time consumption is long, and the calculation condition requirement is high. Compared with Monte Carlo simulation, the theoretical calculation method can save a large amount of calculation time and obtain a more conservative and accurate result, so the theoretical calculation method is a good estimation method under the condition that estimation is not required to be very fine or calculation time and calculation conditions are not allowed.
At present, reports No. NCRP49, 51 and 151, IAEA47, national standard GBZ/T201 and the like provide a radiation shielding theory calculation method for an electronic linear accelerator room, and the following problems are faced in the practical application process: the theoretical calculation method has complex models and complex and tedious formula structure, and if professional learning or training is not carried out, the calculation models are difficult to understand; the parameters required by calculation are numerous, the parameter query is difficult, time-consuming and easy to make mistakes, and the traditional manual calculation influences the calculation efficiency and the reliability of results. Therefore, a special computer room radiation shielding calculation software or tool is needed, so that radiation protection personnel can quickly and accurately complete the radiation shielding design or radiation shielding verification calculation of the computer room through simple training.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculating method and device for a machine room of an electronic linear accelerator, which can quickly and accurately complete the design of the radiation shielding and the verification of the shielding effect of the machine room and can be used for calculating the ozone concentration in the machine room.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculation method for an electronic linear accelerator machine room comprises the steps of designing a user interface by using an MATLAB interactive visualization tool, and realizing the following steps based on the user interface:
s101, according to a dose rate design target value of a machine room, carrying out radiation shielding design on a main shield, a secondary shield, a labyrinth, a protective door and a roof of the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator;
s102, selecting concern points outside a main shield, a secondary shield, a labyrinth, a protective door and a roof of the electronic linear accelerator machine room, calculating the dose rate of each concern point according to the design parameters of the machine room shield, and verifying the radiation shielding effect;
s103, calculating the ozone concentration and the change rule of the ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator is started to operate for a first preset time, and calculating the residual ozone concentration and the change rule of the residual ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room is stopped for a second preset time.
Further, in the method as described above, in S102, the focus dose rate of the labyrinth and the guard door of the electronic linear accelerator room is calculated based on the following scattering paths: the main beam is scattered through the workpiece and the labyrinth, the main beam penetrates through the workpiece and is scattered through the main shielding wall and the labyrinth, the leakage radiation is scattered through the labyrinth, the leakage radiation penetrates through the labyrinth inner wall to be radiated, and the main beam penetrates through the labyrinth inner wall and is scattered through the labyrinth.
Further, in the method as described above, in S102, the dose rate at the point of interest of the room of the electronic linear accelerator is calculated when the energy is greater than or equal to 10MeV based on the neutron shielding and the neutron capture gamma ray shielding.
Further, in the method as described above, in S102, the dose rate of interest on the roof of the electronic linear accelerator room is calculated based on the sky backscattering shielding problem.
Further, the method as described above, further comprising:
and providing a parameter query function, an input error checking and prompting function and a calculation result saving and outputting function based on the user interface.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculation of an electronic linear accelerator machine room, which comprises a user interface designed by using an MATLAB interactive visualization tool, and the following modules are realized based on the user interface: the device comprises a main shielding calculation module, a secondary shielding calculation module, a first labyrinth door calculation module, a second labyrinth door calculation module, a sky backscattering calculation module and an ozone concentration calculation module;
the main shielding calculation module is used for calculating the attention point dosage rate of the main shielding of the electronic linear accelerator machine room;
the secondary shielding calculation module is used for calculating the attention point dose rate of secondary shielding of the electronic linear accelerator machine room, including leakage radiation shielding and scattering radiation shielding;
the first labyrinth door calculation module is used for calculating attention point dose rates of a labyrinth and a protection door of the electronic linear accelerator machine room when the energy is less than 10 MeV;
the second labyrinth door calculation module is used for calculating focus point dose rates of the labyrinth and the protection door of the electronic linear accelerator machine room when the energy is greater than or equal to 10 MeV;
the sky backscattering calculation module is used for calculating the attention point dose rate of the roof of the electronic linear accelerator machine room;
the ozone concentration calculation module is used for calculating the concentration and the change rule of ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator is started to operate for a first preset time, and the concentration and the change rule of residual ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room is stopped for a second preset time.
Further, as described above, the first labyrinth door calculation module and the second labyrinth door calculation module are configured to calculate the dose rate of interest for the labyrinth and guard doors of the electric linear accelerator room based on the following scattering paths: the main beam is scattered by the workpiece and the labyrinth, the main beam penetrates through the workpiece and is scattered by the main shielding wall and the labyrinth, the leakage radiation is scattered by the labyrinth, the leakage radiation penetrates through the inner wall of the labyrinth to be radiated, and the main beam penetrates through the inner wall of the labyrinth and is scattered by the labyrinth.
Further, as described above, the second labyrinth door calculation module is configured to calculate the interested dose rate of the labyrinth and the guard door of the room of the electron linear accelerator when the energy is greater than or equal to 10MeV based on neutron shielding and neutron capture gamma ray shielding.
Further, in the above device, the ozone concentration calculating module is used for calculating the concentration of ozone generated by electron beam and the concentration of ozone generated by bremsstrahlung.
Further, the apparatus as described above, further comprising: a parameter query module and a result storage and output module realized based on a user interface;
the parameter query module is used for querying various parameters;
and the result storage and output module is used for storing and outputting the calculation result.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is based on Matlab GUI, programs theoretical calculation methods in IAEA.NO.47, NCRP.NO.151 and GBZ/T201, can quickly and accurately complete the radiation shielding design and the shielding effect verification of a machine room, and can be used for calculating the concentration of ozone in the machine room.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculation method for a machine room of an electron linear accelerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a labyrinth door calculation (< 10 MeV) module sub-interface provided in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sub-interface of the labyrinth door calculation (. Gtoreq.10 MeV) module provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sub-interface of an ozone concentration calculation module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to the radiation shielding theory calculation method in the standards and technical specifications of IAEA.NO.47, NCRP.NO.151, GBZ/T201 and the like, the invention designs a Matlab-based electron linear accelerator room radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculation program, and realizes the following embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculating method for a machine room of an electronic linear accelerator, which comprises the following steps of designing a user interface by using an MATLAB interactive visualization tool and realizing the following steps based on the user interface as shown in figure 1:
s101, according to the dose rate design target value of the machine room, carrying out radiation shielding design on a main shield, a secondary shield, a labyrinth, a protective door and a roof of the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator.
S102, selecting the focus points outside a main shield, a secondary shield, a labyrinth, a protective door and a roof of the electronic linear accelerator machine room, calculating the dose rate of each focus point according to the shield design parameters of the machine room, and verifying the radiation shielding effect.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when performing labyrinth and guard gate shielding calculation, possible scattering paths need to be fully considered, including: the primary beam is scattered (HPS) through the workpiece, labyrinth; the main beam passes through the workpiece, and is scattered (HS) through a main shielding wall and a labyrinth; leakage radiation is scattered via the maze (HLS); leakage radiation through maze inner wall radiation (HLT); the main beam passes through the inner wall of the labyrinth and is scattered by the labyrinth (HQS). Since the photonuclear reaction generates neutrons, the dose rate at the point of interest in the room of the electron linear accelerator at energies greater than or equal to 10MeV needs to be calculated based on neutron shielding (Hn) and neutron capture gamma ray shielding (Hcg). In calculating the dose rate of the concern point of the roof of the electronic linear accelerator room, the sky back scattering shielding problem needs to be considered.
S103, calculating the ozone concentration and the change rule of the ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator is started to operate for a first preset time, and calculating the residual ozone concentration and the change rule of the residual ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room is stopped for a second preset time.
In the embodiment of the invention, a user can input relevant parameters on an interactive interface designed by an MATLAB interactive visualization tool, and the computer room ozone concentration comprises the following steps: the device is started to operate for t time, the ozone concentration and the ozone equilibrium concentration in the machine room, and the time required for reaching the equilibrium concentration and the residual ozone concentration in the machine room during the shutdown time t. In addition, the change rule of the concentration of the ozone in the machine room after the machine is started to operate for the first preset time and the change rule of the concentration of the residual ozone in the machine room after the machine is stopped for the second preset time can be displayed on the interface.
The method further comprises the following steps:
and S104, providing a parameter query function, an input error checking and prompting function and a calculation result saving and outputting function based on the user interface.
In the embodiment of the invention, the interactive interface is also provided with the following various functions and abundant parameter query functions: the query function of parameters such as common material mixed value layers, different-angle incident concrete wall scattering ratios and the like is provided, and the user manual provides a radiation shielding calculation method and an attached table of NCRP.NO.151, so that the query is facilitated for a user. Input error checking and prompting functions: when the result is calculated, if a certain parameter is not input or the input data obviously deviates from the value range which the parameter should have, a warning dialog box is popped up to prompt the user to input or modify. And a calculation result storage and output function: the calculation result can be stored and output in the form of Excel, word and the like, so that a user can apply the data subsequently. The interactive interface has good interactivity: each interface of the program is divided into a parameter input area and a result calculation area according to functions, and the interface is friendly. And the calculation result of the intermediate parameter (such as the accumulation factor B) is given, the program is more like calculation manuscript paper, and the calculation model can be quickly and deeply understood through the use of the program, so that the method has better interactivity.
By adopting the method of the embodiment of the invention, theoretical calculation methods in IAEA.NO.47, NCRP.NO.151 and GBZ/T201 are programmed based on Matlab GUI, rich functions of parameter query and parameter proofreading are provided, a designer can quickly and accurately complete the radiation shielding design and the shielding effect verification of a machine room, and the method can be used for calculating the concentration of ozone in the machine room.
It should be noted that for simplicity of description, the above-mentioned method embodiments are shown as a series of combinations of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited by the order of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the invention. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in this specification are presently preferred and that no acts or modules are required by the invention.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculation in an electronic linear accelerator room, the apparatus including a user interface designed using MATLAB interactive visualization tool, and implementing the following modules based on the user interface: the device comprises a main shielding calculation module, a secondary shielding calculation module, a first labyrinth door calculation module, a second labyrinth door calculation module, a sky backscattering calculation module and an ozone concentration calculation module. Fig. 2 is a main interface of the electron linac mask calculation program, which includes five major parts, a main mask calculation, a secondary mask calculation, a labyrinth door calculation, a sky backscatter calculation, and an ozone concentration calculation. In addition, the device further comprises: a parameter query module and a result storage and output module realized based on a user interface; the parameter query module is used for querying various parameters; and the result storage and output module is used for storing and outputting the calculation result.
In the embodiment of the invention, the main shielding calculation module is used for calculating the main shielding dose rate of the electronic linear accelerator machine room. The secondary shielding calculation module is used for calculating the secondary shielding dose rate of the electronic linear accelerator machine room, and comprises leakage radiation shielding and scattered radiation shielding. The first labyrinth door calculation module is used for calculating labyrinth and protection door dose rates when the energy in the electronic linear accelerator machine room is less than 10 MeV. And the second labyrinth door calculation module is used for calculating the labyrinth and protection door dose rates when the energy in the electronic linear accelerator machine room is more than or equal to 10 MeV.
In the embodiment of the invention, a first labyrinth door calculation module and a second labyrinth door calculation module are used for calculating the dose rates of the labyrinth and the protection door of the electronic linear accelerator machine room based on the following scattering paths: the main beam is scattered through the workpiece and the labyrinth, the main beam penetrates through the workpiece and is scattered through the main shielding wall and the labyrinth, the leakage radiation is scattered through the labyrinth, the leakage radiation penetrates through the labyrinth inner wall to be radiated, and the main beam penetrates through the labyrinth inner wall and is scattered through the labyrinth. And the second labyrinth door calculation module is used for calculating the attention point dose rates of the labyrinth and the protection door in the electronic linear accelerator machine room when the energy is greater than or equal to 10MeV based on the neutron shielding and the neutron capture gamma ray shielding. Fig. 3 is a sub-interface of the first labyrinth door calculation module, i.e., the labyrinth door calculation (< 10 MeV) module, and the total dose of the labyrinth and guard doors at the point of interest can be calculated by inputting relevant parameters on the interface when the energy in the machine room is less than 10 MeV. Fig. 4 is a sub-interface of a second labyrinth door calculation module, i.e., a labyrinth door calculation (not less than 10 MeV) module, where relevant parameters are input on the interface, so that the attention point dose rate of the labyrinth and the guard door when the energy in the machine room is greater than or equal to 10MeV can be calculated.
The sky backscattering calculation module is used for calculating the focus dose rate of the roof of the electronic linear accelerator room.
The ozone concentration calculation module is used for calculating the concentration and the change rule of ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator is started up and runs for a first preset time, and the concentration and the change rule of residual ozone in the machine room after the equipment is stopped for a second preset time. Specifically, the ozone concentration generated by electron beam and the ozone concentration generated by bremsstrahlung are included. Fig. 5 is a sub-interface of the ozone concentration calculation module, and relevant parameters are input on the interface, so that the t-time ozone concentration during startup operation and the t-time ozone concentration after shutdown when the electron beam generates ozone and bremsstrahlung generates ozone can be calculated, and a change rule curve of the ozone concentration during startup operation and a change rule curve of the ozone concentration during shutdown operation can be obtained.
By adopting the device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the MATLAB interactive visualization tool is used for designing and displaying the computer operation user interface, and the operation interface generated by the GUI is used, so that a user can operate without browsing complicated codes. The invention is based on Matlab GUI, the theoretical calculation methods in IAEA.NO.47, NCRP.NO.151 and GBZ/T201 are programmed, and simultaneously, rich functions of parameter inquiry and parameter proofreading are provided, so that a designer can quickly and accurately complete the radiation shielding design and the shielding effect verification of a machine room, and meanwhile, the invention can be used for calculating the ozone concentration in the machine room.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (7)

1. A radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculation method for a machine room of an electronic linear accelerator is characterized by comprising the following steps of designing a user interface by using an MATLAB interactive visualization tool, and realizing the following steps based on the user interface:
s101, according to a dose rate design target value of a machine room, carrying out radiation shielding design on a main shield, a secondary shield, a labyrinth, a protective door and a roof of the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator;
s102, selecting concern points outside a main shield, a secondary shield, a labyrinth, a protective door and a roof of the electronic linear accelerator machine room, calculating the dose rate of each concern point according to the design parameters of the machine room shield, and verifying the radiation shielding effect;
calculating focus point dose rates of a labyrinth and a guard gate of the electronic linear accelerator machine room based on the following scattering paths: the main beam is scattered by the workpiece and the labyrinth, the main beam penetrates through the workpiece and is scattered by the main shielding wall and the labyrinth, the leakage radiation is scattered by the labyrinth, the leakage radiation penetrates through the labyrinth inner wall and is radiated, and the main beam penetrates through the labyrinth inner wall and is scattered by the labyrinth;
calculating the attention point dose rate of the electronic linear accelerator machine room when the energy is more than or equal to 10MeV based on neutron shielding and neutron capture gamma ray shielding;
calculating the focus dose rate of the roof of the electronic linear accelerator machine room based on the sky backscattering shielding problem; s103, calculating the concentration and the change rule of ozone in the electronic linear accelerator machine room after the equipment in the electronic linear accelerator machine room is started and operates for a first preset time, and calculating the concentration and the change rule of residual ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the electronic linear accelerator machine room is stopped for a second preset time.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and providing a parameter query function, an input error checking and prompting function and a calculation result saving and outputting function based on the user interface.
3. An apparatus for radiation shielding and ozone concentration calculation in an electronic linear accelerator room, which is applied to the method of any one of claims 1-2, the apparatus comprising a user interface designed using MATLAB interactive visualization tool, and implementing the following modules based on the user interface: the device comprises a main shielding calculation module, a secondary shielding calculation module, a first labyrinth door calculation module, a second labyrinth door calculation module, a sky backscattering calculation module and an ozone concentration calculation module;
the main shielding calculation module is used for calculating the attention point dosage rate of the main shielding of the electronic linear accelerator machine room;
the secondary shielding calculation module is used for calculating the attention point dose rate of the secondary shielding of the electronic linear accelerator machine room, and the attention point dose rate comprises leakage radiation shielding and scattering radiation shielding;
the first labyrinth door calculation module is used for calculating focus point dose rates of a labyrinth and a protection door of the electronic linear accelerator machine room when the energy is less than 10 MeV;
the second labyrinth door calculation module is used for calculating focus point dose rates of the labyrinth and the protection door of the electronic linear accelerator machine room when the energy is greater than or equal to 10 MeV;
the sky backscattering calculation module is used for calculating the attention point dose rate of the roof of the electronic linear accelerator machine room;
the ozone concentration calculation module is used for calculating the concentration and the change rule of ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room of the electronic linear accelerator is started to operate for a first preset time, and the concentration and the change rule of residual ozone in the machine room after the equipment in the machine room is stopped for a second preset time.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first and second labyrinth door calculation modules are configured to calculate the focus dose rate of the labyrinth and guard doors of the room based on the following scatter paths: the main beam is scattered by the workpiece and the labyrinth, the main beam penetrates through the workpiece and is scattered by the main shielding wall and the labyrinth, the leakage radiation is scattered by the labyrinth, the leakage radiation penetrates through the inner wall of the labyrinth to be radiated, and the main beam penetrates through the inner wall of the labyrinth and is scattered by the labyrinth.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the second labyrinth door calculation module is configured to calculate the dose rate at the point of interest for the labyrinth and guard doors of the room of the electron linear accelerator at an energy greater than or equal to 10MeV based on neutron shielding and neutron capture gamma ray shielding.
6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the ozone concentration calculating module is configured to calculate the electron beam generated ozone concentration and the bremsstrahlung generated ozone concentration.
7. The apparatus of any of claims 3-6, further comprising: a parameter query module and a result storage and output module which are realized based on a user interface;
the parameter query module is used for querying various parameters;
and the result storage and output module is used for storing and outputting the calculation result.
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