CN113391120A - Electric energy metering method for single-phase meter with live wire or zero wire falling - Google Patents
Electric energy metering method for single-phase meter with live wire or zero wire falling Download PDFInfo
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- CN113391120A CN113391120A CN202110601318.5A CN202110601318A CN113391120A CN 113391120 A CN113391120 A CN 113391120A CN 202110601318 A CN202110601318 A CN 202110601318A CN 113391120 A CN113391120 A CN 113391120A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/10—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods using digital techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
- G01R22/066—Arrangements for avoiding or indicating fraudulent use
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electric energy metering method for a single-phase meter to drop a live wire or a zero wire, which can realize accurate metering regardless of electricity stealing behaviors under normal power-on condition or electricity stealing behaviors in a live wire or zero wire drop mode by improving the metering mode of the electric energy meter, and can also realize accurate metering even in some low-voltage application occasions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for continuously measuring when a live wire or a zero wire of an electric energy meter is cut off.
Background
In a normal working state of the electric energy meter, the live current and the neutral current should be balanced, i.e. the live current and the neutral current are the same. In some economically undeveloped countries in south-east Asia and Africa, electricity thieves steal electricity by means of grounding through a zero line or externally connecting a live wire, and the electricity stealing manner is extremely harmful. The zero line grounding electricity stealing mode is that current directly flows into the ground from the zero line without flowing into the electric energy meter, so that the voltage of the electric energy meter is lost. The external connection of the live wire is used for avoiding the current of the live wire from flowing into the electric energy meter, and the live wire adopts an external connection mode to ensure that the voltage of the electric energy meter is lost, thereby achieving the purpose of electricity stealing. In both methods, although the electric energy meter is in voltage loss, current still flows through the live line or the zero line.
In addition, in economically undeveloped countries, if the power supply is insufficient and the load is large, a low-voltage condition occurs, and the condition is also considered when judging electricity stealing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method which can accurately measure electric energy and can also continuously measure the electric energy even if a live wire or a zero wire is disconnected.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the electric energy metering method for the single-phase meter to drop the live wire or the zero wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) when the electric energy meter is normally electrified, when the current of the live wire and the current of the zero line are balanced, the electric energy meter judges to be in a normal working state, the electric energy meter normally meters electricity, when the current of the live wire and the current of the zero line are unbalanced, the electric energy meter judges to be in an electricity stealing state, when the current of the live wire is more than 10% larger than the current of the zero line, the current of the live wire is used for metering, and when the current of the zero line is more than 10% larger than the current of the live wire, the current of the zero line is switched to be in a zero line for metering;
(2) when the electric energy meter loses voltage, get into the low-power consumption state, under the low-power consumption state, awaken up the electric energy meter once regularly, open AD sampling end and measure when awakening up, detect whether have live wire current, zero line current, voltage, if do not have live wire current or zero line current, then judge for normal power down state, the electric energy meter continues to get into the low-power consumption state, if have live wire current or zero line current, then continue to measure:
if the voltage is greater than the threshold voltage, when the live wire current and the zero line current are balanced, the working state is judged to be a low-voltage working state, the power is calculated by directly adopting the current voltage and the current, the electric energy meter carries out normal metering, when the live wire current and the zero line current are unbalanced, the working state is judged to be an electricity stealing state, when the live wire current is more than 10% larger than the zero line current, the live wire current is used for metering, the voltage adopts the current voltage and is converted into corresponding power, when the zero line current is more than 10% larger than the live wire current, the zero line current is switched to be metered, and the voltage adopts the current voltage and is converted into corresponding power;
if the voltage is less than the threshold voltage, if the live wire current and the zero line current are less than the threshold current, the electric energy meter is judged to be in a power-down state, the electric energy meter continues to enter a low power consumption state, if the live wire current or the zero line current exceeds the threshold current, the electric energy meter is judged to be in a power-stealing state, at the moment, the electric energy meter enters a special metering mode, the voltage is metered by adopting the reference voltage, when the live wire current is greater than the zero line current by more than 10%, the live wire current is used for metering, the voltage is converted into the corresponding power by adopting the reference voltage, when the zero line current is greater than the live wire current by more than 10%, the zero line current is switched to be metered, and the voltage is converted into the corresponding power by adopting the reference voltage;
the threshold voltage and the threshold current are set according to different regions.
Preferably, a manganin shunt is arranged on the wire and used for sampling, only one current transformer CT is arranged on the live wire and the zero wire, the live wire and the zero wire penetrate through the primary side of the current transformer CT, when the electric energy meter works normally, the current values of the live wire and the zero wire are the same, the induced current of the current transformer CT is 0, when the electric energy meter is in a low power consumption state due to voltage loss, if the electric energy meter is in a power stealing state, the current of the live wire or the zero wire flows through the induced current, the current transformer CT generates the induced current to charge a power capacitor, and the current transformer CT is used for supplying power to a power supply.
When the electric energy meter is normally powered on and works normally, the live wire current and the zero line current are balanced, the power supply of the electric energy meter is supplied by the power supply circuit, and at the moment, the electric energy meter normally meters electricity, namely, the live wire current measured by the manganin shunt and the voltage measured by the voltage sampling circuit calculate the electric quantity. When live wire current and zero line current are unbalanced, and when exceeding the normal range, this value is 10%, then probably there is the action of stealing electricity, judges for stealing the electric state, uses corresponding big current value to measure, when live wire current is more than 10% than zero line current, uses live wire current to measure, when zero line current is more than 10% than the live wire current, then switches to zero line current and measures. At this time, the power-on condition is normal.
When the live wire or the zero wire is in power failure, the electric energy meter loses voltage and enters a low power consumption state. At this time, the electric energy meter may be in a normal power-down state or in a power-stealing state. The electric energy meter is awakened once at regular time, AD metering is started during awakening, whether live wire current, zero line current and voltage exist or not is detected, if no live wire current or zero line current exists, a normal power failure state is judged, the electric energy meter continues to enter a low power consumption state, and if the live wire current or zero line current exists, metering is continued.
In the case of live current or neutral current, there is also the possibility of a low-voltage operating state due to insufficient power supply. If the voltage is greater than the threshold voltage, when the live wire current and the zero line current are balanced, the low-voltage working state is judged, the power is calculated by directly adopting the current voltage and the current, the electric energy meter performs normal metering, when the live wire current and the zero line current are unbalanced, the electricity stealing state is judged, the metering with the large current value is adopted, and the current voltage is adopted by the voltage. If the voltage is less than the threshold voltage, the electric meter enters a special metering mode at the moment, if the live wire current and the zero wire current are less than the threshold current, the electric meter is judged to be in a power failure state, the electric meter continues to enter a low power consumption state, if the live wire current or the zero wire current exceeds the threshold current, the electric meter is judged to be in a power stealing state, the voltage is metered by adopting the reference voltage, when the live wire current is greater than the zero wire current by more than 10%, the live wire current is used for metering, the voltage adopts the reference voltage and is converted into corresponding power, when the zero wire current is greater than the live wire current by more than 10%, the zero wire current is switched to be metered, the voltage adopts the reference voltage and is converted into the corresponding power, and the threshold voltage and the threshold current are set according to different regions. For example bangladesh requires the threshold voltage to be 30V and the threshold current to be 0.1A.
In addition, when the electric energy meter is normally powered on, the power supply of the electric energy meter is supplied by the power supply circuit, when the power is cut off and the voltage is lost, the power needs to be supplied by the battery, and if the electricity stealing phenomenon exists, the battery is consumed too fast. Therefore, in the application, a current transformer CT is further arranged, and the live wire and the zero line commonly penetrate through the primary side of the current transformer CT. If the electric energy meter is in a normal working state, the vector sum of the live wire and the zero wire on the primary side of the current transformer CT is 0, the induced current of the current transformer CT is 0, the current value of the zero wire can be known through the current of the live wire, and if electricity is stolen, namely when the live wire or the zero wire is disconnected, and the current of the live wire and the zero wire is unbalanced, the current transformer CT generates the induced current to supply power for the electric energy meter. The current transformer can guarantee that the battery power is still not used in the electricity stealing state, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes accurate metering no matter the electricity stealing behavior under the normal power-on condition or the electricity stealing behavior in the mode of line drop of the live wire or the zero line by improving the metering mode of the electric energy meter, and can also realize accurate metering even in some low-voltage application occasions.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
When the electric energy meter is in a normal power-on and normal working state, the current of the live wire and the current of the zero wire are in a balanced state, the power supply circuit is arranged in the electric energy meter to provide power for the electric energy meter, and after the power supply circuit is normally powered off and the electrolytic capacitor in the power supply circuit is completely released, the electric energy meter enters a low-power consumption state and is powered by a battery. In some countries where economy is not reached, insufficient voltage often occurs, so that the normal low voltage condition is also considered when judging whether electricity stealing is needed.
The invention discloses an electric energy metering method for a single-phase meter to drop a live wire or a zero line, wherein a manganin shunt is arranged on the live wire and is used for sampling live wire current, a current transformer CT3 is arranged on the live wire and the zero line, and the live wire and the zero line are both arranged on the primary side of the current transformer CT. When the live wire current and the zero line current are balanced, the live wire current and the zero line current have the same value, the current transformer CT induced current is 0, and the vector sum of the live wire current and the zero line current is 0. When the live wire current and the zero line current are unbalanced, the current transformer CT generates induction current, and the zero line current can be calculated through the induction current and the live wire current. When normally going up the electricity, when live wire electric current and zero line electric current balance, then judge normal operating condition, the electric energy meter normally counts the electricity, when live wire electric current and zero line electric current unbalance appear, then judge for stealing the electricity state, when the live wire electric current is more than 10% than zero line electric current big, use live wire electric current to measure, when the zero line electric current is more than 10% than the live wire electric current big, then switch to the zero line electric current and measure. If the difference between the live current and the zero current is less than 10%, the normal working state is also indicated within the normal error range.
And when the electric energy meter is in voltage loss, entering a low power consumption state. In the low power consumption state, the electric energy meter is awakened once at regular time, AD metering is started during awakening, whether live wire current, zero line current and voltage exist or not is detected, if no live wire current or zero line current exists, the electric energy meter is judged to be in a normal power-down state, the electric energy meter continues to enter the low power consumption state, and if the live wire current or zero line current exists, metering is continued.
If the voltage is greater than the threshold voltage, when the live wire current and the zero line current are balanced, the low-voltage working state is judged, the power is calculated by directly adopting the current voltage and the current, the electric energy meter performs normal measurement, when the live wire current and the zero line current are unbalanced, the electricity stealing state is judged, when the live wire current is greater than the zero line current by more than 10%, the live wire current is used for measurement, the voltage adopts the current voltage and is converted into corresponding power, the constant power register is written in, when the zero line current is greater than the live wire current by more than 10%, the zero line current is switched to be measured, the voltage adopts the current voltage and is converted into corresponding power, and the constant power register is written in.
If the voltage is less than the threshold voltage, the electric energy meter is judged to be in a power-down state, when the live wire current and the zero line current are less than the threshold current, the electric energy meter continues to enter a low power consumption state, if the live wire current or the zero line current exceeds the threshold current, the electric energy meter is judged to be in a power-stealing state, at the moment, the electric energy meter enters a special metering mode, the voltage is metered by adopting reference voltage, when the live wire current is greater than the zero line current by more than 10%, the live wire current is used for metering, the voltage is converted into corresponding power by adopting the reference voltage and is written into a constant power register, and when the zero line current is greater than the live wire current by more than 10%, the zero line current is switched to be metered, the voltage is converted into corresponding power by adopting the reference voltage and is written into the constant power register; the threshold voltage and the threshold current are set according to different regions. For example bangladesh requires the threshold voltage to be 30V and the threshold current to be 0.1A.
In order to reduce the loss of the battery when electricity is stolen, the manganese-copper shunt is arranged on the live wire and used for sampling the current of the live wire, the current transformer CT is arranged on the live wire and the zero line, the live wire and the zero line are both penetrated through the primary side of the current transformer CT, and when the electric energy meter works normally, the current values of the live wire and the zero line are the same, and then the induced current of the current transformer CT is 0. When the electric energy meter is in a low-power consumption state after voltage loss, if the electric energy meter is in an electricity stealing state, current flows through a live wire or a zero line, the current transformer CT generates induced current to charge a power capacitor, the current transformer CT is used for supplying power to a power supply, and the current of the zero line can be obtained according to the live wire current value obtained by sampling the manganin shunt.
When the electric energy meter is normally powered on and works normally, the live wire current and the zero line current are balanced, the power supply is supplied by the power supply circuit, and at the moment, the electric energy meter normally meters electricity, namely, the live wire current measured by the manganin shunt and the voltage measured by the voltage sampling circuit calculate the electric quantity. At this time, if the sum of the current vectors at the primary side of the current transformer CT is 0, the induced current of the current transformer CT is 0. When the live wire current and the zero line current are unbalanced, the current transformer CT generates induced current, and the zero line current value can be calculated through the live wire current, which is equivalent to the sampling function of the zero line current. When the current exceeds the normal range, the value is 10%, electricity stealing behavior is possible, the electricity stealing state is judged, a corresponding large current value is used for metering, when the live wire current is larger than the zero line current by more than 10%, the live wire current is used for metering, and when the zero line current is larger than the live wire current by more than 10%, the zero line current is switched to for metering.
The current of the primary side of the current transformer CT and the induced current of the secondary side of the current transformer CT have a certain proportional relation, and the current of the primary side of the current transformer is the vector sum of live wire current and zero line current, so that the current of the primary side can be obtained according to the induced current, and the zero line current value can be calculated according to the live wire current.
When the live wire or the zero wire is in power failure, the electric energy meter loses voltage and enters a low power consumption state. At this time, the electric energy meter may be in a normal power-down state or in a power-stealing state. The electric energy meter is awakened once at regular time, AD metering is started during awakening, whether live wire current, zero line current and voltage exist or not is detected, if no live wire current or zero line current exists, a normal power failure state is judged, the electric energy meter continues to enter a low power consumption state, and if the live wire current or zero line current exists, metering is continued.
In this case, there is also a possibility that a low-voltage operating state exists due to insufficient power supply. If the voltage is greater than the threshold voltage, if live wire current and zero line current are balanced, then judge as low pressure operating condition, directly adopt current voltage and current calculation power, the electric energy meter carries out normal measurement, when live wire current and zero line current are unbalanced, then judge as stealing the electric state, adopt the big measurement of current value, the voltage adopts current voltage. When the low-voltage electricity stealing state is in a low-voltage state, the low voltage can also maintain the normal operation of the meter, and at the moment, signals induced by the current transformer CT only perform current sampling and do not participate in circuit power supply.
If the voltage is less than the threshold voltage, the electric energy meter is judged to be in a power-down state, when the current of the live wire or the zero wire is less than the threshold current, the electric energy meter continues to enter a low power consumption state, if the current of the live wire or the zero wire exceeds the threshold current, the electric energy meter is judged to be in a power-stealing state, at the moment, the electric energy meter enters a special metering mode, the voltage is metered by adopting reference voltage, when the current of the live wire is more than 10% of the current of the zero wire, the current of the live wire is used for metering, the voltage is converted into corresponding power by adopting the reference voltage and is written into a constant power register, when the current of the zero wire is more than 10% of the current of the live wire, the metering is switched to the current of the zero wire for metering, the voltage is converted into the corresponding power by adopting the reference voltage and is written into the constant power register;
when the electric energy meter is normally powered on, the power supply of the electric energy meter is supplied by the power supply circuit, when the power is cut off and the voltage is lost, the power needs to be supplied by the battery, and if the electricity stealing phenomenon exists, the battery is consumed too fast. Therefore, in the application, a current transformer CT is further arranged, and the live wire 2 and the zero wire 4 commonly penetrate through the primary side of the current transformer CT. If the electric energy meter is in a normal working state, the vector sum of the live wire and the zero wire on the primary side of the current transformer CT is 0, and the induced current of the current transformer CT is 0. If electricity is stolen, namely when the live wire or the zero wire is disconnected and the currents of the live wire and the zero wire are unbalanced, the current transformer CT generates induced current to supply power to the electric energy meter. The current transformer can realize the zero line current sampling function and the power supply function, can ensure that the electric quantity of a battery is still not used in the electricity stealing state, and prolongs the service life of the battery.
The invention realizes accurate metering no matter the electricity stealing behavior under the normal power-on condition or the electricity stealing behavior in the mode of line drop of the live wire or the zero line by improving the metering mode of the electric energy meter, and can also realize accurate metering even in some low-voltage application occasions.
Claims (2)
1. The electric energy metering method for the single-phase meter to drop the live wire or the zero wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) when the electric energy meter is normally electrified, when the current of the live wire and the current of the zero line are balanced, the electric energy meter judges to be in a normal working state, the electric energy meter normally meters electricity, when the current of the live wire and the current of the zero line are unbalanced, the electric energy meter judges to be in an electricity stealing state, when the current of the live wire is more than 10% larger than the current of the zero line, the current of the live wire is used for metering, and when the current of the zero line is more than 10% larger than the current of the live wire, the current of the zero line is switched to be in a zero line for metering;
(2) when the electric energy meter loses voltage, get into the low-power consumption state, under the low-power consumption state, awaken up the electric energy meter once regularly, open AD sampling end and measure when awakening up, detect whether have live wire current, zero line current, voltage, if do not have live wire current, zero line current, then judge for normal power down state, the electric energy meter continues to get into the low-power consumption state, if have live wire current or zero line current, then continues to measure:
if the voltage is greater than the threshold voltage, when the live wire current and the zero line current are balanced, the working state is judged to be a low-voltage working state, the power is calculated by directly adopting the current voltage and the current, the electric energy meter carries out normal metering, when the live wire current and the zero line current are unbalanced, the working state is judged to be an electricity stealing state, when the live wire current is more than 10% larger than the zero line current, the live wire current is used for metering, the voltage adopts the current voltage and is converted into corresponding power, when the zero line current is more than 10% larger than the live wire current, the zero line current is switched to be metered, and the voltage adopts the current voltage and is converted into corresponding power;
if the voltage is less than the threshold voltage, if the live wire current and the zero line current are less than the threshold current, the electric energy meter is judged to be in a power-down state, the electric energy meter continues to enter a low power consumption state, if the live wire current or the zero line current exceeds the threshold current, the electric energy meter is judged to be in a power-stealing state, at the moment, the electric energy meter enters a special metering mode, the voltage is metered by adopting the reference voltage, when the live wire current is greater than the zero line current by more than 10%, the live wire current is used for metering, the voltage is converted into the corresponding power by adopting the reference voltage, when the zero line current is greater than the live wire current by more than 10%, the zero line current is switched to be metered, and the voltage is converted into the corresponding power by adopting the reference voltage;
the threshold voltage and the threshold current are set according to different regions.
2. The method for measuring the power of a single-phase meter without a live wire or a neutral wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a sampling device, including live wire, zero line, current transformer CT is established manganese copper shunt on the live wire and is used for the sampling, the primary side of a current transformer CT is all worn to establish by live wire, zero line, and when the electric energy meter normally worked, live wire and zero line current value are the same, and then current transformer CT induced current is 0, and when the electric energy meter was out of voltage and was got into the low-power consumption state, if was in stealing the electricity state, then live wire or zero line had the current to flow through, and current transformer CT produced the induced current, charges for power capacitor, and current transformer CT is used for the power supply.
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| CN202110601318.5A CN113391120B (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | Electric energy metering method for single-phase meter with live wire or zero wire falling |
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| 欧阳曾恺 等: "集成电能计量及远程互动的微型智能断路器设计", 《计算机测量与控制》 * |
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| CN113391120B (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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