CN113390964B - Sound wave testing device and method for Hopkinson pressure bar testing system - Google Patents
Sound wave testing device and method for Hopkinson pressure bar testing system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4472—Mathematical theories or simulation
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a device capable of testing dynamic damage evolution in the process of damaging solid materials such as rocks, concrete and the like in an in-situ state, provides a sound wave testing device and a sound wave testing method for a Hopkinson pressure bar testing system, and belongs to the field of impact dynamics and the technical field of sound wave testing. The sound wave testing device comprises a testing body, sound wave emitters, sound wave receivers, a sound wave instrument and a data processing system, wherein the testing body is in a hollow cylinder shape, one end of the testing body is inserted into a Hopkinson incident rod, the other end of the testing body is inserted into a Hopkinson transmission rod, one half of the side wall of the testing body is embedded with a plurality of sound wave emitters, and the other half of the side wall of the testing body is embedded with a plurality of sound wave receivers; the sound wave instrument is respectively connected with the sound wave transmitter and the sound wave receiver; the data processing system is connected with the sound wave instrument. The device can dynamically transmit and receive ultrasonic signals when the solid material is damaged by impact, so that a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model of the solid material damaged by impact is constructed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of impact dynamics and the technical field of sound wave testing, and particularly relates to a sound wave testing device and a sound wave testing method for a Hopkinson pressure bar testing system.
Background
The interior of solid materials such as rocks and concrete contain a large number of defects such as holes, joints and cracks, the dynamic characteristics of the solid materials can be better analyzed by researching the damage and damage rules of the materials such as the rocks and the concrete under dynamic impact loading, and the dynamic damage evolution process of the solid materials is known, so that the damage and damage rules of the rocks and the propagation and attenuation rules of sound waves can be analyzed.
The existing technical method for analyzing the internal structure damage of the solid material is mainly based on that before and after the Hopkinson pressure bar impact test, the sample is firstly subjected to the impact test, then the complete sample is taken to calibrate the damage characterization dynamic damage before and after the test of the solid material such as rock, concrete and the like by utilizing CT scanning or nuclear magnetic resonance and the like, and the method has the following defects: the damage measurement of the sample after the impact test can not completely represent the dynamic damage of materials such as rock, concrete and the like, the dynamic damage of the sample in the process of impact damage can not be obtained, the sample is easy to scatter when being damaged by the impact, and the damage measurement of the complete sample can not be ensured; the sample is also easy to cause secondary damage or destruction in the operation processes such as carrying away and processing. Therefore, in order to further study the dynamic damage of the sample in the in-situ state caused by the impact damage process, the above technology cannot be adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device capable of testing the dynamic impact damage evolution process of solid materials such as rocks, concrete and the like in an in-situ state, and provides a sound wave testing device and a sound wave testing method for a Hopkinson pressure bar testing system. The device can dynamically transmit and receive ultrasonic signals when the solid material is damaged by impact, so that a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model of the solid material damaged by impact is constructed.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is that the sound wave testing device for the Hopkinson pressure bar testing system comprises a testing body, a sound wave emitter, a sound wave receiver, a sound wave instrument and a data processing system, wherein the testing body is in a hollow cylinder shape, one end of the testing body is inserted into a Hopkinson incident bar, the other end of the testing body is inserted into a Hopkinson transmission bar, the side wall of the testing body is divided into two parts along the transverse axis direction, a plurality of sound wave emitters are uniformly embedded in one half of the testing body, a plurality of sound wave receivers are uniformly embedded in the other half of the testing body, the sound wave emitters and the sound wave receivers are symmetrically arranged, and a coupling medium injection output hole and an exhaust hole are further arranged on the side wall of the testing body;
the sound wave instrument is respectively connected with the sound wave transmitter and the sound wave receiver;
and the data processing system is connected with the sound wave instrument.
Furthermore, the installation density of the acoustic wave emitter and the acoustic wave receiver of the acoustic wave testing device for the Hopkinson pressure bar testing system is 4/6 mm.
The second technical scheme of the invention is that the sound wave testing method for the Hopkinson pressure bar testing system utilizes the device and comprises the following steps:
1. coating a coupling medium on the surface of the sample, placing the sample into a test body, injecting the coupling medium into the test body, and sealing the test body after the sample is filled with the coupling medium;
2. starting the sound wave transmitter and the sound wave receiver through the sound wave instrument, and measuring original defect characteristics in the sample by using the data processing system;
3. the method comprises the steps of carrying out an impact test by adopting a Hopkinson pressure bar test system, obtaining three-dimensional information (X, Y and Z) of defects in a sample and depth, size and type of the defects by using a data processing system according to collected sound wave signals after the test is finished, then importing characteristics (depth, size and type) of the defects and three-dimensional information data into ANSYS for three-dimensional damage modeling, and then synthesizing and constructing a plurality of three-dimensional damage models to obtain the three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model.
Further, in the acoustic wave testing method for the Hopkinson pressure bar testing system, the coupling medium is butter.
Further, in the acoustic wave test method for the Hopkinson pressure bar test system, the number of the acoustic wave transmitters and the acoustic wave receivers on the test body is calculated according to the length and the installation density of the incident bars and the transmission bars which extend into the test body;
wherein D is F ＝D J ＝L C -(L R +L T )
In the formula D F For the length of the area of the sample corresponding to the acoustic emitter, D J For the length of the area of the sample corresponding to the acoustic receiver, L C To measure the length of the body, L R For the length of the incident rod extending into the test body, L T The length of the transmission rod extending into the test body;
and calculating the length of the area where the sound wave transmitter (or the sound wave receiver) corresponding to the sample is located, and obtaining the number of the sound wave transmitters (or the sound wave receivers) for testing according to the diameter of the test body and the installation density (4/6 mm) of the sound wave transmitters (or the sound wave receivers).
Further, in the sound wave testing method for the hopkinson pressure bar testing system, in the step 3, based on the rule that the propagation speed of the sound wave is much greater than the damage speed of the sample, a plurality of groups of sound wave information can be measured in the sample damage process, that is, sound wave transmission and reception are performed every 50 to 150 μ s.
Further, in the acoustic wave testing method for the hopkinson pressure bar testing system, in the step 3, the method for synthesizing and constructing the plurality of damage models includes:
1) The internal defect characteristics of the sample represented by the damage model obtained by three-dimensional damage modeling corresponding to a certain time point through a single sound wave transmitter and a single sound wave receiver are sheet structures, and all the sheet structures are combined to form the whole structure (columnar structure) of the sample, so that the three-dimensional damage model at the certain time point can be obtained;
2) And (3) fusing three-dimensional damage models at different time points measured in a one-time impact test to construct a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) The device and the method can be used for researching the dynamic damage evolution process of the solid material subjected to the Hopkinson impact test, and can be used for constructing a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model;
2) The invention realizes the dynamic impact damage evolution of solid materials such as rock, concrete and the like under the in-situ state test and the influence thereof on the attenuation rules such as ultrasonic wave propagation speed, amplitude, frequency spectrum and the like, ensures the integrity degree of the damaged sample and is beneficial to the next impact test. According to the propagation process and the propagation rule of the acoustic wave, the expansion condition of cracks or joints in the solid material sample can be inverted, and the three-dimensional damage degree in the sample before and after the Hopkinson impact test is reflected visually.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
wherein, 1, testing the body; 2. an acoustic wave emitter; 3. an acoustic receiver; 4. sampling; 5. the coupling medium is injected into the output hole; 6. an exhaust hole; 7. an incident rod; 8. a transmission rod; 9. a sonic instrument; 10. a data processing system.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A sound wave testing device for a Hopkinson pressure bar testing system comprises a testing body 1, a sound wave emitter 2, a sound wave receiver 3, a sound wave instrument 9 and a data processing system 10, wherein the testing body is in a hollow cylindrical shape, one end of the testing body is inserted into a Hopkinson incident rod 7, the other end of the testing body is inserted into a Hopkinson transmission rod 8, the side wall of the testing body 1 is divided into two parts along the axis direction, one half of the testing body is uniformly embedded with the sound wave emitter 2, the other half of the testing body is uniformly embedded with the sound wave receiver 3, the sound wave emitter 2 and the sound wave receiver 3 are symmetrically arranged, and the side wall of the testing body is further provided with a coupling medium injection output hole 5 and an exhaust hole 6;
the sound wave instrument 9 is respectively connected with the sound wave transmitter and the sound wave receiver;
the data processing system 10 is connected to the sonographer 9.
The number of the sound wave emitters and the sound wave receivers on the test body is calculated according to the length and the density of the incident rod and the transmission rod which extend into the test body: pressable formula D F ＝D J ＝L C -(L R +L T ) Carry out quantity marking, in which D F For the length of the area of the sample corresponding to the acoustic emitter, D J For the length of the area of the sample corresponding to the acoustic receiver, L C To measure the length of the body, L R For the length of the incident rod extending into the test body, L T To penetrate throughThe length of the shooting rod extending into the test body; the length of the area where the sound wave transmitter (or sound wave receiver) corresponding to the sample is located is calculated, the inner diameter of the test body in the embodiment is 50mm, and then the number of the sound wave transmitters (or sound wave receivers) used for testing can be counted according to the distribution density (one/5 mm) of the sound wave transmitters (or sound wave receivers).
The sound wave testing method for the Hopkinson pressure bar testing system by adopting the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. after the surface of the sample 4 is fully coated with the coupling medium, putting the sample into a test body, injecting the coupling medium into the test body, and sealing the test body after the sample is fully injected;
2. starting the sound wave transmitter and the sound wave receiver through the sound wave instrument, and measuring original defect characteristics in the sample by using the data processing system;
3. carrying out sound wave emission and reception once every 100 mu s, implementing an impact test by adopting a Hopkinson pressure bar test system, obtaining three-dimensional information (X, Y and Z) of internal defects of a sample and the depth, size and type of the defects by using a data processing system according to collected sound wave signals after the test is finished, then carrying out three-dimensional damage modeling on the characteristics of the defects and the three-dimensional information data corresponding to a certain time point by using a single sound wave transmitter and a single sound wave receiver, wherein the internal defect characteristics of the sample reflected by a damage model obtained by the three-dimensional damage modeling corresponding to the single sound wave transmitter and the single sound wave receiver at the certain time point are sheet structures, and all the sheet structures are combined to form an integral structure (columnar structure) of the sample, namely obtaining a three-dimensional damage model of the certain time point; secondly, three-dimensional damage models at different time points measured in a primary impact test are fused together, and a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model can be constructed.
Example 2
The device of embodiment 1 is utilized, a granite test piece matched with the inner wall of a test body in size is selected, a coupling medium is fully coated on the surface of the test piece, the test piece is placed in a sound wave test body and filled with the coupling medium, a sound wave instrument is turned on to measure the original defect characteristics in the test piece, then an impact test is carried out, and a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model is constructed by utilizing collected sound wave signals based on a data processing system.
Example 3
The device of embodiment 1 is utilized to select a plurality of marble test pieces with the same size, the surface of each test piece is coated with a coupling medium, each test piece is placed in a sound wave test body to be filled with the coupling medium, a sound wave instrument is turned on to measure the original defect characteristics in each test piece, then an impact test is carried out, and a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model is constructed by utilizing collected sound wave signals based on a data processing system.
Example 4
The device of embodiment 1 is utilized, a firm limestone test piece is selected, a coupling medium is fully coated on the surface of the test piece, the test piece is placed in a sound wave test body and filled with the coupling medium, a sound wave instrument is opened to measure original defect characteristics in the test piece, then a circular impact test is carried out, and a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model is constructed by utilizing collected sound wave signals based on a data processing system.
Claims (5)
1. A sound wave test method for a Hopkinson pressure bar test system adopts a sound wave test device, and comprises a test body, a sound wave emitter, a sound wave receiver, a sound wave instrument and a data processing system, wherein the test body is in a hollow cylinder shape, one end of the test body is inserted into a Hopkinson incident bar, the other end of the test body is inserted into a Hopkinson transmission bar, the side wall of the test body is divided into two parts along the transverse axis direction, one part of the side wall is uniformly embedded with a plurality of sound wave emitters, the other part of the side wall is uniformly embedded with a plurality of sound wave receivers, the sound wave emitters and the sound wave receivers are symmetrically arranged, and the side wall of the test body is also provided with coupling medium injection output holes and exhaust holes;
the sound wave instrument is respectively connected with the sound wave transmitter and the sound wave receiver;
the data processing system is connected with the acoustic wave instrument;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) After the surface of the sample is fully coated with the coupling medium, the sample is placed into a test body, the coupling medium is injected into the test body, and the test body is sealed after the coupling medium is fully injected;
2) Starting the sound wave transmitter and the sound wave receiver through the sound wave instrument, and measuring original defect characteristics in the sample by using the data processing system;
3) The method comprises the steps of carrying out an impact test by adopting a Hopkinson pressure bar test system, obtaining three-dimensional information of defects in a sample and depth, size and type of the defects by using a data processing system according to collected sound wave signals after the test is finished, carrying out three-dimensional damage modeling on the characteristics of the defects and three-dimensional information data corresponding to a single sound wave transmitter and a single sound wave receiver at a certain time point, and then synthesizing and constructing a plurality of three-dimensional damage models to obtain a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model.
2. The acoustic testing method for the Hopkinson pressure bar test system according to claim 1, wherein the installation density of the acoustic transmitter and the acoustic receiver is 4 to 6mm.
3. The acoustic wave testing method for the hopkinson pressure bar testing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the set number of the acoustic wave transmitters and the acoustic wave receivers on the test body is calculated according to the length and the mounting density of the incident bars and the transmission bars which extend into the test body;
wherein,D F =D J =L C -（L R +L T ）
in the formulaD F For the length of the region of the sample corresponding to the acoustic transmitter,D J the length of the sample corresponding to the region in which the sonic receiver is located,L C in order to measure the length of the body,L R for the length of the entrance rod extending into the test body,L T the length of the transmission rod extending into the test body;
and calculating the length of the area where the acoustic wave transmitter or the acoustic wave receiver corresponding to the sample is located, and obtaining the number of the acoustic wave transmitters or the acoustic wave receivers for testing according to the diameter of the test body and the installation density of the acoustic wave transmitters or the acoustic wave receivers.
4. The acoustic wave test method for the Hopkinson pressure bar test system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 3), the acoustic wave is transmitted and received every 50 to 150 μ s.
5. The acoustic wave testing method for the hopkinson pressure bar testing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 3), the method for synthesizing and constructing the plurality of damage models comprises the following steps:
1) The internal defect characteristics of the sample embodied by the damage model obtained by three-dimensional damage modeling corresponding to a certain time point of a single sound wave transmitter and receiver are sheet structures, and all the sheet structures are combined to form the whole structure of the sample, so that the three-dimensional damage model at the certain time point can be obtained;
2) Three-dimensional damage models at different time points measured in a primary impact test are fused together, and a three-dimensional dynamic damage evolution model can be constructed.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106483028A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-08 | 山东非金属材料研究所 | A kind of Hopkinson pressure bar test device |
| CN107941595A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-04-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of method that Simulations on Dynamic Damage in Brittle Rocks degree is measured under the conditions of confined pressure |
| CN110618198A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-12-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Test method for non-contact measurement of rock wave velocity in fidelity environment |
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| US7757559B2 (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2010-07-20 | Magnetic Analysis Corporation | Oblique flaw detection using ultrasonic transducers |
| CN101769837B (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-12-05 | 宁波大学 | Dynamic compression experimental method of Hopkinson pressure bar |
| EP2843401A1 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-04 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | System and method for defect monitoring |
| CN109406312B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-03-23 | 深圳大学 | True triaxial Hopkinson bar solid dynamic damage and ultrasonic propagation test method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106483028A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-08 | 山东非金属材料研究所 | A kind of Hopkinson pressure bar test device |
| CN107941595A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-04-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of method that Simulations on Dynamic Damage in Brittle Rocks degree is measured under the conditions of confined pressure |
| CN110618198A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-12-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Test method for non-contact measurement of rock wave velocity in fidelity environment |
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