CN113390139A - Carbon dioxide heat pump system - Google Patents

Carbon dioxide heat pump system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113390139A
CN113390139A CN202110577518.1A CN202110577518A CN113390139A CN 113390139 A CN113390139 A CN 113390139A CN 202110577518 A CN202110577518 A CN 202110577518A CN 113390139 A CN113390139 A CN 113390139A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
carbon dioxide
pump system
heat pump
electromagnetic valve
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CN202110577518.1A
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CN113390139B (en
Inventor
赵建峰
潘祖栋
倪秒华
徐东卿
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Zhejiang Dunan Electro Mechanical Technology Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Dunan Electro Mechanical Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/37—Capillary tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/28—Means for preventing liquid refrigerant entering into the compressor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide heat pump system, which comprises a gas-side main loop, wherein the gas-side main loop comprises a compressor, a high-pressure oil separator, a gas cooler, a heat regenerator, a throttling device and an evaporator which are connected through a pipeline; and the water side loop and the heat exchanger on the second branch of the high-pressure oil loop are mutually connected for heat exchange, and are simultaneously mutually communicated with the gas cooler of the gas side main loop. The invention adopts the water side loop to be respectively communicated with the high-pressure oil loop and the gas side main loop, thereby fully utilizing the heat generated by the carbon dioxide heat pump system.

Description

Carbon dioxide heat pump system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a carbon dioxide heat pump system.
Background
The carbon dioxide refrigerant as a fourth generation refrigerant has the characteristics of environmental protection, no toxicity and no combustion, and the carbon dioxide heat pump also has the characteristics of high-temperature water outlet and high-efficiency heating at low environmental temperature, thereby having good market prospect.
The existing carbon dioxide heat pump system is provided with refrigeration oil for the compressor by arranging an oil return branch, so that the reduction of the lubricating effect of the compressor caused by too little refrigeration oil in the running process of the compressor can be avoided, and the stability of the system is influenced; however, the existing oil return branch often exchanges heat with a low-temperature pipeline in the main gas path of the oil return branch after passing through the evaporator, so that heat generated by the carbon dioxide heat pump system cannot be fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved carbon dioxide heat pump system, which provides a water-side loop to connect the water-side loop to an oil return branch of the carbon dioxide heat pump system in a heat exchange manner, so as to fully utilize the heat of the oil return branch, and simultaneously connect the water-side loop to a main loop of the carbon dioxide heat pump system in a heat exchange manner, thereby fully utilizing the heat of the carbon dioxide heat pump system.
The invention provides a carbon dioxide heat pump system, which comprises a gas-side main loop, wherein the gas-side main loop comprises a compressor, a high-pressure oil separator, a gas cooler, a heat regenerator, a throttling device and an evaporator which are connected through a pipeline, when the carbon dioxide heat pump system is used for heating, a refrigerant compressed by the compressor is high-temperature high-pressure gas and is sent into the high-pressure oil separator, the high-pressure oil separator separates out refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas is separated from the high-pressure oil separator, enters the gas cooler for heat exchange and then is changed into low-temperature high-pressure gas or liquid, then enters the heat regenerator, enters the throttling device after exiting the heat regenerator and is changed into low-pressure low-temperature liquid or gas-liquid two-phase, and then enters the evaporator to be changed into low-pressure superheated gas, the carbon dioxide heat pump system comprises a water-side loop, the water-side loop comprises a first loop and a second loop, the first loop comprises a fifth electromagnetic valve and a second loop which are connected through a pipeline, The water pump and the regulating valve, the second loop comprises a sixth electromagnetic valve and a seventh electromagnetic valve which are connected with the water pump through pipelines, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve are respectively arranged at the inlet ends of the first loop and the second loop to control water inflow, the regulating valve is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger, and the seventh electromagnetic valve and the heat exchanger are connected with the inlet of the gas cooler.
Preferably, the waterside circuit comprises two operating states:
(1) when the temperature of the inlet water is low, the first loop is operated, the second loop is closed, the inlet water sequentially passes through the fifth electromagnetic valve, the water pump, the regulating valve and the heat exchanger, the temperature is increased by heating in the heat exchanger, and finally the inlet water enters the gas cooler;
(2) when the temperature of the inlet water is high, the first loop is closed, the second loop runs, and the inlet water sequentially passes through the sixth electromagnetic valve, the water pump and the seventh electromagnetic valve and finally enters the gas cooler.
Preferably, this carbon dioxide heat pump system still includes high-pressure oil return circuit, high-pressure oil return circuit includes the third solenoid valve of being connected through pipeline and high-pressure oil content ware, and the export of third solenoid valve divide into two parallelly connected branches, and first branch road includes through the fourth solenoid valve and the third capillary of tube coupling, and the second branch road is including connecting the heat exchanger on second branch road pipeline, and two parallelly connected branches converge to the compressor import jointly.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide heat pump system further comprises a buffer device arranged between the outlet of the regenerator and the inlet of the throttling device, and the refrigerant is temporarily stored in the buffer device when the system is stopped.
Preferably, the buffer device comprises an eighth solenoid valve and a buffer tank, when the system is shut down, the eighth solenoid valve is closed, part of high-pressure gas is stored in the buffer tank, and when the system is started, the eighth solenoid valve is opened.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide heat pump system further comprises a hot gas bypass circuit comprising a first solenoid valve and a first capillary tube connected between the high pressure oil separator and the evaporator by a pipeline.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide heat pump system further comprises a hot gas make-up circuit comprising a second solenoid valve and a second capillary tube connected between the high pressure oil separator and the compressor by piping.
Preferably, during defrosting operation, the refrigerant flows through the hot gas bypass circuit, and the refrigerant flows to the high-pressure oil separator, the first electromagnetic valve, the first capillary tube and finally to the inlet of the evaporator; meanwhile, the refrigerant flows through the hot gas supplement circuit, and the refrigerant flows to the high-pressure oil separator, the second electromagnetic valve, the second capillary tube and finally to the inlet of the compressor.
Preferably, the gas-side main loop further comprises a three-way reversing valve and a gas-liquid separator, and the low-pressure superheated gas from the evaporator is switched to flow by the three-way reversing valve, or enters the heat regenerator through the three-way reversing valve, returns to the gas-liquid separator and then reaches the inlet of the compressor; or directly passes through a three-way reversing valve and then is conveyed to a gas-liquid separator and then to the inlet of the compressor.
Preferably, the throttling device is one of an expansion valve, an orifice plate and a capillary tube, or any one of a series-parallel combination of the expansion valve, the orifice plate and the capillary tube.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the water side loop is provided with a first loop and a second loop, cold water and hot water are respectively fed in, and the switches are controlled by corresponding electromagnetic valves, so that the oil temperature can be reduced and the water temperature can be increased by the heat exchanger when cold water is fed in, the heat of the refrigeration oil can be fully utilized, and the heat can be utilized to the maximum.
2. The refrigerant is separated from the freezing oil by the high-pressure oil separator, so that the oil content in the gas cooler is reduced, the heat exchange effect can be improved, and the heating capacity and the energy efficiency of the system are improved.
3. And a buffer device is arranged between the outlet of the regenerator and the inlet of the throttling device, and when the system is stopped, the refrigerant is temporarily stored in the buffer device to reduce the pressure of the low-pressure side of the system.
4. The hot gas bypass loop is arranged and used for hot gas bypass defrosting of the heat pump.
5. A hot gas supplement circuit is provided for preventing liquid entrainment in the compressor return gas line during defrost operation.
6. The flow direction is switched by the three-way reversing valve, whether the heat regenerator is used or not can be selected according to working conditions, and the energy efficiency of the system is achieved
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional carbon dioxide heat pump heating system;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
1-compressor, 2-high pressure oil separator, 3-gas cooler, 4-heat regenerator, 5-throttling device, 6-evaporator, 7-three-way reversing valve, 8-gas-liquid separator, 9-first solenoid valve, 10-first capillary, 11-second solenoid valve, 12-second capillary, 13-third solenoid valve, 14-fourth solenoid valve, 15-third capillary, 16-heat exchanger, 17-fifth solenoid valve, 18-sixth solenoid valve, 19-water pump, 20-regulating valve, 21-seventh solenoid valve, 22-eighth solenoid valve and 23-buffer tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted on" another element, it can be directly mounted on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly secured to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "or/and" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a carbon dioxide heat pump system includes a gas-side main circuit, the gas-side main circuit includes a compressor 1, a high-pressure oil separator 2, a gas cooler 3, a regenerator 4, a throttling device 5, and an evaporator 6, which are connected by a pipeline, when the carbon dioxide heat pump system is in heating operation, the compressor 1 compresses refrigerant into high-temperature high-pressure gas and sends the high-temperature high-pressure gas into the high-pressure oil separator 2, the high-pressure oil separator 2 separates refrigerant oil, the refrigerant gas enters the gas cooler 3 (with flow direction being e and f) after separating from the high-pressure oil separator 2, and is changed into low-temperature high-pressure gas or liquid after heat exchange, then enters the regenerator 4 (with flow direction being i and j), and enters the throttling device 5 after leaving the regenerator, and is changed into low-temperature liquid or gas-liquid two-phase, and then enters the evaporator 6, and is changed into low-pressure superheated gas.
In order to overcome the defect that the heat exchanger contains refrigeration oil and the heat exchange effect is not ideal, in this embodiment, the carbon dioxide heat pump system further comprises a high-pressure oil return loop, the high-pressure oil return loop comprises a third electromagnetic valve 13 connected with the high-pressure oil separator 2 through a pipeline, an outlet of the third electromagnetic valve 13 is divided into two parallel branches, the first branch comprises a fourth electromagnetic valve 14 and a third capillary 15 which are connected through a pipeline, the second branch comprises a heat exchanger 16, and the two parallel branches are converged to an inlet of the compressor 1 together.
The carbon dioxide heat pump system further comprises a water side loop, the water side loop comprises a first loop and a second loop, the first loop comprises a fifth electromagnetic valve 17, a water pump 19 and an adjusting valve 20 which are connected through pipelines, the second branch comprises a sixth electromagnetic valve 18 and a seventh electromagnetic valve 21 which are connected with the water pump 19 through pipelines, the fifth electromagnetic valve 17 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 18 are respectively arranged at the inlet ends of the first loop and the second loop and used for controlling water inflow, the adjusting valve 20 is connected with an inlet of the heat exchanger 16, and the seventh electromagnetic valve 21 and the heat exchanger 16 are connected with an inlet of the gas cooler 3.
The water side loop of the system operates in two conditions:
(1) when the temperature of intaking is low, the first return circuit operation, the second return circuit is closed, and the temperature of intaking when low can be realized to the intaking in proper order fifth solenoid valve 17, water pump 19, governing valve 20, heat exchanger 16 (flow direction is c, d mouthful), gas cooler 3 (flow direction is g, h mouthful), promotes the temperature of intaking through heat exchanger 16, fully absorbs the heat of refrigeration oil, promotes the system efficiency.
(2) When the water inlet temperature is high, the first loop is closed, the second loop runs, the water enters the gas cooler 3 sequentially through the sixth electromagnetic valve 18, the water pump 19 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 21 (the flow direction is g and h), and the cyclic heating at the high water inlet temperature can be realized.
The two loops are switched according to the temperature of inlet water, and the temperature can be preset by distinguishing the temperature, so that the heat pump system can be directly operated at one time (low temperature and small flow rate) and can be operated in a heat preservation mode (high temperature and large flow rate).
According to the above analysis, it can be known that the high-pressure oil return loop is used for decompressing and cooling the refrigeration oil separated by the high-pressure oil separator 2 back to the inlet of the compressor 1 through the two parallel branches, and meanwhile, the temperature of the refrigeration oil can be reduced through the heat exchanger 16 and the temperature of the inlet water can be raised, so that the heat of the refrigeration oil can be fully utilized.
Wherein,
(1) when the temperature of the inlet water is low, the third electromagnetic valve 13 is opened, the fourth electromagnetic valve 14 is closed, the refrigeration oil exchanges heat with the water side of the heat exchanger (the flow direction is ports a and b) through the heat exchanger 16 (the flow direction is ports c and d), the oil temperature is reduced, and the refrigeration oil enters the inlet of the compressor 1.
(2) When the temperature of the inlet water is high, the fourth electromagnetic valve 14 is opened, the temperature of the oil is reduced by heat exchange between the third capillary tube 15 and the air, and the oil enters the inlet of the compressor 1.
In conclusion, the high-pressure oil separator 2 is adopted to separate the refrigerant from the refrigerant oil, so that the oil content in the gas cooler 3 is reduced, the heat exchange effect can be improved, and the heating capacity and the energy efficiency of the system are improved, in addition, the oil temperature can be reduced through the heat exchanger 16, the water temperature can be increased, the heat can be utilized to the maximum degree, and finally, the fourth electromagnetic valve 14 is switched through the switch, so that the refrigerant oil can be respectively cooled by water or air.
The method aims to overcome the defect that the system energy efficiency is not optimal due to the fact that a heat regenerator is not used or is always applied in the prior art. The gas side main loop also comprises a three-way reversing valve 7 and a gas-liquid separator 8, wherein low-pressure superheated gas from the evaporator 6 is switched to flow by the three-way reversing valve 7, or enters the heat regenerator 4 (flow directions k and l) through the three-way reversing valve 7 (flow directions m and n) and returns to the gas-liquid separator 8, and then enters the inlet of the compressor 1; or directly passes through a pipeline to a gas-liquid separator 8 after passing through a three-way reversing valve 7 (the flow direction is m and o ports), and then to the inlet of the compressor 1.
This condition is illustrated but not limited to: when the temperature of inlet water is higher than the ambient temperature, when the temperature of water entering the gas cooler 3 (the flow direction is g and h) is higher, the temperature of an outlet f of the gas cooler 3 (the flow direction is e and f) is directly influenced, if the heat regenerator 4 is not arranged, the throttling is directly performed, the refrigerating capacity is small, and the energy efficiency of the system is lower; if the situation is switched to the situation (1), after the heat regenerator 4 (the flow directions of the ports i and j) and the heat regenerator 4 (the flow directions of the ports k and l) exchange heat, the enthalpy value of the refrigerant at the outlet of the heat regenerator 4 (the flow directions of the ports i and j) is increased, the refrigerating capacity is increased after throttling, and the energy efficiency of the system is increased. When the water inlet temperature is low and the environment temperature is high, the evaporation temperature is higher than the outlet temperature of the gas cooler 3, if the water passes through the heat regenerator 4, the j outlet temperature of the heat regenerator 4 is increased, the enthalpy value of a refrigerant is reduced, the refrigerating capacity is reduced, the energy efficiency of the system is low, at the moment, the three-way reversing valve 7 (the flow direction is m and o ports) needs to be switched, and the heat regenerator is not used. According to the scheme, the three-way reversing valve 7 can be used for switching under different working conditions, so that whether the heat regenerator 4 is used or not can be selected by the system, the energy efficiency COP of the system is optimal under all working conditions, and the problems that the heat regenerator is not available or is not used fixedly and the energy efficiency of the system is not high all the year around are solved.
In order to solve the problem of heat pump defrosting, the carbon dioxide heat pump system can further comprise a hot gas bypass circuit, wherein the hot gas bypass circuit comprises a first electromagnetic valve 9 and a first capillary tube 10 which are connected between the high-pressure oil separator 2 and the evaporator 6 through pipelines, and the hot gas bypass circuit is used for hot pump hot gas bypass defrosting.
Furthermore, the problem that the service life of the compressor is influenced because liquid is brought by the air suction port of the compressor when the system control or the defrosting control is not good is solved. The carbon dioxide heat pump system further comprises a hot gas make-up circuit comprising a second solenoid valve 11 and a second capillary tube 12 connected between the high pressure oil separator 2 and the compressor 1 by piping. During defrosting operation, the refrigerant flows through the hot gas bypass circuit, and the refrigerant flows to the high-pressure oil separator 2, the first electromagnetic valve 9, the first capillary tube 10 and finally to the inlet of the evaporator 6; meanwhile, the refrigerant flows through the hot gas supplement circuit, and the refrigerant flows to the high-pressure oil separator 2, the second electromagnetic valve 11, the second capillary tube 12 and finally to the inlet of the compressor 1. Therefore, the problem that liquid is brought to the service life of the compressor due to poor control of overheat of an evaporator outlet during defrosting is solved, and the inlet pipeline of the compressor 1 is free of liquid through hot gas supplement, so that the reliable operation of the compressor is ensured.
The technical problems that the static pressure is high when the system is stopped, the pressure-bearing grade of a low-pressure side part is increased and the manufacturing cost is increased are solved. The carbon dioxide heat pump system can also further comprise a buffer device arranged between the outlet of the heat regenerator 4 and the inlet of the throttling device 5, wherein the buffer device comprises an eighth electromagnetic valve 22 and a buffer tank 23, when the system is stopped, the eighth electromagnetic valve 22 is closed, part of high-pressure gas is stored through the buffer tank 23, and when the system is started, the eighth electromagnetic valve 22 is opened. Therefore, the capacity of the low-pressure side refrigerant is reduced when the system is stopped, the risk of pressure rise caused by the rise of the ambient temperature is reduced, and the pressure bearing grade and the manufacturing cost of the low-pressure side part are reduced.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned throttling device may be one of a common expansion valve, an orifice plate and a capillary tube, or may be any one of a series-parallel combination of an expansion valve, an orifice plate and a capillary tube.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and may be embodied in many different forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
The features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the features in the above-described embodiments are not described, but should be construed as being within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the features.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that suitable changes and modifications of the above embodiments are within the scope of the claimed invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A carbon dioxide heat pump system comprises a gas side main loop, wherein the gas side main loop comprises a compressor, a high-pressure oil separator, a gas cooler, a heat regenerator, a throttling device and an evaporator which are connected through a pipeline, when the carbon dioxide heat pump system is used for heating, a refrigerant compressed by the compressor is high-temperature high-pressure gas and is sent to the high-pressure oil separator, the high-pressure oil separator separates out refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas is separated from the high-pressure oil separator, enters the gas cooler for heat exchange and then becomes low-temperature high-pressure gas or liquid, then enters the gas cooler, then enters the heat regenerator, then enters the throttling device after exiting the heat regenerator to become low-pressure low-temperature liquid or gas-liquid two-phase, and then enters the evaporator to become low-pressure superheated gas The water pump and the regulating valve, the second loop comprises a sixth electromagnetic valve and a seventh electromagnetic valve which are connected with the water pump through pipelines, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve are respectively arranged at the inlet ends of the first loop and the second loop to control water inflow, the regulating valve is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger, and the seventh electromagnetic valve and the heat exchanger are connected with the inlet of the gas cooler.
2. A carbon dioxide heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein: the water side loop comprises two working states:
(1) when the temperature of the inlet water is low, the first loop is operated, the second loop is closed, the inlet water sequentially passes through the fifth electromagnetic valve, the water pump, the regulating valve and the heat exchanger, the temperature is increased by heating in the heat exchanger, and finally the inlet water enters the gas cooler;
(2) when the temperature of the inlet water is high, the first loop is closed, the second loop runs, and the inlet water sequentially passes through the sixth electromagnetic valve, the water pump and the seventh electromagnetic valve and finally enters the gas cooler.
3. A carbon dioxide heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein: this carbon dioxide heat pump system still includes high-pressure oil return circuit, high-pressure oil return circuit includes the third solenoid valve of being connected through pipeline and high-pressure oil content ware, and the export of third solenoid valve divide into two parallelly connected branch roads, and first branch road includes fourth solenoid valve and the third capillary through the tube coupling, and the second branch road is including connecting the heat exchanger on second branch road pipeline, and two parallelly connected branch roads converge to the compressor import jointly.
4. A carbon dioxide heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide heat pump system also comprises a buffer device arranged between the outlet of the regenerator and the inlet of the throttling device, and the refrigerant is temporarily stored in the buffer device when the system is stopped.
5. A carbon dioxide heat pump system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the buffer device comprises an eighth electromagnetic valve and a buffer tank, when the system is stopped, the eighth electromagnetic valve is closed, part of high-pressure gas is stored in the buffer tank, and when the system is started, the eighth electromagnetic valve is opened.
6. A carbon dioxide heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide heat pump system further comprises a hot gas bypass circuit, wherein the hot gas bypass circuit comprises a first electromagnetic valve and a first capillary tube which are connected between the high-pressure oil separator and the evaporator through pipelines.
7. A carbon dioxide heat pump system according to claim 6, wherein: the carbon dioxide heat pump system further comprises a hot gas supplement circuit, wherein the hot gas supplement circuit comprises a second electromagnetic valve and a second capillary tube which are connected between the high-pressure oil separator and the compressor through pipelines.
8. A carbon dioxide heat pump system according to claim 7, wherein: during defrosting operation, the refrigerant flows through the hot gas bypass circuit, and the refrigerant flows to the high-pressure oil separator, the first electromagnetic valve, the first capillary tube and finally to the inlet of the evaporator; meanwhile, the refrigerant flows through the hot gas supplement circuit, and the refrigerant flows to the high-pressure oil separator, the second electromagnetic valve, the second capillary tube and finally to the inlet of the compressor.
9. A carbon dioxide heat pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the gas side main loop also comprises a three-way reversing valve and a gas-liquid separator, and low-pressure superheated gas from the evaporator is switched to flow by the three-way reversing valve, or enters the heat regenerator through the three-way reversing valve and returns to the gas-liquid separator and then to the inlet of the compressor; or directly passes through a three-way reversing valve and then is conveyed to a gas-liquid separator and then to the inlet of the compressor.
10. A carbon dioxide heat pump system according to claim 9, wherein: the throttling device is one of an expansion valve, a throttling orifice plate and a capillary tube, or any structure of serial-parallel combination of the expansion valve, the throttling orifice plate and the capillary tube.
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