CN113389784B - Intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device and method for self-lubricating joint bearing gasket - Google Patents
Intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device and method for self-lubricating joint bearing gasket Download PDFInfo
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- CN113389784B CN113389784B CN202110736937.5A CN202110736937A CN113389784B CN 113389784 B CN113389784 B CN 113389784B CN 202110736937 A CN202110736937 A CN 202110736937A CN 113389784 B CN113389784 B CN 113389784B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004807 desolvation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene core Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
- F16B11/006—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device and method for a self-lubricating joint bearing liner, wherein a processing device comprises a self-adaptive heat flow sensing system, an intelligent control system and a prepressing system; the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: placing the bearing outer ring with the liner adhered thereon in an open environment with certain temperature and wind speed, volatilizing a solvent from the liner and an adhesive into air, calculating the volatilization degree of the solvent in real time according to the real-time monitored weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner adhered thereon in the volatilization process of the solvent, and adjusting the temperature and the wind speed in real time according to the volatilization degree of the solvent, so that the solvent in the liner and the adhesive is fully volatilized, and applying pressure to the liner to enable the liner to expand radially after the solvent is completely volatilized; the peeling strength of the gasket and the bearing outer ring is 1.61-1.95N/mm, and the standard deviation of the peeling force of the gasket and the bearing outer ring is 1-3. The invention greatly shortens the desolventizing time and improves the bonding efficiency and the bonding performance of the gasket.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing of bearing liners, and relates to an intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device and method for a self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner.
Background
The self-lubricating joint bearing is one kind of joint bearing and is formed by combining an outer ring with an inner spherical surface, a lubricating layer (fabric liner) and an inner ring with an outer spherical surface, wherein the self-lubricating fabric liner is mainly bonded on the inner side of the outer ring of the bearing in a manual gluing mode, and for an adhesive and a solvent in the liner, the prior art adopts normal-temperature air drying and oven drying for desolventizing, so that the desolventizing rate cannot be accurately controlled, and the discreteness is large; at present, the pressurizing mode for pasting the gasket mainly adopts core rod thermal expansion loading, and after the self-lubricating joint bearing gasket is pasted on the inner surface of the bearing outer ring, the gasket is generally loaded by adopting a polytetrafluoroethylene core rod, and the polytetrafluoroethylene core rod expands when heated, so that the gasket is pressed and pasted on the inner surface of the bearing outer ring, but the method has the following defects: firstly, the polytetrafluoroethylene core rod can be expanded only by heating, and the lining pad cannot be pressurized at room temperature; secondly, because the material has certain internal stress, the pressure that the plug produced is heated is unstable because of reasons such as the plug does not coincide with bearing inner race internal surface, can't accurate control loading pressure to make liner bonding strength and degree of consistency lower. Therefore, intelligent control of the desolventizing rate and the loading pressure of glue solution on the outer ring and the gasket is required, and the current research on the aspect tends to be blank, and an unpublished patent and literature relate to the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device and method for a self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing method for the self-lubricating joint bearing liner comprises the steps that the liner is pasted on the inner surface of a bearing outer ring, pressure is applied to the liner to enable the liner to expand radially, the bonding surface of the liner is in tight contact with the bearing outer ring, the bonding surface of the liner is pasted on the inner side of the bearing outer ring, and the pressure application is carried out after a solvent is completely volatilized (the solvent is completely separated from the liner and an adhesive);
the process of controlling the solvent volatilization is as follows: placing the bearing outer ring with the liner adhered thereon in an open environment with certain temperature and wind speed, so that the solvent is volatilized from the liner and the adhesive into the air, calculating the volatilization degree of the solvent in real time according to the real-time monitored weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner adhered thereon in the volatilization process of the solvent, and then adjusting the temperature and the wind speed in real time according to the volatilization degree of the solvent, so that the solvent in the liner and the adhesive is fully volatilized from inside to outside;
when the temperature and the wind speed are too low, the solvent is slowly volatilized, and when the temperature and the wind speed are too high, the liner is easily deformed, and the performance of the material is damaged; the temperature and the wind speed which are regulated and controlled in real time are set according to the content of the solvent in the liner and the adhesive, when the volatilization degree of the solvent is lower, the solvent in the liner is slowly and uniformly volatilized into the air by adopting low temperature and low wind speed, when the volatilization degree is higher, the residual solvent is quickly volatilized by adopting higher temperature and higher wind speed, and the efficiency is improved. The method calculates the real-time solvent volatilization degree according to the real-time monitored weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner pasted, and then adjusts the temperature and the wind speed in real time according to the solvent volatilization degree, according to the following formula:
in the formula, gammanIs the real-time solvent volatility, in units%; lambda is the weight content of the solvent in the gasket and the adhesive, unit%; m2The weight of the bearing outer ring without desolventizing and stuck with the gasket is unit g; mnThe real-time weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck in the desolventizing process is unit g; m1Is the weight of the bearing outer ring, unit g; t isnTemperature in real time output, unit ℃; t is0As initial temperature, in units; vnThe wind speed is output in real time and is in the unit of m/s; v0Is the initial wind speed in m/s;
the peeling strength (namely the bonding strength, the maximum load which can be borne by a unit width when the bonding piece is separated under the specified peeling condition and is obtained according to the standard test of GJB 5502-2005) of the gasket and the bearing outer ring is 1.61-1.95N/mm, and the standard deviation (which is the fluctuation size of a peeling curve and can be used for representing the uniformity of bonding) of the peeling force of the gasket and the bearing outer ring is 1-3.
Normal atmospheric temperature dries among the prior art and oven dries can't control the volatile weight of solvent and speed, for improving bonding effect, adopt higher temperature usually, if the temperature is too high, the solvent on liner top layer breaks away from rapidly appears easily, the surface hardening caking makes the interior solvent of liner and adhesive can't volatilize out, lead to the solvent to volatilize and appear inhomogeneous phenomenon easily, thereby make peel strength lower, it is great to disperse, because can't monitor the solvent volatility degree and prolong the solvent volatilization time, cause certain energy consumption extravagant, and inefficiency. According to the method, the solvent volatilization degree is obtained in real time by monitoring the volatilization weight of the solvent in real time, and the air speed and the temperature are controlled according to the volatilization degree of the solvent, so that the solvent volatilization speed is controlled, the solvent in the liner and the adhesive is fully volatilized from inside to outside, the solvent volatilization uniformity is improved, and the peeling strength is improved.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing method for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner, the applied pressure adopts a mode of air bag expansion pressurization; the applied pressure is 0.6-1.2 MPa, and the application time is 1-3 min.
According to the intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing method for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner, the solvent is ethanol, the lambda is 15-16%, the set initial air speed is 3m/s, and the set initial temperature is 40 ℃.
The boiling point of the ethanol is 78 ℃, the initial temperature is set to 40 ℃ in order to uniformly volatilize the adhesive and the solvent in the gasket, the temperature is raised after the solvent is evaporated to a certain degree, and the highest temperature reaches 80 ℃, so that the residual solvent is volatilized after reaching the boiling point.
According to the related research of the bonding pressure of the gasket, when the pressure is controlled to be 0.6-1.2 MPa, the glue overflow degree is low, and the peel strength is high. The pressurizing time is determined to be 1-3 min according to the weight of the adhesive coated on the outer ring of the bearing or the thickness of an adhesive film, when the solvent is ethanol, the bonding pressure is preferably 0.6-1.2 MPa, when the pressure is too small, the bonding is not firm, and when the pressure is too large, the integrity and the continuity of the adhesive are easily damaged, and the adhesive overflows to cause uneven bonding; the pressure maintaining time is related to the thickness of the adhesive layer and the amount of the adhesive, when the thickness of the adhesive layer is low or the amount of the adhesive is small, the adhesive can be uniformly diffused by maintaining the pressure for a short time, and when the thickness of the adhesive layer is high or the amount of the adhesive is large, the maintaining time needs to be properly increased to uniformly distribute the adhesive.
The invention also provides an intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner, which comprises a support frame, and a self-adaptive heat flow sensing system, an intelligent control system and a pre-pressing system which are fixed on the support frame;
the self-adaptive heat flow sensing system is used for drying the solvents in the liner and the adhesive and monitoring the volatilization quality of the solvents in real time, and comprises a sample clamp supporting rod, a sample clamp, an air outlet device (which can be a fan with a motor) for blowing air to the outer ring of the bearing stuck with the liner, a temperature output device (which can be a resistance wire) for heating the air outlet of the air outlet device, a sample temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing stuck with the liner, an air outlet temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of an air outlet, an air speed sensor for measuring the air blowing speed of the air outlet device and a weight sensor for measuring the weight of the outer ring of the bearing stuck with the liner (the weight fed back by the weight sensor is subtracted by the sample clamp supporting rod, and the weights of the sample clamp and the sample temperature sensor are the weight of the outer ring of the bearing stuck with the liner); the support frame is L-shaped and consists of a hollow box body and a connecting rod, the wind speed sensor is fixed on the hollow box body of the support frame through the connecting rod, the wind outlet device and the temperature output device are fixedly arranged on the connecting rod of the support frame, the upper end of a supporting rod of the sample clamp is connected with the sample clamp, the lower end of the supporting rod of the sample clamp is connected with the weight sensor, and the weight sensor is fixed in the inner cavity of the hollow box body of the support frame;
the prepressing system comprises an air compressor, an electric lifting rod, an air bag, a pressure gauge and a slide rail; the sliding rail is fixed on the upper surface of the supporting frame, and the lower end of the electric lifting rod is connected with the sliding rail to realize the left-right sliding of the air bag; the air bag is made of silicon rubber, an air pipe is connected to the air exchange opening of the air bag, the other end of the air pipe is sealed and connected to the electric lifting rod, an opening of the air pipe close to the air bag is connected with the pressure gauge, and an opening of the air pipe close to the electric lifting rod is connected with an air conveying pipe of the air compressor; the air compressor is connected with the outside, and compressed air generated by the air compressor is input into the air bag through the air pipe and the air pipe;
the intelligent control system comprises a programmable controller, a temperature controller, a wind speed controller, an air pressure controller, a lifting controller, an alarm and a main power switch for controlling all the controllers and the alarm, wherein the wind speed controller is simultaneously connected with a wind speed sensor and an air outlet device, the temperature controller is simultaneously connected with a wind port temperature sensor and a temperature output device to realize the control of the rotating speed of the air outlet device and the information feedback of the wind speed sensor, the air pressure controller is simultaneously connected with a pressure gauge and an air compressor, the air compressor is controlled by the air pressure controller, the lifting controller is connected with an electric lifting rod, the electric lifting rod is controlled by the lifting controller, the programmable controller is simultaneously connected with the temperature controller, the wind speed controller, the alarm and a weight sensor, and the programmable controller is used for controlling the temperature and the wind speed in real time according to the volatilization degree of a solvent, the method comprises the steps of controlling a temperature output device and an air outlet device through wind speed and temperature values input in a temperature controller and a wind speed controller, feeding back the weight of a bearing outer ring with a bonded liner to a programmable controller in real time by a weight sensor, calculating the theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring with the bonded liner after expected desolvation according to the weight of the bearing outer ring with the bonded liner without desolvation fed back by the weight sensor, and judging the end point of a solvent volatilization process according to the ratio of the weight of the bearing outer ring with the bonded liner after complete desolvation fed back by the weight sensor to the theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring with the bonded liner after expected desolvation.
The intelligent control system receives data fed back by a sensor in the self-adaptive heat flow sensing system in real time, the output temperature and the wind speed of the self-adaptive heat flow sensing system are controlled by inputting the initial temperature and the wind speed in the intelligent control system, the real-time solvent volatilization degree is obtained by the real-time feedback of the weight of the volatilized solvent, the wind speed and the temperature are automatically regulated and controlled by a programmable controller in the intelligent control system according to the solvent volatilization degree, the theoretical solvent volatilization end point weight is obtained by the programmable controller according to an algorithm, the theoretical weight and the actual weight are judged, and the automatic control of the solvent volatilization rate and the end point control of the volatilization process are realized. The programmable controller stores the preset solvent content, automatically adjusts the output temperature and wind speed according to the information fed back by each sensor in real time, realizes the real-time control of the temperature and the wind speed in the desolventizing process, and then judges the solvent volatilization terminal point according to the information fed back by the weight sensor, thereby controlling the terminal point of the desolventizing process.
The air bag is inflated to expand the air bag, the gasket between the air bag and the bearing outer ring is pressed and stuck to the inner side of the bearing outer ring due to the limitation of the bearing outer ring to the air bag, the air bag is lifted to a specified position through the electric lifting rod, pressure and time are input into the air pressure controller, the air pressure controller controls the air compressor to inflate and pressurize the air bag, the air compressor is automatically closed and is not decompressed after the set time is reached, then the connection between the sample clamp and the sample clamp supporting rod is disconnected, the connection between the air pipe and the electric lifting rod is disconnected, the protective cavity with the air bag and the bearing outer ring with the gasket stuck inside is placed in an oven to be cured, the curing temperature is 130 ℃, and the curing time is 1 h. The loading mode of the air bag does not need to depend on temperature control, the air bag is uniform and controllable in inflation and pressurization, and the expanded air bag can be completely attached to the inner surface of the bearing outer ring, so that the defects that pressurization at high temperature and uncontrollable loading pressure are needed in the prior art are overcome.
As a preferred technical scheme:
the self-lubricating joint bearing liner intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device comprises a self-lubricating joint bearing liner intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device, wherein the self-lubricating joint bearing liner intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device comprises a self-lubricating joint bearing liner intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device, a self-lubricating heat flow sensing system and a self-lubricating joint bearing liner intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device, wherein the self-lubricating joint bearing liner intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device comprises a shell used for connecting and protecting an air outlet device and a temperature output device, and an air inlet temperature sensor is fixed on the inner side of an air outlet in the shell; the sample temperature sensor is fixed on the outer side of the sample clamp (the sample temperature sensor actually measures the ambient temperature around the sample and serves as a reference of the sample temperature because the actual temperature cannot be measured by the fixed temperature sensor, the sample is made of a plurality of materials, and the temperature inside each material is different), the air outlet device is fixed at the position far away from the air port inside the shell, and the temperature output device is fixed at the position near the air port inside the shell.
According to the intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner, the sample clamp is detachably connected with the sample clamp supporting rod, the sample clamp is detachable, the air pipe is detachably connected with the electric lifting rod and the air pipe, and the air pipe can be detached;
the safety valve and the one-way valve are arranged on the air pipe, the safety valve is used for controlling air pressure in the air bag to be constant, and the one-way valve is used for facilitating manual rapid pressure relief.
As above self-lubricating joint bearing liner intelligence desolventizing and pressure device, pre-compaction system still includes the protection cavity, the protection cavity is the cavity square, the length of side is 10 ~ 30mm more than the external diameter of bearing inner race, be used for restricting the gasbag along the axial inflation of bearing inner race, make the gasbag evenly along the radial expansion of bearing inner race, the protection cavity has two faces to set up two to two and opens the door, and set up two faces that two open the door and be adjacent two, the center of setting up two faces that two open the door is equipped with trachea preformed hole respectively (be used for the trachea to pass) and sample clamp preformed hole (be used for the sample to press from both sides and pass), it still is provided with the hasp to open on the door. And lifting the air bag, adjusting the air bag to the central position of the bearing outer ring, covering the air bag and the bearing outer ring with a protection cavity, and locking the lock catch. And starting an air compressor to inflate the air bag, stopping inflating when the pressure value between the pressure gauge feedback air bag and the liner is 0.6-1.2 MPa, and maintaining for 1-3 min to complete pressurization. And (3) not releasing the pressure, then disconnecting the sample clamp from the sample clamp supporting rod, disconnecting the air pipe from the electric lifting rod, and placing the protective cavity with the air bag and the bearing outer ring with the adhered gasket in the oven for curing at the curing temperature of 130 ℃ for 1 h.
The intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner comprises an intelligent control system, a temperature display, a wind speed display and a weight display, wherein the temperature display is arranged on the intelligent control system; the temperature display is connected with the air port temperature sensor and the sample temperature sensor, the wind speed display is connected with the wind speed sensor, and the weight display is connected with the weight sensor.
As above self-lubricating joint bearing liner intelligence desolventizing and pressure device, programmable controller calculates real-time solvent evaporation degree according to the weight of the real-time feedback of weighing transducer, combines the initial set value of temperature, wind speed, at desolventizing in-process automatic regulation and control wind speed and temperature, makes the solvent in the bearing outer lane of pasting the liner evenly volatilize, programmable controller is according to solvent evaporation degree to temperature and wind speed real time control, the relation of temperature, wind speed and solvent evaporation degree is as follows:
in the formula, gammanIs the real-time solvent volatility, in units%; lambda is the weight content of the solvent in the gasket and the adhesive, unit%; m2The weight of the bearing outer ring without desolventizing and stuck with the gasket is unit g; m1Is the weight of the bearing outer ring, unit g; mnThe real-time weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck in the desolventizing process is unit g; t isnTemperature in real time output, unit ℃; t is0As initial temperature, in units; vnThe wind speed is output in real time and is in the unit of m/s; v0Is the initial wind speed in m/s;
the programmable controller also calculates the theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring of the bonded liner after expected desolvation according to the weight of the bearing outer ring of the bonded liner without desolvation fed back by the weight sensor, and then judges the end point of the solvent volatilization process according to the ratio of the weight of the bearing outer ring of the bonded liner after complete desolvation fed back by the weight sensor (18) to the theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring of the bonded liner after expected desolvation, and the relational expression of the end point of the solvent volatilization process is as follows:
Ma＝(M2-M1)(1-λ)+M1；
when in use
Judging that the product is unqualified, and alarming for prompt;
when in use
Judging the product to be qualified, and finishing desolventizing;
wherein M is3The theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner pasted after expected exsolution is unit g; m4The weight of the bearing outer ring stuck with the gasket after the solvent is completely removed is unit g;
the weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck after complete desolventizing and the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck after expected desolventizingThe ratio of the theoretical weight of (a), (b), (c), in%.
After the total power was turned on, the bearing was placed on the sample holder to obtain a weight M1Then gluing the adhesive pad and fixing in a sample holder to obtain a weight M2The programmable controller calculates the theoretical weight M of the bearing outer ring stuck with the gasket after the solvent is removed according to the theoretical weight M3Inputting the initial wind speed and temperature of heat flow according to the type of the solvent, opening a corresponding device in a heat flow system by a wind speed controller and a temperature controller for desolventizing, automatically regulating and controlling the wind speed and the temperature according to the volatilization degree of the solvent in real time in the desolventizing process, and completing the desolventizing when the weight of the outer ring of the bearing with the liner which is stuck and fed back by a weight sensor is constant.
The intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner has the advantages that lambda is 15-16%, and T is0The initial set temperature in the temperature controller is preferably 40 ℃; v0For the initial set wind speed in the wind speed controller, 3m/s is preferred.
Has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, the volatilization weight of the solvent is monitored in real time, and the heat flow parameters (namely temperature and wind speed) are adjusted in real time, so that the self-adaptive heat flow is formed in the bearing outer ring, the quantitative and controllable volatilization of the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner solvent is realized, the desolventizing time is greatly shortened, and the bonding efficiency and the bonding performance of the liner are improved.
(2) According to the invention, the theoretical weight of the outer ring blank after the solvent is removed is calculated, and the drying process end point is judged and controlled according to the weight data feedback monitored in real time, so that the intelligent control of the drying process is realized, and the discreteness of the liner peeling strength is reduced.
(3) The invention uniformly loads the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner by inflating the air bag, solves the problems that the existing polytetrafluoroethylene core rod cannot be loaded at room temperature and the loading pressure is uncontrollable, and further improves the bonding performance of the liner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive heat flow sensing system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pre-compaction system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a protective chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a peel test curve of example 1, in which the peel length refers to the length of the liner of the outer race of the bearing being peeled;
FIG. 7 is a peel test curve of example 2, in which the peel length refers to the length of the liner of the outer race of the bearing being peeled;
FIG. 8 is a peel test curve of example 3, in which the peel length refers to the length of the liner of the outer race of the bearing being peeled;
wherein, 1-temperature output device, 2-air outlet device, 3-air outlet temperature sensor, 4-shell, 5-safety valve, 6-one-way valve, 7-pressure gauge, 8-intelligent control system, 9-electric lifting rod, 10-slide rail, 11-sample clip, 12-bearing outer ring, 13-wind speed sensor, 14-sample temperature sensor, 15-air bag, 16-sample clip supporting rod, 17-air compressor, 18-weight sensor, 19-supporting frame, 20-programmable controller, 21-temperature display, 22-wind speed display, 23-weight display, 24-total power switch, 25-temperature controller, 26-wind speed controller, 27-air pressure controller, 28-lifting controller, 29-alarm, 30-air pipe, 31-air pipe, 32-protection cavity, 33-lock catch, 34-double door, 35-air pipe reserved hole and 36-sample clamp reserved hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for the self-lubricating joint bearing liner comprises a support frame 19, and a self-adaptive heat flow sensing system, an intelligent control system 8 and a pre-pressing system which are fixed on the support frame 19, as shown in fig. 1;
as shown in fig. 2, the adaptive heat flow sensing system is used for drying the liner and the solvent in the adhesive and monitoring the volatilization quality of the solvent in real time, and comprises a sample holder support rod 16, a sample holder 11, an air outlet device 2 (a fan with a motor) for blowing air to the bearing outer ring 12 pasted with the liner, a temperature output device 1 (a resistance wire) for heating the air outlet of the air outlet device 2, a sample temperature sensor 14 for measuring the temperature of the bearing outer ring 12 pasted with the liner, an air outlet temperature sensor 3 for measuring the temperature of an air outlet, an air speed sensor 13 for measuring the air blowing speed of the air outlet device 2, a weight sensor 18 for measuring the weight of the bearing outer ring 12 pasted with the liner, and a shell 4 for connecting and protecting the air outlet device 2 and the temperature output device 1; the support frame 19 is L-shaped and consists of a hollow box body and a connecting rod, the wind speed sensor 13 is fixed on the hollow box body of the support frame 19 through the connecting rod, the wind outlet device 2 and the temperature output device 1 are fixedly arranged on the connecting rod of the support frame 19, the upper end of the sample clamp support rod 16 is detachably connected with the sample clamp 11, the lower end is connected with the weight sensor 18, and the weight sensor 18 is fixed in the inner cavity of the hollow box body of the support frame 19; the tuyere temperature sensor 3 is fixed at the inner side of an air outlet in the shell 4; the sample temperature sensor 14 is fixed on the outer side of the sample clamp 11, the air outlet device 2 is fixed at a position far away from the air port in the shell 4, and the temperature output device 1 is fixed at a position close to the air port in the shell 4;
as shown in fig. 3, the pre-pressing system comprises an air compressor 17, an electric lifting rod 9, an air bag 15, a pressure gauge 7, a slide rail 10 and a protection cavity 32; the slide rail is fixed on the upper surface of the support frame 19, and the lower end of the electric lifting rod 9 is connected with the slide rail 10; the air bag 15 is made of silicon rubber, an air pipe 30 is connected to a ventilation opening of the air bag 15, the other end of the air pipe 30 is closed and detachably connected to the electric lifting rod 9, an opening of the air pipe 30 close to the air bag is connected with the pressure gauge 7, and an opening of the air pipe close to the electric lifting rod 9 is detachably connected with an air pipe 31 of the air compressor 17; the air pipe 30 is provided with a safety valve 5 and a one-way valve 6, the safety valve 5 is used for controlling the air pressure in the air bag 15 to be constant, and the one-way valve 6 is used for facilitating manual rapid pressure relief; as shown in fig. 5, the protection cavity 32 is a hollow cube, the side length of the protection cavity is 10-30 mm larger than the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring 12, and the protection cavity is used for limiting the axial expansion of the airbag 15 along the bearing outer ring 12, so that the airbag 15 uniformly expands along the radial direction of the bearing outer ring 12, two surfaces of the protection cavity 32 are provided with a double-opening door 34, the two surfaces of the double-opening door 34 are two adjacent surfaces, the centers of the two surfaces of the double-opening door 34 are respectively provided with an air pipe reserved hole 35 and a sample holder reserved hole 36, and the double-opening door is further provided with a lock catch 33;
as shown in fig. 4, the intelligent control system 8 includes a programmable controller 20, a temperature controller 25, a wind speed controller 26, an air pressure controller 27, a lifting controller 28, a temperature display 21, a wind speed display 22, a weight display 23, an alarm 29 and a main power switch 24 for controlling all the controllers and the alarms, the wind speed controller 26 is connected with the wind speed sensor 13 and the wind outlet device 2 at the same time, the temperature controller 25 is connected with the wind port temperature sensor 3 and the temperature output device 1 at the same time, the air pressure controller 27 is connected with the pressure gauge 7 and the air compressor 17 at the same time, the lifting controller 28 is connected with the electric lifting rod 9, the programmable controller 20 is simultaneously connected with the temperature controller 25, the wind speed controller 26, the alarm 29 and the weight sensor 18, and the weight sensor 18 feeds back the weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner pasted to the programmable controller 20 in real time; the temperature display 21 is connected with the tuyere temperature sensor 3 and the sample temperature sensor 14, the wind speed display 22 is connected with the wind speed sensor 13, and the weight display 23 is connected with the weight sensor 18;
the programmable controller 20 controls the temperature and the wind speed in real time according to the solvent volatilization degree, and the relationship between the temperature and the wind speed and the solvent volatilization degree is as follows:
in the formula, gammanIs the real-time solvent volatility, in units%; lambda is the weight content of the solvent in the gasket and the adhesive, unit%; m2The weight of the bearing outer ring without desolventizing and stuck with the gasket is unit g; mnThe real-time weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck in the desolventizing process is unit g; m1Is outside the bearingWeight of the ring, unit g; t isnTemperature in real time output, unit ℃; t is0As initial temperature, in units; vnThe wind speed is output in real time and is in the unit of m/s; v0Is the initial wind speed in m/s;
the programmable controller 20 further calculates the theoretical weight of the outer ring of the bearing on which the gasket is bonded after the expected desolvation according to the weight of the outer ring of the bearing on which the gasket is bonded without desolvation fed back by the weight sensor 18, and then determines the end point of the solvent volatilization process according to the ratio of the weight of the outer ring of the bearing on which the gasket is bonded after the desolvation is completed fed back by the weight sensor 18 to the theoretical weight of the outer ring of the bearing on which the gasket is bonded after the expected desolvation, and the relation formula of the end point of the solvent volatilization process is as follows:
M3＝(M2-M1)(1-λ)；
when in use
Judging that the product is unqualified, and alarming for prompt;
when in use
Judging the product to be qualified, and finishing desolventizing;
wherein M is3The theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner pasted after expected exsolution is unit g; m4The weight of the bearing outer ring stuck with the gasket after the solvent is completely removed is unit g;
the ratio of the weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck after complete desolventization to the theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck after expected desolventization is unit%.
The method for intelligently controlling the desolventizing and pressurizing engineering of the self-lubricating joint bearing gasket by adopting the device comprises the following steps (taking an ethanol solvent as an example):
(1) the weight is M1The bearing outer ring 12 is coated with adhesive and pasted with a gasket and fixed on the sample holder 11, and the weight sensor 18 feeds back the weight M of the bearing outer ring of the unsolved pasted gasket2And displayed on the weight display 23;
(2) the initial temperature (T) is set in the temperature controller 25 and the wind speed controller 26, respectively040 deg.C and initial wind speed (V)03m/s), the programmable controller 20 utilizes the built-in temperature and wind speed real-time control program to intelligently adjust the wind speed and temperature according to the data fed back by the weight sensor 18, and the adjustment formula is as follows:
in the formula, gammanIs the real-time solvent volatility, in units%; lambda is the weight content of the solvent in the gasket and the adhesive, and lambda is 15-16; mnThe real-time weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck in the desolventizing process is unit g; t isnTemperature in real time output, unit ℃; vnThe wind speed is output in real time and is in the unit of m/s;
(3) the end point of the desolventizing process is determined by utilizing a solvent volatilization end point control program built in the programmable controller 20, and the logical relationship of the judgment is as follows: m3-(M2 M1)(1 λ)|M1，
The ratio of the weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck after complete desolventization to the theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck after expected desolventization
If the alarm is unqualified, the alarm gives an alarm prompt; when in use
Judging the product to be qualified, and finishing desolventizing;
(4) after the desolventizing is finished, the lifting controller 28 is opened, the electric lifting rod 9 is adjusted to the position that the air bag 15 is axially aligned with the bearing outer ring 12, the air bag 15 is moved to the central position of the bearing outer ring 12, then the air bag 15 and the bearing outer ring 12 are sleeved by the protection cavity 32, the lock catch is locked, setting an air pressure value (0.6-1.2 MPa) and a pressurization time (1-3 min) in an air pressure controller 27, starting an air compressor 17 to inflate the air bag 15, monitoring the pressure value in the air bag 15 in real time by a pressure gauge 7, and feeds back the information to the air pressure controller 27, and the pressure in the air bag 15 is constant by the safety valve 5 without pressure relief, then the connection between the sample clamp and the sample clamp supporting rod is disconnected, the connection between the air pipe and the electric lifting rod is disconnected, and the protective cavity with the air bag and the bearing outer ring with the liner pasted therein is placed in an oven for curing at the curing temperature of 130 ℃ for 1 h.
Taking a bearing outer ring with the inner diameter of 23mm as an example, taking the matrix resin of the gasket as phenolic resin, taking the adhesive as phenolic adhesive, carrying out desolventizing and prepressing by using the device and the method, and adopting the following specific embodiments:
example 1
The bearing outer ring is glued and pasted with a gasket and then fixed on a sample clamp, and the initial temperature (T) is respectively set in a temperature controller and a wind speed controller040 deg.C and initial wind speed (V)03m/s), in the desolventizing process, intelligently adjusting the wind speed and the temperature by utilizing a built-in temperature and wind speed real-time control process sequence according to data fed back by a weight sensor in real time, after the desolventizing is finished, opening a lifting controller, adjusting an electric lifting rod to the position where the axial center of an air bag is aligned with the circle center of a bearing outer ring, moving the air bag to the central position of the bearing outer ring, then sheathing the air bag and the bearing outer ring by a protective cavity, locking a lock catch, setting the air pressure value of 1.5MPa and the pressurization time of 1min in an air pressure controller, starting an air compressor to inflate the air bag, releasing no pressure after the inflation loading is finished, then disconnecting a sample clamp from a sample clamp supporting rod, disconnecting an air pipe from the electric lifting rod, placing the protective cavity with the air bag and the bearing outer ring with a liner inside in an oven for curing, wherein the curing temperature is 130 ℃, the curing time was 1 h.
Example 2
The bearing outer ring is glued and adhered with the lining and then fixed on the sample clampIn the temperature controller and the wind speed controller, initial temperatures (T) are set respectively040 deg.C and initial wind speed (V)03m/s), in the desolventizing process, intelligently adjusting the wind speed and the temperature by utilizing a built-in temperature and wind speed real-time control process sequence according to data fed back by a weight sensor in real time, after the desolventizing is finished, opening a lifting controller, adjusting an electric lifting rod to the position where the axial center of an air bag is aligned with the circle center of a bearing outer ring, moving the air bag to the central position of the bearing outer ring, then sheathing the air bag and the bearing outer ring by a protective cavity, locking a lock catch, setting the air pressure value of 1MPa and the pressurization time of 2min in an air pressure controller, starting an air compressor to inflate the air bag, not releasing the pressure after the inflation loading is finished, then disconnecting a sample clamp from a sample clamp supporting rod, disconnecting an air pipe from the electric lifting rod, placing the protective cavity with the air bag and the bearing outer ring with a bonded liner in an oven for curing, wherein the curing temperature is 130 ℃, the curing time was 1 h.
Example 3
The bearing outer ring is glued and pasted with a gasket and then fixed on a sample clamp, and the initial temperature (T) is respectively set in a temperature controller and a wind speed controller040 deg.C and initial wind speed (V)03m/s), in the desolventizing process, intelligently adjusting the wind speed and the temperature by utilizing a built-in temperature and wind speed real-time control process sequence according to data fed back by a weight sensor in real time, after the desolventizing is finished, opening a lifting controller, adjusting an electric lifting rod to the position where the axial center of an air bag is aligned with the circle center of a bearing outer ring, moving the air bag to the central position of the bearing outer ring, then sheathing the air bag and the bearing outer ring by a protective cavity, locking a lock catch, setting the air pressure value of 0.6MPa and the pressurization time of 3min in an air pressure controller, starting an air compressor to inflate the air bag, not releasing the pressure after the inflation loading is finished, then disconnecting a sample clamp from a sample clamp supporting rod, disconnecting an air pipe from the electric lifting rod, placing the protective cavity with the air bag and the bearing outer ring with a liner inside in an oven for curing, wherein the curing temperature is 130 ℃, the curing time was 1 h.
The results of the peeling test of the outer rings of the bearings with the attached liners treated in examples 1, 2 and 3 were shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 and Table 1, respectively, and the peeling speed was 20 mm/min.
TABLE 1
Claims (7)
1. Self-lubricating joint bearing liner intelligence desolventizing and pressure device, its characterized in that: the system comprises a support frame (19), and a self-adaptive heat flow sensing system, an intelligent control system (8) and a pre-pressing system which are fixed on the support frame (19);
the self-adaptive heat flow sensing system is used for drying the solvents in the liner and the adhesive and monitoring the volatilization quality of the solvents in real time, and comprises a sample clamp supporting rod (16), a sample clamp (11), an air outlet device (2) for blowing air to a bearing outer ring (12) stuck with the liner, a temperature output device (1) for heating the air outlet of the air outlet device (2), a sample temperature sensor (14) for measuring the temperature of the bearing outer ring (12) stuck with the liner, an air outlet temperature sensor (3) for measuring the temperature of an air outlet of the air outlet device (2), an air speed sensor (13) for measuring the air blowing speed of the air outlet device (2) and a weight sensor (18) for measuring the weight of the bearing outer ring (12) stuck with the liner; the support frame (19) is L-shaped and consists of a hollow box body and a connecting rod, the wind speed sensor (13) is fixed on the hollow box body of the support frame (19) through the connecting rod, the wind outlet device (2) and the temperature output device (1) are fixedly arranged on the connecting rod of the support frame (19), the upper end of a sample clamp support rod (16) is connected with the sample clamp (11), the lower end of the sample clamp support rod is connected with the weight sensor (18), and the weight sensor (18) is fixed in the inner cavity of the hollow box body of the support frame (19);
the pre-pressing system comprises an air compressor (17), an electric lifting rod (9), an air bag (15), a pressure gauge (7) and a slide rail (10); the slide rail is fixed on the upper surface of the support frame (19), and the lower end of the electric lifting rod (9) is connected with the slide rail (10); the air bag (15) is made of silicon rubber, an air pipe (30) is connected to a ventilation opening of the air bag (15), the other end of the air pipe (30) is closed and connected to the electric lifting rod (9), an opening of the air pipe (30) close to the air bag is connected with the pressure gauge (7), and an opening of the air pipe (30) close to the electric lifting rod (9) is connected with an air pipe (31) of the air compressor (17);
the intelligent control system (8) comprises a programmable controller (20), a temperature controller (25), a wind speed controller (26), an air pressure controller (27), a lifting controller (28), an alarm (29) and a main power switch (24) for controlling all the controllers and the alarm, wherein the wind speed controller (26) is simultaneously connected with a wind speed sensor (13) and an air outlet device (2), the temperature controller (25) is simultaneously connected with a wind port temperature sensor (3) and a temperature output device (1), the air pressure controller (27) is simultaneously connected with a pressure gauge (7) and an air compressor (17), the lifting controller (28) is connected with an electric lifting rod (9), the programmable controller (20) is simultaneously connected with the temperature controller (25), the wind speed controller (26), the alarm (29) and a weight sensor (18), the programmable controller (20) is used for controlling the temperature and the wind speed in real time according to the volatilization degree of a solvent, the weight sensor (18) feeds back the weight of the bearing outer ring (12) of the pasted gasket to the programmable controller (20) in real time, the programmable controller (20) is also used for calculating the theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring of the pasted gasket after expected desolvation according to the weight of the bearing outer ring of the pasted gasket without desolvation fed back by the weight sensor (18), and then the end point of the solvent volatilization process is judged according to the ratio of the weight of the bearing outer ring of the pasted gasket after complete desolvation fed back by the weight sensor (18) to the theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring of the pasted gasket after expected desolvation.
2. The intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner according to claim 1, wherein the self-adaptive heat flow sensing system further comprises a shell (4) for connecting and protecting the air outlet device (2) and the temperature output device (1), and the air port temperature sensor (3) is fixed on the inner side of an air outlet inside the shell (4); the sample temperature sensor (14) is fixed on the outer side of the sample clamp (11), the air outlet device (2) is fixed on the position, far away from the air port, inside the shell (4), and the temperature output device (1) is fixed on the position, near the air port, inside the shell (4).
3. The intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner according to claim 2, wherein the sample clamp (11) is detachably connected with the sample clamp supporting rod (16), and the air pipe (30) is detachably connected with the electric lifting rod (9) and the air pipe (31);
the air pipe (30) is provided with a safety valve (5) and a one-way valve (6).
4. The intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner according to claim 1, wherein the pre-pressing system further comprises a protection cavity (32), the protection cavity (32) is a hollow cube, the side length of the protection cavity is 10-30 mm larger than the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring (12), two faces of the protection cavity (32) are arranged to be double-opened doors (34), two faces of the double-opened doors (34) are adjacent, the centers of the two faces of the double-opened doors (34) are respectively provided with an air pipe reserved hole (35) and a sample clamp reserved hole (36), and the double-opened doors are further provided with lock catches (33).
5. The intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent control system further comprises a temperature display (21), a wind speed display (22) and a weight display (23); the temperature display (21) is connected with the tuyere temperature sensor (3) and the sample temperature sensor (14), the wind speed display (22) is connected with the wind speed sensor (13), and the weight display (23) is connected with the weight sensor (18).
6. The intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner according to claim 1, wherein the relationship between the temperature and the wind speed and the volatilization degree of the solvent is as follows:
in the formula, gammanIs the real-time solvent volatility, in units%; lambda is the weight content of the solvent in the gasket and the adhesive, unit%; m2The weight of the bearing outer ring without desolventizing and stuck with the gasket is unit g; m1Is the weight of the bearing outer ring, unit g; mnThe real-time weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck in the desolventizing process is unit g; t isnTemperature in real time output, unit ℃; t is0As initial temperature, in units; vnThe wind speed is output in real time and is in the unit of m/s; v0Is the initial wind speed in m/s;
the relation for judging the end point of the solvent volatilization process is as follows:
M3＝(M2-M1)(1-λ)+M1；
when in use
Judging that the product is unqualified, and alarming for prompt;
when in use
Judging the product to be qualified, and finishing desolventizing;
wherein M is3The theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner pasted after expected exsolution is unit g; m4The weight of the bearing outer ring stuck with the gasket after the solvent is completely removed is unit g;
the ratio of the weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck after complete desolventization to the theoretical weight of the bearing outer ring with the liner stuck after expected desolventization is unit%.
7. The intelligent desolventizing and pressurizing device for self-lubricating spherical plain bearing liner according to claim 6, wherein λ is 15-16%, and T is0Is 40 ℃; v0Is 3 m/s.
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