CN113386549A - Driving device and driving method of automobile - Google Patents

Driving device and driving method of automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113386549A
CN113386549A CN202010173121.1A CN202010173121A CN113386549A CN 113386549 A CN113386549 A CN 113386549A CN 202010173121 A CN202010173121 A CN 202010173121A CN 113386549 A CN113386549 A CN 113386549A
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China
Prior art keywords
drive motor
engine
drive
gear
axle
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CN202010173121.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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梁伟
郑晓莉
郭天心
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Nantong Ruidong New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Nantong Ruidong New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010173121.1A priority Critical patent/CN113386549A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/20—Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/02—Clutches
    • B60W2710/021—Clutch engagement state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2710/0666—Engine torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2710/083—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/24—Energy storage means
    • B60W2710/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2710/248—Current for loading or unloading
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a driving device and a driving method of an automobile, wherein the device comprises the following components: the engine, the planetary gear, the front drive motor and the rear drive motor, wherein the power output end of the engine is in transmission fit with the gear carrier of the planetary gear; the sun gear of the planetary gear is in transmission fit with the front drive motor; the gear frame of the planet gear drives the front axle to move; the rear drive motor drives the rear axle to rotate. By applying the embodiment of the invention, the engine and the generator are connected through the planetary gear to realize power output, and the power output is used as a configuration mode of unique power transmission of one shaft, all required functions of hybrid drive and four-wheel drive are realized, and at least one gear box or one set of electric drive system is saved compared with the existing scheme, so that the power output device is simpler and has lower system cost.

Description

Driving device and driving method of automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automobile power system, in particular to a driving device and a driving method of an automobile.
Background
Four-wheel drive is one form of automotive power transmission. The vehicle power can be output by four vehicles at the same time, and the adhesive force between the vehicles and the ground is utilized to the maximum extent. Four-wheel drive technology requires a power system to transfer power from a power source to four wheels via a special device. However, the conventional mechanical transmission shaft type four-wheel driving device has a complex structure and a large volume, which can cause the problems of low space utilization rate, heavy weight and high cost of the whole vehicle, so how to design a light and simple four-wheel driving device is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
At present, the utility model patent application with application number 201721139880.6 discloses a power system of a four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle, wherein, the power system comprises an engine, a first motor, a first inverter, a front axle planetary gear reducer, a second motor, a second inverter, a rear axle reducer and a battery; the engine is in transmission connection with the front axle planetary gear reducer so as to drive the front axle planetary gear reducer through the engine; furthermore, the engine is in transmission connection with the first motor through a clutch CL3 and a transmission shaft, and the clutch CL3 is a jaw clutch; and when the clutch CL3 is engaged, the engine drives the first motor to rotate, so that the first motor can be in a power generation state, and when the clutch CL3 is disengaged, the first motor can drive the front axle planetary gear reducer. The utility model discloses a only contain two motors and one set of simple planetary gear mechanism, the cost is lower, under pure electric mode, this utility model can realize forerunner's, rear-guard and the free choice of four-wheel drive, and first motor has two gears in addition to be optional, has increased the chance of work at optimum efficiency, has improved pure electric economy. Under the engine mode, the starting and low-speed running of the vehicle are realized through the electronic stepless speed change function, and the economy of the vehicle running at low speed is improved. The engine has three optional fixed gears during medium-high speed cruising, is used for direct drive, utilizes the high efficiency characteristic of the engine during high load, avoids the electric path loss caused by electronic stepless speed change, and improves the transmission efficiency.
However, the inventor found that in the prior art, two sets of planetary gears, three clutches and one brake are arranged in the front axle driving mechanism, and the structure is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to provide a four-wheel drive structure with a simpler structure.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
the present invention provides a driving apparatus of an automobile, including: an engine, a planetary gear, a front drive motor and a rear drive motor, wherein,
the power output end of the engine is in transmission fit with a gear carrier of the planetary gear; and the power output end of the engine is in transmission fit with a gear carrier of the planetary gear through a one-way clutch.
The sun gear of the planetary gear is in transmission fit with the front drive motor; the gear frame of the planet gear drives the front axle to move;
the rear drive motor drives the rear axle to rotate.
Optionally, the gear carrier of the planetary gear drives the front axle to move through a gear transmission system.
The device further comprises: a front drive motor controller to:
when the one-way clutch is opened, the front-drive motor is controlled to drag the engine to reach the working rotating speed, so that the engine starts oil injection and ignition to realize power output.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: the vehicle control unit is used for:
when the torque of the front axle is lower than the set value before the ignition of the engine is successful, by using the formula,
τm(k)＝rm2dτd(k)-rg2d(τg(k)-re2gJe(ωe(k)-ωe(k-1))/Δt)，
calculating a compensation torque of the rear drive motor, wherein,
τm(k) the compensation torque of the rear drive motor at the kth moment; r ism2dIs the torque ratio of the rear drive motor to the vehicle; tau isd(k) Is the current vehicle end torque demand; r isg2dIs the front generator to vehicle torque ratio；τg(k) Is the torque of the front drive motor; r ise2gIs the engine to generator torque ratio; j. the design is a squareeIs the rotational inertia of the engine; omegae(k) The engine speed corresponding to the kth sampling moment; omegae(k-1) is the engine speed corresponding to k-1 times; delta t is the interval duration of two adjacent sampling moments;
and adjusting the output of the rear drive motor according to the compensation torque of the rear drive motor.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: a rear drive motor controller for:
and receiving the compensation torque of the rear-drive motor sent by the vehicle control unit, and adjusting the output of the rear-drive motor according to the compensation torque of the rear-drive motor.
Optionally, the front-drive motor controller is further configured to:
when the one-way clutch is opened and the engine is already in the ignition output state, the front drive motor is controlled to be used as a generator to charge the battery.
Optionally, the front-drive motor controller is further configured to:
when the one-way clutch is closed, the front drive motor is controlled to drive the sun gear to rotate, and then the front axle is driven to move.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a driving method based on any one of the devices, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the one-way clutch is opened, the front-drive motor is controlled to drag the engine to reach the working rotating speed so that the engine starts oil injection and ignition to realize power output, and the output of the rear-drive motor is adjusted according to the compensation torque of the rear-drive motor;
or when the one-way clutch is opened and the engine is already in an ignition output state, controlling the front-drive motor to serve as a generator to charge the battery, and simultaneously controlling the rear-axle drive motor to drive the rear axle to move;
or when the one-way clutch is closed, the front-drive motor is controlled to drive the sun gear to rotate, so that the front axle is driven to move, and meanwhile, the rear-axle drive motor is controlled to drive the rear axle to move.
The invention has the advantages that:
by applying the embodiment of the invention, the engine and the generator are connected through the planetary gear to realize power output, and the power output is used as a configuration mode of unique power transmission of one shaft, all required functions of hybrid drive and four-wheel drive are realized, and at least one gear box or one set of electric drive system is saved compared with the existing scheme, so that the power output device is simpler and has lower system cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving apparatus of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a planetary gear in a driving apparatus of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first hybrid architecture of the prior art;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second mixing structure in the prior art.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a driving device and a driving method of an automobile, and firstly, the driving device of the automobile provided by the embodiment of the invention is introduced.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving apparatus of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, including: engine 100, planetary gear 200, front drive motor 300, rear drive motor 400, wherein,
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a planetary gear 200 in a driving device of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, a power output end of an engine 100 is in transmission fit with a carrier 3 of the planetary gear 200;
the sun gear 2 of the planetary gear 200 is in transmission fit with the front drive motor 300; the carrier 3 of the planetary gear 200 drives the front axle to move through a gear transmission system 500; the output of the carrier 3 can drive the gear system 500 of the vehicle as a final drive, or can be reduced by means of one or several other sets of gears, and then drive the vehicle retarder.
The rear drive motor 400 drives the rear axle to rotate.
For example, to describe a specific process of the embodiment of the present invention, the following description is made in a hybrid mode and a pure electric mode, respectively:
when the embodiment of the invention is in the hybrid mode, that is, the front axle is driven by the engine 100, and the rear axle is driven by the motor, the one-way clutch is controlled to be in the open state, and the precursor motor controller (GCU) controls the precursor motor to drive the engine 100 to reach the working rotating speed, so that the engine 100 starts to inject oil and ignite to realize power output.
During the process that the front-drive motor drives the engine 100 to start until the engine 100 is successfully ignited, the output torque of the front axle may be reduced from the original value to zero or lower, i.e. the torque of the front axle may be lower than the set value, and a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) utilizes a formula,
τm(k)＝rm2dτd(k)-rg2d(τg(k)-re2gJe(ωe(k)-ωe(k-1))/Δt)，
the compensation torque of the rear drive motor 400 is calculated in real time, wherein,
τm(k) the compensation torque of the rear drive motor 400 at the kth time; r ism2dIs the torque ratio of the rear drive motor 400 to the vehicle; tau isd(k) Is the current vehicle end torque demand; r isg2dIs the front engine to vehicle torque ratio; tau isg(k) Is the torque of the front drive motor; r ise2gIs the engine 100 to generator torque ratio; j. the design is a squareeIs the rotational inertia of engine 100; omegae(k) The rotation speed of the engine 100 corresponding to the kth sampling moment; omegaeEngine 100 revolutions corresponding to time when (k-1) is low k-1Speed; delta t is the interval duration of two adjacent sampling moments;
the Rear drive motor 400 controller (MCU) receives the compensation torque of the Rear drive motor 400 from the vehicle controller, and adjusts the output of the Rear drive motor 400 according to the compensation torque of the Rear drive motor 400.
When the power output of the engine 100 is needed, the one-way clutch or the brake is opened, the front-drive motor drags the engine 100 to reach the working rotating speed, and the engine 100 starts to inject oil and ignite to realize the power output. In the starting process, in order to meet the goal of constant output torque of the whole vehicle, the rear drive motor 400 needs to perform certain torque compensation, so that the running smoothness of the whole vehicle is realized.
After the engine 100 is started, the vehicle control unit controls the engine 100 to work at a proper output torque, so that the engine 100 drives the gear carrier 3 to drive the front axle to move, and the front axle is matched with the rear drive motor 400 to realize a four-wheel drive function, and meanwhile, the engine 100 can also drive the front drive motor, so that the front drive motor serves as a generator to generate electricity. It should be emphasized that the front-wheel drive motor can be used as a drive motor and also can be used as a generator, which is the prior art, and the working principle of the embodiment of the present invention is not described herein again.
In addition, in the embodiment of the invention, in the torque calculation of the rear-drive motor 400, the torque which can be output by the front axle generator and the influence of the inertia term of the engine 100 in the starting process are considered, so that the compensation torque of the rear axle motor can be calculated more accurately, and the running smoothness of the vehicle is further improved.
(II) when the embodiment of the invention is in the all-electric four-wheel drive mode, the front-wheel drive motor controller is used for: when the one-way clutch is closed, the front-drive motor is controlled to drive the sun gear 2 to rotate, and then the front axle is driven to move.
For example, when the engine 100 is not in operation, the front-drive motor may be used as the driving motor, and the planetary gear 200 performs a normal deceleration function. The whole vehicle can be in a pure electric four-wheel drive state by matching with a rear drive driving motor.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate control of the power output state of engine 100, the power output end of engine 100 is in driving engagement with carrier 3 of planetary gear 200 through a one-way clutch.
In practice, a brake may also be used instead of a one-way clutch.
There is a one-way clutch or brake at the junction of the engine 100 and the planetary gear 200, which is not operated when the engine 100 outputs torque. When the engine 100 does not need work output, the vehicle control unit can lock the output end of the engine 100 by a one-way clutch or a brake to avoid the rotation of the engine 100.
Based on the above embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further provides a driving method of an automobile, including:
when the one-way clutch is opened, controlling the front-drive motor to drag the engine 100 to reach the working rotating speed so that the engine 100 starts oil injection and ignition to realize power output, and adjusting the output of the rear-drive motor 400 according to the compensation torque of the rear-drive motor 400;
or, when the one-way clutch is opened and the engine 100 is already in the ignition output state, controlling the front-drive motor to serve as a generator to charge the battery, and simultaneously controlling the rear-axle drive motor to drive the rear axle to move;
or when the one-way clutch is closed, the front-drive motor is controlled to drive the sun gear 2 to rotate so as to drive the front axle to move, and meanwhile, the rear-axle drive motor is controlled to drive the rear axle to move.
In addition, there are other driving structures for four-wheel drive vehicles in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first hybrid structure in the prior art, as shown in fig. 3, the structure is a four-wheel drive configuration using a mechanical transmission shaft, a power assembly is arranged at the front end of a whole vehicle (in a left side box in fig. 3), a part of power is output to a front wheel output by two half shafts, and the other part of power is transmitted to a rear axle of the vehicle by one mechanical transmission shaft. The vehicle powertrain may be a conventional power type using the engine 100, or may be a hybrid system using a portion of electric power and the engine 100 to implement various combinations.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second hybrid structure in the prior art, and as shown in fig. 4, the hybrid four-wheel drive vehicle has a power assembly arranged at a front axle of the vehicle, and a rear axle is driven by another motor, so as to realize a four-wheel drive function. Due to the problem of electric energy sources, the structure is generally applied to hybrid vehicles, the power battery provides electric energy for the motor, the engine 100 can charge the power battery at a proper time, and the electric energy of the power battery can be supplemented in an external power supplementing mode.
It can be seen that the prior art arrangement of figure 4 is more advantageous. Compared with the traditional four-wheel drive system in the figure 2, the four-wheel drive system has the advantages that one transmission shaft is reduced, meanwhile, the precious space occupied by the transmission shaft at the lower part of the automobile body is saved, and the four-wheel drive system is an effective implementation mode of the four-wheel drive configuration on the hybrid electric vehicle in the future. The electric four-wheel drive needs to be combined with hybrid power technology to meet the requirements of future technology development, however, the four-wheel drive system in fig. 4 is very complex, and three motors and one engine 100 are used in the whole vehicle. Since the power assembly of the front axle (in the left box in fig. 4) and the rear-drive motor drive unit are mechanically operated independently, all drive functions need to be independently completed. However, the scheme has a complex structure and high price, and can realize electric four-wheel drive and hybrid four-wheel drive.
In addition, the scheme of fig. 4 is not the only scheme of the existing hybrid four-wheel drive, and the power assembly can be provided with a traditional gearbox and engine 100 system and only slightly electric, and the defects of the scheme are obvious: the front axle will not be able to provide drive capability when the engine 100 is not operating.
The powertrain may also have more than one drive motor, with a hybrid system of a conventional gearbox and engine 100. The hybrid transmission structure is realized through a driving motor and a gearbox. The scheme has a complex structure, and can realize pure electric drive or hybrid drive
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A drive device for an automobile, characterized by comprising: an engine, a planetary gear, a front drive motor and a rear drive motor, wherein,
the power output end of the engine is in transmission fit with a gear carrier of the planetary gear;
the sun gear of the planetary gear is in transmission fit with the front drive motor; the gear frame of the planet gear drives the front axle to move;
the rear drive motor drives the rear axle to rotate.
2. The drive device of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the gear carrier of the planetary gear drives the front axle to move through a gear transmission system.
3. The drive device of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the power output end of the engine is in transmission engagement with the gear carrier of the planetary gear through a one-way clutch.
4. A driving apparatus of an automobile according to claim 3, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises: a front drive motor controller to:
when the one-way clutch is opened, the front-drive motor is controlled to drag the engine to reach the working rotating speed, so that the engine starts oil injection and ignition to realize power output.
5. The driving apparatus of an automobile according to claim 4, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises: the vehicle control unit is used for:
when the torque of the front axle is lower than the set value before the ignition of the engine is successful, by using the formula,
τm(k)＝rm2dτd(k)-rg2d(τg(k)-re2gJe(ωe(k)-ωe(k-1))/Δ t) calculating a compensation torque of the rear drive motor, wherein,
τm(k) the compensation torque of the rear drive motor at the kth moment; r ism2dIs the torque ratio of the rear drive motor to the vehicle; tau isd(k) Is the current vehicle end torque demand; r isg2dIs the front engine to vehicle torque ratio; tau isg(k) Is the torque of the front drive motor; r ise2gIs the engine to generator torque ratio; j. the design is a squareeIs the rotational inertia of the engine; omegae(k) The engine speed corresponding to the kth sampling moment; omegae(k-1) is the engine speed corresponding to k-1 times; delta t is the interval duration of two adjacent sampling moments;
and adjusting the output of the rear drive motor according to the compensation torque of the rear drive motor.
6. The driving apparatus of an automobile according to claim 5, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises: a rear drive motor controller for:
and receiving the compensation torque of the rear-drive motor sent by the vehicle control unit, and adjusting the output of the rear-drive motor according to the compensation torque of the rear-drive motor.
7. The drive apparatus of an automobile according to claim 3, wherein the front-drive-motor controller is further configured to:
when the one-way clutch is opened and the engine is already in the ignition output state, the front drive motor is controlled to be used as a generator to charge the battery.
8. The drive apparatus of an automobile according to claim 3, wherein the front-drive-motor controller is further configured to:
when the one-way clutch is closed, the front drive motor is controlled to drive the sun gear to rotate, and then the front axle is driven to move.
9. Method for driving a device according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that the method comprises:
when the one-way clutch is opened, the front-drive motor is controlled to drag the engine to reach the working rotating speed so that the engine starts oil injection and ignition to realize power output, and the output of the rear-drive motor is adjusted according to the compensation torque of the rear-drive motor;
or when the one-way clutch is opened and the engine is already in an ignition output state, controlling the front-drive motor to serve as a generator to charge the battery, and simultaneously controlling the rear-axle drive motor to drive the rear axle to move;
or when the one-way clutch is closed, the front-drive motor is controlled to drive the sun gear to rotate, so that the front axle is driven to move, and meanwhile, the rear-axle drive motor is controlled to drive the rear axle to move.
CN202010173121.1A 2020-03-12 2020-03-12 Driving device and driving method of automobile Pending CN113386549A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210914