CN113383168A - Multi-control valve unit and construction machine - Google Patents

Multi-control valve unit and construction machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113383168A
CN113383168A CN202080013816.1A CN202080013816A CN113383168A CN 113383168 A CN113383168 A CN 113383168A CN 202080013816 A CN202080013816 A CN 202080013816A CN 113383168 A CN113383168 A CN 113383168A
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China
Prior art keywords
pressure oil
pilot
flow path
valve
control valve
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Granted
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CN202080013816.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113383168B (en
Inventor
青木诚司
藤山和人
东出善之
田中良和
畑直希
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Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
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Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
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Publication of CN113383168A publication Critical patent/CN113383168A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

Provided are a multi-control valve unit and a construction machine having a simple structure. The multi-control valve unit has: a plurality of first pilot chambers; a plurality of second pilot chambers; a pressure oil flow path formed in the first pilot chamber forming member and through which pressure oil supplied to each of the plurality of first pilot chambers and each of the plurality of second pilot chambers flows; a plurality of first proportional valves that adjust pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil flow path to each of the plurality of first pilot chambers; a plurality of second proportional valves that adjust pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil flow path to each of the plurality of second pilot chambers; a plurality of first pilot flow paths that allow pressure oil to flow between each of the plurality of first proportional valves and each of the plurality of first pilot chambers; and a plurality of second pilot flow paths that allow pressure oil to flow between each of the plurality of second proportional valves and each of the plurality of second pilot chambers.

Description

Multi-control valve unit and construction machine
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a multi-control valve unit (multi-control valve unit) having a plurality of control valves, and a construction machine.
Background
The following forms have been proposed: the control valve is provided with a valve for controlling supply and shutoff of the pressure oil in order to selectively supply the pressure oil to each pilot chamber. Patent document 1 discloses a valve for controlling supply and shutoff of the working fluid to the pilot chamber, which is provided only on one side of the control valve.
Prior art documents:
patent documents:
patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2004-84941.
Disclosure of Invention
The problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
however, the valve disclosed in patent document 1 has only a single control valve. Therefore, in the case where a multi-control valve unit having a plurality of control valves is used as the control valve described in patent document 1, the structure of the flow path of the pressure oil designed for each control valve is not disclosed. If the flow path of the pressure oil designed for each control valve is arbitrarily configured, there is a possibility that the structure of a multi-control valve unit having a plurality of control valves may be increased.
In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-control valve unit and a construction machine having a simple structure.
The technical means for solving the problems are as follows:
the multi-control valve unit of the present invention includes: a housing having a plurality of valve chambers therein; a plurality of spools disposed movably in an axial direction inside each of the plurality of valve chambers, and moving in the axial direction inside the valve chambers to switch connection states between the plurality of ports and adjust areas of communication portions communicating between the plurality of ports; a plurality of first pilot chambers for introducing a first pilot pressure to the first pilot pressure receiving portion on one side of each of the plurality of spools; a plurality of second pilot chambers for introducing a second pilot pressure to the second pilot pressure receiving portion on the other side of each of the plurality of spools; a first pilot chamber forming member disposed on the one side of the housing so as to cover the plurality of first pilot chambers; a plurality of second pilot chamber forming members which are disposed on the other side of the housing opposite to the one side so as to cover the plurality of second pilot chambers, and which house a spring for biasing the valve body to a neutral position therein; a plurality of first proportional valves and a plurality of second proportional valves provided in the first pilot chamber forming member; a pressure oil flow path provided in the first pilot chamber forming member and connected to each of the plurality of first proportional valves and each of the plurality of second proportional valves; a plurality of first pilot flow passages connected to the plurality of first proportional valves and the plurality of first pilot chambers, respectively; and a plurality of second pilot flow paths connected to the plurality of second proportional valves and the plurality of second pilot chambers, respectively.
In the multi-control valve unit having the above configuration, since the pressure oil flow passage through which the pressure oil supplied to each of the plurality of first pilot chambers and each of the plurality of second pilot chambers flows is formed in the first pilot chamber forming member, the pressure oil can be supplied to the first pilot chamber and the second pilot chamber of each spool from the pressure oil flow passage common to the plurality of spools. Therefore, the structure of the pressure oil flow passage in the multi-control valve unit can be simplified, and the structure of the multi-control valve unit can be simplified.
The plurality of valve chambers may be arranged in a first direction orthogonal to an axial direction of the spool, and the pressure oil flow passage may be formed in the first pilot chamber forming member so as to extend in the first direction.
Since the pressure oil flow passage is formed to extend in the same direction as the direction in which the plurality of valve chambers are arranged, the structure of the pressure oil flow passage can be simplified, and the structure of the multi-control valve unit can be simplified.
Further, a plurality of valve chamber rows in which the plurality of valve chambers are arranged in the first direction may be arranged in a second direction intersecting the first direction, the pressure oil passages may be provided in the valve chamber rows, and the pressure oil passages provided in the valve chamber rows may communicate with each other.
The pressure oil flow passages provided in the valve chamber rows communicate with each other, so that the number of pressure oil flow passages can be reduced. Therefore, the structure of the multi-control valve unit can be made simpler.
The first pilot chamber forming member may be provided with a drain flow path connected to each of the plurality of first proportional valves and each of the plurality of second proportional valves, and configured to guide the pressure oil discharged from the plurality of first pilot chambers and the plurality of second pilot chambers to an accumulator.
Since the drain flow path for guiding the pressure oil discharged from the first pilot chamber and the pressure oil discharged from the second pilot chamber of the plurality of valve chambers to the reservoir is provided, the pressure oil can be guided to the reservoir through the drain flow path common to the plurality of valve chambers. Therefore, the structure of the drain flow path in the multi-control valve unit can be simplified, and the structure of the multi-control valve unit can be simplified.
The plurality of valve chambers may be arranged in a first direction orthogonal to an axial direction of the spool, and the drain flow path may be formed inside the first pilot chamber forming member so as to extend in the first direction.
The drain flow path is formed to extend in the same direction as the direction in which the plurality of valve chambers are arranged, and the structure of the drain flow path and the structure of the multi-control valve unit can be simplified.
Further, a plurality of valve chamber rows in which the plurality of valve chambers are arranged in the first direction may be arranged in a second direction intersecting the first direction, the drain flow passages may be provided in the valve chamber rows, and the drain flow passages provided in the valve chamber rows may communicate with each other.
The discharge flow paths provided in the valve chamber rows communicate with each other, so that the number of discharge flow paths can be reduced. Therefore, the structure of the multi-control valve unit can be made simpler.
The construction machine according to the present invention is a construction machine in which the driving of the actuator is controlled by the above-described multi-control valve unit, and the multi-control valve unit is disposed at a position behind a cabin (cabin) so that the one side is positioned below in the direction of gravity.
The construction machine having the above-described structure is equipped with the multi-control valve unit having a simple structure, and thus the construction machine can be configured simply.
The invention has the following effects:
according to the present invention, the structure of the multi-control valve unit can be simplified, and the multi-control valve unit can be miniaturized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a hydraulic drive device for a hydraulic excavator, in which the drive of an actuator is controlled by a multi-control valve unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing in more detail a peripheral portion of the structure of the pressure oil flow path in the circuit diagram of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing one of the plurality of control valves in the circuit diagram of FIG. 2 in greater detail;
fig. 4 is a perspective view である of a multi-control valve unit used in the hydraulic drive device for the hydraulic excavator of fig. 1;
fig. 5 (a) is a sectional view of the multi-control valve unit of fig. 4 as viewed from the side, and (b) is a sectional view of the multi-control valve unit of fig. 4 as viewed from the front;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-control valve unit of fig. 4, as viewed from the front, with respect to a portion of the multi-control valve unit in which communication between pressure oil flow paths provided in respective covers is established;
fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of the multi-control valve unit of fig. 4 as viewed from the side;
fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the hydraulic excavator when the multi-control valve unit of fig. 1 is mounted on the hydraulic excavator.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a multi-control valve unit according to an embodiment of the present invention and a construction machine using the multi-control valve unit will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a hydraulic shovel is used as the construction machine. Therefore, the multi-control valve unit is used as a hydraulic excavator drive device that controls the drive of an actuator in a hydraulic excavator.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a hydraulic drive device for a hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment. In the hydraulic drive device 2000 for the hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment, two hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b are used to supply pressure oil for controlling the drive of the actuator to each control valve. The hydraulic drive device 2000 for the hydraulic excavator includes a tank 300. The hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b may be swash plate pumps or swash shaft pumps. In addition, the following forms are explained in the present embodiment: in the hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator, two hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b are used to supply pressure oil for controlling the drive of various actuators to the control valves, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the hydraulic drive device 2000 for the hydraulic excavator, there may be no two hydraulic pumps for driving the actuators. For example, three or more hydraulic pumps may be used, or only one hydraulic pump may be used.
The hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator includes a plurality of control valves. The plurality of control valves are arranged in two rows. Namely, the arrangement is as follows: a row of control valves arranged in a direction in which one of the two hydraulic pumps 200a, 200b supplies pressurized oil, along the hydraulic pump 200 a; and a row of control valves arranged along the direction in which the other hydraulic pump 200b supplies the pressure oil. The rows of the control valves are arranged parallel to the axial direction of the spool. In the present embodiment, the hydraulic drive device 2000 for the hydraulic excavator in which the control valves are arranged in two rows is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The control valves may not be two rows. For example, the control valves may be arranged in three rows, and the control valves may be arranged in one row.
On the hydraulic pump 200a side, in order from the side closer to the hydraulic pump 200 a: a control valve 510 for driving the bucket, a control valve 520 for driving the arm, a control valve 530 for driving the boom, and a control valve 540 for driving one of the crawler belts. However, the order of the control valves may be changed.
Further, on the hydraulic pump 200b side, there are provided, in order from the side closer to the hydraulic pump 200 b: a control valve 550 for driving the swing motor, a control valve 560 for driving the arm, a control valve 570 for driving the boom, and a control valve 580 for driving the other crawler belt. However, the order of the control valves may be changed.
In the present embodiment, supply lines (lines) 310 and 320, which are channels for pressure oil supplied from the hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b, are branched at the positions of the control valves, and the branched channels for pressure oil are connected to ports of the control valves. Thereby, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b is supplied to the control valves.
The hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment includes a bucket cylinder 610 as a hydraulic actuator for controlling the drive of a bucket in the hydraulic excavator. The bucket cylinder 610 is connected to the control valve 510, and the control valve 510 supplies pressure oil to one of the head (head) side and the rod (rod) side of the bucket cylinder 610, adjusts the flow rate of pressure oil discharged from the other, and switches the supply and discharge directions.
The hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator includes an arm cylinder 620 for controlling driving of the operation of the arm in the hydraulic excavator. The arm cylinder 620 is connected to the control valves 520 and 560, and the control valves 520 and 560 supply pressure oil to either the head side or the rod side of the arm cylinder 620 and adjust the flow rate of pressure oil discharged from either the head side or the rod side. The arm cylinder 620 causes the arm to perform an extending action and a retracting action. The operation of the arm can be controlled by controlling the driving of the arm cylinder 620.
The hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator includes a boom cylinder 630 for controlling driving of a boom in the hydraulic excavator. The boom cylinder 630 is connected to the control valves 530 and 570, and the control valves 530 and 570 supply pressure oil to one of the head side and the rod side of the boom cylinder 630 and adjust the flow rate of pressure oil discharged from the other. The boom cylinder 630 performs a raising operation and a lowering operation of the boom. The operation of the boom can be controlled by controlling the driving of the boom cylinder 630.
The hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator includes a hydraulic motor 640 that controls the drive of one crawler of the hydraulic excavator. The hydraulic motor 640 is connected to a control valve 540 that adjusts the flow rate of the pressure oil supplied to and discharged from the hydraulic motor 640.
The hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator includes a hydraulic motor 650 for driving a revolving body in the hydraulic excavator. The hydraulic motor 650 is connected to a control valve 550 that adjusts the flow rate of the pressure oil supplied to and discharged from the hydraulic motor 650.
The hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator includes a hydraulic motor 660 that controls the drive of the other crawler belt in the hydraulic excavator. The hydraulic motor 660 is connected to a control valve 580 that adjusts the flow rate of pressure oil supplied to and discharged from each pilot chamber of the hydraulic motor 660.
The control valve 510 is configured such that a flow path therefrom is connected to the bucket cylinder 610. The spool slides inside a valve chamber in the control valve 510, thereby controlling supply and discharge of the hydraulic oil to and from the bucket cylinder 610. In the present embodiment, the spool moves in the axial direction inside the valve chamber in accordance with the pilot pressure supplied to the pilot chamber. The valve body has a pilot pressure receiving portion (first pilot pressure receiving portion) that receives a pilot pressure on one side, and a pilot pressure receiving portion (second pilot pressure receiving portion) that receives a pilot pressure on the other side. One control valve forms two pilot chambers, and the spool moves according to a pressure difference of pilot pressures acting on the respective pilot pressure receiving portions in the two pilot chambers. Specifically, the spool inside the control valve 510 moves to a position where the thrust force corresponding to the pilot pressure and the restoring force of the spring 517 (fig. 5 (a), (b)) are balanced. The control valve 510 allows the pump port and the head-side or rod-side port of the bucket cylinder 610 to communicate with each other with an opening area corresponding to the amount of movement of the spool. In this way, the hydraulic oil is supplied to one of the head side and the rod side of the bucket cylinder 610 at an appropriate flow rate. At the same time, the other of the head side and the rod side of the bucket cylinder 610 communicates with the drain port of the reservoir passage at an opening area determined according to the stroke of the spool, and discharges the working oil to the reservoir 300 through the drain line 350 a.
The control valve 520 is configured such that a flow passage therefrom is connected to the arm cylinder 620. The valve body slides inside the valve chamber in the control valve 520, and thereby controls supply and discharge of the hydraulic oil to and from the arm cylinder 620. In the control valve 520, as in the control valve 510, the spool also moves in the axial direction inside the valve chamber in accordance with the pilot pressure supplied to the pilot chamber. Specifically, the control valve 520 is moved to a position where the thrust force corresponding to the pilot pressure and the restoring force of the spring 527 (fig. 5 (a)) are balanced. The control valve 520 allows the pump port and the head-side or rod-side ports of the arm cylinder 620 to communicate with each other at an opening area corresponding to the amount of movement of the spool. In this way, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the head side or the rod side of the arm cylinder 620 at an appropriate flow rate. Thereby, the control valve 520 switches the connection state between the plurality of ports. The other of the head side and the rod side of the arm cylinder 620 communicates with the drain port of the reservoir passage at an opening area determined according to the stroke of the valve element, and discharges the hydraulic oil. That is, the control valve 520 switches the connection state between the plurality of ports so that the hydraulic oil in the arm cylinder 620 flows into the tank 300, and discharges the hydraulic oil to the tank 300 through the discharge line 350 a.
The control valve 530 is configured such that a flow path therefrom is connected to the boom cylinder 630. The spool slides inside a valve chamber in the control valve 530, and controls supply and discharge of the hydraulic oil to and from the boom cylinder 630. In the control valve 530, as in the control valves 510 and 520, the spool also moves in the axial direction inside the valve chamber in accordance with the pilot pressure supplied to the pilot chamber. Specifically, the control valve 530 is moved to a position where the thrust force corresponding to the pilot pressure and the restoring force of the spring 537 (fig. 5 (a)) are balanced. The hydraulic oil is communicated with the pump port at one of the head side and the rod side of the boom cylinder 630 by the control valve 530, and has an opening area corresponding to the amount of movement of the spool. In this way, the hydraulic oil is supplied to one of the head side and the rod side ports of the boom cylinder 630 at an appropriate flow rate. In this manner, the control valve 530 switches the connection state between the plurality of ports. At the same time, the other of the head side and the rod side of the boom cylinder 630 communicates with the drain port of the reservoir passage at an opening area determined according to the stroke of the spool, and the boom cylinder 630 discharges the hydraulic oil. The control valve 530 switches the connection state between the plurality of ports in such a manner that the working oil in the boom cylinder 630 flows to the tank 300 and discharges the working oil to the tank 300 through the discharge line 350 a.
The control valve 540 is configured such that a flow path therefrom is connected to the hydraulic motor 640. The spool slides inside the valve chamber in the control valve 540, and controls the driving of the hydraulic motor 640 that drives one crawler belt. In the present embodiment, the spool moves in the axial direction inside the valve chamber in accordance with the pilot pressure supplied to the pilot chamber. Specifically, the control valve is moved to a position where the thrust corresponding to the pilot pressure and the restoring force of the spring 547 (fig. 5 (a)) are balanced. One of the ports of the hydraulic motor 640 communicates with the pump port through the control valve 540 with an opening area corresponding to the amount of movement of the spool. In this way, the hydraulic oil is supplied to one port of the hydraulic motor at an appropriate flow rate. At the same time, the other port of the hydraulic motor 640 communicates with the drain port of the tank passage at an opening area determined according to the stroke of the spool, and the hydraulic oil is discharged to the tank 300 through the drain line 350 a.
The control valve 550 is configured such that a flow path from the control valve is connected to a hydraulic motor 650 for rotating the rotary body, and controls driving of the hydraulic motor 650. The valve body slides inside the valve chamber in the control valve 550, and is configured to control the driving of the hydraulic motor 650. The spool moves in the axial direction inside the valve chamber in accordance with the pilot pressure supplied to the pilot chamber. Specifically, the control valve is moved to a position where the thrust force corresponding to the pilot pressure and the restoring force of the spring 557 (fig. 5 (b)) are balanced. One of the ports of the hydraulic motor 650 communicates with the pump port via the control valve 550 at an opening area corresponding to the amount of movement of the spool. In this way, the hydraulic oil is supplied to one port of the hydraulic motor at an appropriate flow rate. At the same time, the other port of the hydraulic motor 650 communicates with the drain port of the tank passage at an opening area determined according to the stroke of the spool, and the hydraulic oil is discharged to the tank 300 through the drain line 350 b.
The control valve 560 is configured such that a flow path therefrom is connected to the arm cylinder 620. The valve body slides inside the valve chamber in the control valve 560, and controls supply and discharge of the hydraulic oil to and from the arm cylinder 620. In the present embodiment, the spool moves in the axial direction inside the valve chamber in accordance with the pilot pressure supplied to the pilot chamber. Specifically, the spool inside the control valve 560 moves to a position where the thrust force corresponding to the pilot pressure and the restoring force of the spring 567 (fig. 5 (b)) are balanced. The control valve 560 allows the pump port and the head-side or rod-side port of the arm cylinder 620 to communicate with each other with an opening area corresponding to the amount of movement of the spool. In this way, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the head side or the rod side of the arm cylinder 620 at an appropriate flow rate. At the same time, the other of the head-side and rod-side ports of the arm cylinder 620 communicates with the port of the tank passage at an opening area determined according to the stroke of the spool, and the hydraulic oil is discharged to the tank 300 through the drain line 350 b.
The control valve 570 is configured such that a flow path therefrom is connected to the boom cylinder 630. The valve body slides inside the valve chamber in the control valve 570, and controls the supply of the hydraulic oil to the boom cylinder 630. In the present embodiment, the spool moves in the axial direction inside the valve chamber in accordance with the pilot pressure supplied to the pilot chamber. Specifically, the spool inside the control valve 570 is moved to a position where the thrust force corresponding to the pilot pressure and the restoring force of the spring 574 (fig. 2 and 5 (b)) are balanced. The head-side port of the boom cylinder 630 communicates with the pump port through the control valve 570 with an opening area corresponding to the amount of movement of the spool. In this way, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the head side of the boom cylinder 630 at an appropriate flow rate. In the present embodiment, the control valve 570 is not provided with a flow path connected to the tank 300. Therefore, the pressure oil cannot be discharged from the boom cylinder 630 through the control valve 570. The discharge of the pressure oil from the arm cylinder 630 is performed only by the control valve 530. Therefore, the control valve 570 can drive the boom raising operation, and does not participate in the driving operation during the boom lowering operation. When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the boom cylinder 630 through the control valve 570, the control valve 570 switches the connection state between the ports so that the hydraulic oil is supplied to the boom cylinder 630 at an appropriate flow rate. However, a control valve connected to the reservoir may be used instead, and the control valve may be configured to discharge the pressure oil from the arm cylinder. Accordingly, a control valve that is also suitable for the boom lowering operation may be used instead of the control valve 570. That is, a control valve of the same form as the control valve 530 may be used instead of the control valve 570.
The control valve 580 is configured such that a flow path therefrom is connected to the hydraulic motor 660. The spool slides inside the valve chamber in the control valve 580, and is configured to switch the drive of the hydraulic motor 660 that drives the other crawler belt. The spool moves in the axial direction inside the valve chamber in accordance with the pilot pressure supplied to the pilot chamber. Specifically, the control valve is moved to a position where the thrust force corresponding to the pilot pressure and the restoring force of the spring 587 (fig. 5 (b)) are balanced. One of the ports of the hydraulic motor 660 communicates with the pump port via the control valve 580 with an opening area corresponding to the amount of movement of the spool. In this way, the hydraulic oil is supplied to one port of the hydraulic motor at an appropriate flow rate. At the same time, the other port of the hydraulic motor 660 communicates with the drain port of the tank passage at an opening area determined according to the stroke of the spool, and the hydraulic oil is discharged to the tank 300 through the drain line 350 b.
As described above, each control valve includes a valve chamber and a spool that is slidable in the valve chamber. The spool is configured to be movable in an axial direction inside the valve chamber in accordance with the pilot pressure. In each control valve, the spool moves to switch the connection target between ports connected in the control valve, and the opening area of the communication portion is also adjusted to switch the drive of each hydraulic actuator.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a hydraulic system relating to a flow path of pressure oil for supplying pressure oil to a pilot chamber when moving a spool in the control valves 510 to 580 shown in fig. 1.
As shown in FIG. 2, a hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator is provided with a pressure oil flow path 330 which communicates with control valves 510 to 580, respectively. That is, the pressure oil flow path 330 communicates with the pilot chambers of the control valves 510 to 580, respectively. Two pilot chambers are provided for each of the control valves 510 to 580. The pressure oil flow path 330a connected to the control valves 510 to 540 in the pressure oil flow path 330 and the pressure oil flow path 330b connected to the control valves 550 to 580 communicate with each other. One end of the pressure oil flow path 330 is connected to the hydraulic pump 200 c. The hydraulic pump 200c is driven to supply pressure oil into the pressure oil flow path 330.
The hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator is provided with a drain passage 360 which communicates with the control valves 510 to 580, respectively. That is, the drain flow path 360 communicates with the pilot chambers of the control valves 510 to 580. Two pilot chambers are provided for each of the control valves 510 to 580. The exhaust flow path 360a connected to the control valves 510 to 540 and the exhaust flow path 360b connected to the control valves 550 to 580 in the exhaust flow path 360 communicate with each other. The other end of the drain passage 360 opposite to the end on which the hydraulic pump 200c is disposed is connected to the reservoir 300 a. The drain flow path 360 leads the pressure oil discharged from each of the plurality of pilot chambers (first pilot chambers) and the pressure oil discharged from each of the plurality of pilot chambers (second pilot chambers) to the reservoir 300a, and allows the pressure oil to flow therethrough.
The control valve 510 includes a pilot chamber (first pilot chamber) 511 and a pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) 512. A branch flow passage 331 that branches from the pressure oil flow passage 330a toward the pilot chamber 511 is formed between the pressure oil flow passage 330a and the pilot chamber 511. A branch passage 361 that branches from the drain passage 360a toward the pilot chamber 511 is formed between the drain passage 360a and the pilot chamber 511. The control valve 510 includes an electromagnetic proportional valve (first proportional valve) 513 connected to both the branch flow path 331 and the branch flow path 361, and the electromagnetic proportional valve 513 is connected to a flow path 511a communicating with the pilot chamber 511 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 511 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 511. The electromagnetic proportional valve 513 controls the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil flow path 330a to the pilot chamber 511 through the branch flow path 331 and the flow path 511a (first pilot flow path). The pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 511 to the drain flow path 360a through the flow path 511a and the branch flow path 361 is controlled.
A branch flow passage 332 that branches from the pressure oil flow passage 330a toward the pilot chamber 511 is formed between the pressure oil flow passage 330a and the pilot chamber 512. A branch flow path 362 that branches from the drain flow path 360a toward the pilot chamber 512 is formed between the drain flow path 360a and the pilot chamber 512. The control valve 510 includes a proportional solenoid valve (second proportional valve) 514 connected to both the branch flow passage 332 and the branch flow passage 362, and the proportional solenoid valve 514 is connected to the flow passage 512a communicating with the pilot chamber 512 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 512 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 512. The electromagnetic proportional valve 514 controls the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil flow path 330a to the pilot chamber 512 through the branch flow path 332 and the flow path 512a (second pilot flow path). The pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 512 to the drain flow path 360a through the flow path 512a and the branch flow path 362 is controlled.
Similarly to the control valve 510, the control valve 520 includes a pilot chamber (first pilot chamber) 521 and a pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) 522. A branch passage 333 branched from the pressure oil passage 330a is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil passage 330a and the pilot chamber 521. A branch flow path 363 branched from the discharge flow path 360a is formed to be connected between the discharge flow path 360a and the pilot chamber 521. The control valve 520 includes an electromagnetic proportional valve (first proportional valve) 523 connected to both the branch flow passage 333 and the branch flow passage 363, and the electromagnetic proportional valve 523 is connected to the flow passage 521a (first pilot flow passage) communicating with the pilot chamber 512 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 521 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 521.
A branch flow passage 334 branching from the pressure oil flow passage 330a is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil flow passage 330a and the pilot chamber 522. A branch flow path 364 branched from the discharge flow path 360a is formed so as to be connected between the discharge flow path 360a and the pilot chamber 522. The control valve 520 includes an electromagnetic proportional valve (second proportional valve) 524 connected to both the branch flow passage 334 and the branch flow passage 364, and the electromagnetic proportional valve 524 is connected to a flow passage 522a (second pilot flow passage) communicating with the pilot chamber 522, and controls the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 522 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 522.
Similarly, the control valve 530 includes a pilot chamber (first pilot chamber) 531 and a pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) 532. A branch flow path 335 branched from the pressure oil flow path 330a is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil flow path 330a and the pilot chamber 531. A branch flow path 365 branched from the drain flow path 360a is formed to connect between the drain flow path 360a and the pilot chamber 531. The control valve 530 includes an electromagnetic proportional valve (first proportional valve) 533 connected to both the branch flow path 335 and the branch flow path 365, and the electromagnetic proportional valve 533 is connected to a flow path 531a (first pilot flow path) communicating with the pilot chamber 531 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 531 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 531.
A branch passage 336 branched from the pressure oil passage 330a is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil passage 330a and the pilot chamber 532. A branch flow path 366 branched from the drain flow path 360a is formed so as to be connected between the drain flow path 360a and the pilot chamber 532. The control valve 530 includes an electromagnetic proportional valve (second proportional valve) 534 connected to both the branch flow passage 336 and the branch flow passage 366, and the electromagnetic proportional valve 534 is connected to a flow passage 532a (second pilot flow passage) communicating with the pilot chamber 532, and controls the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 532 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 532.
Similarly, the control valve 540 includes a pilot chamber (first pilot chamber) 541 and a pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) 542. A branch passage 337 branched from the pressure oil passage 330a is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil passage 330a and the pilot chamber 541. A branch flow path 367 branched from the drain flow path 360a is formed so as to be connected between the drain flow path 360a and the pilot chamber 541. The control valve 540 includes an electromagnetic proportional valve (first proportional valve) 543 connected to both the branch flow path 337 and the branch flow path 367, and the electromagnetic proportional valve 543 is connected to a flow path 541a (first pilot flow path) communicating with the pilot chamber 541 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 541 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 541.
A branch flow path 338 branched from the pressure oil flow path 330a is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil flow path 330a and the pilot chamber 542. A branch flow path 368 branched from the drain flow path 360a is formed so as to be connected between the drain flow path 360a and the pilot chamber 542. The control valve 540 includes an electromagnetic proportional valve (second proportional valve) 544 connected to both the branch flow path 338 and the branch flow path 368, and the electromagnetic proportional valve 544 is connected to a flow path 542a (second pilot flow path) communicating with the pilot chamber 542 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 542 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 542.
Similarly, the control valve 550 includes a pilot chamber (first pilot chamber) 551 and a pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) 552. A branch flow passage 339 is formed to be connected between the pressure oil flow passage 330b and the pilot chamber 551, and branches from the pressure oil flow passage 330 b. A branch flow path 369 branched from the drain flow path 360b is formed so as to be connected between the drain flow path 360b and the pilot chamber 551. The control valve 550 includes a proportional solenoid valve (first proportional valve) 553 connected to both the branch flow passage 339 and the branch flow passage 369, and the proportional solenoid valve 553 is connected to a flow passage 551a (first pilot flow passage) communicating with the pilot chamber 551 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 551 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 551.
A branch flow path 340 is formed to be connected between the pressure oil flow path 330b and the pilot chamber 552, and branches from the pressure oil flow path 330 b. The branch flow passage 370 is connected between the drain flow passage 360b and the pilot chamber 552, and is branched from the drain flow passage 360 b. The control valve 550 has a solenoid proportional valve (second proportional valve) 554 connected to both the branch flow path 340 and the branch flow path 370, and the solenoid proportional valve 554 is connected to a flow path 552a (second pilot flow path) communicating with the pilot chamber 552 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 552 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 552.
Similarly, the control valve 560 includes a pilot chamber (first pilot chamber) 561 and a pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) 562. A branch flow path 341 branched from the pressure oil flow path 330b is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil flow path 330b and the pilot chamber 561. A branch flow path 371 branched from the drain flow path 360b is formed so as to connect between the drain flow path 360b and the pilot chamber 561. The control valve 560 has a proportional solenoid valve (first proportional valve) 563 connected to both the branch flow path 341 and the branch flow path 371, and the proportional solenoid valve 563 is connected to a flow path 561a (first pilot flow path) communicating with the pilot chamber 561 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 561 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 561.
A branch flow passage 342 branched from the pressure oil flow passage 330b is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil flow passage 330b and the pilot chamber 562. A branch flow path 372 branched from the discharge flow path 360b is formed so as to be connected between the discharge flow path 360b and the pilot chamber 562. The control valve 560 has a proportional solenoid valve (second proportional valve) 564 connected to both the branch flow path 342 and the branch flow path 372, and the proportional solenoid valve 564 is connected to a flow path 562a (second pilot flow path) communicating with the pilot chamber 562 to control the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 562 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 562.
The control valve 570 includes a pilot chamber 571. In the present embodiment, the control valve 570 includes only one pilot chamber 571.
A branch flow path 343 branched from the pressure oil flow path 330b is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil flow path 330b and the pilot chamber 571. A branch flow path 373 branched from the discharge flow path 360b is formed so as to be connected to the pilot chamber 572 in a bracket manner. The control valve 570 has a solenoid proportional valve 573 connected to both the branch flow path 343 and the branch flow path 373, and the solenoid proportional valve 573 is connected to a flow path 571a communicating with the pilot chamber 571, and controls the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 571 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 571. The control valve 570 has a spring 574 that biases the valve body toward the neutral position.
The control valve 580 includes a pilot chamber (first pilot chamber) 581 and a pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) 582. A branch flow passage 344 that branches from the pressure oil flow passage 330b is formed so as to connect between the pressure oil flow passage 330b and the pilot chamber 581. A branch flow passage 374 is formed to be connected between the drain flow passage 360b and the pilot chamber 581, and branches from the drain flow passage 360 b. The control valve 580 includes a proportional solenoid valve (first proportional valve) 583 connected to both the branch flow passage 344 and the branch flow passage 374, and the proportional solenoid valve 583 is connected to a flow passage 581a (first pilot flow passage) communicating with the pilot chamber 581, and controls the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 581 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 581.
A branch flow path 345 branched from the pressure oil flow path 330b is formed so as to be connected between the pressure oil flow path 330b and the pilot chamber 582. A branch flow path 375 branched from the drain flow path 360b is formed so as to be connected between the drain flow path 360b and the pilot chamber 582. The control valve 580 includes an electromagnetic proportional valve (second proportional valve) 584 connected to both the branch flow path 345 and the branch flow path 375, and the electromagnetic proportional valve 584 is connected to a flow path 582a (second pilot flow path) communicating with the pilot chamber 582, and controls the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 582 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 582.
In this way, each of the control valves 510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 580 has a first proportional valve that controls the pilot pressure in the first pilot chamber and a second proportional valve that controls the pilot pressure in the second pilot chamber. The control valve 570 has a proportional valve that controls the pilot pressure in one pilot chamber.
The electromagnetic proportional valves 513 and 514 provided in the control valve 510 will be described in more detail with reference to fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3, the control valve 510 controls the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 511 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 511, and includes: an electromagnetic proportional valve 513 that controls the oil pressure inside the pilot chamber 511; and an electromagnetic proportional valve 514 that controls the pressure oil supplied to the pilot chamber 512 and the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 512, and controls the oil pressure inside the pilot chamber 512.
The electromagnetic proportional valve 513 can switch a flow path to be connected to the flow path 511a communicating with the pilot chamber 511 in accordance with an applied electric signal, and adjust the flow rate of the pressure oil flowing through the flow path. Specifically, in the electromagnetic proportional valve 513, the flow path connected to the flow path 511a is switched between the branch flow path 331 and the branch flow path 361. This enables selective supply of pressure oil to pilot chamber 511 and selective discharge of pressure oil from pilot chamber 511. When the pressure oil is supplied to the pilot chamber 511, the pressure oil is supplied to the electromagnetic proportional valve 513 through the branch flow path 331 branched from the pressure oil flow path 330a, and the pressure oil passing through the electromagnetic proportional valve 513 is supplied to the pilot chamber 511 through the flow path 511a through which the pressure oil flows between the electromagnetic proportional valve 513 and the pilot chamber 511. When the pressure oil is discharged from the pilot chamber 511, the pressure oil inside the pilot chamber 511 passes through the electromagnetic proportional valve 513 via the flow path 511a, and merges with the discharge flow path 360a via the branch flow path 362. Accordingly, the electromagnetic proportional valve 513 adjusts the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil flow passage 330a to the pilot chamber 511, and adjusts the pressure oil discharged from the first pilot chamber 511 to the discharge flow passage 360a, thereby adjusting the pressure of the pilot chamber 511.
Similarly, the electromagnetic proportional valve 514 can switch the flow path to be connected to the flow path 512a communicating with the pilot chamber 512 in accordance with the applied electric signal. The electromagnetic proportional valve 514 switches the flow path connected to the flow path 512a between the branch flow path 332 and the branch flow path 362. Either the supply of the pressure oil to the pilot chamber 512 or the discharge of the pressure oil from the pilot chamber 512 can be selectively performed. When the pressure oil is supplied to the pilot chamber 512, the pressure oil is supplied to the electromagnetic proportional valve 514 through the branch flow passage 332 branched from the pressure oil flow passage 330a, and the pressure oil passing through the electromagnetic proportional valve 514 is supplied to the pilot chamber 512 through the flow passage 512a through which the pressure oil flows between the electromagnetic proportional valve 514 and the pilot chamber 512. When the pressure oil is discharged from the pilot chamber 512, the pressure oil inside the pilot chamber 512 passes through the electromagnetic proportional valve 514 via the flow path 512a, and merges with the discharge flow path 360a via the branch flow path 362. Thus, the electromagnetic proportional valve 514 adjusts the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330a to the pilot chamber 512 and adjusts the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 512 to the drain passage 360a, thereby adjusting the pressure in the pilot chamber 512.
When the control lever is pushed down by the driver, an electric signal corresponding to the tilt angle of the control lever is output to a control device (not shown). When the control device detects that the control lever is pushed down by the driver, the control device controls the current supplied to each of the electromagnetic proportional valves so that the pressure of the pressurized oil in each of the pilot chambers becomes a pressure corresponding to the inclination angle of the control lever. Thus, the pressure oil flows into the pilot chambers through the electromagnetic proportional valves so that the pressure of the pressure oil in the pilot chambers becomes a pressure corresponding to the inclination angle of the control lever. As a result, the pilot pressures in the pilot pressure receiving portions in the pilot chambers are controlled so as to be changed to pilot pressures corresponding to the inclination angles of the operation levers.
The control valves 510 to 580 shown in fig. 1 to 3 are housed in the casing 100 (see fig. 4 to 7) to constitute a multi-control valve unit 1000.
Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of the multiple control valve unit 1000. In fig. 4, the area of the multi-control valve unit 1000 where the control valves 510 to 580 shown in fig. 1 are located is divided by a dotted line and indicated by a symbol.
The multiple control valve unit 1000 is provided with a housing 100. The case 100 has a rectangular parallelepiped box-like shape. The interior of the housing 100 houses a plurality of valve chambers for controlling the control valves 510-580 of various actuators.
The plurality of valve chambers are arranged in a direction (first direction) D1 perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve body, forming a valve chamber array. In the present embodiment, four valve chamber rows are arranged in the direction D1 to form a valve chamber row. Further, a plurality of valve chamber rows in which the four valve chambers are arranged in the direction D1 are arranged in the direction D2 (second direction) that intersects the direction D1. In the present embodiment, two valve chamber arrays are arranged in the direction D2. In fig. 4, the axial direction of the valve body perpendicular to the D1 direction and the D2 direction is referred to as the D3 direction.
The housing 100 is formed with pump ports 110a and 110b through which pressure oil from the hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b passes. In the multi-control valve unit 1000 of the present embodiment, two pump ports 110a and 110b are formed in the housing 100. Therefore, the pressure oil supplied from the two hydraulic pumps can be introduced into the casing 100 through the flow paths of the pressure oil communicating with the two pump ports 110a and 110b, respectively, by independent systems.
The case 100 has formed thereon: a row of control valves arranged in a direction in which pressure oil from one hydraulic pump 200a is supplied through the pump port 110 a; and a row of control valves arranged in a direction in which pressure oil is supplied from the other hydraulic pump 200b through the pump port 110 b.
A cover (first pilot chamber forming member) 700 is attached to the housing 100. Cover 700 is provided only on one side of case 100, and is attached to the lower side of case 100 in fig. 4. In the present embodiment, different covers 700a, 700b are attached to the housing 100 for each valve chamber row.
Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the multiple control valve unit 1000. Fig. 5 (a) shows a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the multi-control valve unit 1000 of fig. 4 viewed in the direction D2, and fig. 5 (b) shows a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the multi-control valve unit 1000 viewed in the direction D1. In fig. 5, cover 700 is disposed downward in the direction of gravity so as to assume an attitude when multi-control valve unit 1000 is mounted on the hydraulic excavator (fig. 8).
As shown in fig. 5 (a), in each of the plurality of control valves, only the valve chambers 516, 526, 536, 546, 556, 566, 576, 586 of the control valves 510 to 580 are disposed inside the housing 100. The interior of the housing 100 is not formed with a pilot chamber. The valve chambers 516 to 586 are disposed in parallel with each other in the axial direction inside the housing 100. Further, valve elements 515, 525, 535, 545, 555, 565, 575, 585 are disposed in the respective valve chambers 516 to 586 so as to be parallel to each other in the axial direction.
Spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h are attached to the other side of the case 100 opposite to the one side to which the cover 700 is attached, and the spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h extend from the valve chambers to the outside of the case 100, and internally form pilot chambers for the corresponding control valves. The spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h have pilot chambers (second pilot chambers) of corresponding control valves formed therein. The spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h are attached to the case 100 such that distal end portions of the spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h protrude outward from the case 100. In the present embodiment, the spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h are disposed so as to cover the respective pilot chambers.
Springs 517, 527, 537, 547, 557, 567, 574, and 587 for returning the respective valve bodies 515 to 585 to neutral are disposed inside the spring chamber forming members 120a to 120 h. Further, an upper ring and a lower ring are disposed inside each of the spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h in order to hold the springs 517 to 587 at predetermined positions inside the spring chamber forming members 120a to 120 h. The spools 515 to 585 are biased by springs 517 to 587 to maintain a neutral position, and move according to a pilot pressure of the pilot chamber. The spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h form a pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) therein, and also function as spring chambers that house the springs 517 to 587 therein. In the present embodiment, the form in which the entire pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) is formed inside the spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h may be configured such that the insides thereof form only a part of the pilot chamber (second pilot chamber). The spring chamber forming members 120a to 120h may be formed with at least a part of a pilot chamber (second pilot chamber) inside.
In the present embodiment, the spring chamber forming member 120a is attached to the housing 100 so as to form the pilot chamber 512 of the control valve 510. Likewise, the spring chamber forming member 120b is mounted to the housing 100 in a form forming a pilot chamber 522 of the control valve 520. The spring chamber forming member 120c is attached to the housing 100 so as to form a pilot chamber 532 of the control valve 530. The spring chamber forming member 120d is attached to the housing 100 so as to form a pilot chamber 542 of the control valve 540. The spring chamber forming member 120e is attached to the housing 100 so as to form a pilot chamber 552 of the control valve 550. The spring chamber forming member 120f is attached to the housing 100 so as to form a pilot chamber 562 of the control valve 560. The spring chamber forming member 120g is attached to the housing 100 so as to form a pilot chamber 571 of the control valve 570. The spring chamber forming member 120h is attached to the housing 100 so as to form a pilot chamber 582 of the control valve 580.
On one side of the case 100, a pilot chamber (first pilot chamber) is formed by a cover 700. A recess is formed inside the cover 700, and the cover 700 is attached to the housing 100 so as to cover an end of the valve chamber, thereby forming a pilot chamber between the housing 100 and the cover 700. In this manner, the cover 700 is disposed on one side of the housing 100 so as to cover the plurality of pilot chambers. In the present embodiment, the entire pilot chamber formed inside the cover 700 is formed inside the cover 700, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The control valve may be configured such that only a part of the pilot chamber is formed in the cover 700 and a part of the pilot chamber is formed in the casing 100. The cover 700 may form at least a part of the pilot chamber.
In the present embodiment, the cover 700a has a pilot chamber 511 of the control valve 510, a pilot chamber 521 of the control valve 520, a pilot chamber 531 of the control valve 530, and a pilot chamber 541 of the control valve 540 formed therein. The cover 700b has a pilot chamber 551 of the control valve 550, a pilot chamber 561 of the control valve 560, and a pilot chamber 581 of the control valve 580 formed therein.
The pressure oil flow path 330a is formed in the cover 700a along the direction D1 in fig. 4 and 5 (a). A pressure oil flow path 330b is formed in the cover 700b in the direction D1. The pressure oil flow paths 330a and 330b are formed substantially entirely in the direction D1 of the covers 700a and 700 b. Therefore, the pressure oil flow path 330a is formed to communicate with each of the plurality of pilot chambers 511, 512, 521, 522, 531, 532, 541, and 542. The pressure oil flow path 330b is formed to communicate with each of the plurality of pilot chambers 551, 552, 561, 562, 571, 572, 581, 582.
Similarly, the cover 700a has a drain flow path 360a formed along a direction D1 in fig. 4 and 5 (a). The cover 700b has a discharge flow path 360b formed thereon in the direction D1. The discharge flow paths 360a, 360b are formed substantially entirely in the D1 direction of the hoods 700a, 700 b. Therefore, the discharge flow path 360a is formed in communication with each of the plurality of pilot chambers 511, 512, 521, 522, 531, 532, 541, 542. The drain flow path 360b is formed to communicate with each of the plurality of pilot chambers 551, 552, 561, 562, 571, 581, 582.
As shown in fig. 5 (b), two electromagnetic proportional valves are installed at positions corresponding to the control valves of the cover 700 for one control valve.
The control valve 510 is provided with an electromagnetic proportional valve 513 and an electromagnetic proportional valve 514 mounted on the cover 700 a. The electromagnetic proportional valve 513 is connected to the branch flow path 331 and the branch flow path 361 and is connected to the flow path 511a (fig. 2). Therefore, the pilot pressure (first pilot pressure) in the pilot chamber 511 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330a to the pilot chamber 511 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 511 to the drain passage 360a using the electromagnetic proportional valve 513. The electromagnetic proportional valve 514 is connected to the branch flow passage 332 and the branch flow passage 362, and is connected to the flow passage 512 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure (second pilot pressure) in the pilot chamber 512 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330a to the pilot chamber 512 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 512 to the drain passage 360b using the electromagnetic proportional valve 514. The pilot pressures are controlled by the electromagnetic proportional valves 513 and 514, and the spool 515 in the valve chamber 516 associated with the control valve 510 can be moved.
In the control valve 520, an electromagnetic proportional valve 523 and an electromagnetic proportional valve 524 are attached to the cover 700 a. The electromagnetic proportional valve 523 is connected to the branch flow path 333 and the branch flow path 363, and is connected to the flow path 521 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 521 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330a to the pilot chamber 521 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 521 to the drain passage 360a using the electromagnetic proportional valve 523. The electromagnetic proportional valve 524 is connected to the branch flow passage 334 and the branch flow passage 364, and is connected to the flow passage 522 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 522 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330a to the pilot chamber 522 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 522 to the drain passage 360a using the electromagnetic proportional valve 524. The pilot pressures are controlled by the electromagnetic proportional valves 523 and 524, and the spool 525 inside the valve chamber 526 associated with the control valve 520 can be moved.
In the control valve 530, electromagnetic proportional valves 533 and 534 are attached to the cover 700 a. Electromagnetic proportional valve 533 is connected to branch flow path 335 and branch flow path 365 and is attached to flow path 531 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 531 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil flow path 330a to the pilot chamber 531 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 531 to the drain flow path 360a using the electromagnetic proportional valve 533. The electromagnetic proportional valve 534 is connected to the branch flow passage 336 and the branch flow passage 366, and is attached to the flow passage 532 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 532 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330a to the pilot chamber 532 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 532 to the drain passage 360a using the electromagnetic proportional valve 534. By controlling the pilot pressures using the electromagnetic proportional valves 533, 534, the spool 535 in the valve chamber 536 associated with the control valve 530 can be moved.
In the control valve 540, electromagnetic proportional valves 543 and 544 are attached to the cover 700 a. The electromagnetic proportional valve 543 is connected to the branch flow passage 337 and the branch flow passage 367 and is attached to the flow passage 541 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 541 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330a to the pilot chamber 541 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 541 to the drain passage 360a using the electromagnetic proportional valve 543. The electromagnetic proportional valve 544 is connected to the branch flow path 338 and the branch flow path 368 and is attached to the flow path 542 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 542 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330a to the pilot chamber 542 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 542 to the drain passage 360a using the electromagnetic proportional valve 544. The pilot pressures are controlled by the electromagnetic proportional valves 543, 544, and the spool 545 in the valve chamber 546 of the control valve 540 can be moved.
In the control valve 550, electromagnetic proportional valves 553 and 554 are attached to the cover 700 b. The electromagnetic proportional valve 553 is connected to the branch flow passage 339 and the branch flow passage 369 and is connected to the flow passage 551 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 551 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330b to the pilot chamber 551 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 551 to the discharge passage 360b using the electromagnetic proportional valve 553. The electromagnetic proportional valve 554 is connected to the branch flow passage 340 and the branch flow passage 370, and is connected to the flow passage 552 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 552 can be controlled by controlling the amount of pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330b to the pilot chamber 552 and the amount of pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 552 to the drain passage 360b using the electromagnetic proportional valve 554. The pilot pressures are controlled by the electromagnetic proportional valves 553 and 554, and the spool 555 in the valve chamber 556 associated with the control valve 550 can be moved.
In the control valve 560, electromagnetic proportional valves 563 and 564 are attached to the cover 700 b. The electromagnetic proportional valve 563 is connected to the branch flow path 341 and the branch flow path 371, and is attached to the flow path 561 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 561 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330b to the pilot chamber 561 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 561 to the drain passage 360b using the electromagnetic proportional valve 563. Further, an electromagnetic proportional valve 564 is connected to the branch flow passage 342 and the branch flow passage 372 and is attached to the flow passage 562 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 562 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330b to the pilot chamber 562 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 562 to the drain passage 360b using the electromagnetic proportional valve 564. The respective pilot pressures are controlled by the electromagnetic proportional valves 563 and 564, and the spool 565 inside the valve chamber 566 associated with the control valve 560 can be moved.
The control valve 570 and the electromagnetic proportional valve 573 are attached to the cover 700 b. The electromagnetic proportional valve 573 is connected to the branch flow passage 343 and the branch flow passage 373 and is attached to the flow passage 571 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 571 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330b to the pilot chamber 571 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 571 to the discharge passage 360b using the electromagnetic proportional valve 573. The pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 571 is controlled by the electromagnetic proportional valve 573, and the spool 575 in the valve chamber 576 associated with the control valve 570 can be displaced.
In the control valve 580, electromagnetic proportional valves 583 and 584 are attached to the cover 700 b. The electromagnetic proportional valve 583 is connected to the branch flow passage 344 and the branch flow passage 374, and is connected to the flow passage 581 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 581 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330b to the pilot chamber 581 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 581 to the drain passage 360b using the electromagnetic proportional valve 583. The electromagnetic proportional valve 584 is connected to the branch flow path 345 and the branch flow path 375 and is connected to the flow path 582 a. Therefore, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 582 can be controlled by controlling the amount of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil passage 330b to the pilot chamber 582 and the amount of the pressure oil discharged from the pilot chamber 582 to the drain passage 360b using the electromagnetic proportional valve 584. The pilot pressures are controlled by the electromagnetic proportional valves 583 and 584, and the spool 585 in the valve chamber 586 of the control valve 580 can be moved.
As described above, in the present embodiment, in the control valve having two electromagnetic proportional valves, any one of the two electromagnetic proportional valves disposed for each control valve is attached to the cover 700 disposed on one side of the housing 100. That is, the electromagnetic proportional valves are provided on only one side of the valve body in each of the control valves 510 to 580.
Since all the electromagnetic proportional valves are provided on only one side of the spool, any one of the two electromagnetic proportional valves is connected to the pilot chamber located at a relatively distant position. In the control valve 510, the pilot pressure in the pilot chamber 512 located on the other side of the spool is controlled using the electromagnetic proportional valve 514. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the flow path 512a connecting between the electromagnetic proportional valve 514 and the pilot chamber 512 is formed so as to penetrate the inside of the case 100 in the direction D3, which is the same as the axial direction of the valve body. The pressure oil in the pressure oil flow path 330a is supplied to the interior of the pilot chamber 512 through the flow path 512a crossing the casing 100, and the pressure oil in the pilot chamber 512 is discharged to the drain flow path 360a through the flow path 512 a. The direction of the pressure oil flowing through the flow path 512a of the casing 100 and the flow rate of the pressure oil are controlled in the direction D3 (fig. 4) by using the electromagnetic proportional valve 514.
Similarly, in the control valve 520, the pressure oil is supplied to and discharged from the pilot chamber 522 through the flow path 522a intersecting the casing 100 in the direction D3. In the control valve 530, the pressure oil is supplied to and discharged from the pilot chamber 532 by crossing the flow path 532a of the casing 100 in the direction D3. In the control valve 540, the pressure oil in the pilot chamber 542 is supplied and discharged by crossing the flow path 542a of the casing 100 in the direction D3. In the control valve 550, the pressure oil is supplied and discharged from the pilot chamber 552 through a flow path 552a that intersects the casing 100 in the direction D3. In the control valve 560, the pressure oil in the pilot chamber 562 is supplied and discharged by crossing the flow path 562a of the casing 100 in the direction D3. In the control valve 570, the pressure oil in the pilot chamber 571 is supplied and discharged by a flow path 571a that intersects the casing 100 in the direction D3. In the control valve 580, the pressure oil in the pilot chamber 582 is supplied and discharged by crossing the flow path 582a of the casing 100 in the direction D3.
The pressure oil flow path 330a passing through the cover 700a and the pressure oil flow path 330b passing through the cover 700b communicate with each other. The exhaust flow path 360a through the cap 700a and the exhaust flow path 360b through the cap 700b communicate with each other. Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the flow path of the portion where the pressure oil flow paths 330a, 330b communicate with each other and the portion where the drain flow paths 360a, 360b communicate with each other. In the present embodiment, the pressure oil flow path 330a and the pressure oil flow path 330b communicate with each other at an end (an end on the control valve 510 side) in the direction opposite to the direction D1 shown in fig. 5 a. Likewise, the drain flow path 360a and the drain flow path 360b communicate at the end in the direction opposite to the direction of D1 shown in fig. 5 (a).
The pressure oil flow paths 330a and 330b change their direction at the end portions in the direction opposite to the direction D1 in fig. 5 so as to be directed in the same direction as the axial direction of the spool (in the direction opposite to the direction D3 (fig. 4)). In the present embodiment, the direction of the flow path is changed upward in fig. 6. The pressure oil flow paths 330a and 330b extend upward, and further change the direction of the flow paths so as to be directed toward each other inside the casing 100. Therefore, the pressure oil flow passages 330a, 330b, and 330c are configured such that the pressure oil flow passages 330a and 330b communicate with each other in the pressure oil flow passage 330c inside the casing 100. Similarly, the discharge flow paths 360a and 360b change their orientations at the end portions in the direction opposite to the direction D1 in fig. 5 so as to be oriented in the same direction as the axial direction of the spool (in the direction opposite to the direction D3 (fig. 4)). In the present embodiment, the direction of the flow path is changed upward in fig. 6. The discharge flow paths 360a and 360b extend upward, and further change the direction of the flow paths so as to be directed toward a direction in which they approach each other inside the casing 100. Accordingly, the drain flow paths 360a, 360b, 360c are respectively configured in such a manner that the drain flow paths 360a, 360b communicate with each other at the drain flow path 360c inside the casing 100.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the position where the pressure oil flow paths 330a and 330b communicate with each other and the position where the drain flow paths 360a and 360b communicate with each other are the same position in the direction D1.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator is provided with a hydraulic pump 200c for supplying pressure oil to the pressure oil flow path 330. The hydraulic pump 200c is driven to supply the pressure oil from the control valve 580 to the control valve 550 in the pressure oil flow path 330a, and further, the pressure oil flows into the pressure oil flow path 330b and is supplied from the control valve 510 to the control valve 540. Therefore, the pressure oil can be supplied to the control valves 510 to 580. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The hydraulic drive device 2000 for a hydraulic excavator may be configured such that the pressure oil in the pressure oil flow path 330 is supplied to the pressure oil flow path 330 by another structure without being supplied from the hydraulic pump 200 c. For example, a part of the pressure oil from the supply lines 310 and 320 to which the pressure oil is supplied by the hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b shown in fig. 1 may be introduced into the pressure oil flow path 330 and used for supplying the pressure oil in the pressure oil flow path 330. At this time, in order to supply the pressure oil in the pressure oil flow path 330, if the pressure of the pressure oil from the hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b is too high, a structure for reducing the pressure of the pressure oil supplied into the pressure oil flow path 330 may be employed. For example, a pressure reducing valve may be used to reduce the pressure of the pressure oil supplied to the pressure oil flow path 330.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the casing 100a and the pressure oil flow path in a mode in which a part of the pressure oil in the supply lines 310 and 320 to which the pressure oil is supplied by the hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b is introduced into the pressure oil flow path 330, without using the hydraulic pump 200 c.
A cover 800 is attached to the case 100a shown in fig. 7. Inside the cover 800 are disposed: a flow path 810 communicating with the pressure oil flow path 330a and through which pressure oil flows; a pressure reducing valve 820 connected to the flow path 810 and capable of reducing the pressure of the pressure oil flowing therethrough; and a flow path 830 connected to the pressure reducing valve 820 and through which pressure oil flows.
The flow path 830 is connected to the supply line 310, for example, and supplies a part of the pressure oil flowing through the supply line 310 to the inside of the flow path 830. The pressure oil supplied from the supply line 310 to the flow path 830 is supplied to the flow path 810 through the pressure reducing valve 820, and is supplied to the pressure oil flow path 330 a. Since the pressure oil flowing through the supply line 310 is higher in pressure than the pressure oil flowing through the pressure oil flow path 330a, the pressure oil inside the supply line 310 cannot be used as it is. In the configuration of fig. 7, since the pressure oil from the supply line 310 is supplied to the pressure oil flow path 330a through the pressure reducing valve 820, the pressure of the pressure oil in the flow path 330a can be reduced to an appropriate pressure, and the pressure oil of an appropriate pressure can be supplied to the pressure oil flow path 330 a.
With this configuration, the pressure oil pump 200c can be saved. Thereby, the number of the pressure oil pumps can be reduced. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the hydraulic drive device 2000 for the hydraulic excavator can be suppressed to be low. In the embodiment of fig. 7, the flow path 830 is connected to the supply line 310, but the flow path 830 may be connected to the supply line 320. The pressure oil may be guided from another structure as long as the pressure oil can be supplied to the pressure oil flow path 330. In this case, a structure for appropriately adjusting the pressure of the pressure oil before supplying the pressure oil to the pressure oil flow path 330 may be used. The structure for appropriately adjusting the pressure of the pressure oil may not be a pressure reducing valve, and may be other structures. In this case, not only the structure for reducing the pressure but also the structure for increasing the pressure may be used.
Next, a hydraulic excavator in which the multi-control valve unit 1000 described above is mounted on the hydraulic excavator 3000 will be described. Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of multi-control valve unit 1000 and hydraulic excavator 3000 in a state where multi-control valve unit 1000 is mounted on hydraulic excavator 3000.
In general, in a construction machine such as the hydraulic excavator 3000, the multi-control valve unit 1000 is disposed in a posture in which the axial direction of the spool is along the gravity direction for easy maintenance. In addition, the multi-control valve unit 1000 is mostly disposed behind the cabin according to the relationship of the disposition positions of other structures. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the multi-control valve unit 1000 is mounted on the excavator 3000 in a position behind the cabin with the cover 700 and the electromagnetic proportional valve positioned below.
In the multi-control valve unit 1000 of the present embodiment, all the electromagnetic proportional valves are provided on only one side of the spool. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, in a state where the multi-control valve unit 1000 is mounted on the excavator 3000, the electromagnetic proportional valve is provided only below the spool. Therefore, as shown in fig. 8, when the multi-control valve unit 1000 is mounted on the excavator 3000 in a manner that the upper portion of the multi-control valve unit 1000 is exposed to the outside, the exposure of the electromagnetic proportional valve to the outside can be suppressed. In particular, the electromagnetic proportional valve can be prevented from being exposed to the outside at the upper portion of the excavator 3000.
In the case where the electromagnetic proportional valve of the multi-control valve unit 1000 is attached to both sides in the axial direction of the spool, the electromagnetic proportional valve is also attached to the upper side of the multi-control valve unit 1000. At this time, the upper portion of the multi-control valve unit is exposed to the outside, and the electromagnetic proportional valve is mounted thereon, so that the electromagnetic proportional valve is exposed to the outside.
In particular, when the electromagnetic proportional valve is exposed to the outside at the upper portion of the hydraulic excavator 3000, the driver may walk on the hydraulic excavator 3000 when the driver enters the hydraulic excavator or performs maintenance on the hydraulic excavator 3000, and the driver may collide with the electromagnetic proportional valve. The electromagnetic proportional valve is relatively easy to malfunction in case of conflict. Therefore, the electromagnetic proportional valve collides with the driver, and a malfunction of the electromagnetic proportional valve may occur.
In contrast, in the present embodiment, the electromagnetic proportional valve can be disposed only on one side of the multi-control valve unit 1000, and therefore can be disposed only below each valve body of the multi-control valve unit 1000 shown in fig. 8 in the direction of gravity. Therefore, the electromagnetic proportional valve is housed inside the hydraulic excavator 3000, and exposure to the outside above the hydraulic excavator 3000 can be suppressed. Therefore, the occurrence of a conflict between the electromagnetic proportional valve and the driver can be suppressed.
Further, when the driver walks on the hydraulic excavator 3000, the electromagnetic proportional valve is not disposed at a position above the hydraulic excavator 3000, and therefore, the portion of the multi-control valve unit 1000 that protrudes upward can be reduced by the electromagnetic proportional valve. Therefore, the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be suppressed from becoming an obstacle when the driver is walking.
In the present embodiment, the proportional solenoid valve, which is originally disposed at the upper position in the axial direction of the valve body in the multi-control valve unit 1000 and is disposed so as to project further upward in the axial direction of the valve body, is disposed at a position overlapping the position where the lower proportional solenoid valve is originally disposed. Therefore, in the multi-control valve unit 1000, the length of the portion protruding upward in the axial direction of the spool can be suppressed to be small. That is, the length of the portion protruding upward in the axial direction of the valve body from the case 100 can be suppressed to be small. This can reduce the length of the multi-control valve unit 1000 in the axial direction of the spool, and can reduce the size of the multi-control valve unit 1000.
In the present embodiment, since all the electromagnetic proportional valves are provided only on one side of the spool in the multi-control valve unit 1000, the other side of the multi-control valve unit 1000 has a space margin. That is, the space is left by the amount corresponding to the removal of the electromagnetic proportional valve on the other side opposite to the side on which the electromagnetic proportional valve is attached to the case 100 by the cover 700. Therefore, an additional structure can be added to the space. For example, a sensor capable of detecting the position of the valve element may be attached to the space. The position of the spool of each control valve can be detected by a sensor, and the position of the spool can be managed, whereby the operation state of the device in the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be managed. Therefore, by using the data of the operating conditions in the multi-control valve unit 1000, the control of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be performed in a wider range.
In the present embodiment, in the multi-control valve unit 1000, the proportional solenoid valve is provided only on one side of the spool, and therefore the positional relationship between the proportional solenoid valve and the spool is the same for all the spools. In the present embodiment, the pilot pressures in the pilot chambers are controlled from a position below the spool in all the electromagnetic proportional valves, so that the balance of the pilot pressures in the two pilot chambers is controlled, and the movement of the spool is controlled. At this time, the positional relationship between the electromagnetic proportional valve and the spool is the same for all the spools, so that the secondary pressure characteristic of the electromagnetic proportional valve can be aligned between all the electromagnetic proportional valves. The secondary pressure characteristics between all the electromagnetic proportional valves are aligned, so that adjustment of the secondary pressure for moving the spool is not required for each electromagnetic proportional valve.
In the present embodiment, the cover 700a has the pressure oil flow path 330a formed therein, and the pressure oil flow path 330a communicates with each of the pilot chambers (first pilot chambers) on one side and each of the pilot chambers (second pilot chambers) on the other side of the four control valves 510 to 540. Therefore, the pressure oil flow path 330a can be shared among the four control valves 510 to 540 in the cover 700 a. Thus, the flow path structure of the pressure oil flow path 330a can be simplified between the four control valves 510 to 540, and the structure of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be simplified. Therefore, the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be downsized, and the manufacturing cost of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be suppressed to be low.
The cover 700b has a pressure oil flow path 330b formed therein, and the pressure oil flow path 330b communicates with each of the pilot chambers (first pilot chambers) on one side and each of the pilot chambers (second pilot chambers) on the other side of the four control valves 550 to 580. Therefore, the pressure oil flow path 330b can be shared among the four control valves 550 to 580 in the cover 700 b. This simplifies the flow path structure of the pressure oil flow path 330b between the four control valves 550 to 580, and simplifies the structure of the multi-control valve unit 1000. Therefore, the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be further miniaturized, and the manufacturing cost of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be further suppressed to be low.
In the present embodiment, four valve chambers are arranged between the four control valves 510 to 540 in the direction D1 perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve body, and the pressure oil flow path 330a is formed inside the cover 700a so as to extend in the direction D1. Therefore, the direction in which the four valve chambers in the cover 700a are aligned is the same as the direction in which the pressure oil flow path 330a extends.
The pressure oil flow path 330a is formed inside the cover 700a so as to extend in the same direction as the direction in which the four valve chambers are arranged, and therefore the structure of the pressure oil flow path 330a can be simplified. Therefore, the structure of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be made simpler. The pressure oil flow path 330b is also formed inside the cover 700b so as to extend in the same direction as the direction in which the four valve chambers are arranged, and therefore the structure of the pressure oil flow path 330b can be simplified. Therefore, the structure of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be made simpler.
In the present embodiment, the valve chamber row in which the four valve chambers are arranged in the direction D1 is configured such that the four valve chambers are arranged in two rows in the direction D2 that intersects the direction D1, and the pressure oil passages 330a and 330b provided in the valve chamber rows communicate with each other. Since the pressure oil flow paths 330a and 330b communicate with each other, the number of pressure oil flow paths 330a and 330b can be reduced, and the flow path structure inside the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be simplified.
In the present embodiment, the pressure oil flow path 330 is formed by a single flow path. Therefore, the number of pipes connected to the pressure oil flow path 330 to supply oil to the pressure oil flow path 330 can be reduced. If the pressure oil flow path is provided for each control valve, a pipe connected to the pressure oil flow path for supplying oil to the pressure oil flow path needs to be provided for each pressure oil flow path. Therefore, the number of pipes connected to the pressure oil flow path increases, and the structure of the pipes may become complicated.
In the present embodiment, the cover 700a is provided with the drain flow path 360a, and the drain flow path 360a communicates with each of the drain ports for guiding the pressure oil to the tank in the four valve chambers of the control valves 510 to 540. Therefore, the four control valves 510 to 540 can share the exhaust flow path 360a in the housing 700 a.
Thus, the flow path structure of the discharge flow path 360a can be simplified among the four control valves 510 to 540, and the structure of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be simplified. Therefore, the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be miniaturized, and the manufacturing cost of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be suppressed to be low.
In the present embodiment, four valve chambers are arranged between the four control valves 510 to 540 in the direction D1 perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve body, and the drain flow path 360a is formed inside the cover 700a so as to extend in the direction D1. Therefore, the direction in which the four valve chambers are arranged inside the cover 700a is the same as the direction in which the discharge flow path 360a extends.
The drain flow path 360a is formed inside the cover 700a so as to extend in the same direction as the direction in which the four valve chambers are arranged, and therefore the structure of the drain flow path 360a can be simplified. Therefore, the structure of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be made simpler. Further, the drain flow path 360b is also formed inside the cover 700b so as to extend in the same direction as the direction in which the four valve chambers are arranged, and therefore the structure of the drain flow path 360b can be simplified. Therefore, the structure of the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be made simpler.
In the present embodiment, the valve chamber row in which the four valve chambers are arranged in the direction D1 is arranged in two rows in the direction D2 intersecting the direction D1, and the drain passages 360a and 360b provided in the respective valve chamber rows communicate with each other. Since the drain flow paths 360a, 360b communicate with each other, the number of drain flow paths 360a, 360b can be reduced, and the flow path structure inside the multi-control valve unit 1000 can be made simpler.
In the present embodiment, the discharge flow path 360 is formed by a single flow path. Therefore, the number of pipes connected to the drain flow path 360 for guiding the oil discharged from each of the control valves 510 to 580 to the reservoir 300a can be reduced. If the drain flow path is provided for each control valve, a pipe connected to the drain flow path for guiding the oil discharged from the control valve to the tank needs to be provided for each drain flow path. Therefore, the number of pipes connected to the discharge flow path increases, and the structure of the pipes may become complicated.
In the present embodiment, the pressure oil flow path 330a and the drain flow path 360a are configured to extend in the same direction in the cover 700 a. Therefore, the flow path structure inside the cover 700a can be simplified. In the cover 700b, the pressure oil flow path 330b and the drain flow path 360b are configured to extend in the same direction. Therefore, the flow path structure inside the cover 700b can be simplified.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic excavator 3000 is configured to control the driving of the actuator using the multi-control valve unit 1000 described above. In hydraulic excavator 3000, multi-control valve unit 1000 is disposed at a position rearward of the cabin so as to be located below the side of the spool on which the electromagnetic proportional valve is disposed in the direction of gravity.
Since the multi-control valve unit 1000 described above is mounted on the hydraulic excavator 3000, the structure of the hydraulic excavator 3000 can be simplified. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of hydraulic excavator 3000 can be suppressed, and hydraulic excavator 3000 can be miniaturized.
Further, since the electromagnetic proportional valve is housed and protected inside the hydraulic excavator 3000, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a failure in the electromagnetic proportional valve and provide a hydraulic excavator with high reliability.
In the above embodiment, the arrangement direction of the plurality of valve chambers in the control valves 510 to 540 is the same as the extending direction of the pressure oil flow path 330a in the cover 700a, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The arrangement direction of the plurality of valve chambers in the control valves 510 to 540 may be different from the extending direction of the pressure oil flow path 330 a. Similarly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of valve chambers in the control valves 550 to 580 may be different from the extending direction of the pressure oil flow path 330b inside the cover 700 b.
In the above embodiment, the pressure oil flow path 330a formed inside the cover 700a and the pressure oil flow path 330b formed inside the cover 700b communicate with each other inside the casing 100, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The position where the pressure oil flow path 330a and the pressure oil flow path 330b communicate with each other may be outside the casing 100. For example, a common cover covering one side of the valve body may be provided to the case for both the control valves 510 to 540 and the control valves 550 to 580, and the pressure oil flow path 330a communicating with the control valves 510 to 540 and the pressure oil flow path 330b communicating with the control valves 550 to 580 may communicate with each other in the common cover.
In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the pressure oil flow path 330a formed inside the cover 700a and the pressure oil flow path 330b formed inside the cover 700b communicate with each other at the end portion of each cover 700 in the direction opposite to the direction of D1 is described, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The position where the pressure oil flow path 330a and the pressure oil flow path 330b communicate with each other may not be at the end in the direction opposite to the direction D1. For example, the pressure oil flow path 330a and the pressure oil flow path 330b may be configured to communicate with each other at a position between the control valves arranged in the direction D1. The pressure oil flow path 330a and the pressure oil flow path 330b do not necessarily have to be connected. In the control valves of one row, the pressure oil flow paths formed in each row do not necessarily need to communicate with each other, as long as the flow path structure of the pressure oil flow paths is simplified by sharing the pressure oil flow paths.
In the above embodiment, the arrangement direction of the plurality of valve chambers in the control valves 510 to 540 is the same as the extending direction of the drain flow path 360a in the cover 700a, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The arrangement direction of the plurality of valve chambers in the control valves 510 to 540 may be different from the extending direction of the discharge flow path 360 a. Similarly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of valve chambers in the control valves 550 to 580 may be different from the extending direction of the exhaust flow path 360b inside the cover 700 b.
In the above embodiment, the embodiment in which the drain flow path 360a formed inside the cover 700a and the drain flow path 360b formed inside the cover 700b communicate with each other inside the casing 100 is described, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The position where the discharge flow path 360a communicates with the discharge flow path 360b may be outside the casing 100.
In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the exhaust flow path 360a formed inside the cover 700a and the exhaust flow path 360b formed inside the cover 700b communicate with each other at the end portion of each cover 700 in the direction opposite to the direction D1 is described, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The position where the discharge flow path 360a and the discharge flow path 360b communicate with each other is not at the end in the direction opposite to the direction D1. Also, the drain flow path 360a and the drain flow path 360b do not necessarily have to communicate with each other.
In the above embodiment, the pressure oil flow paths 330a and 330b and the drain flow paths 360a and 360b extend in the same direction, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The pressure oil flow paths 330a, 330b and the drain flow paths 360a, 360b may extend in different directions.
In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the pressure oil flow path 330a and the drain flow path 360a are formed in the same cover 700a and the pressure oil flow path 330b and the drain flow path 360b are formed in the same cover 700b is described, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The pressure oil flow path and the discharge flow path may be formed in different members, respectively.
In the above embodiment, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b is supplied through the supply lines 310 and 320, the supply lines 310 and 320 branch at the positions of the control valves, and the branched pressure oil flow paths are connected to the ports of the control valves to supply the pressure oil to the control valves. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the pressure oil supplied from the hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b may be supplied to the control valves through a flow path other than the supply lines 310 and 320. For example, the pressure oil may be supplied to the control valves through a center bypass line through which the pressure oil is directly supplied from the hydraulic pumps 200a and 200b to the control valves. The hydraulic pump 200a may supply the pressure oil to the control valves through the control valves 510 to 540 in order, and a flow path of the pressure oil may be formed as a center bypass line. The hydraulic pump 200b may supply the pressure oil to the control valves in order through the control valves 550 to 580, thereby forming a flow path of the pressure oil as a center bypass line.
In the above embodiment, the following configuration is described, in which: a control valve for controlling the drive of the boom, arm, and bucket; and a control valve for performing drive control of the hydraulic motor for the swing operation and the travel drive of the nacelle. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The actuator controlled and driven by the control valve may have other configurations. For example, in the actuator described above, a multi-control valve unit having a part of kinds of control valves may be used in order to control the driving of only a part of the actuators. Further, a multi-control valve unit having a control valve for driving an actuator of a type not used in the present embodiment may be used.
In the above embodiment, a configuration in which two rows of valve chambers (valve chamber rows) and two rows of valve elements are arranged, each of which is configured by arranging four valve chambers and four valve elements in a row inside the housing 100, is described. The number of valve chambers and valve elements constituting the valve chamber row and the valve element row may be other than four. The number of the grooves may be five or more, or three or less.
In the above embodiment, the construction machine on which the multi-control valve unit 1000 is mounted is described as a hydraulic excavator, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The construction machine on which the multi-control valve unit of the present invention is mounted may be another type of construction machine such as a hydraulic crane.
In the above embodiment, among the plurality of control valves in the multi-control valve unit 1000, one electromagnetic proportional valve is provided in some of the control valves (control valves 570), and two electromagnetic proportional valves are provided in the remaining control valves. Therefore, the present embodiment has the following structure: some of the plurality of control valves include a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve, and both the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve are provided on a cover disposed on one side. As described above, the multi-control valve unit having the following structure is included in the present invention: only some of the plurality of control valves include a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve, and both the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve are provided on a cover disposed on one side. In the above embodiment, an embodiment having the following structure is explained: in the multi-control valve unit, only some of the plurality of control valves include the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve, and both the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve are provided on the cover disposed on one side. The structure may be as follows: all of the plurality of control valves of the multi-control valve unit include a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve, and the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve are provided on a cover disposed on one side.
Description of the symbols:
100 case (houseing)
120a, 120b, 120c, 120d, 120e, 120f, 120g, 120h spring chamber forming member (second pilot chamber forming member)
200a, 200b, 200c hydraulic pump
330 pressure oil flow path
360 drain flow path
510. 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580 control valve
511. 521, 531, 541, 551, 561, 571, 581 pilot chambers (first pilot chambers)
511a, 521a, 531a, 541a, 551a, 561a, 581a flow path (first pilot flow path)
512. 522, 532, 542, 552, 562, 582 pilot chamber (second pilot chamber)
512a, 522a, 532a, 542a, 552a, 562a, 571a, 582a (second pilot flow path)
513. 523, 533, 543, 553, 563, 573, 583 electromagnetic proportional valve (first proportional valve)
514. 524, 534, 544, 554, 564, 574, 584 solenoid proportional valve (second proportional valve)
515. 525, 535, 545, 555, 565, 575, 585 spool
516. 526, 536, 546, 556, 566, 576, 586 valve chambers
700 cover (cover) (first guide chamber forming component)
1000 multiple control valve unit
3000 oil hydraulic excavator.

Claims (7)

1. A multiple control valve unit having:
a housing having a plurality of valve chambers therein;
a plurality of spools disposed movably in an axial direction inside each of the plurality of valve chambers, and moving in the axial direction inside the valve chambers to switch connection states between the plurality of ports and adjust areas of communication portions communicating between the plurality of ports;
a plurality of first pilot chambers for introducing a first pilot pressure to the first pilot pressure receiving portion on one side of each of the plurality of spools;
a plurality of second pilot chambers for introducing a second pilot pressure to the second pilot pressure receiving portion on the other side of each of the plurality of spools;
a first pilot chamber forming member disposed on the one side of the housing so as to cover the plurality of first pilot chambers;
a plurality of second pilot chamber forming members which are disposed on the other side of the housing opposite to the one side so as to cover the plurality of second pilot chambers, and which house a spring for biasing the valve body to a neutral position therein;
a plurality of first proportional valves and a plurality of second proportional valves provided in the first pilot chamber forming member;
a pressure oil flow path provided in the first pilot chamber forming member and connected to each of the plurality of first proportional valves and each of the plurality of second proportional valves;
a plurality of first pilot flow passages connected to the plurality of first proportional valves and the plurality of first pilot chambers, respectively; and
and a plurality of second pilot flow passages connected to the plurality of second proportional valves and the plurality of second pilot chambers, respectively.
2. Multiple control valve unit according to claim 1,
the plurality of valve chambers are arranged in a first direction orthogonal to an axial direction of the spool,
the pressure oil flow path is formed inside the first pilot chamber forming member so as to extend in the first direction.
3. Multiple control valve unit according to claim 2,
a plurality of valve chamber rows in which the plurality of valve chambers are arranged in the first direction are arranged in a second direction intersecting the first direction,
the pressure oil flow passages are provided in the valve chamber rows, and the pressure oil flow passages provided in the valve chamber rows communicate with each other.
4. Multiple control valve unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the first pilot chamber forming member is provided with a drain flow path connected to each of the plurality of first proportional valves and each of the plurality of second proportional valves, and configured to guide the pressure oil discharged from the plurality of first pilot chambers and the plurality of second pilot chambers to an accumulator.
5. Multiple control valve unit according to claim 4,
the plurality of valve chambers are arranged in a first direction orthogonal to an axial direction of the spool,
the discharge flow path is formed inside the first pilot chamber forming member to extend in the first direction.
6. Multi-control valve unit according to claim 5,
a plurality of valve chamber rows in which the plurality of valve chambers are arranged in the first direction are arranged in a second direction intersecting the first direction,
the discharge flow path is provided in each of the valve chamber rows, and the discharge flow paths provided in each of the valve chamber rows communicate with each other.
7. A construction machine in which the drive of an actuator is controlled by using the multi-control valve unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the multi-control valve unit is disposed at a position behind a cabin such that the one side is positioned downward in the direction of gravity.
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JPH054185A (en) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-14 Smc Corp Vacuum providing device
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