CN113382415B - Scene-based 5G indoor passive distribution system self-adaption method - Google Patents
Scene-based 5G indoor passive distribution system self-adaption method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a scene-based 5G indoor passive distribution system self-adaptive method, which comprises the following steps: step 1, initializing input scene conditions; step 2, determining an antenna distribution structure adaptive to a scene, and automatically calculating the power of an antenna port and the coverage radius of the antenna; step 3, establishing an indoor antenna distribution system model, and automatically calculating the number of antennas, the number of coupling devices and the length of a feeder line; and 4, automatically calculating the number of required information source equipment according to the indoor antenna distribution system model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mobile communication, and particularly relates to a scene-based 5G indoor passive distribution system self-adaption method.
Background
The outdoor coverage mainstream of the 5G network at the present stage uses a medium-high frequency band, the penetration loss is large, the outdoor signal is difficult to penetrate and cover indoors, and the indoor deep coverage needs to be solved through indoor division construction. However, the indoor construction scene is complex, and various means can be adopted according to different frequencies, information sources and distribution systems. In order to meet the requirements of investment cost and network capability cooperation and business development matching, how a specific construction scene is adapted to the most reasonable scheme is an important basis for indoor 5G network coverage project decision at the present stage.
The prior art has the following disadvantages:
1. the existing method for determining the indoor coverage scheme depends on the actual survey design result on the site, the indoor coverage scheme cannot be effectively determined in the project planning or feasibility research stage, and effective reference information is difficult to provide for the decision of the project;
2. the indoor construction scene is complex, different indoor antenna distribution structures need to be adopted according to different building structures, service scenes and user distribution characteristics, the prior art mainly depends on experience values of similar projects, the indoor coverage scheme is not high in accuracy, and the coverage characteristics of a 5G network are difficult to meet;
3. different indoor coverage schemes relate to a plurality of factors such as indoor antenna distribution, device types, information source type selection and the like, the prior art depends on manual design and measurement, the time consumption is long, the accuracy rate is low, and the overall efficiency is low;
4. in the current stage 5G, the indoor construction requirement is large, the adaptive indoor coverage schemes are matched according to different indoor construction scene requirements, and the reasonability of the schemes is difficult to quickly and effectively evaluate in the prior art according to the requirements of the coordination of the investment cost and the network capability of the coverage schemes and the matching with the service development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a scene-based 5G indoor passive distribution system self-adaptive method aiming at the defects of the prior art. The passive distribution system is characterized in that signals of the information source equipment are uniformly distributed at each corner indoors by using an indoor antenna distribution system, so that an indoor area is ensured to have ideal signal coverage. The method provided by the invention can self-adaptively adjust the indoor antenna distribution structure and automatically calculate the number of the antennas, devices and information sources required by the system according to different scenes.
The method comprises the following steps:
step 2, determining an indoor antenna distribution structure, and calculating antenna port power Pt and antenna coverage radius R;
and 4, calculating the number of required information source equipment according to the indoor antenna distribution system model.
The step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1-1, inputting an initialization scene condition according to requirements, and establishing an initial condition parameter set covering a scene, wherein the initial condition parameter set comprises:
FL: the number of floors of the target building;
s: the required coverage area of a single floor of the target building;
lp: isolating the loss of medium;
dmin is as follows: the minimum distance from the partition medium to the window edge;
step 1-2, inputting initialization system conditions, and establishing an initial condition parameter set of a coverage system, comprising:
f: designing a frequency;
N OFDM : designing the number of subcarriers corresponding to the system bandwidth;
ptotal: source transmitting power;
and (RS): the information source receiving sensitivity;
TR: the number of channels of the distribution system;
gain: antenna gain;
pr: the edge field strength;
P UE : the terminal transmit power.
The step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2-1, introducing partition dielectric loss Lp to calculate total path loss PLtotal:
PLtotal＝20log 10 F+N*log 10 (R)–28dB+Ls+Lp
wherein, N is a power loss coefficient, and Ls is shadow fading;
step 2-2, determining a calculation relation between the antenna outlet power Pt and the antenna coverage radius R:
Pt＝Pr+PLtotal-Gain
substituting the PLtotal formula in the step 2-1 to obtain:
Pt＝Pr+20log 10 F+N*log 10 (R)–28dB+Ls+Lp-Gain
introducing a constant K, and setting K = Pr +20log 10 The calculation relationship of the antenna outlet power Pt and the antenna coverage radius R is simplified as follows:
Pt＝N*log 10 (R)+K；
step 2-3, calculating the maximum limit value Ptmax of the power Pt of the antenna outlet;
and 2-4, calculating the antenna outlet power Pt and the antenna coverage radius R according to Ptmax.
The step 2-3 comprises the following steps: step 2-3-1, calculating antenna outlet power Pt1 when uplink coverage is limited:
according to the following steps:
P UE –PLtotal＝RS+X
Pt1–Ptotal＝Pr
obtaining:
Pt1＝Pr–(RS+X)+P UE
wherein, P UE Representing the terminal transmitting power, and X representing the system loss;
step 2-3-2, calculating an antenna outlet power antenna Pt2 reaching the indoor electromagnetic environment control limit value:
Pt2＝10log 10 (100)-10*log 10 (N OFDM )；
step 2-3-3, calculating the maximum limit value Ptmax of the antenna outlet power Pt:
Ptmax＝min{Pt1，Pt2}
where min { Pt1, pt2} represents taking the smaller of Pt1 and Pt 2.
The steps 2-4 comprise:
step 2-4-1, taking Pt = Ptmax, substituting into step 2-2 result Pt = N log 10 (R) + K, calculating Rmax;
step 2-4-2, if Rmax > Dmin, the antenna outlet power Pt = Ptmax, and the antenna coverage radius R = Rmax;
step 2-4-3, if Rmax is less than or equal to Dmin, the coverage radius of the antenna is R = Dmin, and the outlet power of the antenna is Pt = N log 10 (Dmin)+K-Lp。
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, establishing an indoor antenna distribution system model, specifically comprising: determining the ideal distribution position of the antenna according to the characteristic of uniform distribution of the indoor antenna; the power distribution is realized through a coupling device in front of each antenna position; the antenna is connected with the coupling device through a feeder line to realize signal transmission;
step 3-2, calculating the number Num of the antennas 1 ：
Step 3-3, calculating the number Num of the coupling devices 2 The formula is as follows:
Num 2 ＝Num 1 -1+FL-1
step 3-4, calculating the length Num of the feeder line 3 The formula is as follows:
Num 3 ＝Num 1 *5+(Num 1 -1)*D+FL*3。
step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4-1, calculating the maximum loss Lm allowed by the distribution system:
Lm＝10*log 10 (Ptotal)-10*log 10 (N OFDM )-Pt；
step 4-2, calculating the system loss Lx of a single antenna:
Lx＝Num 2 *B 1 +Num 3 *B 2
wherein, B 1 Representing the insertion loss of a single device, B 2 Represents unit feeder length loss;
step 4-3, calculating the number Nx of antennas which can be distributed by the power of a single information source:
step 4-4, calculating the number Num of information sources 4 ：
Where [ ] is a rounding function.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a scene-based 5G indoor passive distribution system self-adaptive method, which can self-adaptively adjust indoor antenna distribution structures and automatically calculate the number of antennas, devices and information sources required by an indoor passive distribution system according to different scenes.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an initial conditional parameter set covering a scene.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an initial condition parameter set for the overlay system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an indoor antenna distribution structure.
Fig. 4 is a graphical illustration of antenna exit power Pt as a function of antenna coverage radius R.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an indoor antenna distribution system model.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a scene-based 5G indoor passive distribution system self-adaptive method, which comprises the following steps:
step 2, determining an indoor antenna distribution structure, and calculating key parameters: antenna port power Pt and antenna coverage radius R;
and 4, calculating the number of required information source equipment according to the indoor antenna distribution system model.
step 1-1, inputting an initialization scene condition according to a requirement, as shown in fig. 1, establishing an initial condition parameter set covering a scene, including:
FL(s): the number of floors of the target building;
s (square meter): the required coverage area of a single floor of the target building;
lp (dB): isolating the loss of medium;
dmin (rice): the minimum distance from the partition medium to the window edge;
step 1-2, inputting the conditions of the initialization system, as shown in FIG. 2, establishing the initial condition parameter set of the overlay system, including
F (Hz): designing a frequency;
N OFDM (iii) (a): designing the number of subcarriers corresponding to the system bandwidth;
ptotal (dBm) source transmit power;
RS (dBm): the information source receiving sensitivity;
TR(s): the number of channels of the distribution system;
gain (dB): antenna gain;
pr (dBm): a fringe field intensity target;
P UE (dBm): transmitting power of the terminal;
the step 2 comprises the following steps: according to the initial conditions, the indoor antenna distribution structure is adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, as shown in fig. 3, the required calculation parameters include antenna port power Pt and antenna coverage radius R, and the calculation steps are as follows:
step 2-1, determining a calculation relation between the path loss PLtotal and the antenna coverage radius R, referring to a propagation model of the International telecommunication Union ITU-R P.1238 recommendation by a formula, and introducing a new scene constant Lp (partition dielectric loss), specifically as follows:
PLtotal＝20log 10 F+N*log 10 (R)–28dB+Ls+Lp
wherein PLtotal is total path loss, N is power loss coefficient, ls is shadow fading, both are constants, and values are respectively taken according to table 1 (power loss coefficient N for indoor transmission loss calculation) and table 2 (shadow fading Ls (dB) for indoor transmission loss calculation) according to system design frequency F:
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
| Frequency (GHz) | Residential building | Office room | Commercial building | Factory | Corridor (W) |
| 0.8 | – | 3.4 | – | ||
| 1.8-2 | 8 | 10 | 10 | ||
| 2.2 | – | 2.3 | – | ||
| 3.5 | – | 8 | – |
Step 2-2, determining the calculation relation between the antenna outlet power Pt and the antenna coverage radius R:
Pt＝Pr+PLtotal-Gain
substituting the results of step 2-1:
Pt＝Pr+20log 10 F+N*log 10 (R)–28dB+Ls+Lp-Gain
wherein Pr, F, N, ls, lp and Gain are constants, a constant K is introduced, and K = Pr +20log is set 10 F-28dB ls + lp-Gain, and the calculation relationship between the antenna outlet power Pt and the antenna coverage radius R is simplified as follows:
Pt＝N*log 10 (R)+K
step 2-3, calculating the maximum limit value Ptmax of the antenna outlet power Pt
According to the calculation result of the step 2-2, a function of the antenna outlet power Pt and the antenna coverage radius R can be established, and a function image is shown in FIG. 4. According to the function image, the power Pt of the antenna outlet and the value of the antenna coverage radius R form a one-way change relation, and under an ideal condition, the larger the antenna coverage radius is, the simpler an indoor coverage model is, and the construction is facilitated. However, in actual coverage, the terminal transmission power is limited, and as the antenna coverage radius increases, when the uplink coverage loss of the terminal reaches the threshold of the device receiving sensitivity, the antenna coverage radius reaches the threshold, and the antenna outlet power Pt reaches the maximum value when the uplink coverage is limited. Meanwhile, the maximum limit value of the indoor antenna outlet power Pt exists due to the limitation of the electromagnetic environment control limit value. The method integrates two requirements, and the calculation steps of the maximum limit value Ptmax of the antenna outlet power Pt are as follows:
1) Calculating antenna outlet power Pt1 when uplink coverage is limited
According to the following steps:
P UE –PLtotal＝RS+X
Pt1–Ptotal＝Pr
wherein, P UE Representing the terminal transmitting power, and X representing the system loss;
the system loss is approximately 30dB of a universal value;
obtaining:
Pt1＝Pr–(RS+30)+P UE ；
2) Calculating an antenna outlet power antenna Pt2 reaching the indoor electromagnetic environment control limit value, calculating and referring to the requirement of electromagnetic environment control limit value,
Pt2＝10log 10 (100)-10*log 10 (N OFDM )
3) Calculating an antenna outlet power limit value Ptmax, and calculating the result according to Pt1 and Pt2:
Ptmax＝min{Pt1，Pt2}
step 2-4, calculating the antenna outlet power Pt and the antenna coverage radius R according to Ptmax, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
1) Substituting Pt = Ptmax into step 2-2 results Pt = N log 10 (R) + K, calculating Rmax;
2) If Rmax > Dmin, the antenna outlet power Pt = Ptmax and the antenna coverage radius R = Rmax;
3) If Rmax is less than or equal to Dmin, the coverage radius of the antenna is R = Dmin, and the outlet power of the antenna is Pt = N log 10 (Dmin)+K-Lp；
step 3-1, establishing an indoor antenna distribution system model structure, wherein the model structure is shown in fig. 5, and the model structure specifically comprises the following steps: determining the ideal distribution position of the antenna according to the characteristic of uniform distribution of the indoor antenna; the power distribution is realized through a coupling device in front of each antenna position; the antenna is connected with the coupling device through a feeder line to realize signal transmission;
step 3-2, according to the distribution structure of the indoor antennas, the antennas adopt a uniform distribution mode, and the number Num of the antennas is calculated 1 ：
Step 3-3, calculating the number Num of the coupling devices 2 The formula is as follows:
Num 2 ＝Num 1 -1+FL-1
step 3-4, calculating the length Num of the feeder line 3 The formula is as follows:
Num 3 ＝Num 1 *5+(Num 1 -1)*D+FL*3。
and 4, calculating the number of required information source equipment according to the indoor antenna distribution system model. According to the principle of a passive distribution system, the signal of the signal source equipment is evenly distributed to each indoor antenna through the indoor antenna distribution system model established in the step 3, and according to the uniform ideal distribution mode of the signal source power, the number of the signal source equipment is calculated in the following steps:
step 4-1, according to the known transmitting power of the device and the antenna port power calculated in step 2, the maximum allowable loss (Lm) of the distribution system can be calculated, and the formula is as follows:
Lm＝10*log 10 (Ptotal)-10*log 10 (N OFDM )-Pt
step 4-2, calculating the system loss Lx of a single antenna, wherein the system loss Lx mainly comprises the insertion loss of a coupling device and the loss of a feeder line, and the formula is as follows:
Lx＝Num 2 *B 1 +Num 3 *B 2
wherein, B 1 Representing the insertion loss of a single device, B 2 Represents unit feeder length loss;
step 4-3, calculating the number Nx of antennas which can be distributed by the power of a single information source, wherein the formula is as follows:
step 4-4, calculating the number of the information sources, wherein the formula is as follows:
where [ ] is a rounding function.
And (3) integrating the calculation results, finishing the construction of the indoor coverage model which is suitable for the initial conditions input in the step (1), wherein the specific parameter contents comprise the indoor antenna distribution structure, the antennas, the coupling devices, the feeder lines and the number of the information sources required by the automatic calculation system. And (4) arbitrarily adjusting any initial condition parameter in the step 1-1 and the step 1-2, and repeating the step 2 to the step 4 to realize self-adaptive adjustment of the indoor coverage model.
The present invention provides a scene-based 5G indoor passive distributed system adaptive method, and a number of methods and approaches for implementing the technical solution are provided, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a number of improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. All the components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by the prior art.
Claims (1)
1. A scene-based 5G indoor passive distribution system self-adaptive method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, initializing input scene conditions;
step 2, determining an indoor antenna distribution structure, and calculating antenna port power Pt and antenna coverage radius R;
step 3, establishing an indoor antenna distribution system model, and calculating the number of antennas, the number of coupling devices and the length of a feeder line;
step 4, calculating the number of required information source equipment according to the indoor antenna distribution system model;
the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1-1, inputting an initialization scene condition according to requirements, and establishing an initial condition parameter set covering a scene, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
FL: the number of floors of the target building;
s: the required coverage area of a single floor of the target building;
lp: isolating the loss of medium;
dmin: the minimum distance from the partition medium to the window edge;
step 1-2, inputting initialization system conditions, and establishing an initial condition parameter set of a coverage system, comprising:
f: designing a frequency;
N OFDM : designing the number of subcarriers corresponding to the system bandwidth;
ptotal: source transmitting power;
and RS: the information source receiving sensitivity;
TR: the number of channels of the distribution system;
gain: antenna gain;
pr: the edge field strength;
P UE : transmitting power of the terminal;
the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2-1, introducing partition dielectric loss Lp to calculate total path loss PLtotal:
PLtotal＝20log 10 F+N*log 10 (R)–28dB+Ls+Lp
wherein, N is a power loss coefficient, ls is shadow fading;
step 2-2, determining the calculation relation between the antenna outlet power Pt and the antenna coverage radius R:
Pt＝Pr+PLtotal-Gain
substituting the PLtotal formula in the step 2-1 to obtain:
Pt＝Pr+20log 10 F+N*log 10 (R)–28dB+Ls+Lp-Gain
introducing a constant K, and setting K = Pr +20log 10 F-28dB ls + lp-Gain, and the calculation relationship between the antenna outlet power Pt and the antenna coverage radius R is simplified as follows:
Pt＝N*log 10 (R)+K；
step 2-3, calculating the maximum limit value Ptmax of the antenna outlet power Pt;
step 2-4, calculating antenna outlet power Pt and antenna coverage radius R according to Ptmax;
the step 2-3 comprises the following steps:
step 2-3-1, calculating antenna outlet power Pt1 when uplink coverage is limited:
according to the following steps:
P UE –PLtotal＝RS+X
Pt1–Ptotal＝Pr
obtaining:
Pt1＝Pr–(RS+X)+P UE
wherein X represents the system loss;
step 2-3-2, calculating an antenna outlet power antenna Pt2 reaching the indoor electromagnetic environment control limit value:
Pt2＝10log 10 (100)-10*log 10 (N OFDM )；
step 2-3-3, calculating the maximum limit value Ptmax of the antenna outlet power Pt:
Ptmax＝min{Pt1，Pt2}
wherein min { Pt1, pt2} represents taking the smaller value of Pt1 and Pt 2;
the steps 2-4 comprise:
step 2-4-1, taking Pt = Ptmax, substituting into step 2-2 result Pt = N log 10 (R) + K, calculating Rmax;
step 2-4-2, if Rmax > Dmin, the antenna outlet power Pt = Ptmax, and the antenna coverage radius R = Rmax;
step 2-4-3, if Rmax is less than or equal to Dmin, the coverage radius of the antenna is R = Dmin, and the outlet power of the antenna is Pt = N log 10 (Dmin)+K-Lp；
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, establishing an indoor antenna distribution system model, specifically comprising: determining the ideal distribution position of the antenna according to the characteristic of uniform distribution of the indoor antenna; realizing power distribution through a coupling device in front of each antenna position; the antenna is connected with the coupling device through a feeder line to realize signal transmission;
step 3-2, calculating the number Num of the antennas 1 ：
Step 3-3, calculating the number Num of the coupling devices 2 The formula is as follows:
Num 2 ＝Num 1 -1+FL-1
step 3-4, calculating the length Num of the feeder line 3 The formula is as follows:
Num 3 ＝Num 1 *5+(Num 1 -1)*D+FL*3；
step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4-1, calculating the maximum loss Lm allowed by the distribution system:
Lm＝10*log 10 (Ptotal)-10*log 10 (N OFDM) -Pt；
step 4-2, calculating the system loss Lx of a single antenna:
Lx＝Num 2 *B 1 +Num 3 *B 2
wherein, B 1 Represents the insertion loss of a single device, B 2 Represents unit feeder length loss;
step 4-3, calculating the number Nx of antennas which can be distributed by the power of a single information source:
step 4-4, calculating the number Num of information sources 4 ：
Where [ ] is a rounding function.
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