CN113381486B - Intelligent power supply management system based on electric two-wheeled vehicle - Google Patents
Intelligent power supply management system based on electric two-wheeled vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113381486B CN113381486B CN202110915482.3A CN202110915482A CN113381486B CN 113381486 B CN113381486 B CN 113381486B CN 202110915482 A CN202110915482 A CN 202110915482A CN 113381486 B CN113381486 B CN 113381486B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0069—Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent power management system based on an electric two-wheeled vehicle, which comprises: the lithium battery pack comprises a plurality of single lithium batteries connected in series and is used for providing energy for the electric two-wheel vehicle during riding; the standby batteries are respectively connected with the plurality of single lithium batteries and used for carrying out emergency charging when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is over-discharged; the lithium ion detection unit is used for detecting the lithium ion content of each single lithium battery in the lithium battery pack in real time when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is not ridden so as to determine the lithium ion increment in the preset time; a voltage detection unit for detecting a voltage of the electric motorcycle; the motor control unit is used for controlling the electric two-wheeled vehicle to ride; the control unit is used for controlling the standby battery to charge the lithium battery pack; therefore, the speed of damaging the lithium battery caused by decomposition of the lithium ion active substance due to over discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheel vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power management, in particular to an intelligent power management system based on an electric two-wheeled vehicle.
Background
The lithium battery has the characteristics of light weight, large energy storage, large power, no pollution and the like, is applied more and more widely in various fields, has made great progress in research and production, and is used as a power energy source on an electric vehicle and becomes a new trend for the development of the electric vehicle. With the development of informatization construction, higher requirements are provided for the power supply quality, energy management, power supply quantity and the like of an electric vehicle power supply, the management of the electric vehicle power supply is more and more complex, and a traditional power supply management scheme cannot adapt to a new situation.
The electric vehicle is a vehicle driven by electric energy, the electric energy is provided by connecting three to five storage batteries in series, and in actual use, the phenomena of short driving mileage and short service life of the electric vehicle often occur. The quality of the electric vehicle power management system can greatly influence the driving mileage and prolong the service life of the battery. However, the current power management system of the electric vehicle has the defects of insufficient safety, damage to the lithium battery caused by the problem of electric equipment and even personal safety danger; in addition, the service life of the electric vehicle is often reduced due to improper management of the lithium battery, and therefore, a power management system for an electric vehicle, which improves safety and prolongs the service life, is urgently needed to be provided.
At present, some intelligent power management systems based on electric bicycles exist, but generally, the service life of a lithium battery of the electric bicycle cannot be prolonged by slowing down the speed of lithium ion active material decomposition caused by over-discharge.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an intelligent power management system based on an electric two-wheeled vehicle, which can effectively solve the technical problem that the service life of a lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle cannot be prolonged by slowing down the speed of lithium ion active substances decomposed due to over discharge so as to cause damage to the lithium battery in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intelligent power management system based on an electric two-wheeled vehicle, comprising:
the lithium battery pack comprises a plurality of single lithium batteries connected in series and is used for providing energy for the electric two-wheel vehicle during riding;
the standby batteries are respectively connected with the plurality of single lithium batteries and used for carrying out emergency charging when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is over-discharged;
the lithium ion detection unit is connected with the lithium battery pack and used for detecting the lithium ion content of each single lithium battery in the lithium battery pack in real time when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is not ridden so as to determine the lithium ion increment within preset time;
the voltage detection unit is connected with the lithium battery pack and is used for detecting the voltage of the electric two-wheeled vehicle;
the motor control unit is connected with the lithium battery pack and used for controlling the electric two-wheeled vehicle to ride;
the control unit is respectively connected with the lithium battery pack, the standby battery, the lithium ion detection unit, the voltage detection unit and the motor control unit and is used for controlling the standby battery to charge the lithium battery pack;
when the electric two-wheeled vehicle discharges, the control unit determines whether the electric two-wheeled vehicle is in a riding state or not according to a feedback result of the motor control unit and controls the lithium ion detection unit to detect the lithium ion content of each single lithium battery of the lithium battery pack when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is not in the riding state so as to obtain the actual lithium ion content F, when the obtaining is completed, the control unit determines the actual lithium ion increment Fz by combining the actual lithium ion content, the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q and the standard lithium ion content stored in the control unit, and compares the actual lithium ion increment Fz with the standard lithium ion increment Fz0 stored in the control unit so as to determine whether a standby battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium batteries;
when the control unit determines to start the standby battery to charge the single lithium battery, the control unit determines the position of the single lithium battery to be charged and the charging time for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material according to the voltage drop value P and the continuous discharging time T;
the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q is set with different values according to different types of batteries of the two-wheeled electric vehicle.
Further, when the electric two-wheeled vehicle discharges, the control unit compares the actual lithium ion content F with the standard lithium ion content to determine the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q, when the control unit selects ei to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter, the control unit calculates the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q, sets Q = ei × F, and sets i =1,2, 3; the control unit is provided with standard lithium ion content and a lithium ion increment coefficient, wherein the standard lithium ion content comprises a first standard lithium ion content f1, a second standard lithium ion content f2 and a third standard lithium ion content f3, and f1 is more than f2 and more than f 3; the lithium ion increment coefficients comprise a lithium ion increment coefficient e1 of a battery model number of 6-DZM-12, a lithium ion increment coefficient e2 of a battery model number of 6-DZM-17 and a lithium ion increment coefficient e3 of a battery model number of 6-DZM-20, wherein e1+ e2+ e3= 2;
if F is less than F1, the control unit judges that the lithium ion content adjusting parameter does not need to be determined;
if F is not less than F1 and is less than F2, the control unit selects e1 to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter;
if F is not less than F2 and is less than F3, the control unit selects e2 to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter;
and if F is larger than or equal to F3, the control unit selects e3 to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter.
Further, when the determination of the lithium ion content adjustment parameter Q is completed, the control unit determines the actual lithium ion increment Fz according to the selected lithium ion increment coefficient,
when the control unit is selected as e1, Fz = QxI (F2-F)/(F-F1) | (F2-F1);
when the control unit is selected as e2, Fz = QxI (F3-F)/(F-F2) | (F3-F2);
when the control unit selects e3, Fz = QxI 1/(F-F3) | × F3.
Further, when the actual lithium ion increment Fz is determined to be completed, the control unit compares the actual lithium ion increment Fz with the standard lithium ion increment Fz0 to determine whether the backup battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium battery, and controls the voltage detection unit to respectively detect the voltages of the plurality of single lithium batteries when the control unit determines that the backup battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium battery,
if Fz is less than or equal to Fz0, the control unit judges that the standby battery is not needed to be started to charge the single lithium battery;
if Fz is larger than Fz0, the control unit judges that the backup battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium battery.
Further, when the control unit judges that the standby battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium batteries, the control unit acquires a voltage drop value of each single lithium battery according to the voltages of the plurality of single lithium batteries detected by the voltage detection unit, when the acquisition is completed, the control unit sorts the voltage drop values of the plurality of single lithium batteries in a descending order and sets the voltage drop value of the first name of the sorted voltage drop value as P, meanwhile, a standard voltage drop value P0 is arranged in the control unit, and when the setting is completed, the control unit compares the voltage drop value P with the standard voltage drop value P0 to determine the position of the single lithium battery needing to be charged:
if P is less than or equal to P0, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery is not the single lithium battery needing to be charged;
if P is more than P0, the control unit judges the single lithium battery as the single lithium battery needing to be charged.
Further, when the control unit determines the position of the single lithium battery, the control unit determines a continuous discharging time T according to the voltage continuous falling time of the single lithium battery to be charged measured by the voltage detection unit, when the determination is completed, the control unit compares the continuous discharging time T with a preset continuous discharging time T0 to determine a charging time for preventing decomposition of the lithium ion active material, and when the control unit determines a charging time ti for preventing decomposition of the lithium ion active material, the control unit controls the standby battery to charge the single lithium battery to be charged determined by the control unit, and i =1,2,3,4 is set;
if T is less than T0 multiplied by 50%, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest time T1;
if T is more than or equal to T0X 50% and less than T0X 70%, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest T2 time;
if T is more than or equal to T0X 70% and less than T0X 90%, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest T3 time;
if T is larger than or equal to T0 multiplied by 90%, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest time T4;
wherein t1 < t2 < t3 < t 4.
Further, the control unit is further provided with preset lithium ion increment difference values, including a first preset lithium ion increment difference value B1, a second preset lithium ion increment difference value B2 and a third preset lithium ion increment difference value B3, wherein B1 is greater than B2 and less than B3;
the control unit determines a charging time ti for preventing decomposition of the lithium ion active material by setting i =1,2,3,4, calculates a lithium ion increment difference value Δ Fz, sets Δ Fz = Fz-Fz0, and when the calculation is completed, compares the lithium ion increment difference value Δ Fz with a preset lithium ion increment difference value to determine the time for decomposition of the lithium ion active material:
if Δ Fz < B1, the control unit determines that lithium ions will decompose the lithium ion active material after D1 time;
if B1 ≦ Δ Fz < B2, the control unit determines that the lithium ion active material will decompose after D2 time;
if B2 ≦ Δ Fz < B3, the control unit determines that the lithium ion active material will decompose after D3 time;
if the delta Fz is larger than or equal to B3, the control unit judges that the lithium ions are to decompose the lithium ion active material after D4 time;
wherein D1 & gtD 2 & gtD 3 & gtD 4.
Further, when the time Di of decomposition of the lithium ion active material is determined, the control unit compares the charging time tj of preventing decomposition of the lithium ion active material with the time Di of decomposition of the lithium ion active material to adjust the charging time:
if Di is more than or equal to tj, the control unit determines that the charging time does not need to be adjusted;
if Di is less than tj, the control unit adjusts the charging time of the single lithium battery to be charged to be Di time;
wherein i =1,2,3,4, j =1,2,3, 4.
Furthermore, the intelligent power management system also comprises a charging pile sensing unit which is connected with the control unit and used for searching for an available charging pile according to the instruction of the control unit;
when the control unit judges that the single lithium battery is the single lithium battery needing to be charged, the control unit controls the charging pile sensing unit to obtain the shortest time g for reaching the available charging pile and compares the shortest time g with the determined charging time for the single lithium battery needing to be charged so as to determine whether to start the standby battery or charge the charging pile.
Compared with the prior art, the lithium ion detection unit is arranged, the lithium ion content in the lithium battery of the two-wheeled electric vehicle in the non-riding state is determined in real time to determine the actual lithium ion increment within the preset time, the actual lithium ion increment is compared with the standard lithium ion increment to determine whether the standby battery is started to charge the single lithium battery, and the position of the single lithium battery to be charged is determined by determining the starting of the standby battery and combining the voltage drop value and the continuous discharge time, so that the damage speed of the lithium battery caused by the decomposition of lithium ion active substances due to over discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Furthermore, the method compares the actual lithium ion content F with the standard lithium ion content to determine the appropriate lithium ion increment coefficient to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q, so that the accuracy of calculating the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q can be improved, the speed of lithium battery damage caused by decomposition of lithium ion active substances due to over-discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheel vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Furthermore, the actual lithium ion increment Fz is determined according to the selected lithium ion increment coefficient, so that the speed of damaging the lithium battery due to decomposition of the lithium ion active substance caused by over-discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheel vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Furthermore, the actual lithium ion increment Fz is compared with the standard lithium ion increment Fz0 to determine whether the backup battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium battery, and the voltage detection unit is controlled to respectively detect the voltages of the plurality of single lithium batteries when the control unit determines that the backup battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium battery, so that the speed of damage of the lithium battery caused by decomposition of lithium ion active substances due to over-discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Furthermore, the invention compares the voltage drop value P with the standard voltage drop value P0 to determine the position of the single lithium battery to be charged, so as to slow down the damage speed of the lithium battery caused by the decomposition of the lithium ion active material due to over discharge and effectively prolong the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle.
Furthermore, the charging time for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material is determined by comparing the sustained discharging time T with the preset sustained discharging time T0, so that the time for charging the single lithium battery by the standby battery can be controlled within the determined time range, the speed of the lithium battery damage caused by the decomposition of the lithium ion active material due to over-discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Furthermore, the time for decomposing the lithium ion active material is determined by comparing the lithium ion increment difference value delta Fz with the preset lithium ion increment difference value, so that the time for starting the standby battery can be adjusted, the speed of damaging the lithium battery due to decomposition of the lithium ion active material caused by over-discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Further, the present invention can reduce the speed of the lithium battery damage caused by the decomposition of the lithium ion active material due to the over discharge by comparing the charging time tj for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material with the time Di for the decomposition of the lithium ion active material to adjust the charging time, thereby effectively extending the life of the lithium battery of the electric motorcycle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent power management system based on an electric two-wheeled vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
the notation in the figure is: 1. a lithium battery pack; 2. a backup battery; 3. a lithium ion detection unit; 4. a voltage detection unit; 5. a motor control unit; 6. a control unit; 7. fill electric pile induction element.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent power management system based on an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which the present invention provides an intelligent power management system based on an electric motorcycle, including:
the lithium battery pack 1 comprises a plurality of single lithium batteries connected in series and is used for providing energy for the electric two-wheeled vehicle during riding; the standby battery 2 is respectively connected with the plurality of single lithium batteries and is used for carrying out emergency charging when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is over-discharged; the lithium ion detection unit 3 is connected with the lithium battery pack 1 and is used for detecting the lithium ion content of each single lithium battery in the lithium battery pack 1 in real time when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is not ridden so as to determine the lithium ion increment within the preset time; a voltage detection unit 4 connected to the lithium battery pack 1 for detecting a voltage of the electric motorcycle; the motor control unit 65 is connected with the lithium battery pack 1 and used for controlling the electric two-wheeled vehicle to ride; the control unit 6 is respectively connected with the lithium battery pack 1, the backup battery 2, the lithium ion detection unit 3, the voltage detection unit 4 and the motor control unit 65, and is used for controlling the backup battery 2 to charge the lithium battery pack 1; when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is discharged, the control unit 6 determines whether the electric two-wheeled vehicle is in a riding state according to a feedback result of the motor control unit 65, controls the lithium ion detection unit 3 to detect the lithium ion content of each single lithium battery of the lithium battery pack 1 when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is not in the riding state so as to obtain the actual lithium ion content F, and when the obtaining is completed, the control unit 6 determines the actual lithium ion increment Fz by combining the actual lithium ion content, the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q and the standard lithium ion content stored in the control unit 6, and compares the actual lithium ion increment Fz with the standard lithium ion increment Fz0 stored in the control unit 6 so as to determine whether the standby battery 2 needs to be started to charge the single lithium batteries;
specifically, when the control unit 6 determines to start the backup battery 2 to charge the single lithium battery, the control unit 6 determines the position of the single lithium battery to be charged and the charging time to prevent the decomposition of the lithium ion active material according to the voltage drop value P and the sustained discharging time T; the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q is set with different values according to different types of batteries of the two-wheeled electric vehicle.
In this embodiment, a PLC control board is provided in the control unit 6. The number of single lithium batteries is 6 in this embodiment. The motor control unit 65 determines whether it is in the riding state according to the motor rotation speed.
Specifically, by arranging the lithium ion detection unit 3, the lithium ion content in the lithium battery of the two-wheeled electric vehicle in the non-riding state is determined in real time to determine the actual lithium ion increment within the preset time, the actual lithium ion increment is compared with the standard lithium ion increment to determine whether to start the backup battery 2 to charge the single lithium battery, and the position of the single lithium battery to be charged is determined by determining the voltage drop value of the starting backup battery 2 and the continuous discharge time, so that the speed of lithium battery damage caused by decomposition of lithium ion active substances due to over discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Specifically, the control unit 6 is provided with a standard lithium ion content and a lithium ion increment coefficient; the standard lithium ion content comprises a first standard lithium ion content f1, a second standard lithium ion content f2 and a third standard lithium ion content f3, wherein f1 < f2 < f 3; the lithium ion increment coefficients comprise a lithium ion increment coefficient e1 of a battery model number of 6-DZM-12, a lithium ion increment coefficient e2 of a battery model number of 6-DZM-17 and a lithium ion increment coefficient e3 of a battery model number of 6-DZM-20, wherein e1+ e2+ e3= 2;
when the electric two-wheel vehicle discharges, the control unit 6 compares the actual lithium ion content F with the standard lithium ion content to determine the lithium ion content adjustment parameter Q:
if F is less than F1, the control unit 6 judges that the lithium ion content adjusting parameter does not need to be determined;
if F is not less than F1 and is less than F2, the control unit 6 selects e1 to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter;
if F is not less than F2 and is less than F3, the control unit 6 selects e2 to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter;
if F is more than or equal to F3, the control unit 6 selects e3 to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter;
when the control unit 6 selects ei to calculate the lithium ion content adjustment parameter, the control unit 6 calculates the lithium ion content adjustment parameter Q, sets Q = ei × F, and sets i =1,2, and 3.
In this embodiment, 6 in the 6-DZM-12 is the number of nodes, each battery is composed of several small nodes, each node is generally 2V, 6 nodes are connected in series to form a voltage of 12V, DZM represents electric power assistance maintenance-free, and the corresponding representations in the 6-DZM-17 and 6-DZM-20 are the same as those in the 6-DZM-12.
Specifically, the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q is calculated by comparing the actual lithium ion content F with the standard lithium ion content to determine a proper lithium ion increment coefficient, so that the accuracy of calculating the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q can be improved, the speed of lithium battery damage caused by decomposition of lithium ion active substances due to over-discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheel vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Specifically, when the determination of the lithium ion content adjustment parameter Q is completed, the control unit 6 determines the actual lithium ion increment Fz according to the selected lithium ion increment coefficient,
when the control unit 6 is e1, Fz = qxx (F2-F)/(F-F1) | × (F2-F1);
when the control unit 6 is e2, Fz = qxx (F3-F)/(F-F2) | × (F3-F2);
when the control unit 6 selects e3, Fz = qxxl 1/(F-F3) | × F3.
Specifically, the actual lithium ion increment Fz is determined according to the selected lithium ion increment coefficient, so that the damage speed of the lithium battery caused by decomposition of the lithium ion active material due to over-discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Specifically, when the determination of the actual lithium ion increment Fz is completed, the control unit 6 compares the actual lithium ion increment Fz with a standard lithium ion increment Fz0 to determine whether the backup battery 2 needs to be started to charge the single lithium battery, and controls the voltage detection unit 4 to detect the voltages of the plurality of single lithium batteries respectively when the control unit 6 determines that the backup battery 2 needs to be started to charge the single lithium batteries,
if Fz is less than or equal to Fz0, the control unit 6 judges that the standby battery 2 is not needed to be started to charge the single lithium battery;
if Fz > Fz0, the control unit 6 determines that it is necessary to start the backup battery 2 to charge the single lithium battery.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention compares the actual lithium ion increment Fz with the standard lithium ion increment Fz0 to determine whether the backup battery 2 needs to be started to charge the single lithium battery, and controls the voltage detection unit 4 to respectively detect the voltages of the plurality of single lithium batteries when the control unit 6 determines that the backup battery 2 needs to be started to charge the single lithium battery, so that the speed of lithium battery damage caused by decomposition of lithium ion active substances due to over-discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle is effectively prolonged.
Specifically, when the control unit 6 determines that the backup battery 2 needs to be started to charge the single lithium batteries, the control unit 6 obtains a voltage drop value of each single lithium battery according to the voltages of the plurality of single lithium batteries detected by the voltage detection unit 4, when the obtaining is completed, the control unit 6 sorts the voltage drop values of the plurality of single lithium batteries in a descending order and sets the voltage drop value of the first sorted name as P, meanwhile, a standard voltage drop value P0 is provided in the control unit 6, and when the setting is completed, the control unit 6 compares the voltage drop value P with the standard voltage drop value P0 to determine the position of the single lithium battery needing to be charged:
if P is less than or equal to P0, the control unit 6 judges that the single lithium battery is not the single lithium battery needing to be charged;
if P > P0, the control unit 6 determines that the single lithium battery is the single lithium battery to be charged.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention compares the voltage drop value P with the standard voltage drop value P0 to determine the position of the single lithium battery to be charged, so that the speed of damage of the lithium battery caused by decomposition of the lithium ion active material due to over discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle can be effectively prolonged.
Specifically, when the control unit 6 determines the position of the single lithium battery, the control unit 6 determines the sustained discharge time T according to the voltage sustained drop time of the single lithium battery to be charged measured by the voltage detection unit 4, and when the determination is completed, the control unit 6 compares the sustained discharge time T with a preset sustained discharge time T0 to determine the charging time for preventing decomposition of the lithium ion active material:
if T is less than T0 multiplied by 50%, the control unit 6 judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest time T1;
if T is more than or equal to T0X 50% and less than T0X 70%, the control unit 6 judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest T2 time;
if T is more than or equal to T0X 70% and less than T0X 90%, the control unit 6 judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest T3 time;
if T is larger than or equal to T0 multiplied by 90%, the control unit 6 judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest time T4;
wherein t1 is more than t2 is more than t3 is more than t 4;
when the control unit 6 determines the charging time ti for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material, the control unit 6 controls the backup battery 2 to charge the single lithium battery determined by the control unit 6 to be charged, and i =1,2,3,4 is set.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention compares the sustained discharge time T with the preset sustained discharge time T0 to determine the charging time for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material, so that the time for charging the single lithium battery by the backup battery 2 can be controlled within the determined time range, the speed of the lithium battery damage caused by the decomposition of the lithium ion active material due to over discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle can be effectively prolonged.
Specifically, the control unit 6 is further configured with preset lithium ion increment differences, including a first preset lithium ion increment difference B1, a second preset lithium ion increment difference B2, and a third preset lithium ion increment difference B3, where B1 is greater than B2 and greater than B3;
when the control unit 6 determines the charging time ti for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material, i =1,2,3,4 is set, the control unit 6 calculates the lithium ion increment difference Δ Fz, and sets Δ Fz = Fz-Fz0, and when the calculation is completed, the control unit 6 compares the lithium ion increment difference Δ Fz with a preset lithium ion increment difference to determine the time for the decomposition of the lithium ion active material:
if Δ Fz < B1, the control unit 6 determines that the lithium ion will decompose the lithium ion active material after D1 time;
if B1. ltoreq. DELTA.Fz < B2, the control unit 6 judges that the lithium ion active material is to be decomposed after D2 time;
if B2. ltoreq. DELTA.Fz < B3, the control unit 6 judges that the lithium ion active material is to be decomposed after D3 time;
if the delta Fz is larger than or equal to B3, the control unit 6 judges that the lithium ion active material is decomposed after D4 time;
wherein D1 & gtD 2 & gtD 3 & gtD 4.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention compares the lithium ion increment difference Δ Fz with the preset lithium ion increment difference to determine the time for decomposing the lithium ion active material, so that the time for starting the backup battery 2 can be adjusted, the speed of lithium battery damage caused by decomposition of the lithium ion active material due to over discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric bicycle can be effectively prolonged.
Specifically, when the time Di of the decomposition of the lithium ion active material is determined, the control unit 6 compares the charging time tj of preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material with the time Di of the decomposition of the lithium ion active material to adjust the charging time:
if Di is more than or equal to tj, the control unit 6 determines that the charging time does not need to be adjusted;
if Di is less than tj, the control unit 6 adjusts the charging time of the single lithium battery to be charged to be Di time;
wherein i =1,2,3,4, j =1,2,3, 4.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention compares the charging time tj for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material with the time Di for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material to adjust the charging time, so that the damage speed of the lithium battery caused by the decomposition of the lithium ion active material due to over-discharge can be reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery of the electric two-wheeled vehicle can be effectively prolonged.
Specifically, the intelligent power management system further comprises a charging pile sensing unit 7, which is connected with the control unit 6 and used for searching for an available charging pile according to the instruction of the control unit 6;
when the control unit 6 determines that the single lithium battery is the single lithium battery needing to be charged, the control unit 6 controls the charging pile sensing unit 7 to obtain the shortest time g reaching the available charging pile and compares the shortest time g with the determined charging time for the single lithium battery needing to be charged so as to determine whether to start the backup battery 2 or charge the charging pile.
In this embodiment, reserve battery 2 electric quantity is limited, for protection reserve battery 2, does not use under the general condition, so have to fill the usable condition of electric pile and preferentially use under the electric pile usable condition and fill electric pile.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an intelligent power management system based on electric bicycle which characterized in that includes:
the lithium battery pack comprises a plurality of single lithium batteries connected in series and is used for providing energy for the electric two-wheel vehicle during riding;
the standby batteries are respectively connected with the plurality of single lithium batteries and used for carrying out emergency charging when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is over-discharged;
the lithium ion detection unit is connected with the lithium battery pack and used for detecting the lithium ion content of each single lithium battery in the lithium battery pack in real time when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is not ridden so as to determine the lithium ion increment within preset time;
the voltage detection unit is connected with the lithium battery pack and is used for detecting the voltage of the electric two-wheeled vehicle;
the motor control unit is connected with the lithium battery pack and used for controlling the electric two-wheeled vehicle to ride;
the control unit is respectively connected with the lithium battery pack, the standby battery, the lithium ion detection unit, the voltage detection unit and the motor control unit and is used for controlling the standby battery to charge the lithium battery pack;
when the electric two-wheeled vehicle discharges, the control unit determines whether the electric two-wheeled vehicle is in a riding state or not according to a feedback result of the motor control unit and controls the lithium ion detection unit to detect the lithium ion content of each single lithium battery of the lithium battery pack when the electric two-wheeled vehicle is not in the riding state so as to obtain the actual lithium ion content F, when the obtaining is completed, the control unit determines the actual lithium ion increment Fz by combining the actual lithium ion content, the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q and the standard lithium ion content stored in the control unit, and compares the actual lithium ion increment Fz with the standard lithium ion increment Fz0 stored in the control unit so as to determine whether a standby battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium batteries;
when the control unit determines to start the standby battery to charge the single lithium battery, the control unit determines the position of the single lithium battery to be charged and the charging time for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material according to the voltage drop value P and the continuous discharging time T;
the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q is set to be different values according to different types of batteries of the two-wheeled electric vehicle;
when the electric two-wheel vehicle discharges, the control unit compares the actual lithium ion content F with the standard lithium ion content to determine the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q, when the control unit selects ei to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter, the control unit calculates the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q, sets Q = ei multiplied by F, and sets i =1,2, 3; the control unit is provided with standard lithium ion content and a lithium ion increment coefficient, wherein the standard lithium ion content comprises a first standard lithium ion content f1, a second standard lithium ion content f2 and a third standard lithium ion content f3, and f1 is more than f2 and more than f 3; the lithium ion increment coefficients comprise a lithium ion increment coefficient e1 of a battery model number of 6-DZM-12, a lithium ion increment coefficient e2 of a battery model number of 6-DZM-17 and a lithium ion increment coefficient e3 of a battery model number of 6-DZM-20, wherein e1+ e2+ e3= 2;
if F is less than F1, the control unit judges that the lithium ion content adjusting parameter does not need to be determined;
if F is not less than F1 and is less than F2, the control unit selects e1 to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter;
if F is not less than F2 and is less than F3, the control unit selects e2 to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter;
if F is larger than or equal to F3, the control unit selects e3 to calculate the lithium ion content adjusting parameter;
when the determination of the lithium ion content adjusting parameter Q is completed, the control unit determines the actual lithium ion increment Fz according to the selected lithium ion increment coefficient,
when the control unit is selected as e1, Fz = QxI (F2-F)/(F-F1) | (F2-F1);
when the control unit is selected as e2, Fz = QxI (F3-F)/(F-F2) | (F3-F2);
when the control unit selects e3, Fz = QxI 1/(F-F3) | × F3.
2. The electric motorcycle-based smart power management system as recited in claim 1, wherein upon completion of the determination of the actual lithium ion increment Fz, the control unit compares the actual lithium ion increment Fz with a standard lithium ion increment Fz0 to determine whether a backup battery needs to be activated to charge the lithium battery cells and controls the voltage detection unit to separately detect voltages of the plurality of lithium battery cells when the control unit determines that the backup battery needs to be activated to charge the lithium battery cells, wherein,
if Fz is less than or equal to Fz0, the control unit judges that the standby battery is not needed to be started to charge the single lithium battery;
if Fz is larger than Fz0, the control unit judges that the backup battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium battery.
3. The intelligent power management system based on the electric two-wheeled vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the control unit determines that the spare battery needs to be started to charge the single lithium batteries, the control unit obtains the voltage drop value of each single lithium battery according to the voltages of the plurality of single lithium batteries detected by the voltage detection unit, when the obtaining is completed, the control unit sorts the voltage drop values of the plurality of single lithium batteries in descending order and sets the voltage drop value of the first sorted lithium battery as P, meanwhile, a standard voltage drop value P0 is provided in the control unit, and when the setting is completed, the control unit compares the voltage drop value P with the standard voltage drop value P0 to determine the position of the single lithium battery needing to be charged:
if P is less than or equal to P0, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery is not the single lithium battery needing to be charged;
if P is more than P0, the control unit judges the single lithium battery as the single lithium battery needing to be charged.
4. The intelligent power management system based on the electric two-wheeled vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the control unit determines the position of the single lithium battery, the control unit determines the continuous discharging time T according to the voltage continuous falling time of the single lithium battery to be charged measured by the voltage detection unit, when the determination is completed, the control unit compares the continuous discharging time T with a preset continuous discharging time T0 to determine the charging time for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material, when the control unit determines the charging time ti for preventing the decomposition of the lithium ion active material, the control unit controls the standby battery to charge the single lithium battery to be charged determined by the control unit, and i =1,2,3,4 is set;
if T is less than T0 multiplied by 50%, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest time T1;
if T is more than or equal to T0X 50% and less than T0X 70%, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest T2 time;
if T is more than or equal to T0X 70% and less than T0X 90%, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest T3 time;
if T is larger than or equal to T0 multiplied by 90%, the control unit judges that the single lithium battery needs to be charged after the longest time T4;
wherein t1 < t2 < t3 < t 4.
5. The intelligent electric power management system based on two-wheeled vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the control unit is further provided with preset lithium ion increment difference values, including a first preset lithium ion increment difference value B1, a second preset lithium ion increment difference value B2 and a third preset lithium ion increment difference value B3, wherein B1 < B2 < B3;
the control unit determines a charging time ti for preventing decomposition of the lithium ion active material by setting i =1,2,3,4, calculates a lithium ion increment difference value Δ Fz, sets Δ Fz = Fz-Fz0, and when the calculation is completed, compares the lithium ion increment difference value Δ Fz with a preset lithium ion increment difference value to determine the time for decomposition of the lithium ion active material:
if Δ Fz < B1, the control unit determines that lithium ions will decompose the lithium ion active material after D1 time;
if B1 ≦ Δ Fz < B2, the control unit determines that the lithium ion active material will decompose after D2 time;
if B2 ≦ Δ Fz < B3, the control unit determines that the lithium ion active material will decompose after D3 time;
if the delta Fz is larger than or equal to B3, the control unit judges that the lithium ions are to decompose the lithium ion active material after D4 time;
wherein D1 & gtD 2 & gtD 3 & gtD 4.
6. The intelligent electric power management system based on electric two-wheeled vehicle according to claim 5, wherein when the time Di of decomposition of the lithium ion active material is determined, the control unit compares the charging time tj of preventing decomposition of the lithium ion active material with the time Di of decomposition of the lithium ion active material to adjust the charging time:
if Di is more than or equal to tj, the control unit determines that the charging time does not need to be adjusted;
if Di is less than tj, the control unit adjusts the charging time of the single lithium battery to be charged to be Di time;
wherein i =1,2,3,4, j =1,2,3, 4.
7. The electric bicycle-based intelligent power management system of claim 6, further comprising a charging pile sensing unit connected with the control unit for searching for an available charging pile according to an instruction of the control unit;
when the control unit judges that the single lithium battery is the single lithium battery needing to be charged, the control unit controls the charging pile sensing unit to obtain the shortest time g for reaching the available charging pile and compares the shortest time g with the determined charging time for the single lithium battery needing to be charged so as to determine whether to start the standby battery or charge the charging pile.
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