CN113377721B - File table design method for storing files in database - Google Patents
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- CN113377721B CN113377721B CN202110749868.1A CN202110749868A CN113377721B CN 113377721 B CN113377721 B CN 113377721B CN 202110749868 A CN202110749868 A CN 202110749868A CN 113377721 B CN113377721 B CN 113377721B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/17—Details of further file system functions
- G06F16/172—Caching, prefetching or hoarding of files
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- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/11—File system administration, e.g. details of archiving or snapshots
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/22—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
- G06F16/2282—Tablespace storage structures; Management thereof
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
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- G06F16/2365—Ensuring data consistency and integrity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a file table design method for storing files in a database, which comprises the following steps: on the basis of the list type of the general data table, a data list of a FILE type is newly added; writing the files in the file table through an SQL interface, analyzing the path by the file table, and inputting the files into an internal storage space of a database for storage through an external file system; adding a WRITE grammar to input files; and adding the READ grammar to output the file. The invention solves the problem of consistency management of files and data records; the space of a database engine for storing the data records is effectively prevented from being occupied, the efficiency of mapping the data records of the database engine on a disk and a memory is improved, and the problem of data record retrieval efficiency is solved; is easier to manage than the traditional database space expansion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of computer software, and particularly relates to a file table design method for files stored in a database.
Background
With the development of informatization, the data volume of each industry is larger and larger, and each type of file data moves by taking TB as a capacity unit. The traditional file system carries out file storage, which brings the problem of difficult retrieval; the relational database provides a BLOB-based file storage method, which may cause a problem of large file read/write efficiency and a problem of database capacity. The general solution is to store the file path and each metadata attribute of the file in a relational database, and the file is stored in an external file system, so that the method effectively solves the efficiency problem of searching key information of the file, but in practical application, because the file system and the database system are managed independently, the data consistency of the corresponding relationship between the file data and the database records cannot be effectively guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a file table of a file stored in a database, comprising the steps of:
on the basis of the general data list type, a data list of a FILE type is newly added and used for storing the original path and the internal path of the FILE when the FILE is stored in a storage space of a database;
writing the files in the file table through an SQL interface, analyzing the path by the file table, and inputting the files into an internal storage space of a database for storage through an external file system;
adding a WRITE grammar to input files;
and adding the READ grammar to output the file.
Further, the data column at least comprises: the index column is used for constructing a retrieval index; the file type column: for storing the file storage path.
Further, the adding of the WRITE grammar for file input includes:
acquiring a storage path of a file in a data column corresponding to an external file system through an SQL interface;
the application system constructs a file table;
the application system constructs a written SQL statement;
the application system calls a database interface to input the constructed SQL statement;
the database analyzes the SQL sentence, acquires a WRITE keyword, analyzes the WRITE keyword into a writing file table grammar, and extracts a file table name and file attribute information;
distributing an internal storage path to the file table;
the file table recombines the file types according to the file paths of the original file type columns and the distributed internal storage paths;
the file table stores data records, stores files to an internal storage path, and returns execution results to the application system.
Further, the adding READ syntax for file output includes:
an application system acquires a storage path of a file in an external file system;
the application system constructs a written SQL statement;
the application system calls a database interface to input the constructed SQL statement;
the database analyzes the SQL sentence to obtain the READ keyword, analyzes the READ keyword into reading file table grammar, and extracts a file table name, a file type column name and path information to be stored in an external file system;
the file table reads the data records with the index conditions and writes the files to the external storage path.
Further, reading the file table by the SELECT syntax, comprising the following steps:
the application system constructs a write SQL statement;
the application system calls a database interface to input the constructed SQL sentence;
the database analyzes the SQL sentence, acquires a SELECT keyword, judges whether the file table is a file table attribute, analyzes the sentence to read the file table grammar, and extracts the file table name, the file type column name and the path information stored in the internal file system by the file;
reading data records with the index conditions according with the file table;
and the application system acquires a file storage path in the file table and calls a universal file system interface to read the file.
Further, deleting the file table records through the DELETE syntax includes:
the application system constructs and deletes the SQL statement;
the application system calls a database interface to input the constructed SQL sentence;
the database analyzes the SQL sentence, obtains DELETE keywords and file table attributes, analyzes the DELETE keywords and the file table attributes into a deleted file table record syntax, and extracts a file table name and retrieval condition column information;
the file table positions the data records with the index conditions in accordance;
analyzing the value of the file type data column and the file type column name, acquiring an internal storage path, deleting the file from the internal storage path, deleting the data record, and returning an execution result to the system.
On the basis of the column type of the general data table, a data column of a design FILE type is newly added for storing the original path and the internal path application of a FILE when the FILE is stored in a storage space of a database, an application system inputs the FILE by newly adding a WRITE grammar, newly adds a READ grammar and newly designs a SELECT grammar to output the FILE, and the FILE table is responsible for analyzing the storage path of the FILE type FILE from the WRITE grammar, the READ grammar and the SELECT grammar, realizing the reading and writing operations of the FILE from an external FILE system and the internal storage space of the database and the storage management of the FILE in the internal storage space of the database.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1: the invention realizes a file table design method, supports the storage of files in the internal storage space of a database, provides file read-write operation based on SQL grammar extension, and solves the problem of management of consistency of files and data records;
2: the file data is managed based on the universal file system in the internal storage space of the database, so that the space of a database engine for storing data records can be effectively avoided from being occupied, the efficiency of mapping the data records of the database engine on a disk and a memory is improved, and compared with the traditional BLOB or TEXT type storage mode, the method effectively solves the problem of data record retrieval efficiency;
3: the file management method based on the universal file system can conveniently support the expansion of the file storage space, can easily support the storage of mass file data at TP and even PB levels, and is easier to manage compared with the traditional database space expansion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a file table design;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of writing a file table via a WRITE syntax;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for deleting file table data;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process for reading a file table by the READ syntax;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process of reading a file by a SELECT syntax.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for designing a file table of a storage file in a database, comprising the steps of:
on the basis of the general data list type, a data list of a FILE type is newly added and used for storing the original path and the internal path of the FILE when the FILE is stored in a storage space of a database;
writing the files in the file table through an SQL interface, analyzing the path by the file table, and inputting the files into an internal storage space of a database for storage through an external file system;
adding a WRITE grammar to input files;
and adding the READ grammar to output the file.
On the basis of the design of a general data table, the invention forms a brand-new data storage design by newly adding data column types and newly adding the design of writing and reading SQL grammar of files: and (4) a file table.
On the basis of the general data list type, a data list of a design FILE type is newly added for storing the original path and the internal path application of a FILE when the FILE is stored in a storage space of a database; the system inputs files by adding new WRITE grammar; and newly adding READ grammar to the system for file output.
As shown in fig. 2, the file table design method includes the following contents:
1) On the basis of the column type of the general data table, newly adding a data column of a design FILE type, storing an original path and an internal path of a FILE when the FILE is stored in a storage space of a database, and defining the FILE as a FILE table for distinguishing the FILE from the general data table;
2) The method comprises the steps that a SQL interface storage FILE is newly added (written) and a user WRITEs the FILE in a FILE table through the SQL interface, the storage path of the FILE in an external FILE system needs to be input in a FILE table FILE data column of the FILE table, the path is analyzed through the FILE table, the FILE is input into a database internal storage space from the external FILE system to be stored, and the FILE storage path in the FILE table is automatically replaced by the combination of the FILE path of the database internal storage space and the FILE original storage path in the external FILE system through the FILE table.
3) And newly adding (READ reading) SQL grammar, reading the file in the file table through the SQL interface by a user, inputting a path to be stored in an external file system by the user, analyzing the path by the file table, automatically outputting the file in the internal storage space of the database to the path to be stored in the external file system appointed by the user by the file library, and keeping the file name consistent with the input file name.
4) When the application uses the SELECT syntax, the FILE library directly returns the FILE of the FILE type data column in the internal storage path of the database, or the application can directly read the FILE.
5) When the application uses the DELETE syntax, the FILE library is responsible for analyzing the internal storage path of the FILE in the FILE type data column, and synchronously deleting the FILE when deleting the data records, so that the consistency of the FILE and the data records is ensured.
The file table storage space is composed of a data record storage space and a file storage space, the data record storage space is realized by a general database storage engine (data table), and the file storage space is realized by a local file system (by configuration, a plurality of file directories can be designated as the file storage space, a plurality of file tables share the storage space, and each file can be assigned with a unique internal file name in the file table so as to avoid conflict).
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the file input is performed by adding a WRITE syntax, and the method includes the following steps:
a: the application system obtains a storage PATH of a file in an external file system as PATH1, for example: txt,/home/test;
b: the design and construction file table comprises at least two data columns:
1) Index column: used for constructing a retrieval index;
2) The file type column: a storage path for storing files;
the other data columns may be general data columns;
the application system builds a write SQL statement, for example: WRITE intra file table name values (index column value, "PATH 1"), such as: WRITE INTO FS (FS: file table name) values (1, "/home/test.txt");
c: the application system calls a database interface to input the SQL sentence constructed in the step B;
d: the database analyzes the SQL grammar, acquires the WRITE keywords, analyzes the WRITE keywords into the grammar of the WRITE-in file table, and extracts the file table name, the file attribute and other information as follows:
1) A file table name;
2) An index column value;
3) File type column value: PATH1;
e: the file table allocates internal storage paths, for example: PATH2 (/ db/file/tmp _ test.txt, where/db/file is a configured internal file storage space PATH), and the file table reads a PATH file of PATH1 (/ home/test.txt) to PATH2 (/ db/file/tmp _ test.txt);
f: the file table reconstructs the file type column values according to the file path of the original file type column and the allocated internal storage path as follows:
PATH2 length/PATH 2/PATH1 (for example: 21/db/file/tmp _ test.txt/home/test.txt, wherein 21 means that the character length of internal storage PATH/db/file/tmp _ test.txt is allocated, which is used for facilitating reverse analysis when reading files);
g: the file table stores data records (index column values, "PATH2 length/PATH 2/PATH1," such as 1, "21/db/file/tmp _ test.txt/home/test.txt"), and returns execution results to the application system.
As shown in fig. 5, the process of reading the file table by the READ syntax includes the following steps:
a: the application system obtains a storage PATH3 of the file in the external file system, for example: /home/out/;
b: the application system constructs a write SQL statement, for example: the READ file type column name from file table name to PATH3 WHERE retrieve column name = retrieve value;
c: and (4) calling a database interface by the application system to input the SQL sentence constructed in the step B, for example: READ FT from FS to "/home/out/" WHERE ID =1; READ: SQL grammar key words; FT: a file type column name; FS: a file table name.
D: the database analyzes the SQL grammar, obtains the READ keywords, analyzes the READ keywords into reading file table grammar, and extracts the file table name, the file type column name, the file path to be stored in the external file system and other information as follows:
1) A file table name;
2) External file system storage path: PATH3;
3) An index column value;
4) External file system storage path: the name/out/.
E: the file table reads a data record of an index column value (the index column value, "PATH2 length/PATH 2/PATH1", such as: 1, "21/db/file/tmp _ test.txt/home/test.txt", parses a PATH2 length/PATH 2/PATH1 (21/db/file/tmp _ test.txt/home/test.txt) PATH, obtains an internal storage PATH2 (/ db/file/tmp _ test.txt), obtains an original file name test.txt, reads the file PATH2 stored in the file table to an external storage file system PATH3, and returns an execution result to an application system.
As shown in FIG. 4, the process of deleting a file table record by the DELETE syntax includes the following steps:
a: the application system constructs a DELETE SQL statement, and the DELETE from file table name WHERE index column name = index column value, such as: DELETE from FS WHERE ID =1; DELETE: SQL grammar key words; FS: a file table name.
B: the application system calls a database interface to input the SQL sentence constructed in the step A;
c: the database analyzes the SQL grammar, obtains DELETE keywords and FS (file table name) table attributes, analyzes the table attributes into deleted file table record grammar, and extracts information such as file table names, index columns and the like as follows:
1) A file table name;
2) The indexing condition is as follows: ID column value is 1;
d: the file table locates data records with an index condition ID column value of 1 (index column value, "PATH2 Length/PATH 2/PATH1", e.g.: 1, "21/db/file/tmp _ test. Txt/home/test. Txt"), parses a file type data column FT value: "PATH2 length/PATH 2/PATH1", if "21/db/file/tmp _ test.txt/home/test.txt", obtaining an internal storage PATH2 (/ db/file/tmp _ test.txt), deleting the PATH2 (/ db/file/tmp _ test.txt) file from the internal storage PATH, deleting the data record (index column value, "PATH2 length/PATH 2/PATH1", if: 1, "21/db/file/tmp _ test.txt/home/test.txt"), and returning the execution result to the application system.
As shown in fig. 6, the process of reading the file table by the SELECT syntax includes the following steps:
a: the application system builds a write SQL statement, for example: SELECT file type column name from file table name WHERE index column name = index column value, such as: SELECT FT from FS WHERE ID =1; selecting: SQL grammar key words; FT: a file type column name; FS: a file table name.
B: the application system calls a database interface to input the SQL sentence constructed in the step B;
c: the database analyzes the SQL grammar, acquires the SELECT key words, judges the attribute of the file table, analyzes the statement to read the grammar of the file table, and extracts the file table name, the file type column name and other information as follows:
1) A file table name;
2) A file type column name;
3) And (3) retrieval conditions: the ID column has a value of 1.
D: the file table reads a data record (index column value, "PATH2 Length/PATH 2/PATH1", such as: 1, "21/db/file/tmp _ test.txt/home/test.txt") with an index condition ID column value of 1, parses a "PATH2 Length/PATH 2/PATH1" (such as: "21/db/file/tmp _ test.txt/home/test.txt") PATH, acquires an internal storage PATH PATH2 (/ db/file/tmp _ test.txt), replaces an FT (file type column) field value with a PATH2 (/ db/file/tmp _ test.txt), and returns (index column value, "PATH2", such as: 1,/db/file/tmp _ test.txt ") execution result to the application system;
e: the application system obtains a PATH2 () (/ db/file/tmp _ test.txt) stored in the file table by the file, and calls a universal file system interface to read the file PATH2 (/ db/file/tmp _ test.txt).
The invention has the following advantages:
1: the invention realizes a file table design method, supports the storage of files in the internal storage space of a database, provides file read-write operation based on SQL grammar extension, and solves the problem of management of consistency of files and data records;
2: the file data is managed based on the universal file system in the internal storage space of the database, so that the space of a database engine for storing data records can be effectively avoided from being occupied, the efficiency of mapping the data records of the database engine on a disk and a memory is improved, and compared with the traditional BLOB or TEXT type storage mode, the method effectively solves the problem of data record retrieval efficiency;
3: the file management method based on the universal file system can conveniently support the expansion of the file storage space, can easily support the storage of mass file data at TP and even PB levels, and is easier to manage compared with the traditional database space expansion.
It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for designing a file table of a file stored in a database, comprising the steps of:
on the basis of the general data list type, a data list of a FILE type is newly added and used for storing the original path and the internal path of the FILE when the FILE is stored in a storage space of a database;
writing the files in the file table through an SQL interface, analyzing the path by the file table, and inputting the files into an internal storage space of a database for storage through an external file system;
adding a WRITE grammar to input files;
increasing READ grammar to output file;
the data column at least comprises: the index column is used for constructing a retrieval index; the file type column: a storage path for storing files;
the adding of the WRITE grammar for file input comprises the following steps:
acquiring a storage path of a file in a data column corresponding to an external file system through an SQL interface;
the application system constructs a file table;
the application system constructs a written SQL statement;
the application system calls a database interface to input the constructed SQL statement;
the database analyzes the SQL sentence, acquires a WRITE keyword, analyzes the WRITE keyword into a writing file table grammar, and extracts a file table name and file attribute information;
distributing an internal storage path to the file table;
the file table recombines the file types according to the file paths of the original file type columns and the distributed internal storage paths;
the file table stores data records, stores files to an internal storage path, and returns execution results to the application system;
the adding of the READ grammar for file output comprises the following steps:
an application system acquires a storage path of a file in an external file system;
the application system constructs a written SQL statement;
the application system calls a database interface to input the constructed SQL statement;
the database analyzes the SQL sentence to obtain the READ keyword, analyzes the READ keyword into reading file table grammar, and extracts a file table name, a file type column name and path information to be stored in an external file system;
the file table reads the data records with the index conditions and writes the files to the external storage path.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising reading the file table by SELECT syntax, comprising the steps of:
the application system constructs a written SQL statement;
the application system calls a database interface to input the constructed SQL statement;
the database analyzes the SQL sentence, acquires a SELECT keyword, judges whether the file table is a file table attribute, analyzes the sentence to read the file table grammar, and extracts the file table name, the file type column name and the path information stored in the internal file system by the file;
reading data records with the index conditions by the file table;
and the application system acquires a file storage path in the file table and calls a universal file system interface to read the file.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising deleting file table records via a DELETE syntax, comprising:
the application system constructs and deletes SQL sentences;
the application system calls a database interface to input the constructed SQL statement;
the database analyzes the SQL sentence, obtains DELETE keywords and file table attributes, analyzes the DELETE keywords and the file table attributes into a deleted file table record syntax, and extracts a file table name and retrieval condition column information;
the file table positions the data records with the index conditions in accordance;
analyzing the value of the file type data column and the file type column name, acquiring an internal storage path, deleting the file from the internal storage path, deleting the data record, and returning an execution result to the system.
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