CN113376873A - Infrared super-resolution imaging method and device - Google Patents
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- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
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- G06T3/00—Geometric image transformations in the plane of the image
- G06T3/40—Scaling of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. expanding or contracting
- G06T3/4053—Scaling of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. expanding or contracting based on super-resolution, i.e. the output image resolution being higher than the sensor resolution
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Abstract
The invention discloses an infrared super-resolution imaging method and device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: adjusting the state of liquid crystal in a liquid crystal coding plate to enable the size of each pixel in the liquid crystal to be smaller than the size of a pixel of a focal plane detector so as to generate sub-pixel coding information; acquiring an image of the sub-pixel code of the target to be detected according to the sub-pixel code information; and compared with the mechanical micro-scanning technology, the super-resolution imaging method does not need a complex and precise mechanical mechanism, avoids the influence of mechanical movement errors on the imaging quality, has higher imaging speed, is more convenient for engineering integration, and can conveniently obtain a large number of images with different codes, thereby reconstructing the images with high resolution as much as possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of infrared imaging, in particular to an infrared super-resolution imaging method and device.
Background
The infrared imaging system is widely applied to the aspects of infrared remote sensing, gun aiming, night vision, tracking guidance, automobile auxiliary driving and the like. In many applications, infrared imaging systems are required to have higher resolution. However, due to the limitation of the manufacturing process of the infrared detector, the imaging resolution of the infrared system is difficult to reach the level of visible light. Therefore, other means can only be adopted to improve the resolution of the infrared system and break through the optical resolution limit of the system. At present, super-resolution image reconstruction is mostly realized by adopting an oversampling technology, namely, on the premise of not changing an optical system and detector parameters, the sampling frequency of a detector is improved by utilizing repeated sub-pixel dislocation imaging and combining an image fusion technology, and the frequency spectrum confusion is reduced. However, in the existing super-resolution technology, mostly, the sub-pixel movement is realized by adding a fine adjustment mechanism, such as moving an imaging lens or a focal plane detector, which is difficult to be realized in many cases from the engineering, for example, the lens size of some refrigeration infrared systems is large, the focal plane detector is usually mounted on a heavy module and is difficult to move flexibly, and the methods for realizing the dislocation imaging through mechanical movement often inevitably cause the reduction of the imaging quality due to the reasons of moving precision, positioning stability and the like.
Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the shortcomings of the existing super-resolution technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an infrared super-resolution imaging method and apparatus, so as to replace the conventional mechanical micro-scanning staggered imaging scheme, which can improve the infrared imaging resolution, simplify the system structure, increase the imaging speed, and facilitate the engineering implementation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the invention provides an infrared super-resolution imaging method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adjusting the state of liquid crystal in a liquid crystal coding plate to enable the size of each pixel in the liquid crystal to be smaller than the size of a pixel of a focal plane detector so as to generate sub-pixel coding information;
acquiring an image of the sub-pixel code of the target to be detected according to the sub-pixel code information;
and acquiring a super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the image coded by the sub-pixel of the target to be detected.
Specifically, multiple groups of sub-pixel coding information are generated to obtain multiple groups of images coded by the sub-pixels of the target to be detected.
Further, the step of obtaining the super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the image coded by the sub-pixel of the target to be detected comprises:
analyzing a plurality of groups of images coded by the sub-pixels to acquire a plurality of groups of image reconstruction information;
and generating a super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the multiple groups of image reconstruction information.
Further, the step of generating the super-resolution image of the object to be measured according to the plurality of sets of image reconstruction information further includes:
image transformation, image compression, image enhancement, image deblurring, image segmentation, image stretching, and gain control operations.
On the other hand, based on the above-mentioned infrared super-resolution imaging method, the present invention further provides an infrared super-resolution imaging apparatus, which includes:
the sub-pixel coding module is used for adjusting the state of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal coding plate to enable the size of each pixel in the liquid crystal to be smaller than that of a pixel of the focal plane detector so as to generate sub-pixel coding information;
the imaging module is used for imaging a target to obtain sub-pixel coding image information corresponding to the sub-pixel coding information;
and the image processing module is used for acquiring the super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the image coded by the sub-pixel of the target to be detected.
Further, the sub-pixel encoding module comprises:
the sub-pixel coding generation unit is used for adjusting the state of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal coding plate to enable the size of each pixel in the liquid crystal to be smaller than that of a pixel of the focal plane detector so as to generate sub-pixel coding information;
and the sub-pixel coding control unit is used for adjusting and controlling the sub-pixel coding generation unit to obtain preset sub-pixel coding information.
Specifically, the sub-pixel coding control unit may control the sub-pixel coding generation unit to generate multiple sets of sub-pixel coding information, so as to obtain multiple sets of images coded by the target sub-pixels to be detected.
Further, the imaging module includes:
the imaging lens is used for imaging the target to be detected;
and the detector unit is used for receiving the imaging of the imaging lens, converting the imaging into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal to the image processing module.
Furthermore, the imaging module further comprises an auxiliary mechanism unit for assisting in adjusting the imaging effect of the target to be measured.
Further, the image processing module includes:
the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring and storing the image of the sub-pixel code of the target to be detected;
the image analysis unit is used for analyzing and identifying the image coded by the sub-pixel to acquire image reconstruction information;
and the super-resolution image reconstruction unit is used for acquiring a super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the image reconstruction information.
Further, the super-resolution image reconstruction unit is also used for image transformation, image compression, image enhancement, image deblurring, image segmentation, image stretching and gain control operations.
By adopting the technical scheme, the infrared super-resolution imaging method and the infrared super-resolution imaging device have the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the infrared super-resolution imaging method and device, super-resolution imaging is achieved through the sub-pixel coding technology, compared with the mechanical micro-scanning technology, a complex and precise mechanical mechanism is not needed, the influence of mechanical movement errors on imaging quality is avoided, the imaging speed is higher, and engineering integration is facilitated.
2. Compared with the mechanical coding plate with fixed pattern shape or the detector coding technology, the infrared super-resolution imaging method and the infrared super-resolution imaging device have the advantages that the patterns can be adjusted at will, the adjustment is more flexible, a large number of images with different codes can be conveniently obtained, and therefore the images with high resolution as much as possible are reconstructed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiment or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of steps of an infrared super-resolution imaging method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an infrared super-resolution imaging device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sub-pixel encoding module in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the imaging module of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the image processing module of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an infrared super-resolution imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the system comprises an imaging lens, a 2-liquid crystal coding plate, a 3-liquid crystal coding controller, a 4-focal plane detector and a 5-image processor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
Example 1
The infrared imaging system has application prospects in many aspects, and simultaneously needs high resolution, the existing super-resolution technology mostly realizes sub-pixel movement by adding a micro-motion adjusting mechanism, such as moving an imaging lens or a focal plane detector, which is difficult to realize from engineering under many conditions, such as large lens size of some refrigeration infrared systems, the focal plane detector is usually installed on a heavy module and is difficult to move flexibly, and the methods for realizing dislocation imaging through mechanical movement usually inevitably cause imaging quality reduction due to the reasons of moving precision, positioning stability and the like. Therefore, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an infrared super-resolution imaging method, which can replace a conventional mechanical micro-scanning staggered imaging scheme, and can improve infrared imaging resolution, simplify system structure, and increase imaging speed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
s1: adjusting the state of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal coding plate to make the size of each pixel in the liquid crystal smaller than that of the pixel of the focal plane detector to generate sub-pixel coding information
The sub-pixel coding control unit in the sub-pixel coding module controls the sub-pixel coding generation unit to generate the required sub-pixel coding information, namely, the state of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal coding plate is adjusted, so that the size of each pixel in the liquid crystal is smaller than that of a pixel of the focal plane detector.
S2: obtaining the image of the sub-pixel code of the target to be detected according to the sub-pixel code information
And the imaging module images the target to be detected, and an image coded by the sub-pixel of the target to be detected is obtained under the modulation action of the sub-pixel coding module. Alternatively, different encoding states can be set, and corresponding images are acquired simultaneously, so that a plurality of sub-pixel encoded images are obtained.
S3: and acquiring a super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the image coded by the sub-pixel of the target to be detected.
The obtained image information of the multiple groups of sub-pixel codes can be subjected to image fusion through an image fusion technology, so that a super-resolution image is obtained, specifically, firstly, the acquired image of the multiple groups of sub-pixel codes is required to be analyzed and identified, and then, the super-resolution image is reconstructed, stored and output through the obtained analysis and identification result.
Optionally, the process may also involve image transformation, image compression, image enhancement, image deblurring, image segmentation, image stretching, and gain control operations as necessary to ensure that a high quality super-resolution image is obtained.
An embodiment of the present specification also provides an infrared super-resolution imaging apparatus capable of performing the method provided above, and specifically, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, the apparatus includes:
the sub-pixel coding module is used for generating a plurality of groups of different sub-pixel coding information;
the imaging module is used for imaging a target to obtain sub-pixel coding image information corresponding to the sub-pixel coding information;
and the image processing module is used for acquiring the super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the image information of the sub-pixel coding.
In some embodiments, the sub-pel encoding module comprises:
the sub-pixel coding generation unit is used for generating a plurality of groups of sub-pixel coding information of the target to be detected;
and the sub-pixel coding control unit is used for adjusting and controlling the sub-pixel coding generation unit to generate the required sub-pixel coding information.
In some embodiments, the imaging module comprises:
the imaging lens is used for imaging the target to be detected;
the detector module is used for receiving the image formed by the imaging lens, converting the image into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal to the image processing module;
the auxiliary mechanism is used for adjusting the imaging process of the target to be measured so as to obtain an image with better effect, and specifically comprises a shutter, an aperture, a zooming and focusing mechanism, a fixing mechanism and the like.
In some embodiments, the image processing module comprises:
the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring and storing the multiple groups of sub-pixel coded images;
the image analysis unit is used for analyzing and identifying the image information coded by the plurality of groups of sub-pixels;
and the super-resolution image reconstruction unit is used for reconstructing, storing and outputting the super-resolution image according to the processing result of the image analysis unit.
Of course, the super-resolution image reconstruction unit also has image processing functions such as image transformation, image compression, image enhancement, image deblurring, image segmentation, image stretching and gain control. .
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 6, the image capturing device for the present specification is a specific embodiment, which mainly comprises an imaging lens 1, a liquid crystal encoding plate 2, a liquid crystal encoding controller 3, a focal plane detector 4 and an image processor 5,
the imaging lens 1 is configured to image a target on the focal plane detector 4, and optionally, the imaging lens 1 may perform aberration elimination design so that MTF meets the requirement of imaging resolution, where it is to be noted that a transmission waveband of the imaging lens 1 should be matched with a response waveband of the focal plane detector 4, and a film coating process should be performed on a lens surface if necessary, so as to improve imaging quality and effect.
The liquid crystal coding plate 2 changes the transmission or blocking state of light based on the orientation change of liquid crystal molecules, realizes the space coding of the formed image, obtains a plurality of images with different sub-pixel codes, places the liquid crystal coding plate 2 at a position close to the front of the focal plane detector 4, and controls the state of each pixel of liquid crystal through the liquid crystal controller 3, wherein the liquid crystal controller 3 can set a control strategy through a preset control unit, and the size of each pixel of the liquid crystal is smaller than that of the pixel of the focal plane detector, thereby realizing the sub-pixel coding.
The focal plane detector 4, i.e. the photosensitive element of the imaging device, is used for receiving the image formed by the imaging lens, where the formed image is an image encoded by the sub-pixel, and converting the image into an electrical signal to be output to the image processor 5. Alternatively, the focal plane detector 4 may be of a refrigeration type or a non-refrigeration type, and if of a refrigeration type, a refrigerator is required.
The image processor 5 includes a readout circuit, an ASIC chip, an FPGA circuit, an ISP chip, embedded software or upper computer software according to different application requirements. The image processor 5 can realize various functions of image optimization enhancement, super-resolution reconstruction and the like according to needs.
In this embodiment, in the present embodiment, the light beam after the target is imaged by the imaging lens 1 is modulated by the liquid crystal encoding plate 2 located in front of the focal plane detector, each pixel on the liquid crystal encoding plate 2 can be individually controlled by the liquid crystal encoding controller 3, and the transparent or opaque state of the corresponding pixel is controlled by changing the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, so as to obtain an image corresponding to the liquid crystal encoding plate pattern, which is received by the focal plane detector 4. The pixel pitch on the liquid crystal coding plate 2 is smaller than the pixel pitch of the focal plane detector 4, so that the obtained image is an image subjected to sub-pixel coding. The liquid crystal distribution state of the liquid crystal coding plate 2 is changed through the liquid crystal coding controller 3, and different sub-pixel coding images can be obtained. The image processor 5 is used for carrying out image reconstruction on the sub-pixel coded images through an image fusion technology, and then the super-resolution image can be obtained.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal encoding plate 2 is disposed close to the focal plane detector 4 to achieve the purpose of sub-pixel encoding. The image processor 5 may also include other required image processing functions, such as image enhancement, image deblurring, image stretching, gain control, etc., besides performing image fusion and super-resolution reconstruction, and may be implemented by software and hardware as required, or may be provided with an additional image processing device for processing.
The infrared super-resolution imaging method and the infrared super-resolution imaging device have the following beneficial effects that:
1) according to the infrared super-resolution imaging method and device, super-resolution imaging is achieved through the sub-pixel coding technology, compared with the mechanical micro-scanning technology, a complex and precise mechanical mechanism is not needed, the influence of mechanical movement errors on imaging quality is avoided, the imaging speed is higher, and engineering integration is facilitated.
2) Compared with the mechanical coding plate with fixed pattern shape or the detector coding technology, the infrared super-resolution imaging method and the infrared super-resolution imaging device have the advantages that the patterns can be adjusted at will, the adjustment is more flexible, a large number of images with different codes can be conveniently obtained, and therefore the images with high resolution as much as possible are reconstructed.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. An infrared super-resolution imaging method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adjusting the state of liquid crystal in a liquid crystal coding plate to enable the size of each pixel in the liquid crystal to be smaller than the size of a pixel of a focal plane detector so as to generate sub-pixel coding information;
acquiring an image of the sub-pixel code of the target to be detected according to the sub-pixel code information;
and acquiring a super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the image coded by the sub-pixel of the target to be detected.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of sub-pixel coding information are generated to obtain a plurality of sets of images coded by the sub-pixels of the object to be tested.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the super-resolution image of the object to be measured according to the image encoded by the sub-pixel of the object to be measured comprises:
analyzing a plurality of groups of images coded by the sub-pixels to acquire a plurality of groups of image reconstruction information;
and generating a super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the multiple groups of image reconstruction information.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of generating the super-resolution image of the object to be measured according to the plurality of sets of image reconstruction information further comprises:
image transformation, image compression, image enhancement, image deblurring, image segmentation, image stretching, and gain control operations.
5. An infrared super-resolution imaging apparatus for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 4, the apparatus comprising:
the sub-pixel coding module is used for adjusting the state of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal coding plate to enable the size of each pixel in the liquid crystal to be smaller than that of a pixel of the focal plane detector so as to generate sub-pixel coding information;
the imaging module is used for imaging a target to obtain sub-pixel coding image information corresponding to the sub-pixel coding information;
and the image processing module is used for acquiring the super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the image coded by the sub-pixel of the target to be detected.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the sub-pel encoding module comprises:
the sub-pixel coding generation unit is used for generating sub-pixel coding information of the target to be detected;
and the sub-pixel coding control unit is used for adjusting and controlling the sub-pixel coding generation unit to obtain preset sub-pixel coding information.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the imaging module comprises:
the imaging lens is used for imaging the target to be detected;
and the detector unit is used for receiving the imaging of the imaging lens, converting the imaging into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal to the image processing module.
8. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the imaging module further comprises an auxiliary mechanism unit for assisting in adjusting the imaging effect of the object to be measured.
9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the image processing module comprises:
the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring and storing the image of the sub-pixel code of the target to be detected;
the image analysis unit is used for analyzing and identifying the image coded by the sub-pixel to acquire image reconstruction information;
and the super-resolution image reconstruction unit is used for acquiring a super-resolution image of the target to be detected according to the image reconstruction information.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the super resolution image reconstruction unit is further configured to perform image transformation, image compression, image enhancement, image deblurring, image segmentation, image stretching, and gain control operations.
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| CN102661801A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-09-12 | 华中科技大学 | Super-resolution thermal infrared imager and method for acquiring high-resolution infrared image |
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