CN113376727A - Optical device and display device - Google Patents
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- CN113376727A CN113376727A CN202110667727.5A CN202110667727A CN113376727A CN 113376727 A CN113376727 A CN 113376727A CN 202110667727 A CN202110667727 A CN 202110667727A CN 113376727 A CN113376727 A CN 113376727A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an optical device and a display device, wherein the optical device comprises a polarization beam splitting structure and a polarization adjusting structure; the polarization light splitting structure comprises a polarization light splitting unit, a polarization light splitting unit and a polarization light splitting unit, wherein the polarization light splitting unit is used for splitting incident light to obtain a first polarized light and a second polarized light which are vertical in polarization direction; the first polarized light ray is emitted along a first direction, and the second polarized light ray passes through the polarization light splitting unit along a second direction; the polarization adjusting structure comprises a first reflecting unit, a polarization adjusting unit and a second reflecting unit, and the second polarized light sequentially passes through the first reflecting unit, the polarization adjusting unit, the second reflecting unit and the polarization adjusting unit to form polarization adjusting light with the same polarization direction as the first polarized light; the polarization adjustment light is reflected by the polarization beam splitting unit and then emitted. By adopting the technical scheme, the first polarized light and the second polarized light of the incident light can be emitted after being reflected by the polarization light splitting unit, and the light emitting efficiency of the incident light is improved.
Description
Technical Field
Embodiments of the present invention relate to display technologies, and in particular, to an optical device and a display apparatus.
Background
With the development of display technology, users have higher and higher requirements for display quality of display devices. The display quality of a display device is closely related to its brightness. Therefore, how to improve the display brightness of the display device becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an optical device and a display device, which can improve the light emitting efficiency of incident light.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical device, including a polarization splitting structure and a polarization adjusting structure;
the polarization light splitting structure comprises a polarization light splitting unit, the polarization light splitting unit is used for splitting incident light to obtain a first polarized light and a second polarized light, and the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are vertical; the first polarized light ray is emitted along a first direction, and the second polarized light ray passes through the polarization light splitting unit along a second direction;
the polarization adjusting structure comprises a first reflecting unit, a polarization adjusting unit and a second reflecting unit, the second polarized light sequentially passes through the first reflecting unit, the polarization adjusting unit, the second reflecting unit and the polarization adjusting unit to form polarization adjusting light, and the polarization direction of the polarization adjusting light is the same as that of the first polarized light; the polarization adjusting light is reflected by the polarization light splitting unit and then is emitted.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display apparatus, including the optical device provided in the above aspect, and further including a display panel;
the display panel is used for emitting the incident light, the display panel comprises a light emitting element for emitting the incident light, the light emitting element is positioned on one side of the polarization light splitting structure close to the second reflection unit, and the light emitting element is positioned on one side of the second reflection unit close to the polarization light splitting structure.
Compared with the prior art, the optical device provided by the embodiment of the invention can emit light rays with different polarization directions, and the light emitting efficiency of the optical device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the incident light of FIG. 3 incident on the polarization splitting unit at Brewster's angle;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization splitting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of an optical device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of an application scenario of an optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only a part of the structure related to the present invention is shown in the drawings, not the whole structure, and the shapes and sizes of the respective elements in the drawings do not reflect the true scale thereof, and are only for schematically illustrating the contents of the present invention.
In the conventional organic light emitting display technology, ambient light is incident on a display device, reflected by a metal layer in the display device, and then emitted together with light emitted from the display device. Since the metal layer in the display device has a strong reflection effect, the reflected ambient light affects the display contrast of the display device. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in the prior art, as shown in fig. 1, in the prior art, an optical structure 11, such as a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate, is added on a light exit side of a display device 10, ambient light incident to the optical structure 11 is adjusted to be linearly polarized light by the linear polarizer, the linearly polarized light is adjusted to be elliptically polarized light by the quarter-wave plate, the linearly polarized light is adjusted to be linearly polarized light by the quarter-wave plate again after being reflected by a metal layer in the display device 10, but the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the linear polarizer at this time and cannot exit, so that interference of the ambient light to the light emitted by the display device 10 itself can be avoided.
Correspondingly, however, by adding the optical structure 11, only polarized light in the same direction as the optical axis of the linear polarizer can be emitted from the light emitting rays of the display device 10, which greatly reduces the light emitting efficiency of the display device 10.
Based on the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical device, including a polarization splitting structure and a polarization adjusting structure; the polarization light splitting structure comprises a polarization light splitting unit, the polarization light splitting unit is used for splitting incident light to obtain a first polarized light and a second polarized light, and the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are vertical; the first polarized light ray is emitted along a first direction, and the second polarized light ray passes through the polarization light splitting unit along a second direction; the polarization adjusting structure comprises a first reflecting unit, a polarization adjusting unit and a second reflecting unit, wherein the second polarized light sequentially passes through the first reflecting unit, the polarization adjusting unit, the second reflecting unit and the polarization adjusting unit to form polarization adjusting light, and the polarization direction of the polarization adjusting light is the same as that of the first polarized light; the polarization adjustment light is reflected by the polarization beam splitting unit and then emitted. By adopting the technical scheme, the polarization light splitting structure can emit the first polarized light of the incident light, the polarization adjusting structure can adjust the second polarized light of the incident light into the polarization adjusting light with the same polarization direction as the first polarized light, and then the second polarized light is emitted through the polarization light splitting structure. When the optical device is applied to a display device, the light emitting efficiency of the display device can be greatly improved, and the display brightness of the display device is improved.
The above is the core idea of the embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical device 2, where the optical device 2 may be applied to a display device, where the optical device 2 includes a polarization splitting structure 210 and a polarization adjusting structure 220;
the polarization beam splitting structure 210 includes a polarization beam splitting unit 211, where the polarization beam splitting unit 211 is configured to split the incident light 100 into a first polarized light 110 and a second polarized light 120, and polarization directions of the first polarized light 110 and the second polarized light 120 are perpendicular; the first polarized light 110 exits along a first direction, and the second polarized light 120 passes through the polarization splitting unit 211 along a second direction;
the polarization adjustment structure 220 includes a first reflection unit 221, a polarization adjustment unit 222, and a second reflection unit 223, the second polarized light 120 sequentially passes through the first reflection unit 221, the polarization adjustment unit 222, the second reflection unit 223, and the polarization adjustment unit 222 to form a polarization adjustment light 130, and the polarization direction of the polarization adjustment light 130 is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarized light 110; the polarization adjustment light 130 is reflected by the polarization beam splitting unit 211 and then exits.
Illustratively, both the reflection and transmission characteristics depend on polarization when light penetrates the surface of the optical element at non-normal angles. In this case, the coordinate system used is defined by the plane containing the input and reflected beams. If the polarization vector of the light is in this plane, it is called p-polarized light, and if the polarization vector is perpendicular to the plane, it is called s-polarized light, and the polarization directions of the p-polarized light and the s-polarized light are perpendicular. Any one of the input polarization states may be represented as a vector sum of the s and p components, the incident light 100 may be considered as a vector sum of p-polarized light and s-polarized light, the first polarized light 110 may have a polarization direction perpendicular to the plane of the incident and reflected light and may be s-polarized light, the second polarized light 120 may be p-polarized light, and the polarization direction of the s-polarized light and the polarization direction of the p-polarized light may be perpendicular.
Illustratively, the incident light 100 includes p-polarized light and s-polarized light, after the incident light reaches the polarization splitting unit 211, the polarization splitting unit 211 splits the incident light 100 into a first polarized light 110 and a second polarized light 120, and the first polarized light 110 is reflected at the position of the polarization splitting unit 211 and can be directly emitted after being reflected. The second polarized light 120 is transmitted through the polarization splitting unit 211 to reach the first reflecting unit 221, and after being reflected by the first reflecting unit 211, the second polarized light returns to the polarization adjusting unit 222 after passing through the polarization adjusting unit 222 and the second reflecting unit 223 in sequence. For example, the polarization adjustment structure 220 may change the polarization direction of the polarized light, and the second polarized light 120 passing through the polarization adjustment structure 220 may be converted into the polarization adjustment light 130 perpendicular to the original polarization direction. At this time, the second polarized light 120 is adjusted by the polarization adjustment structure 220 to obtain the polarization adjustment light 130, the polarization direction of the polarization adjustment light 130 is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarized light 110, then the polarization adjustment light 130 reaches the polarization beam splitting unit 211 again, and the polarization adjustment light 130 is reflected at the position of the polarization beam splitting unit 211 and can be directly emitted after being reflected.
The optical device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a polarization light splitting structure and a polarization adjusting structure, wherein a first polarized light ray of incident light can be emitted through the polarization light splitting structure, a second polarized light ray of the incident light is adjusted into a polarization adjusting light ray with the same polarization direction as the first polarized light ray through the polarization adjusting structure, and then the polarization adjusting light ray is emitted through the polarization light splitting structure. By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the light rays with different polarization directions can be emitted after being reflected by the polarization light splitting unit, so that the light emitting efficiency of the incident light is improved. When the optical device is applied to the display device, the light emitting efficiency of the display device can be improved, and the light emitting brightness of the display device is improved
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic optical path diagram of the incident light in fig. 3 entering the polarization splitting structure at the brewster angle, and in conjunction with fig. 3 and fig. 4, on the basis of the above embodiment, the polarization splitting structure 210 may further include a light ray adjusting unit 212, and the light ray adjusting unit 212 and the polarization splitting unit 211 are sequentially located on the propagation path of the incident light 100; the light adjusting unit 212 is used for adjusting the incident light 100 to be incident to the polarization beam splitting unit 211 at the brewster angle; the polarization splitting unit 211 is used for splitting the incident light 100 into a first polarized light ray 110 and a second polarized light ray 120.
For example, the incident light 100 may reach the polarization beam splitting unit at a specific angle after passing through the light adjusting unit 212, for example, the incident angle is brewster's fixed angle. According to brewster's law, when the incident light 100 is incident on the polarization splitting unit 211 at the brewster angle i, the polarization splitting unit 211 can be regarded as a special polarizer, the reflected light is perpendicular to the refracted light, and the reflected light is linearly polarized light, i.e., s-polarized light, and is also the first polarized light 110, and the refracted light is partially polarized light 121, including s-polarized light and p-polarized light, wherein the refracted light has a smaller s-polarized light percentage and a larger p-polarized light percentage, as shown in fig. 4. For convenience of description, the embodiment of the present invention considers only the polarization direction of the polarized light, and does not consider the propagation direction of the polarized light, and the polarized light having the same polarization direction as the s-polarized light may be referred to as a first polarized light, and the polarized light having the same polarization direction as the p-polarized light may be referred to as a second polarized light. For example, s-polarized light in the incident light 100 is reflected at the position of the polarization splitting unit 211 and directly emitted, p-polarized light passes through the polarization splitting unit 211, if some s-polarized light also passes through the polarization splitting unit 211, the s-polarized light passing through the polarization splitting unit 211 reaches the polarization adjusting structure 220, and the s-polarized light is converted into p-polarized light after passing through the polarization adjusting structure 220; the p-polarized light passes through the polarization beam splitting unit 211 and reaches the polarization adjustment structure 220, the p-polarized light is converted into s-polarized light after passing through the polarization adjustment structure 220, and the s-polarized light can be directly emitted after being emitted at the position of the polarization beam splitting unit 211. The above process is repeated as long as s-polarized light or p-polarized light is transmitted through the polarization splitting unit 211 until all light is emitted.
Illustratively, a part of the first polarized light 110 of the incident light 100 is directly emitted, leaving a part of the first polarized light 110 and the whole second polarized light 120, and the polarization adjustment structure 220 is used to change more than one second polarized light 120 into the polarization adjustment light 130 (the polarization direction of the first polarized light 110), change less than one first polarized light 110 into the second polarized light 120, and then reach the polarization splitting unit 211 again to emit the first polarized light 110, where the emitted first polarized light 110 is the second polarized light 120 that has been transmitted through the polarization splitting unit 211 last time, and except the first polarized light 110 that has been emitted for the incident light 100 for the first time, the later emitted first polarized light 110 is converted by the second polarized light 120 that has been refracted last time until the second polarized light 129 is completely converted into the polarization adjustment light 130 to be emitted.
According to the optical device provided by the embodiment of the invention, by additionally arranging the light adjusting unit, the light reaching the polarization light splitting unit can be incident at the Brewster angle after passing through the light adjusting unit, so that the reflected light only comprises the first polarized light and emits the first polarized light, and the second polarized light can be adjusted into the polarization adjusting light with the same polarization direction as the first polarized light by using the polarization adjusting structure and then emitted through the polarization light splitting structure, so that the emergent rate of the incident light is improved, and the light emitting efficiency of the optical device is improved.
In the foregoing solution, the process of continuously converting the second polarized light to emit is to utilize the light path design to make the refracted partial polarized light reach the polarization splitting unit for multiple times and satisfy brewster's law for multiple reflection and refraction, so as to realize the process of continuously adjusting the second polarized light to the first polarized light and continuously emitting the first polarized light. In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides another technical scheme, which can emit the first polarized light in the incident light at one time.
Specifically, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the polarization splitting unit 211 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the polarization splitting unit 211 includes at least two sets of dielectric layer groups 2111 arranged in a stacked manner, each set of dielectric layer group 2111 includes a first dielectric layer 2111a and a second dielectric layer 2111b arranged in a stacked manner, and refractive indexes of the first dielectric layer 2111a and the second dielectric layer 2111b are different. In any two groups of dielectric layer groups 211, the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 2111a is the same, the refractive index 2111b of the second dielectric layer is the same, and the refractive index of the second dielectric layer 2111b is the same as the refractive index of the propagation medium before the incident light enters the polarization splitting unit 211.
Fig. 5 illustrates an example in which the polarization splitting unit 211 includes six sets of dielectric layer groups 2111. The lowermost surface is an incident surface of the incident light 100, and the uppermost surface is an exit surface of the polarization splitting unit 211. Illustratively, incident light 100 is incident on the first media layer 2111a at Brewster's angle i, reflects light as linearly polarized s-polarized light, refracts light through the first media layer 2111a, and then enters the second media layer 2111 b. Since the refractive index of the second medium layer 2111b is the same as the refractive index of the propagation medium before the incident light enters the polarization splitting unit 211, the light refracted by the second medium layer 2111b enters the first medium layer 2111a again at the brewster angle, and the reflected light is linearly polarized light s-polarized light. The above circulation is performed, s-polarized light is continuously reflected and emitted on the surface of the first medium layer 2111a, and p-polarized light is refracted until only p-polarized light remains in the light transmitted after refraction, i.e., the second polarized light 120, and s-polarized light is totally reflected out of the polarization beam splitting unit, i.e., the first polarized light 110.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the polarization splitting unit 211 includes six sets of dielectric layer groups 2111 as an example, and is not limited. The greater the number of dielectric layer groups 2111 included in the polarization splitting unit 211, the more desirable the reflection effect of s-polarized light, but the more complicated the structure of the polarization splitting unit 211. In practical applications, the reflection requirement of s-polarized light and the structural requirement of the polarization splitting unit 211 can be combined and reasonably set.
According to the optical device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the polarization light splitting unit comprises a plurality of sets of medium layer groups which are arranged in a stacked mode, so that s-polarized light in incident light can be split out at one time, the time loss of the s-polarized light in partial polarized light passing through a light path is avoided, the time delay of the incident light is reduced, and the light loss of the s-polarized light in the light path is also reduced; the p-polarized light in the incident light is totally separated, and can be totally converted into s-polarized light to be directly emitted after going through a polarization adjustment structure once, so that the emergence rate and the real-time performance of the incident light are improved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the propagation directions of the second polarized light 120 incident to the first reflecting unit 221 and the propagation directions of the second polarized light 120 reflected by the first reflecting unit 221 are parallel and opposite; the second polarized light 120 reflected by the first reflecting unit 221 passes through the polarization beam splitting unit 211 and then enters the polarization adjusting unit 222.
Exemplarily, the second polarized light 120 in the incident light passes through the polarization beam splitting unit 211 and then reaches the first reflection unit 221, and then returns to the polarization beam splitting unit 211, the optical path of the second polarized light 120 is simple, the structure of the optical device is simple, an additional optical element is not needed to adjust the optical path, and the cost of the optical device is reduced under the condition of reducing the volume of the optical device.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the second polarized light 120 may be vertically incident to the first reflection unit 211, and vertically incident to the first reflection unit 211 may be vertically emitted from the first reflection unit according to a reflection law, so as to ensure that propagation directions of the second polarized light 120 incident to the first reflection unit 221 and the second polarized light 120 reflected by the first reflection unit 221 are parallel and opposite, ensure that a light path of the second polarized light 120 is simple, and reduce a cost of the optical device under a condition of reducing a volume of the optical device.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the polarization adjustment unit may include a quarter wave plate.
Specifically, the polarization direction of the second polarized light 120 is adjusted to 45 ° after passing through the quarter-wave plate, and is adjusted to circularly polarized light from linearly polarized light, and is adjusted to 45 ° again after returning to the quarter-wave plate through the second reflection unit 223, and is adjusted to linearly polarized light from circularly polarized light, and is adjusted to 90 ° altogether, compared with the original second polarized light, the polarization direction of the adjusted polarization adjustment light 130 is different by 90 °, and the polarization direction of the adjusted second polarized light is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarized light. The light 130 is adjusted to be reflected out of the optical device on the surface of the polarization beam splitting unit 211, that is, the light which is not emitted out of the optical device in the incident light is emitted out of the optical device at this time, so that the light emitting efficiency of the incident light can be improved. When the optical device is applied to the display device, the light emitting efficiency of the display device can be improved, and the light emitting brightness of the display device is improved.
Furthermore, the quarter-wave plate is small in size, so that the size of the optical device can be further reduced, and the integration level of the optical device is improved.
On the basis of the above embodiments, increasing the emergence rate of incident light can improve the performance of the display device, and in order to increase the display degree of the display device, it is also necessary to reduce the influence of external ambient light.
For example, the ambient light filtering structure may prevent a portion of ambient light from entering or exiting, and absorb or block the ambient light at a certain optical path stage.
Specifically, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the ambient light filtering structure 230 includes a right-handed circular polarizer 231; part of the ambient light incident on the optical device 2 is adjusted by the polarization adjusting unit 222 and absorbed by the right-handed circular polarizer 231.
Illustratively, the ambient light includes s-polarized light and p-polarized light, the ambient light may be incident on the optical device 2 at any angle, and the ambient light incident on the optical device 2 may include the ambient light 300 directed to the polarization splitting unit 211 and the ambient light 301 directed to the polarization adjusting unit 222. After the ambient light 300 reaches the polarization beam splitting unit 211, a part of the ambient light 310 is reflected by the polarization beam splitting unit 211, and a part of the ambient light 320 passes through the polarization beam splitting unit 211, it should be noted that, here, only the reflected light and the refracted light are both partially polarized light in a general case for example, and the possibility that the reflected light and/or the refracted light are both polarized light in a special case is not excluded. The reflected ambient light 300 is converted into ambient light 310 and then transmitted to the polarization adjustment unit 222, and the refracted ambient light 320 is transmitted through the polarization splitting unit 211, reflected by the first reflection unit 221, and then transmitted to the polarization adjustment unit 222. The polarization adjustment unit 222 can adjust the polarization direction of the polarized light, and for the example that the polarization adjustment unit is a quarter-wave plate, the s-polarized light will become left-handed circularly polarized light after passing through the quarter-wave plate, and the p-polarized light will become right-handed circularly polarized light after passing through the quarter-wave plate. S-polarized light in the ambient light 301, the ambient light 310, and the ambient light 320 may be changed into left-handed circularly polarized light after passing through the quarter-wave plate, the left-handed circularly polarized light may not pass through the right-handed circularly polarizing plate 231, and the s-polarized light in the ambient light 301, the ambient light 310, and the ambient light 320 may not reach the second reflecting unit 223. P-polarized light in the ambient light 301, the ambient light 310 and the ambient light 320 can be changed into right-handed circularly polarized light after passing through the quarter-wave plate, the right-handed circularly polarized light can smoothly pass through the right-handed circularly polarizing plate 231 to reach the second reflecting unit 223, the reflected right-handed circularly polarized light passes through the quarter-wave plate again, the p-polarized light passes through the quarter-wave plate twice, the polarization direction is rotated by 90 degrees, and the p-polarized light is changed into s-polarized light. Therefore, when the ambient light filtering structure 230 includes the right-handed circular polarizer 231, s-polarized light in the ambient light incident to the optical device 2 is absorbed by the right-handed circular polarizer 231, and p-polarized light in the ambient light incident to the optical device 2 is converted into s-polarized light to be emitted, and the ambient light filtering structure 230 provided with the right-handed circular polarizer 231 can filter the s-polarized light of the ambient light incident to the optical device 2, thereby reducing the ratio of the ambient light in the emitted light of the optical device. When the optical device is applied to a display device, the display contrast of the display device can be improved.
It should be noted that, in order to clearly illustrate how the optical device filters the ambient light, fig. 6 only exemplarily shows a schematic optical path propagation diagram of the ambient light in the optical device, and does not show a schematic optical path propagation diagram of the incident light in the optical device, and the schematic optical path propagation diagram of the incident light may specifically refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3, which is not described herein again.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the ambient light filtering structure 230 may further include a polarizer 232 and a right-handed circular polarizer 231, the polarizer 232 is located on the light exit side of the optical device 2, and the polarization direction of the polarizer 232 is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarized light, so as to ensure that the first polarized light is smoothly emitted. The ambient light includes a first ambient light and a second ambient light, and the first ambient light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second ambient light. The polarizer 232 is used to block the first ambient light or the second ambient light with a polarization direction different from that of the polarizer 232 from being incident on the optical device; the second ambient light or the first ambient light incident to the optical device 2 is adjusted by the polarization adjustment unit 220 and then absorbed by the right-handed circular polarizer 231.
For example, the first polarized light may be s-polarized light, in which the polarization direction of the polarizer 232 is s-polarized, only s-polarized light of the ambient light can pass through the polarizer 232 and enter the optical device 2, and the ambient light entering the optical device 2 may include the ambient light 400 that is emitted to the polarization splitting unit 211 and the ambient light 401 that is emitted to the polarization adjusting unit 222. After the ambient light 400 reaches the polarization beam splitting unit 211, a part of the ambient light 410 is reflected by the polarization beam splitting unit 211, and a part of the ambient light 420 is transmitted through the polarization beam splitting unit 211, which should be noted that this is only illustrated by a general case, and it is not excluded that when the incident angle satisfies brewster angle i in the case of using the polarization beam splitting unit 211 as shown in fig. 5, the ambient light 400 including only s-polarized light is totally reflected, and no s-polarized light is transmitted through the polarization beam splitting unit. The reflected ambient light 400 is converted into ambient light 410, which is then transmitted to the polarization adjustment unit 222, and the refracted ambient light 420 is transmitted through the polarization beam splitting unit 211, reflected by the first reflection unit 221, and then transmitted to the polarization adjustment unit 222. The ambient light 401, the ambient light 410, and the ambient light 420 emitted to the polarization adjustment unit 222 only include s-polarized light, the polarization direction of the s-polarized light changes after passing through the polarization adjustment unit 222, and the s-polarized light becomes left-handed circularly polarized light, the left-handed circularly polarized light cannot pass through the right-handed circularly polarizer 231, and the ambient light 401, the ambient light 410, and the ambient light 420 cannot reach the second reflection unit 223.
For example, the first ambient light may be an s-polarized light ray of the ambient light, the second ambient light may be a p-polarized light ray of the ambient light, and the polarization direction of the first ambient light is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer 232, the polarization direction of the second ambient light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer 232, and the polarizer 232 may block the second ambient light from being incident on the optical device. The first ambient light incident into the optical device is converted into left circularly polarized light after reaching the polarization adjustment unit 222, the left circularly polarized light cannot pass through the right circularly polarizer 231, and the first ambient light incident into the optical device 2 is absorbed by the right circularly polarizer 231. For example, the first ambient light may also be a p-polarized light ray in the ambient light, the second ambient light may be an s-polarized light ray in the ambient light, in which case the polarization direction of the first ambient light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer 232, the polarization direction of the second ambient light is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer 232, and the polarizer 232 may block the first ambient light from being incident on the optical device 2. The second ambient light incident into the optical device is converted into left-circularly polarized light after reaching the polarization adjustment unit 222, the left-circularly polarized light cannot pass through the right-circularly polarizing plate 231, and the second ambient light incident into the optical device 2 is absorbed by the right-circularly polarizing plate 231
In summary, the optical device provided by the embodiment of the invention can prevent p-polarized light in ambient light from entering the optical device through the polarizer, absorb s-polarized light entering the optical device through the right-handed circular polarizer, and effectively reduce or eliminate the proportion of ambient light in the emergent light of the optical device by using the ambient light filtering structure to prevent and absorb the ambient light. When the optical device is applied to a display device, the display contrast of the display device can be further improved.
Optionally, on the basis of the above embodiment, the optical device may further include a light collimating structure (not shown in the figure) located on the incident light propagation path, where the light collimating structure is configured to collimate the incident light, and the incident light is incident to the light adjusting structure after passing through the light collimating structure.
Illustratively, the light collimating structure can collimate the incident light, the collimated incident light can be incident on the polarization beam splitting cell at the same angle, and illustratively, the collimated incident light can be both incident on the polarization beam splitting cell at brewster's angle, and then the reflected light rays are both first polarized light rays, which exit the optical device through the polarizer. If the optical device does not have a light collimating structure in the propagation path of the incident light, the incident light diverges and cannot be incident on the polarization splitting unit at the same angle. Therefore, the light collimation structure is arranged on the incident light propagation path, so that the incident light can be incident to the polarization splitting unit at the Brewster angle, the optical loss of the incident light is reduced, and the emergence rate of the incident light is improved.
Optionally, fig. 8 is a schematic view of an application scenario of the optical device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, an included angle α between the light emitting surface 240 of the optical device and the propagation direction of the first polarized light 110 satisfies 0 ° < α ≦ 90 °.
For example, the angle α between the light emitting surface 240 of the optical device and the propagation direction of the first polarized light 110 may be designed according to the actual usage scenario of the optical device 2, so that the propagation direction of the first polarized light 110 exiting the optical device is within the visual range of human eyes. For example, the display screen of the cab is not generally vertically disposed, as shown in fig. 8, an included angle α between the light emitting surface 240 of the optical device 2 and the propagation direction of the first polarized light 110 may be adjusted, so that the first polarized light emitted from the optical device enters the sight range of the driver as much as possible.
In summary, the optical device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can satisfy different application scenarios by adjusting the included angle α between the light emitting surface of the optical device and the propagation direction of the first polarized light through the adjusting unit, so as to improve the practicability of the optical device.
Next, the positional relationship of the different optical elements in the optical device will be described in detail in a possible embodiment.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 6, and fig. 7, the first reflection unit 221 may be located on one side of the polarization beam splitting structure 210, the polarization adjustment unit 222 is located on one side of the polarization beam splitting structure 210 away from the first reflection unit 211, and the second reflection unit 223 is located on one side of the polarization adjustment unit 222 away from the polarization beam splitting structure 210.
For example, the first reflection unit 211 and the polarization adjustment unit 222 may be respectively located at two sides of the polarization splitting structure 210, the polarization adjustment unit 222 and the second reflection unit 223 are located at one side of the polarization splitting structure, and the second reflection unit 223 is farther from the polarization splitting structure 210. Therefore, the size of the optical device can be reduced, the integration level of the optical device is improved, the optical path can be shortened, the loss in the light transmission process is reduced, and the light emitting efficiency of the optical device is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the polarization beam splitting structure 210 further includes a light adjusting unit 212, and the light adjusting unit 212 is located on a side of the polarization beam splitting unit 211 away from the first reflection unit 221, and is located on a side of the polarization beam splitting unit 222 close to the polarization beam splitting unit 211.
Illustratively, the polarization beam splitting structure 210 includes a polarization beam splitting unit 211 and a light adjusting unit 212, the light adjusting unit 212 is located between the polarization beam splitting unit 211 and the polarization adjusting unit 222, and the light adjusting unit 212 can adjust the light angle between the polarization beam splitting unit 211 and the polarization adjusting unit 222, so as to adjust the relatively dispersed light into relatively concentrated light, which is beneficial to further reducing the size of the optical device and improving the integration level of the device.
Further, with continued reference to fig. 6 and 7, the optical device 2 further includes an ambient light filtering structure 230, the ambient light filtering structure 230 including a right-handed circular polarizer 231; the right-handed circular polarizer 231 is located on a side of the polarization adjustment unit 222 away from the polarization beam splitting structure 211, and is located on a side of the second reflection unit 223 close to the polarization adjustment unit 222.
Illustratively, the right-handed circular polarizer 231 is located between the polarization adjustment unit 222 and the second reflection unit 223, and can absorb s-polarized light in the ambient light, thereby effectively reducing reflection of the ambient light; and the right-handed circular polarizer 231 is arranged between the polarization adjusting unit 222 and the second reflecting unit 223, so that the shortest optical path can be ensured, the loss in the light transmission process can be reduced, and the light extraction efficiency of the optical device can be improved.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display apparatus, and fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the display apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention, where the display apparatus 1 includes the optical device 2, and further includes a display panel 3, the display panel 3 is used for emitting incident light, the display panel 3 includes a light emitting element 31 for emitting incident light, the light emitting element 31 is located on a side of the polarization beam splitting structure 210 close to the second reflection unit 223, and the light emitting element 31 is located on a side of the second reflection unit 223 close to the polarization beam splitting structure 210.
The optical device 2 is the optical device provided in any of the above embodiments, and therefore has the same beneficial effects as the above optical device, and the same points can be referred to the description of the above embodiments of the optical device, and are not repeated herein.
Illustratively, the display panel 3 includes the light emitting element 31, the light emitted by the light emitting element 31 is the above incident light, the light emitting element 31 is disposed on a side away from the first reflecting unit 221, and the polarization adjusting unit 222 is further disposed on a side away from the second reflecting unit 223, that is, the display panel 3 is disposed between the polarization splitting unit 211 and the polarization adjusting unit 222, as shown in fig. 9, so as to ensure that the optical path of the incident light is shortest, the optical loss is small, and the light emitting efficiency of the display device is high.
Further, the display panel may include an organic light emitting diode display panel or a micro light emitting diode display panel, which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
The display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be the display device shown in fig. 9, and may also be applied to any product with a display function, including but not limited to the following categories: the touch screen display system comprises a television, a notebook computer, a desktop display, a tablet computer, a digital camera, an intelligent bracelet, intelligent glasses, a vehicle-mounted display, medical equipment, industrial control equipment, a touch interaction terminal and the like, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited in this respect.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. An optical device comprising a polarization splitting structure and a polarization modifying structure;
the polarization light splitting structure comprises a polarization light splitting unit, the polarization light splitting unit is used for splitting incident light to obtain a first polarized light and a second polarized light, and the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are vertical; the first polarized light ray is emitted along a first direction, and the second polarized light ray passes through the polarization light splitting unit along a second direction;
the polarization adjusting structure comprises a first reflecting unit, a polarization adjusting unit and a second reflecting unit, the second polarized light sequentially passes through the first reflecting unit, the polarization adjusting unit, the second reflecting unit and the polarization adjusting unit to form polarization adjusting light, and the polarization direction of the polarization adjusting light is the same as that of the first polarized light; the polarization adjusting light is reflected by the polarization light splitting unit and then is emitted.
2. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the polarization beam splitting structure further comprises a light ray adjusting unit, and the light ray adjusting unit and the polarization beam splitting unit are sequentially located on a propagation path of the incident light;
the light ray adjusting unit is used for adjusting the incident light to be incident to the polarization light splitting unit at a Brewster angle;
the polarization light splitting unit is used for splitting the incident light to form the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
3. The optical device according to claim 2, wherein the polarization splitting unit comprises at least two sets of stacked dielectric layer groups, each set of the dielectric layer groups comprises a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, which are stacked, and the refractive indexes of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are different;
in any two groups of the dielectric layer groups, the refractive index of the first dielectric layer is the same, the refractive index of the second dielectric layer is the same, and the refractive index of the second dielectric layer is the same as the refractive index of the propagation medium before the incident light enters the polarization beam splitting unit.
4. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the propagation directions of the second polarized light incident to the first reflecting unit and the second polarized light reflected by the first reflecting unit are parallel and opposite;
the second polarized light reflected by the first reflection unit is incident to the polarization adjustment unit after passing through the polarization beam splitting unit.
5. The optical device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second polarized light is incident perpendicularly to the first reflective element.
6. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the polarization adjustment unit comprises a quarter wave plate.
7. The optical device of claim 1, further comprising an ambient light filtering structure for filtering at least a portion of ambient light exiting the optical device.
8. The optical device of claim 7, wherein the ambient light filtering structure comprises a right-handed circular polarizer;
and part of the ambient light incident to the optical device is absorbed by the right-handed circular polarizer after being adjusted by the polarization adjusting unit.
9. The optical device according to claim 7, wherein the ambient light filtering structure comprises a polarizer and a right-handed circular polarizer, the polarizer is located on the light exit side of the optical device, and the polarization direction of the polarizer is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarized light;
the ambient light comprises first ambient light and second ambient light, and the polarization direction of the first ambient light is vertical to that of the second ambient light;
the polarizer is used for blocking the first ambient light or the second ambient light with the polarization direction different from that of the polarizer from being incident on the optical device;
the second ambient light or the first ambient light incident to the optical device is absorbed by the right-handed circular polarizer after being adjusted by the polarization adjustment unit.
10. The optical device of claim 1, further comprising a light collimating structure positioned in the path of travel of incident light;
the light collimation structure is used for collimating the incident light, and the incident light is incident to the light adjustment structure after passing through the light collimation structure.
11. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein an included angle α between the light-emitting surface of the optical device and the propagation direction of the first polarized light satisfies 0 ° < α ≦ 90 °.
12. The optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first reflection unit is located on a side of the polarization splitting structure, the polarization adjustment unit is located on a side of the polarization splitting structure away from the first reflection unit, and the second reflection unit is located on a side of the polarization adjustment unit away from the polarization splitting structure.
13. The optical device according to claim 12, wherein the polarization splitting structure further comprises a light ray adjusting unit, the light ray adjusting unit is located on a side of the polarization splitting unit away from the first reflecting unit, and is located on a side of the polarization adjusting unit close to the polarization splitting unit.
14. The optical device of claim 12, further comprising an ambient light filtering structure comprising a right-handed circular polarizer;
the right-handed circular polarizer is positioned on one side of the polarization adjusting unit, which is far away from the polarization light splitting structure, and is positioned on one side of the second reflecting unit, which is close to the polarization adjusting unit.
15. A display device comprising the optical device of any one of claims 1-14, and further comprising a display panel;
the display panel is used for emitting the incident light, the display panel comprises a light emitting element for emitting the incident light, the light emitting element is positioned on one side of the polarization light splitting structure close to the second reflection unit, and the light emitting element is positioned on one side of the second reflection unit close to the polarization light splitting structure.
16. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the display panel comprises an organic light emitting diode display panel or a micro light emitting diode display panel.
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Application publication date: 20210910 |