CN113374193B - Non-column rotary stair structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Non-column rotary stair structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113374193B CN113374193B CN202110781884.9A CN202110781884A CN113374193B CN 113374193 B CN113374193 B CN 113374193B CN 202110781884 A CN202110781884 A CN 202110781884A CN 113374193 B CN113374193 B CN 113374193B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
- E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
- E04F11/022—Stairways; Layouts thereof characterised by the supporting structure
- E04F11/035—Stairways consisting of a plurality of assembled modular parts without further support
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
- E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
- E04F2011/0203—Miscellaneous features of stairways not otherwise provided for
- E04F2011/0205—Stairways characterised by the use of specific materials for the supporting structure of the treads
- E04F2011/0209—Stairways characterised by the use of specific materials for the supporting structure of the treads mainly of metal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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Abstract
A non-column spiral stair structure and a construction method thereof comprise a spiral stair; the spiral rotary stair is spiral, and the bottom of the spiral rotary stair is provided with a stair foundation; the lower end of the spiral stair is provided with a vertical connecting section, and the vertical connecting section is connected with a stair foundation through a bottom connecting piece; the upper end of the spiral stair is provided with a horizontal connecting section, and the horizontal connecting section is connected with the floor beam through a top connecting piece; the rotary stairs are disconnected at the positions corresponding to the floors of the building to form a passage opening; an interlayer connecting section is arranged at the position of the passage opening and is connected with the floor beam through an interlayer connecting piece; the rotary stair comprises a group of rotary stair sections, and adjacent rotary stair sections are welded; the rotary stair section comprises an outer bending side wall, an inner bending side wall, a bottom plate and a step plate; the outer bending side wall and the inner bending side wall are both box-shaped structures. The invention solves the technical problems that the traditional spiral stair is slow in installation progress during construction, and the processing, positioning, installation precision and construction quality of the spiral stair cannot be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a non-column spiral stair structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
A double-curved surface concave-shaped box-shaped section decoration-free steel structure rotary stair is arranged on the east side of a certain project. The steel structure spiral stair is positioned at the axes of 30-32 and the axes of H-1/L in the project. The stair has the elevation range of-6.050 to 19.00, is wholly spiral in appearance and complex in spatial structure relationship, and belongs to a spatial structure. The diameter of the structural skin is 4.15m, and the width of the ladder section skin is 1.8m. The spiral stair structure system in the project adopts a concave box-shaped section welded by steel plates, and when the spiral stair is constructed, the following problems are easy to occur if a traditional method is adopted: the installation progress of the spiral stair is slow, the machining and positioning installation precision of the spiral stair cannot be guaranteed, and the construction quality of the spiral stair cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-column spiral stair structure and a construction method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that the installation progress is slow, and the processing, positioning, installation precision and construction quality of the spiral stair cannot be guaranteed in the traditional spiral stair construction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A pillarless spiral staircase structure disposed on the exterior of a building; comprises a rotary stair; the whole spiral stair is provided with a stair foundation at the bottom of the spiral stair; the lower end of the spiral stair is provided with a vertical connecting section, and the vertical connecting section is connected with a stair foundation through a bottom connecting piece; the upper end of the spiral stair is provided with a horizontal connecting section, and the horizontal connecting section is connected with a floor beam of a floor corresponding to a building through a top connecting piece; the rotary stair is disconnected at the position corresponding to the floor of the building to form a passage opening; interlayer connecting sections are arranged at the positions of the passage openings and are connected with floor beams of floors corresponding to buildings through interlayer connecting pieces; the spiral stair comprises a group of rotary stair sections, and adjacent rotary stair sections are connected in a welding mode; the rotary stair section comprises an outer bending side wall, an inner bending side wall, a bottom plate and a step plate; the outer bending and twisting side wall and the inner bending and twisting side wall are both box-shaped structures; the bottom plate is connected between the bottom parts of the outer bending side wall and the inner bending side wall; the step plate is connected between the outer bending side wall and the lower part of the inner bending side wall, and a horizontal support plate and a vertical support plate are arranged in a space between the step plate and the bottom plate; the bottom connecting piece comprises a first embedded plate and a first embedded rib; the first buried plate is buried at the top of the stair foundation and is welded with the lower end of the vertical connecting section; the first buried ribs are buried in the stair foundation at intervals, and the upper ends of the first buried ribs are connected with the first buried plate; the top connecting piece comprises a first side connecting plate and a first middle connecting plate; the two first side connecting plates are respectively clamped at two sides of the horizontal connecting section, one end of each first side connecting plate is inserted into the floor beam and is welded with the floor beam, and the other end of each first side connecting plate is welded with the side plate of the horizontal connecting section; the first middle connecting plate is arranged between the two first side connecting plates, one end of the first middle connecting plate is inserted into the floor beam and is welded with the floor beam, and the other end of the first middle connecting plate is inserted into the horizontal connecting section and is connected with a first reinforcing plate arranged inside the horizontal connecting section through a first connecting bolt; the interlayer connecting section comprises a second side connecting plate and a second middle connecting plate; the two second side connecting plates are respectively clamped at two sides of the interlayer connecting section, one end of each second side connecting plate is welded with the floor beam, and the other end of each second side connecting plate is welded with the side plate of the interlayer connecting section; the second middle connecting plate is arranged at a position between the two second side connecting plates, one end of the second middle connecting plate is connected with the floor beam in a welding mode, and the other end of the second middle connecting plate is inserted into the interlayer connecting section and is connected with a second reinforcing plate arranged inside the interlayer connecting section through a second connecting bolt.
Preferably, the height of the spiral stairs is 20m to 30m, the diameter of the spiral stairs is 4m to 5m, and the width of the spiral stairs is 1.8m to 2m.
Preferably, the outer twisted side wall comprises a first outer skin plate, a first inner skin plate and a first clapboard; the first outer skin plate and the first inner skin plate are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the distance between the first outer skin plate and the first inner skin plate is 120mm-150mm; the first partition board is horizontally connected between the first outer leather board and the first inner leather board; the inner bending side wall comprises a second outer skin plate, a second inner skin plate and a second clapboard; the second outer skin plate and the second inner skin plate are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the distance between the second outer skin plate and the second inner skin plate is 120mm-150mm; the second partition board is horizontally connected between the second outer leather board and the second inner leather board.
Preferably, the side walls of the horizontal connecting section, the vertical connecting section and the interlayer connecting section are all box-shaped structures; the horizontal connecting section and the upper end of the spiral stair are integrally formed, and a first rib plate is arranged at the transition position of the horizontal connecting section and the spiral stair; the interlayer connecting section and the passage opening of the spiral stair are integrally formed, and a second rib plate is arranged at the transition position of the interlayer connecting section and the spiral stair; the vertical connecting section and the lower end of the spiral stair are integrally formed, and a plain concrete layer is arranged on the outer surface of the vertical connecting section.
Preferably, the first connecting bolts are provided with a group and are arranged on the first middle connecting plate and the first reinforcing plate in a matrix shape; the distance between the first connecting bolts adjacent in the transverse direction ranges from 70mm to 90mm, and the distance between the first connecting bolts adjacent in the vertical direction ranges from 170mm to 190mm; the second connecting bolts are arranged in a group and are arranged on the second middle connecting plate and the second reinforcing plate in a matrix shape; the distance between the horizontally adjacent second connecting bolts is 70mm to 90mm, and the distance between the vertically adjacent second connecting bolts is 170mm to 190mm.
Preferably, when the floor beam is positioned below the ground, the floor beam is a reinforced concrete beam; connecting components are embedded in the floor beam and at positions corresponding to the interlayer connecting sections; the connecting assembly comprises a second embedded plate and a second embedded rib; the two second embedded plates are respectively embedded on two side surfaces of the floor beam; the second embedded ribs are arranged in the floor beam at intervals, and two ends of each second embedded rib are respectively connected with the second embedded plates on two sides; the interlayer connecting piece is connected with the connecting component in a welding mode.
Preferably, when the floor beam is positioned above the ground, the floor beam is a section steel beam; the cross section of the floor beam is I-shaped, one end of the top connecting piece or the interlayer connecting piece is inserted between the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate of the floor beam of the corresponding floor, and the floor beam penetrates through the web plate; and the top connecting piece or the interlayer connecting piece is connected with the floor beam in a welding manner.
A construction method of a non-column spiral stair structure comprises the following steps.
Step one, determining the subsection position of the spiral stair and the connection point position of a lifting lug in hoisting.
And step two, the outline and the line type of the outer contour of the spiral stair are found accurately, and modeling is started after the examination and the verification.
And step three, performing three-dimensional modeling and drawing output by adopting modeling software.
Step four, processing an outer bending side wall, an inner bending side wall, a bottom plate and a step plate of the rotary stair section: the method comprises the steps of lofting and blanking of the component, flattening and straightening of the component, machining of a bent torsion plate and welding of a rotary stair section.
Marking, measuring and checking: marking out a butt joint mark among the sections, and arranging a field installation butt joint line at the position of a welding line; when the on-site positioning is carried out, the positioning is carried out according to the butt joint line, and the integral positioning and mounting precision is ensured.
And step six, performing precision analysis and error correction on the processing and manufacturing of the rotary stair sections by adopting a three-dimensional scanning technology, and ensuring the processing precision.
And step seven, mounting the rotary stair sections, and finishing construction after the mounting is finished.
Preferably, the precision of the connection position of the spiral stairs and the building and the connection precision between the spiral stair sections are strictly controlled when three-dimensional modeling is carried out in the step three; before drawing, the coordinates of each control point of the twist section of the spiral stair are accurately provided, and the expansion drawings of the outer twist side wall, the inner twist side wall, the bottom plate, the step plate, the horizontal support plate and the vertical support plate, the wire frame model for manufacturing the sample box and the coordinate control point diagram are provided.
Preferably, before lofting and blanking of the components, the rotary stair sections are split into a group of semi-circular pipe sections and a group of bent and twisted plates, the overall precision is ensured through the processing precision of each component, the bent and twisted components are precisely lofted by a computer, and then numerical control typesetting and cutting are adopted; cutting the regular-shaped component by adopting a numerical control straight bar machine; and cutting the irregular-shaped component by using a plasma cutting machine, cutting a groove of the component by using a semi-automatic cutting machine, and polishing smoothly after cutting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects.
1. The structure of the pillarless spiral stair is a hyperboloid concave-shaped box-section steel structure spiral stair, and the structure is novel, concise and attractive, and can be used for evacuation; in addition, the invention omits the supporting structure of the middle upright post of the conventional spiral stair by the structure of the box-shaped section and the structural design of the whole structure of the spiral stair, so that the building effect is better and smoother; the technical problems that the installation progress of the spiral stair is slow in construction and a large amount of manpower and cost are wasted in construction of the middle upright post in the traditional construction method are solved.
2. The concave-shaped cross section design of the pillarless spiral stair structure eliminates the procedure of additionally arranging a metal railing at the later stage, and the two side walls in the shape of the concave shape are used as the body protecting fence plates, so that the structure is more harmonious with the architectural style; meanwhile, the spiral stair has no outer coating decoration in the later period, and the surface of the steel structure is coated with putty and outdoor finish, so that the spiral stair has high requirements on the smoothness of base material processing and the welding quality of welding seams; through the treatment of the outsourcing-free decoration, the motion curve of the steel structure is shown, excessive decoration is avoided, and the theme of the low-carbon environmental-friendly era is responded.
3. The spiral stair is formed by splicing the rotary stair sections, the positions of the rotary stair corresponding to each floor are connected with the floor beams by the interlayer connecting pieces, and the adjacent rotary stair sections are connected by welding.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pillarless spiral staircase structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the vertical section of the rotary stair sections of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side structure view of a connection node between an interlayer connection section and a building when a floor beam is a steel beam according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a connection node between an interlayer connection section and a floor beam according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the vertical connecting section and the stair foundation in the invention.
Fig. 6 is a side view schematically showing a connection node of the horizontal connection section to the building according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a connection node of a horizontal connection section with a building according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of a connection node between an interlayer connection section and a building when a floor beam of the present invention is a concrete beam.
Reference numerals are as follows: 1-building, 2-rotary stair, 2.1-outer bending and twisting side wall, 2.1.1-first outer skin plate, 2.1.2-first inner skin plate, 2.1.3-first clapboard, 2.2-inner bending and twisting side wall, 2.2.1-second outer skin plate, 2.2.2-second inner skin plate, 2.2.3-second clapboard, 2.3-bottom plate, 2.4-step plate, 2.5-horizontal supporting plate, 2.6-vertical supporting plate, 3-stair foundation, 4-vertical connecting section, 5-bottom connecting piece, 5.1-first embedded plate, 5.2-first embedded rib, 6-horizontal connecting section, 7-top connecting piece, 7.1-first side connecting plate, 7.2-first middle connecting plate, 7.3-first connecting bolt, 8-floor beam, 9-passage opening, 10-interlayer connecting section, 11-interlayer concrete connecting piece, 11.1-first side connecting plate, 11.2-second side connecting plate, 11.17-second embedded rib plate, 11.2-first middle connecting plate, 11.3-second embedded rib plate, 13-second embedded rib plate, 16-second embedded rib plate, 6-horizontal connecting plate, 6-top connecting plate, 11.1-second embedded rib plate, 11.17-second embedded rib plate, and 13-second embedded rib plate.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the structure of the pillarless spiral staircase is provided outside the building 1; comprises a rotary stair 2; the whole spiral stair 2 is provided with a stair foundation 3 at the bottom of the spiral stair 2; the lower end of the spiral stair 2 is provided with a vertical connecting section 4, and the vertical connecting section 4 is connected with a stair foundation 3 through a bottom connecting piece 5; the upper end of the spiral stair 2 is provided with a horizontal connecting section 6, and the horizontal connecting section 6 is connected with a floor beam 8 of a floor corresponding to the building 1 through a top connecting piece 7; the rotary stairs 2 are disconnected at the positions corresponding to the floors of the building 1 to form a passage opening 9; an interlayer connecting section 10 is arranged at the position of the passage opening 9, and the interlayer connecting section 10 is connected with the floor beam 8 of the floor corresponding to the building 1 through an interlayer connecting piece 11; the rotary stair 2 comprises a group of rotary stair sections, and adjacent rotary stair sections are connected in a welding mode; the rotary stair section comprises an outer bending side wall 2.1, an inner bending side wall 2.2, a bottom plate 2.3 and a step plate 2.4; the outer bending side wall 2.1 and the inner bending side wall 2.2 are both box-shaped structures; the bottom plate 2.3 is connected between the bottom of the outer bending side wall 2.1 and the bottom of the inner bending side wall 2.2; the step plate 2.4 is connected between the lower parts of the outer twisted side wall 2.1 and the inner twisted side wall 2.2, and a horizontal support plate 2.5 and a vertical support plate 2.6 are arranged in a space between the step plate 2.4 and the bottom plate 2.3; the bottom connecting piece 5 comprises a first embedded plate 5.1 and a first embedded rib 5.2; the first embedded plate 5.1 is embedded at the top of the stair foundation 3 and is welded with the lower end of the vertical connecting section 4; the first buried ribs 5.2 are divided into a group and buried in the stair foundation 3 at intervals, and the upper ends of the first buried ribs 5.2 are connected with the first buried plate 5.1; the top connecting piece 7 comprises a first side connecting plate 7.1 and a first middle connecting plate 7.2; two first side connecting plates 7.1 are respectively clamped at two sides of the horizontal connecting section 6, one end of each first side connecting plate 7.1 is inserted into the floor beam 8 and is connected with the floor beam 8 in a welding manner, and the other end of each first side connecting plate 7.1 is connected with a side plate of the horizontal connecting section 6 in a welding manner; the first middle connecting plate 7.2 is arranged between the two first side connecting plates 7.1, one end of the first middle connecting plate 7.2 is inserted into the floor beam 8 and is welded with the floor beam 8, the other end of the first middle connecting plate 7.2 is inserted into the horizontal connecting section 6 and is connected with a first reinforcing plate 12 arranged inside the horizontal connecting section 6 through a first connecting bolt 7.3; the interlayer connecting section 10 comprises a second side connecting plate 11.1 and a second middle connecting plate 11.2; two second side connecting plates 11.1 are respectively clamped at two sides of the interlayer connecting section 10, one end of each second side connecting plate 11.1 is connected with the floor beam 8 in a welding mode, and the other end of each second side connecting plate 11.1 is connected with a side plate of the interlayer connecting section 10 in a welding mode; the second middle connecting plate 11.2 is arranged between the two second side connecting plates 11.1, one end of the second middle connecting plate 11.2 is connected with the floor beam 8 in a welding mode, and the other end of the second middle connecting plate 11.2 is inserted into the interlayer connecting section 10 and is connected with a second reinforcing plate 13 arranged inside the interlayer connecting section 10 through a second connecting bolt 11.3.
In the embodiment, the height of the spiral stair 2 is 20m to 30m, the diameter of the spiral stair 2 is 4m to 5m, and the width of the spiral stair 2 is 1.8m to 2m.
In this embodiment, the outer twisted side wall 2.1 includes a first outer skin plate 2.1.1, a first inner skin plate 2.1.2, and a first partition plate 2.1.3; the first outer skin plate 2.1.1 and the first inner skin plate 2.1.2 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the distance between the first outer skin plate 2.1.1 and the first inner skin plate 2.1.2 is 120mm to 150mm; the first partition board 2.1.3 is horizontally connected between the first outer skin board 2.1.1 and the first inner skin board 2.1.2; the inner bending and twisting side wall 2.2 comprises a second outer leather plate 2.2.1, a second inner leather plate 2.2.2 and a second partition plate 2.2.3; the second outer skin plate 2.2.1 and the second inner skin plate 2.2.2 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the distance between the second outer skin plate 2.2.1 and the second inner skin plate 2.2.2 is 120mm to 150mm; the second partition 2.2.3 is connected horizontally between the second skin panel 2.2.1 and the second inner skin panel 2.2.2.
In this embodiment, the side walls of the horizontal connecting section 6, the vertical connecting section 4 and the interlayer connecting section 10 are all box-shaped structures; the horizontal connecting section 6 and the upper end of the spiral stair 2 are integrally formed, and a first rib plate 14 is arranged at the transition position of the horizontal connecting section 6 and the spiral stair 2; the interlayer connecting section 10 and the passage opening 9 of the spiral stair 2 are integrally formed, and a second rib plate 15 is arranged at the transition position of the interlayer connecting section 10 and the spiral stair 2; the vertical connecting section 4 and the lower end of the spiral stair 2 are integrally formed, and a plain concrete layer 16 is arranged on the outer surface of the vertical connecting section 4.
In this embodiment, the first connecting bolts 7.3 are provided in a group and arranged on the first intermediate connecting plate 7.2 and the first reinforcing plate 12 in a matrix shape; the distance between the first connecting bolts 7.3 which are adjacent in the transverse direction ranges from 70mm to 90mm, and the distance between the first connecting bolts 7.3 which are adjacent in the vertical direction ranges from 170mm to 190mm; the second connecting bolts 11.3 are provided with a group and are arranged on the second intermediate connecting plate 11.2 and the second reinforcing plate 13 in a matrix shape; the distance between the second connecting bolts 11.3 which are adjacent in the transverse direction ranges from 70mm to 90mm, and the distance between the second connecting bolts 11.3 which are adjacent in the vertical direction ranges from 170mm to 190mm.
In this embodiment, when the floor beam 8 is located below the ground, the floor beam 8 is a reinforced concrete beam; a connecting assembly 17 is embedded in the floor beam 8 at a position corresponding to the interlayer connecting section 10; the connecting component 17 comprises a second embedded plate 17.1 and a second embedded rib 17.2; two second embedded plates 17.1 are respectively embedded on two side surfaces of the floor beam 8; the second embedded ribs 17.2 are arranged in the floor beam 8 at intervals, and two ends of the second embedded ribs 17.2 are respectively connected with the second embedded plates 17.1 on two sides; the interlayer connecting piece 11 is connected with the connecting component 17 in a welding mode.
In this embodiment, when the floor beam 8 is located above the ground, the floor beam 8 is a section steel beam; the cross section of the floor beam 8 is I-shaped, one end of the top connecting piece 7 or the interlayer connecting piece 11 is inserted between the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate of the floor beam 8 of the corresponding floor, and the floor beam 8 penetrates through the web plate; the top connecting piece 7 or the interlayer connecting piece 11 is connected with the floor beam 8 in a welding mode.
In the embodiment, the distance between the step plate 2.4 and the tops of the outer bent side wall 2.1 and the inner bent side wall 2.2 is 1.2m to 1.5m.
In this embodiment, the stair foundation 3 is provided with a hidden beam 18; the lower end of the spiral staircase 2 is connected with a hidden beam 18.
In the embodiment, the height of the horizontal connecting section 6 and the height of the interlayer connecting section 10 are not more than the height of the floor beam 8; the first side connecting plate 7.1 and the first middle connecting plate 7.2 are height-variable plates, the height of the first side connecting plate 7.1 and the first middle connecting plate 7.2 inserted into the middle of the floor beam 8 is matched with the distance between the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate of the floor beam 8, and the height of the first side connecting plate 7.1 and the height of the first middle connecting plate 7.2 inserted into the middle of the horizontal connecting section 6 is smaller than the height of the horizontal connecting section 6.
In this embodiment, the second side connecting plate 11.1 and the second intermediate connecting plate 11.2 are height-variable plates, the height of the second side connecting plate 11.1 and the second intermediate connecting plate 11.2 inserted into the middle of the floor beam 8 is adapted to the distance between the upper and lower flange plates of the floor beam 8, and the height of the second side connecting plate 11.1 and the height of the second intermediate connecting plate 11.2 inserted into the middle of the interlayer connecting section 10 is smaller than the height of the interlayer connecting section 10.
The construction method of the non-column spiral stair structure comprises the following steps.
Step one, determining the subsection position of the spiral stair 2 and the connection point position of a lifting lug in hoisting.
And step two, finding the outline line type of the spiral stair 2, and starting modeling after auditing.
And step three, performing three-dimensional modeling and drawing output by adopting modeling software.
Step four, processing an outer bending and twisting side wall 2.1, an inner bending and twisting side wall 2.2, a bottom plate 2.3 and a step plate 2.4 of the rotary stair section: the method comprises the steps of lofting and blanking of the component, flattening and straightening of the component, machining of a bent torsion plate and welding of a rotary stair section.
Marking, measuring and checking: drawing a matching mark among the sections, and arranging a field installation matching line at the position of a welding line; when in site positioning, the positioning is carried out according to the butt joint line, and the integral positioning and installation precision is ensured.
And step six, performing precision analysis and error correction on the machining and manufacturing of the rotary stair sections by adopting a three-dimensional scanning technology, and ensuring the machining precision.
And step seven, mounting the rotary stair sections, and finishing construction after the mounting is finished.
In the embodiment, the precision of the connection position of the spiral staircase 2 and the building 1 and the connection precision between the spiral staircase sections are strictly controlled when three-dimensional modeling is carried out in the third step; before drawing, the coordinates of each control point of the twist section of the spiral staircase 2 are accurately provided, and the expansion diagrams of the outer twist side wall 2.1, the inner twist side wall 2.2, the bottom plate 2.3, the step plate 2.4, the horizontal support plate 2.5 and the vertical support plate 2.6, the wire frame model for manufacturing the sample box and the coordinate control point diagram are provided.
In the embodiment, before lofting and blanking of the component in the fourth step, the rotary stair section is split into a group of semicircular pipe sections and a group of bending plates, the overall precision is ensured by the processing precision of each component, the bending plates are precisely lofted by a computer, and then are typeset and cut by numerical control; cutting the regular-shaped component by adopting a numerical control straight bar machine; and cutting the irregular-shaped component by using a plasma cutting machine, cutting a groove of the component by using a semi-automatic cutting machine, and polishing smoothly after cutting.
In the embodiment, the rotating stair sections are longitudinally twisted, the first outer skin plate 2.1.1, the first inner skin plate 2.1.2, the first partition plate 2.1.3, the second outer skin plate 2.2.1, the second inner skin plate 2.2.2 and the second partition plate 2.2.3 are all steel plates, and the rotating stair sections are processed by adopting a method of matching a plate bending machine with an oil press; the damage of hot processing forming to the steel plate is reduced as much as possible, when the whole crankling plate cannot be processed into a twisted shape, the crankling plate is processed by adopting a method of segmented cold bending processing forming so as to ensure the integral shape of the plate; when the first outer skin plate 2.1.1, the first inner skin plate 2.1.2, the second outer skin plate 2.2.1 and the second inner skin plate 2.2.2 are pressed and processed by an oil press, a proper fillet of a pressing die is selected to avoid obvious indentation on the surface of the plate, and then the bending plate is formed and pressed according to a processing line on the bending plate; the pressing is carried out gradually from one end to the other end, and the angle template is used for measuring so as to avoid overlarge pressing, and the pressing of the wall board is repeatedly carried out in the method until the forming processing requirement is met.
In this embodiment, the crankle plate must be detected in detail in the processing process and before the box structure is assembled, the detection adopts a special sample box (wooden box) to carry out comprehensive detection, and the sample box carries out 1 according to the actual crankle curve shape of the crankle plate: 1, actually representing the twisted surface of the bending plate in a three-dimensional form, and during detection, only placing a sample box on the processed bending plate, positioning the outline edge line of the bending plate and checking.
The above-described embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive, and other embodiments are possible, and are intended to illustrate the present invention without limiting its scope, and all applications that can be derived from a simple modification of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A pillarless spiral staircase structure, arranged outside a building (1); the method is characterized in that: comprises a rotary stair (2); the whole spiral stair (2) is provided with a stair foundation (3) at the bottom of the spiral stair (2); the lower end of the spiral stair (2) is provided with a vertical connecting section (4), and the vertical connecting section (4) is connected with a stair foundation (3) through a bottom connecting piece (5); the upper end of the spiral stair (2) is provided with a horizontal connecting section (6), and the horizontal connecting section (6) is connected with a floor beam (8) of a floor corresponding to the building (1) through a top connecting piece (7); the rotary stairs (2) are disconnected at the positions corresponding to the floors of the building (1) to form a passage opening (9); an interlayer connecting section (10) is arranged at the position of the passage opening (9), and the interlayer connecting section (10) is connected with a floor beam (8) of a floor corresponding to the building (1) through an interlayer connecting piece (11); the rotary stair (2) comprises a group of rotary stair sections, and the adjacent rotary stair sections are connected in a welding manner; the rotary stair section comprises an outer bending and twisting side wall (2.1), an inner bending and twisting side wall (2.2), a bottom plate (2.3) and a step plate (2.4); the outer bending side wall (2.1) and the inner bending side wall (2.2) are both box-shaped structures; the outer bending side wall (2.1) comprises a first outer skin plate (2.1.1), a first inner skin plate (2.1.2) and a first clapboard (2.1.3); the first outer skin plate (2.1.1) and the first inner skin plate (2.1.2) are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the distance between the first outer skin plate (2.1.1) and the first inner skin plate (2.1.2) is 120mm to 150mm; the first clapboard (2.1.3) is horizontally connected between the first outer skin plate (2.1.1) and the first inner skin plate (2.1.2); the inner bending and twisting side wall (2.2) comprises a second outer leather plate (2.2.1), a second inner leather plate (2.2.2) and a second partition plate (2.2.3); the second outer skin plate (2.2.1) and the second inner skin plate (2.2.2) are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the distance between the second outer skin plate (2.2.1) and the second inner skin plate (2.2.2) is 120mm to 150mm; the second clapboard (2.2.3) is horizontally connected between the second outer leather plate (2.2.1) and the second inner leather plate (2.2.2); the bottom plate (2.3) is connected between the bottoms of the outer crankling side wall (2.1) and the inner crankling side wall (2.2); the step plate (2.4) is connected between the lower parts of the outer twisted side wall (2.1) and the inner twisted side wall (2.2), and a horizontal support plate (2.5) and a vertical support plate (2.6) are arranged in a space between the step plate (2.4) and the bottom plate (2.3); the bottom connecting piece (5) comprises a first embedded plate (5.1) and a first embedded rib (5.2); the first embedded plate (5.1) is embedded at the top of the stair foundation (3) and is welded with the lower end of the vertical connecting section (4); the first buried ribs (5.2) are divided into a group and buried in the stair foundation (3) at intervals, and the upper ends of the first buried ribs (5.2) are connected with the first buried plate (5.1); the top connecting piece (7) comprises a first side connecting plate (7.1) and a first middle connecting plate (7.2); two first side connecting plates (7.1) are respectively clamped at two sides of the horizontal connecting section (6), one end of each first side connecting plate (7.1) is inserted into the floor beam (8) and is welded with the floor beam (8), and the other end of each first side connecting plate (7.1) is welded with the side plate of the horizontal connecting section (6); the first middle connecting plate (7.2) is arranged between the two first side connecting plates (7.1), one end of the first middle connecting plate (7.2) is inserted into the floor beam (8) and is connected with the floor beam (8) in a welding mode, the other end of the first middle connecting plate (7.2) is inserted into the horizontal connecting section (6) and is connected with a first reinforcing plate (12) arranged inside the horizontal connecting section (6) through a first connecting bolt (7.3); the interlayer connecting section (10) comprises a second side connecting plate (11.1) and a second middle connecting plate (11.2); two second side connecting plates (11.1) are respectively clamped at two sides of the interlayer connecting section (10), one end of each second side connecting plate (11.1) is connected with the floor beam (8) in a welding mode, and the other end of each second side connecting plate (11.1) is connected with a side plate of the interlayer connecting section (10) in a welding mode; the second middle connecting plate (11.2) is arranged between the two second side connecting plates (11.1), one end of the second middle connecting plate (11.2) is connected with the floor beam (8) in a welding mode, the other end of the second middle connecting plate (11.2) is inserted into the interlayer connecting section (10) and is connected with a second reinforcing plate (13) arranged inside the interlayer connecting section (10) through a second connecting bolt (11.3); the height of the horizontal connecting section (6) and the height of the interlayer connecting section (10) are not more than the height of the floor beam (8); the height of the first side connecting plate (7.1) and the first middle connecting plate (7.2) inserted into the middle of the floor beam (8) is matched with the distance between the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate of the floor beam (8), and the height of the first side connecting plate (7.1) and the first middle connecting plate (7.2) inserted into the middle of the horizontal connecting section (6) is smaller than that of the horizontal connecting section (6); the height of the second side connecting plate (11.1) and the second middle connecting plate (11.2) inserted into the middle of the floor beam (8) is matched with the distance between the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate of the floor beam (8), and the height of the second side connecting plate (11.1) and the second middle connecting plate (11.2) inserted into the middle of the interlayer connecting section (10) is smaller than the height of the interlayer connecting section (10).
2. The pillarless spiral staircase structure of claim 1, wherein: the height of the spiral stair (2) ranges from 20m to 30m, the diameter of the spiral stair (2) ranges from 4m to 5m, and the width of the spiral stair (2) ranges from 1.8m to 2m.
3. The pillarless spiral staircase structure of claim 1, wherein: the side walls of the horizontal connecting section (6), the vertical connecting section (4) and the interlayer connecting section (10) on two sides are of box-shaped structures; the horizontal connecting section (6) and the upper end of the spiral stair (2) are integrally formed, and a first rib plate (14) is arranged at the transition position of the horizontal connecting section (6) and the spiral stair (2); the interlayer connecting section (10) and the passage opening (9) of the spiral stair (2) are integrally formed, and a second rib plate (15) is arranged at the transition position of the interlayer connecting section (10) and the spiral stair (2); the vertical connecting section (4) and the lower end of the spiral stair (2) are integrally formed, and a plain concrete layer (16) is arranged on the outer surface of the vertical connecting section (4).
4. The pillarless spiral staircase structure of claim 1, wherein: the first connecting bolts (7.3) are provided with a group and are arranged on the first middle connecting plate (7.2) and the first reinforcing plate (12) in a matrix shape; the distance between the horizontally adjacent first connecting bolts (7.3) ranges from 70mm to 90mm, and the distance between the vertically adjacent first connecting bolts (7.3) ranges from 170mm to 190mm; the second connecting bolts (11.3) are provided with a group and are arranged on the second middle connecting plate (11.2) and the second reinforcing plate (13) in a matrix shape; the distance between the second connecting bolts (11.3) which are adjacent in the transverse direction ranges from 70mm to 90mm, and the distance between the second connecting bolts (11.3) which are adjacent in the vertical direction ranges from 170mm to 190mm.
5. The pillarless spiral staircase structure of claim 1, wherein: when the floor beam (8) is positioned below the ground, the floor beam (8) is a reinforced concrete beam; a connecting component (17) is embedded in the floor beam (8) at a position corresponding to the interlayer connecting section (10); the connecting component (17) comprises a second embedded plate (17.1) and a second embedded rib (17.2); two second embedded plates (17.1) are respectively embedded on two side surfaces of the floor beam (8); the second embedded ribs (17.2) are arranged in one group and are arranged in the floor beam (8) at intervals, and two ends of the second embedded ribs (17.2) are respectively connected with the second embedded plates (17.1) on two sides; the interlayer connecting piece (11) is connected with the connecting component (17) in a welding mode.
6. The pillarless spiral staircase structure of claim 1, wherein: when the floor beam (8) is positioned above the ground, the floor beam (8) is a section steel beam; the cross section of the floor beam (8) is I-shaped, one end of the top connecting piece (7) or the interlayer connecting piece (11) is inserted between an upper flange plate and a lower flange plate of the floor beam (8) of the corresponding floor, and the floor beam (8) penetrates through the web plate; and the top connecting piece (7) or the interlayer connecting piece (11) is connected with the floor beam (8) in a welding manner.
7. A method of constructing a pillarless spiral staircase structure according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the sectional position of the spiral stair (2) and the connection point position of a lifting lug in hoisting;
finding the outline line type of the spiral stair (2), and starting modeling after auditing;
step three, carrying out three-dimensional modeling and drawing output by adopting modeling software;
step four, processing an outer bending and twisting side wall (2.1), an inner bending and twisting side wall (2.2), a bottom plate (2.3) and a step plate (2.4) of the rotary stair section: the method comprises the steps of lofting and blanking of components, leveling and straightening of the components, machining of a torsion plate and welding of a rotary stair section;
marking, measuring and checking: marking out a butt joint mark among the sections, and arranging a field installation butt joint line at the position of a welding line; during on-site positioning, positioning is carried out according to the butt joint line, and the positioning and mounting accuracy of the whole body is ensured;
step six, performing precision analysis and error correction on the machining and manufacturing of the rotary stair sections by adopting a three-dimensional scanning technology to ensure the machining precision;
and step seven, mounting the rotary stair sections, and finishing construction after the mounting is finished.
8. The method of constructing a pillarless spiral staircase structure of claim 7, wherein: strictly controlling the precision of the connection position of the rotary stairs (2) and the building (1) and the connection precision between the rotary stair sections during three-dimensional modeling in the third step; before the drawing, the coordinates of each control point of the turn-buckle section of the spiral stair (2) are accurately provided, and the expansion drawing, the wire frame model for manufacturing the sample box and the coordinate control point drawing of the outer turn-buckle side wall (2.1), the inner turn-buckle side wall (2.2), the bottom plate (2.3), the step plate (2.4), the horizontal support plate (2.5) and the vertical support plate (2.6) are provided.
9. The method of constructing a pillarless spiral staircase structure of claim 7, wherein: before lofting and blanking of the components, splitting the rotary stair sections into a group of semi-circular pipe sections and a group of crankle plates, ensuring the overall precision through the processing precision of each component, accurately lofting the crankle components by adopting a computer, and then typesetting and cutting by adopting numerical control; cutting the regular-shaped component by adopting a numerical control straight bar machine; and cutting the irregular-shaped component by using a plasma cutting machine, cutting a groove of the component by using a semi-automatic cutting machine, and polishing smoothly after cutting.
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