CN113372944A - Production method of basic lubricating oil - Google Patents

Production method of basic lubricating oil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113372944A
CN113372944A CN202110608303.1A CN202110608303A CN113372944A CN 113372944 A CN113372944 A CN 113372944A CN 202110608303 A CN202110608303 A CN 202110608303A CN 113372944 A CN113372944 A CN 113372944A
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oil
lubricating oil
buffer tank
product
cutting
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CN202110608303.1A
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CN113372944B (en
Inventor
金碧华
陈佳均
王律
陈成元
朱海毅
李世晴
尤丹红
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Ningbo Bohui Chemical Technology Co ltd
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Ningbo Bohui Chemical Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G7/003Distillation of hydrocarbon oils distillation of lubricating oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G7/06Vacuum distillation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a production method of basic lubricating oil, which comprises the following steps: (a) pretreatment of raw materials: heating, removing impurities and desulfurizing raw material wax oil to obtain waste lubricating oil; (b) and (3) hydroisomerization: the waste lubricating oil enters a hydrogenation device consisting of two reactors connected in series for hydrogenation and isomerization to obtain reaction oil; (c) cutting and fractionating: the reaction oil enters a reduced pressure fractionating tower for fractionation, the fractionated oil is extracted to a buffer tank, the oil in the buffer tank is subjected to gas-liquid exchange to the reduced pressure fractionating tower for cutting, then flows back to the buffer tank, and is repeatedly cut and refluxed at least twice, and finally the oil extracted from the buffer tank is subjected to gas-liquid exchange to obtain a basic lubricating oil product; the method has the advantages that through repeated cutting and fractionation at least twice, all fractions are fully exchanged, the cutting precision of the fractions is improved, and the overlapping part of all fractions in a product is greatly reduced.

Description

Production method of basic lubricating oil
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a production method of basic lubricating oil.
Background
The novel lubricating oil hydrogenation device is newly built in recent years to produce various grades of basic lubricating oil, and the basic lubricating oil has the advantages of narrow range of fraction, stable viscosity, colorlessness, tastelessness, stable flash point and good heat stability. The basic lubricating oil is regarded as a higher value-added product and is highly valued by the petrochemical industry at home and abroad.
The lubricating oil is a petroleum refining product with high added value and is refined by a fuel-lubricating oil type atmospheric and vacuum distillation device. Raw oil passes through an atmospheric tower and is cut into waste lubricating oil such as naphtha, kerosene, diesel oil, heavy diesel oil and atmospheric residue oil, the waste lubricating oil enters a reduced pressure fractionating tower and is stripped by a side stripper to obtain base lubricating oil with different distillation ranges, the base lubricating oil can be subjected to subsequent treatment to obtain a lubricating oil product meeting the requirements, the cutting precision of the base lubricating oil is not high only by adopting the production process, the overlapped parts among all fractions in the oil product are more, the quality of the obtained base lubricating oil product is not high, and the current market requirements can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a production method of basic lubricating oil, which enables waste lubricating oil to flow back for multiple times when entering a fractionating tower for cutting, reduces the overlapped part among various basic lubricating oil fractions, improves the cutting precision of the fractions and ensures the quality of products.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing a base lubricant, comprising the steps of:
(a) pretreatment of raw materials: heating, removing impurities and desulfurizing raw material wax oil to obtain waste lubricating oil;
(b) and (3) hydroisomerization: the waste lubricating oil enters a hydrogenation device consisting of two reactors connected in series for hydrogenation and isomerization to obtain reaction oil;
(c) cutting and fractionating: and the reaction oil enters a reduced pressure fractionating tower for fractionation, the fractionated oil is extracted to a buffer tank, the oil in the buffer tank is subjected to gas-liquid exchange to the reduced pressure fractionating tower for cutting, then flows back to the buffer tank, and is repeatedly cut and refluxed at least twice, and finally the oil extracted from the buffer tank is subjected to gas-liquid exchange to obtain a basic lubricating oil product.
Further, in the raw material pretreatment in the step (a), the raw material wax oil is mixed with hydrogen and then enters a combustion furnace for heating, and then enters a first reactor for removing impurities and desulfurizing.
Further, the temperature of the raw material wax oil mixed with the hydrogen in the combustion furnace is 350-360 ℃. The arrangement ensures that the waste lubricating oil has optimal quality and is more energy-saving.
Further, the waste lubricating oil in the step (b) enters a second reactor for isomerization, and the isomerized waste lubricating oil enters a third reactor for refinement to obtain reaction oil. The waste lubricating oil is cracked in the isomerization process, and the saturation rate of the reaction oil is improved.
Further, in the step (c), the oil in the buffer tank is repeatedly cut and then fractionated by a lateral stripper, a part of the fractionated oil enters a reduced pressure fractionating tower for cutting, and the other part of the fractionated oil is subjected to gas-liquid exchange to obtain a basic lubricating oil product.
Further, the pressure of the reduced pressure fractionation column is set to 20mbar to 25mbar, and the steam temperature and pressure in the side stripper are set to 240 ℃ to 250 ℃ and 1.0MPa to 1.1MPa, respectively. So set up that the oil in the buffer tank divides better.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. through repeated cutting and fractionation at least twice, all fractions are fully exchanged, the cutting precision of the fractions is improved, the overlapping parts of all the fractions in the product are greatly reduced, and the quality of heavy components in the oil product is further ensured. Experiments show that the overlap part of the product extracted by the production method can be reduced to below 15 percent, the flash point of the extracted finished product white oil product is higher than that of the white oil product extracted by the prior art, can reach 170 plus DEG C and is far beyond the flash point standard required by the national standard GB 4853-.
2. The distillate of light components is improved by fractionating through a lateral line stripping tower, and the quality of lateral line products is guaranteed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic lubricant production system according to the present invention;
wherein, 1 is a combustion furnace; 11 is a pipeline; 2 is a vacuum fractionating tower; 21 is a side mining pipeline; 22 is a gas-liquid phase exchange pipeline; 3 is a buffer tank; 31 is a pipeline; 4 is a pump; 41 is a pipeline; 42 is a small return pipeline; 43 is a return line; a side stripper is arranged at the position 5; 5-1 is a filler; 51 is a pipeline; 52 is a pipeline; 6 is a product pump; 61 is a pipeline; 62 is a return pipeline; 63 is a small return line.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a production method of basic lubricating oil, so that the waste lubricating oil flows back for multiple times when entering a fractionating tower for cutting, the overlapped parts among various basic lubricating oil fractions are reduced, the cutting precision of the fractions is improved, and the product quality is ensured.
In the embodiment of the application, for solving the problems that the basic lubricating oil is not high in cutting precision and the overlapped parts among all fractions in the oil product are more, the quality of the obtained basic lubricating oil product is not high, the general idea is as follows:
and after the reaction oil is fractionated by the reduced pressure fractionating tower, arranging a buffer tank, refluxing the oil product in the buffer tank to the reduced pressure fractionating tower for cutting through gas-liquid exchange, then flowing to the buffer tank, and repeatedly cutting and refluxing for at least two times to obtain the basic lubricating oil product. Through repeated cutting and fractionation, all fractions are fully exchanged, the cutting precision of the fractions is improved, the overlapping parts of all the fractions in the product are greatly reduced, and the quality of heavy components in the oil product is further ensured. Experiments show that the overlap part of the product extracted by the production method can be reduced to below 15 percent, the flash point of the extracted finished product white oil product is higher than that of the white oil product extracted by the prior art, can reach 170 plus DEG C and is far beyond the flash point standard required by the national standard GB 4853-.
Arranged after the vacuum fractionating tower
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in the attached figure 1, a basic lubricating oil production system comprises a combustion furnace 1, a reduced pressure fractionating tower 2, a pump 4 and a product discharge device (not shown in the figure); the discharge hole of the combustion furnace 1 is communicated with the feed hole of the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 through a pipeline 11; be provided with buffer tank 3 between decompression fractionating tower 2 and the pump 4 of withdrawing, the discharge gate of decompression fractionating tower 2 is adopted the pipeline 21 through the side and is connected with the feed inlet of buffer tank 3, the discharge gate of buffer tank 3 is connected with the feed inlet of pump 4 of withdrawing through pipeline 31, the first discharge gate through pump 4 of withdrawing is connected with decompression fractionating tower 2 through backflow pipeline 43, the second discharge gate of pump 4 of withdrawing is connected with product eduction gear through pipeline 41, the third discharge gate of pump 4 of withdrawing is linked together through little backflow pipeline 42 and buffer tank 3's feed inlet.
The waste lubricating oil is fractionated by the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2, enters the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 for fractionation after passing through the buffer tank 3 and the reflux pipeline 43, is cut and fractionated twice in the fractionating tower, improves the cutting precision of the fractions, reduces the overlapped part between oil products, discharges and collects the product oil through the pipeline 41, and improves the quality of the output product. The structure of providing the small return pipe 42 and connecting to the feed port of the buffer tank 3 is due to the pump minimum flow restriction of the suction pump 4 in order to better protect the equipment and ensure the safety of operation.
Example 2:
the rest is the same as example 1, except that: a gas-liquid phase exchange pipeline 22 is arranged between the discharge hole of the decompression fractionating tower 2 and the feed inlet of the buffer tank 1. After the oil is buffered in the buffer tank 3, part of light oil flows back to the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 from the discharge hole of the buffer tank 3 through the gas-liquid phase exchange pipeline 22 for repeated cutting and fractionation, and the cutting precision of the fraction is further improved.
Example 3:
the rest is the same as example 1, except that: the extraction pump 4 is connected with a side stripper 5 through a pipeline 41, a discharge port of the extraction pump 4 is connected with a feed inlet of the side stripper 5 through a pipeline 41, a top outlet of the side stripper 5 is connected with the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 through a pipeline 51, the side stripper 5 is connected with a product pump 6, a discharge port of the side stripper 5 is connected with a feed inlet of the product pump 6 through a pipeline 52, a first discharge port of the product pump 6 is connected with a product discharge device through a pipeline 61, a second discharge port of the product pump 6 is connected with the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 through a reflux pipeline 62, and a third discharge port of the product pump 6 is connected with the side stripper 5 through a small reflux pipeline 63.
After the oil product is subjected to gas-liquid exchange by the filler 5-1 in the side stripper 5, light oil flows back to the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 from the top outlet of the side stripper 5 through a pipeline 51 for cutting and fractionation, and heavy oil is condensed by the condenser 5-1 and then discharged out of the discharge hole of the side stripper 5; the second discharge gate of the oil that pumps from the product pump 6 flows back to the vacuum fractionating tower 2 through the return line 62 and cuts the fractionation once more, the cutting precision to the fraction has further been improved, make the overlap between the oil reduce, the third discharge gate of the product pump 6 is through the structure setting of little return line 63 to side stripper 5 in order to protect the product pump 6, make the operation process safer, product oil such as basic lubricating oil is discharged and is collected by pipeline 61 through the second discharge gate of the product pump 6, the product quality of output has been improved.
The embodiment of the invention provides a production method of basic lubricating oil, which comprises the following steps:
(a) pretreatment of raw materials: heating, removing impurities and desulfurizing raw material wax oil to obtain waste lubricating oil;
(b) and (3) hydroisomerization: feeding the waste lubricating oil into a hydrogenation device consisting of two reactors connected in series for hydrogenation isomerization to obtain reaction oil;
(c) cutting and fractionating: and (2) fractionating the reaction oil in a reduced pressure fractionating tower, extracting the fractionated oil to a buffer tank, carrying out gas-liquid exchange on the oil in the buffer tank to the reduced pressure fractionating tower for cutting, then refluxing to the buffer tank, repeatedly cutting and refluxing for at least two times, and finally carrying out gas-liquid exchange on the oil extracted from the buffer tank to obtain a basic lubricating oil product.
In the specific implementation, in the raw material pretreatment in the step (a), the raw material wax oil is mixed with hydrogen and then enters a combustion furnace for heating, and then enters a first reactor for removing impurities and desulfurizing.
In specific implementation, the temperature of the raw material wax oil and hydrogen mixed in the combustion furnace is 350-360 ℃, and is preferably 350 ℃, so that the waste lubricating oil is optimal in quality and more energy-saving.
When the method is specifically implemented, the waste lubricating oil in the step (b) enters a second reactor for isomerization, and the isomerized waste lubricating oil enters a third reactor for refinement to obtain reaction oil. The waste lubricating oil is cracked in the isomerization process, and the saturation rate of the reaction oil is improved.
During specific implementation, the oil in the buffer tank in the step (c) is repeatedly cut and then fractionated by a side stripper, one part of the fractionated oil enters a reduced pressure fractionating tower for cutting, and the other part of the fractionated oil is subjected to gas-liquid exchange to obtain a basic lubricating oil product.
In one embodiment, the pressure in the vacuum distillation column is set to 20mbar to 25mbar, preferably 20 mbar. The steam temperature and pressure in the side stripper were set to 240 ℃ and 1.1MPa, respectively, which resulted in better oil partitioning in the buffer tank.
The production system and the production method have the specific operation steps that:
the raw material wax oil enters a combustion furnace 1 for heating after reacting in a reactor to obtain waste lubricating oil, and the waste lubricating oil enters a reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 for mass and heat transfer after the temperature is increased; the stripping steam of the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 is injected from the bottom of the tower inwards, the temperature and the pressure of the stripping steam, the operating pressure and the extraction temperature of the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 are set, and the oil is fractionated in the reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 and then extracted to the feed inlet of the buffer tank 3 through the side extraction pipeline 21; a part of the oil products of the light fraction in the buffer tank 3 firstly returns to the vacuum fractionating tower 2 through a gas-liquid phase exchange pipeline 22, and the rest heavy oil is discharged from a discharge hole of the buffer tank 3 to a pump 4; one path of the oil product pumped out by the pump 4 is pumped back to the pressure reduction fractionating tower 2 through a reflux pipeline 43, the other path of the oil product is pumped back to the buffer tank 3 through a small reflux pipeline 42, and the other path of the oil product is pumped out to the side stripper 5 through a pipeline 41 for final stripping; setting the temperature and pressure of stripping steam and the pressure of a side stripper 5, after the oil is subjected to gas-liquid exchange by a filler 5-1 in the side stripper 5, firstly, the light components stripped by the stripping steam directly return to a reduced pressure fractionating tower 2 through a pipeline 51 at the outlet at the top end of the side stripper 5 for repeated cutting reflux, and the residual oil passes through a discharge hole of the side stripper 5 and reaches a product pump 6 through a pipeline 52; one path of oil from the discharge port of the product pump 6 returns to the side stripper 5 through a small return pipeline 63, the other path of oil returns to the vacuum fractionating tower 2 through a return pipeline 62 for rectification, and the other path of oil is extracted to a tank area through a pipeline 61 to obtain industrial white oil.
The finished oil produced by the production method and the production system of the invention is compared with the finished oil produced by the existing production process and production device, and the obtained comparison table is shown in table 1;
table 1 comparison of the product oil produced by the production process and production system of the present invention with the product oil produced by the existing production process and production apparatus
Product overlap ratio Flash point of white oil (open) Rate of product stability
Existing production process and production apparatus 30% 130℃ In general
Production method and production system of the invention 12% 175℃ Is excellent in
And (3) analyzing an experimental result: as can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, the product stability of the product oil produced by the production method of the present invention is more stable than the product oil produced by the existing production process; the production method of the invention can reduce the overlapping part of the product to below 15 percent, and greatly reduces the overlapping rate of the product compared with the product produced by the existing production process; meanwhile, the flash point of the obtained white oil product is higher than that of the prior art, according to the regulation in the national standard GB 4853-1994, the flash point (opening) of the food-grade No. 10 white oil is not lower than 145 ℃, while the flash point of the white oil extracted by the production method of the invention is far beyond the flash point standard required by the national standard, and the product property and the added value are greatly improved.
In conclusion, the product oil extracted to the tank area by the production method of the invention is subjected to multiple cutting reflux in the vacuum fractionating tower, so that the oil is fully exchanged in the vacuum fractionating tower, the cutting precision of the fraction is improved, and the property and the additional value of the product are greatly improved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible to those skilled in the art. Any modification, favorable replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the invention shall be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for producing a base lubricant, comprising the steps of:
(a) pretreatment of raw materials: heating, removing impurities and desulfurizing raw material wax oil to obtain waste lubricating oil;
(b) and (3) hydroisomerization: the waste lubricating oil enters a hydrogenation device consisting of two reactors connected in series for hydrogenation and isomerization to obtain reaction oil;
(c) cutting and fractionating: and the reaction oil enters a reduced pressure fractionating tower for fractionation, the fractionated oil is extracted to a buffer tank, the oil in the buffer tank is subjected to gas-liquid exchange to the reduced pressure fractionating tower for cutting, then flows back to the buffer tank, and is repeatedly cut and refluxed at least twice, and finally the oil extracted from the buffer tank is subjected to gas-liquid exchange to obtain a basic lubricating oil product.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the raw material pretreatment in step (a) comprises mixing the raw wax oil with hydrogen gas, heating the mixture in a combustion furnace, and then feeding the mixture into the first reactor to remove impurities and remove sulfur.
3. The method for producing a base lubricant according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of mixing the raw wax oil and the hydrogen gas in the combustion furnace is 350 ℃ to 360 ℃.
4. The method for producing a base lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the used lubricant in step (b) is subjected to isomerization in the second reactor, and the isomerized used lubricant is subjected to refinement in the third reactor to obtain the reaction oil.
5. The method for producing the basic lubricating oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (c), the oil in the buffer tank is repeatedly cut and then fractionated by a side stripper, one part of the fractionated oil enters a reduced pressure fractionating tower for cutting, and the other part of the fractionated oil is subjected to gas-liquid exchange to obtain the basic lubricating oil product.
6. The method for producing a base lubricant according to claim 5, wherein the pressure of the vacuum fractionation tower is set to 20mbar to 25mbar, and the temperature and pressure of steam in the side stripper are set to 240 ℃ to 250 ℃ and 1.0MPa to 1.1MPa, respectively.
CN202110608303.1A 2021-06-01 2021-06-01 Production method of basic lubricating oil Active CN113372944B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107937024A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-04-20 洛阳金达石化有限责任公司 A kind of method that high-quality lightweight white oil is produced by base oil
CN207828188U (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-09-07 洛阳金达石化有限责任公司 A kind of rectifier unit producing high-quality lightweight white oil by base oil
CN111518589A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-08-11 中建安装集团有限公司 Production process of food-grade white oil
CN112126464A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-12-25 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Lubricating oil base oil prepared by hydrogenation of Fischer-Tropsch synthetic wax and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107937024A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-04-20 洛阳金达石化有限责任公司 A kind of method that high-quality lightweight white oil is produced by base oil
CN207828188U (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-09-07 洛阳金达石化有限责任公司 A kind of rectifier unit producing high-quality lightweight white oil by base oil
CN111518589A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-08-11 中建安装集团有限公司 Production process of food-grade white oil
CN112126464A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-12-25 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Lubricating oil base oil prepared by hydrogenation of Fischer-Tropsch synthetic wax and preparation method thereof

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