CN113371706B - Method for removing ash content of anthracite through continuous ultrahigh-temperature treatment - Google Patents
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- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/205—Preparation
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- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a method for removing ash content of anthracite through continuous ultrahigh temperature treatment, which belongs to the technical field of ash removal of anthracite and comprises the following steps: feeding anthracite raw materials into a continuous ultra-high temperature furnace for high-temperature pretreatment, and then changing the temperature of the continuous ultra-high temperature furnace for ultra-high temperature de-ashing and graphitization treatment to obtain an initial product; cooling the primary product to obtain low-ash graphitized coal; the method has the advantages that ash in the anthracite is effectively removed on the premise of ensuring the morphology of the anthracite particles, so that the ash in the anthracite is reduced, homogeneous graphitized coal with good performance indexes can be obtained, the continuity can be realized, and the resource utilization range of the anthracite is wider.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of anthracite ash removal, and particularly relates to a method for removing the ash content of anthracite through continuous ultrahigh-temperature treatment.
Background
China is the largest anthracite producing country in the world, anthracite plays an important role in the coal variety and production in China, and has the characteristics of low cost, high carbon residue, low oxygen content, low volatile matter, high density and the like, so that the anthracite has wide application range. From the current research situation at home and abroad, the general high content of the ash content of raw coal is an important factor for restricting the application market and the sufficient development of anthracite. How to exert the resource advantages of the anthracite coal to better meet the domestic and international market demands is a major problem to be researched and solved in the production and development of the anthracite coal at present.
The graphite material has a plurality of excellent properties, is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, nuclear energy, mechanical manufacturing, metallurgy and the like, has large storage capacity of anthracite in China, is subjected to ultrahigh-temperature deliming treatment by combining the performance characteristics of the anthracite, obtains graphitized coal used in the fields, and has important strategic significance and huge market space.
The prior anthracite deliming process mainly comprises the modes of washing, flotation deliming, high-temperature deliming and the like, wherein the ash content of washing, flotation and deliming is about 3 percent; the ash content of flotation deashing can reach about 1 percent, but coal below 100 micrometers accounts for more than 80 percent, the granularity is too fine, and the application field is narrow.
Chinese patent application CN102557016B discloses a process for graphitizing anthracite, which is carried out in an acheson graphitizing furnace, and the temperature distribution in the graphitizing furnace is uniform by adjusting the composition of heat preservation materials and the charging mode, so that the obtained graphitized anthracite product has the advantages of low ash, low sulfur, low nitrogen, low phosphorus content, low specific resistance, high true density, high graphitization degree, stable quality, excellent physicochemical indexes, and quality indexes reaching the graphite breaking indexes. This production process does not achieve continuity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention has been made to provide a continuous ultra high temperature treatment method for removing anthracite ash that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.
The invention provides a method for removing ash content of anthracite by continuous ultrahigh temperature treatment, which comprises the following steps:
feeding anthracite raw material into a preheating zone of a continuous ultrahigh-temperature furnace for high-temperature pretreatment;
sending the anthracite raw material subjected to high-temperature pretreatment into an ultrahigh temperature zone of a continuous ultrahigh temperature furnace for ultrahigh-temperature deliming and graphitization treatment to obtain a primary product;
and cooling the primary product to obtain the low-ash graphitized coal.
Optionally, the temperature of the high-temperature pretreatment is more than or equal to 1200 ℃.
Optionally, the high-temperature pretreatment time is 5h-12h.
Optionally, the temperature of the ultrahigh-temperature deashing graphitization treatment is 2600-3000 ℃.
Optionally, the time of the ultrahigh-temperature deashing and graphitization treatment is 5-12 h.
Optionally, the particle size of the anthracite raw material is 5mm-50mm.
Optionally, the continuous ultra-high temperature furnace is a vertical continuous ultra-high temperature furnace.
Optionally, the continuous ultra-high temperature furnace heats the anthracite raw material in an electric arc heating mode.
Optionally, the cooling is performed in three stages.
Optionally, the cooling finishing temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃.
One or more technical schemes in the invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
the invention provides a method for removing smokeless coal ash through continuous ultrahigh temperature treatment, which comprises the following steps: feeding anthracite raw materials into a continuous ultra-high temperature furnace for high-temperature pretreatment, and then changing the temperature of the continuous ultra-high temperature furnace for ultra-high temperature de-ashing and graphitization treatment to obtain an initial product; cooling the primary product to obtain low-ash graphitized coal; under the premise of ensuring the shape of the anthracite particles, the ash is effectively removed, so that the ash in the anthracite is reduced, homogeneous graphitized coal with good performance indexes can be obtained, the continuity can be realized, and the resource utilization range of the anthracite is wider.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure and cooling of a vertical continuous ultra high temperature furnace according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for continuously removing ash content of anthracite coal by ultra-high temperature treatment, the method comprising:
s1, feeding anthracite raw materials into a preheating zone of a vertical continuous ultrahigh-temperature furnace for high-temperature pretreatment; the vertical continuous ultrahigh temperature furnace can adopt a vertical high temperature continuous graphitization furnace provided by the Chinese invention patent application CN201010108180.7, a vertical high temperature continuous graphitization furnace provided by the Chinese utility model patent application CN201020111475.5, a cooling system thereof and the like.
As an alternative embodiment, the anthracite coal feedstock has a particle size ranging from 5mm to 50mm.
The reason for controlling the particle size of the anthracite raw material to be 5mm-50mm is to ensure that the anthracite particles are effectively contacted, high-temperature electric arcs are generated between the materials under the action of current, the materials are heated under the action of the high-temperature electric arcs, the adverse effect that the particle size is too large is that effective escape of ash content is not facilitated, and the adverse effect that the particle size is too small is that enough heat is not generated to heat the materials.
As an optional implementation mode, the temperature of the high-temperature pretreatment is more than or equal to 1200 ℃, and the time of the high-temperature pretreatment is 5-12 h.
The reason why the temperature of the high-temperature pretreatment is controlled to be more than or equal to 1200 ℃ is that the calcination temperature of the common calcined anthracite is generally controlled to be about 1200 ℃, the temperature of the preheating treatment is slightly higher than the temperature, and the temperature is too small to be beneficial to the temperature rise control of the high-temperature section of the furnace.
The time of high-temperature pretreatment is controlled to be 5h-12h, which is determined by the material discharge speed, the time value is too short, the high-temperature pretreatment time is too short, the retention time of the material in a high-temperature area is short, the effect of ultra-high temperature heat treatment cannot be ensured, and the overall yield of the furnace is influenced by too long time.
S2, feeding the anthracite raw material subjected to high-temperature pretreatment into an ultrahigh temperature zone of a continuous ultrahigh temperature furnace to perform ultrahigh-temperature deliming graphitization treatment to obtain an initial product;
as an optional implementation mode, the temperature of the ultrahigh-temperature deashing graphitization treatment is 2600-3000 ℃, and the time of the ultrahigh-temperature deashing graphitization treatment is 5-12 h.
The temperature of the ultra-high temperature deashing graphitization treatment is controlled to be 2600-3000 ℃, and the main reason is that ash in the anthracite can be effectively removed at the temperature, the temperature value is too low to facilitate the removal of the ash, the temperature is too high to influence the service life of the furnace, and the energy consumption is increased.
The reason for controlling the time of the ultra-high temperature deashing graphitization treatment to be 5h-12h is that the retention time of the anthracite in a high temperature zone can be effectively ensured, the effective removal of ash content is ensured, the time value is too short, the high temperature heat treatment effect is not good, the ash content removal effect is poor, the output of the furnace is influenced and the energy consumption of unit products is increased due to overlong length.
In specific implementation, the continuous ultrahigh-temperature furnace heats the anthracite raw material in an electric arc heating mode, so that the continuity of the anthracite deliming treatment is realized.
And S3, cooling the primary product to obtain the low-ash graphitized coal.
As an alternative embodiment, three-stage cooling is adopted for cooling, and the cooling finishing temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃.
It should be noted that the three-stage cooling specifically includes cathode transition electrode external circulation cooling, two-stage discharge cooling, and central inner container auxiliary cooling, as specifically shown in fig. 2.
By adopting the design, the ash content of the common calcined anthracite is removed by a high-temperature pretreatment-ultrahigh-temperature deashing two-stage heat treatment process in a vertical continuous ultrahigh-temperature furnace. Firstly, adding carbonaceous materials such as 5-50mm common calcined anthracite and the like into a continuous ultra-high temperature furnace through a feeding device, performing high-temperature pretreatment at a temperature of more than 1200 ℃, entering a 2600-3000 ℃ ultra-high temperature section for ultra-high temperature deashing, cooling and discharging through a cooling system, escaping more than 90% of ash in the anthracite in a gaseous state, collecting and post-treating through a flue gas collecting device, ensuring continuity, stability and low consumption of the treatment process, and ensuring the particle morphology of the carbonaceous materials while removing the ash.
The method for removing the ash content of the anthracite coal by continuous ultrahigh temperature treatment according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to examples, comparative examples and experimental data.
Example 1
The method comprises the steps of processing common calcined anthracite by adopting a vertical continuous ultra-high temperature furnace, firstly adding 5-45mm of common calcined anthracite into the continuous ultra-high temperature furnace through a feeding device, firstly passing through a 1400 ℃ preheating zone in the feeding process, staying for 8 hours in the preheating zone, gradually escaping volatile matters, sulfur and the like in the anthracite in the process, entering a 2700 ℃ ultra-high temperature zone, dissociating carbonaceous materials in the anthracite from metal impurities in the anthracite, converting the carbonaceous materials into graphitized products, staying for 12 hours in the ultra-high temperature zone, cooling the cooling section, and discharging the graphitized coal through a discharging device to obtain the low-ash graphitized coal.
Example 2
The method comprises the steps of processing common calcined anthracite by adopting a vertical continuous ultra-high temperature furnace, firstly adding 5-50mm of common calcined anthracite into the continuous ultra-high temperature furnace through a feeding device, firstly passing through a 1300 ℃ preheating zone in the feeding process, staying for 5 hours in the preheating zone, gradually escaping volatile components, sulfur components and the like in the anthracite in the process, entering a 2500 ℃ ultra-high temperature zone, dissociating carbonaceous materials in the anthracite from metal impurities in the anthracite, converting the carbonaceous materials into graphitized products, staying for 9 hours in the ultra-high temperature zone, cooling the cooling section, and discharging the graphitized coal through a discharging device to obtain the low-ash graphitized coal.
Example 3
The method comprises the steps of processing common calcined anthracite by adopting a vertical continuous ultra-high temperature furnace, firstly adding 8-45mm common calcined anthracite into the continuous ultra-high temperature furnace through a feeding device, firstly passing through a 1350 ℃ preheating zone in the feeding process, staying for 12 hours in the preheating zone, gradually escaping volatile components, sulfur components and the like in the anthracite in the process, dissociating carbonaceous materials and metal impurities in the anthracite after entering a 2600 ℃ ultra-high temperature zone, converting the carbonaceous materials into graphitized products, staying for 16 hours in the ultra-high temperature zone, cooling in a cooling section, and discharging the graphitized coal through a discharging device to obtain the low-ash graphitized coal.
Comparative example 1
The method comprises the steps of processing common calcined anthracite by adopting a vertical continuous ultra-high temperature furnace, firstly adding 5-45mm common calcined anthracite into the continuous ultra-high temperature furnace through a feeding device, firstly passing through a 1400 ℃ preheating zone in the feeding process, staying for 3 hours in the preheating zone, gradually escaping volatile components, sulfur components and the like in the anthracite in the process, entering into a 2700 ℃ ultra-high temperature zone, dissociating carbonaceous materials and metal impurities in the anthracite, converting the carbonaceous materials into graphitized products, staying for 7 hours in the ultra-high temperature zone, cooling the cooled section, and discharging the graphitized coal with low ash through a discharging device.
Comparative example 2
The method comprises the steps of processing common calcined anthracite by adopting a vertical continuous ultra-high temperature furnace, firstly adding 5-45mm of common calcined anthracite into the continuous ultra-high temperature furnace through a feeding device, firstly passing through a 1400 ℃ preheating zone in the feeding process, staying for 13 hours in the preheating zone, gradually escaping volatile matters, sulfur and the like in the anthracite in the process, entering a 2700 ℃ ultra-high temperature zone, dissociating carbonaceous materials in the anthracite from metal impurities in the anthracite, converting the carbonaceous materials into graphitized products, staying for 16 hours in the ultra-high temperature zone, cooling the cooled section, and discharging the graphitized coal through a discharging device to obtain the low-ash graphitized coal.
Related experiments:
the results of examination of the low ash graphitized coals produced in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 are shown in the following tables.
| Ash content | Degree of graphitization | True specific gravity | Specific resistance of powder | |
| Example 1 | 0.65％ | 90％ | 2.20g/cm 3 | 150μΩ·m |
| Example 2 | 0.74％ | 88％ | 2.19g/cm 3 | 184μΩ·m |
| Example 3 | 0.5％ | 91％ | 2.20g/cm 3 | 102μΩ·m |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.8％ | 84％ | 2.18g/cm 3 | 200μΩ·m |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.45 | 92％ | 2.20g/cm 3 | 85μΩ·m |
The method can remove ash content of anthracite, effectively remove ash content in general calcined anthracite, further improve indexes such as graphitization degree and the like, when the pretreatment time is out of the range provided by the embodiment of the invention, the furnace is not provided with a continuous high-temperature graphitization furnace, continuous and uniform material discharge can occur, the pretreatment time and the high-temperature graphitization time have great relevance, a certain treatment time cannot be prolonged, the residence time of materials in a high-temperature zone in the furnace is prolonged in the pretreatment time process, and the residence time of a key core in high-temperature heat treatment can be prolonged.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) The method provided by the invention enables the common calcined anthracite to be treated in a high-temperature section and a super-high-temperature section in the furnace, so that volatile matters, sulfur, metal impurities and the like in the common calcined anthracite are removed from carbonaceous materials, and the ash content of the anthracite is further reduced to be less than 0.8%;
(2) The method provided by the invention has the advantages that after the ordinary calcined anthracite is treated in the ultra-high temperature section, the graphitization degree of the anthracite is improved, the graphitization degree reaches more than 90%, and the true specific gravity reaches more than 2.18g/cm < 3 >; the specific resistance of the powder can reach below 220 mu omega m;
(3) The method provided by the invention can effectively remove ash in the common calcined anthracite, further improve indexes such as graphitization degree and the like, ensure the continuity of production, ensure the morphology of anthracite particles and simultaneously ensure the wider utilization range of anthracite resources.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. A method for removing ash content of anthracite by continuous ultrahigh temperature treatment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
feeding the anthracite raw material into a preheating zone of a continuous ultrahigh-temperature furnace for high-temperature pretreatment, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature pretreatment is more than or equal to 1200 ℃, the time of the high-temperature pretreatment is 5-12 h, and the particle size of the anthracite raw material is 5-50 mm;
sending the anthracite raw material subjected to high-temperature pretreatment into an ultrahigh temperature zone of a continuous ultrahigh temperature furnace for ultrahigh-temperature deashing and graphitization to obtain a primary product, wherein the temperature of the ultrahigh-temperature deashing and graphitization is 2600-3000 ℃, and the time of the ultrahigh-temperature deashing and graphitization is 5-12 h;
and cooling the primary product to obtain the low-ash graphitized coal, wherein the graphitization degree of the low-ash graphitized coal reaches more than 90%.
2. The continuous ultra-high temperature treatment smokeless coal ash removal method according to claim 1, wherein said continuous ultra-high temperature furnace is a vertical continuous ultra-high temperature furnace.
3. The continuous ultrahigh temperature treatment smokeless coal ash removal method according to claim 1, wherein the continuous ultrahigh temperature furnace heats the anthracite coal raw material by means of electric arc heating.
4. The continuous ultra-high temperature treatment smokeless coal ash removal method of claim 1, wherein said cooling employs three-stage cooling.
5. The continuous ultra-high temperature treatment smokeless coal ash removal method of claim 1, characterized in that the end temperature of cooling is 100 ℃ or less.
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| CN2759998Y (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-02-22 | 镇江焦化煤气集团有限公司 | Vertical electric incinerator for continuous production of high-purity graphite carbon material |
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Effective date of registration: 20240424 Address after: 450041 No. 82, Jiyuan Road, Zhengzhou District, Henan Patentee after: China Aluminum Zhengzhou Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 100082 No. 62 North Main Street, Haidian District, Beijing, Xizhimen Patentee before: ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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