CN113369803A - Forming method of copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting - Google Patents
Forming method of copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN113369803A CN113369803A CN202110442421.XA CN202110442421A CN113369803A CN 113369803 A CN113369803 A CN 113369803A CN 202110442421 A CN202110442421 A CN 202110442421A CN 113369803 A CN113369803 A CN 113369803A
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910002482 Cu–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/037—Forming branched tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
A method for forming a copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting comprises the six procedures of blanking → surface pretreatment of a pipe section → internal high pressure forming → machining → heat treatment → surface treatment; in the pipe section surface pretreatment, 10-15% MoS is uniformly coated on the outer surface of the pipe section2Standing and drying the acetone turbid liquid, and then uniformly smearing 5-8% MoS on the outer surface of the pipe section again2Standing and drying the acetone suspension for later use; in the heat treatment link, annealing the machined four-way pipe fitting; in the surface treatment, 120-mesh brown corundum sand grains are sprayed to the annealed copper-nickel alloy under the action of air pressureThe inner and outer surfaces of the four-way pipe fitting are smooth, clean, uniform in gloss and free of stains. The copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way joint produced by combining the surface pretreatment process and the internal high-pressure forming process eliminates the risk of weld defects in the prior art, the transition of the main branch pipe is smooth, the quality of the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe fitting is improved, and the stable flow of an internal medium is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of copper-nickel alloy material processing, and particularly relates to a method for forming a copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting.
Background
The copper-nickel alloy has excellent seawater corrosion resistance, marine organism pollution damage resistance and good cold and hot processing performance, and is widely applied to seawater pipeline systems of various ships and ocean engineering facilities. The seawater pipeline system is used for conveying media such as ballast water, fire water, cooling water and the like required by ships and ocean engineering facilities, is an important system in the design and construction processes of the ships and the ocean engineering facilities, and the four-way pipe fitting is one of important connecting accessories in the ship seawater pipeline system.
At present, the production of the copper-nickel alloy four-way pipe fitting mostly adopts a method of drilling a hole on a straight pipe section of the copper-nickel alloy three-way pipe fitting and welding a saddle. The method needs to separately form the tee pipe fitting and the saddle pipe fitting, and then the copper-nickel alloy four-way pipe fitting is manufactured by welding, so that the process is relatively complex, and due to the existence of the welding seam, on one hand, the welding defect is possibly generated at the position of the welding seam, on the other hand, the existence of the surplus height of the welding seam is not beneficial to the steady-state flow of an internal medium, and therefore the development of the forming method of the four-way pipe fitting with high production efficiency and no welding seam is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for forming a copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting, which comprehensively considers the influence of internal high-pressure forming pressure, punch feeding speed and pipe surface pretreatment on the forming of the four-way pipe fitting and solves the problems of low production efficiency and unsmooth branch pipe transition of the existing copper-nickel alloy four-way pipe fitting with a welding seam.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for forming a copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting comprises the following steps:
selecting a copper-nickel alloy pipe with the same outer diameter as a main pipe of the four-way target pipe fitting for blanking, wherein the blanking length L =3a + 100-120 mm, and the required pipe wall thickness S = S1+ (0-1) mm, wherein a is the distance from a main pipe port of the four-way target pipe fitting to the center of a branch pipe, and S1 is the main pipe wall thickness of the four-way target pipe fitting;
step two, uniformly coating 10-15% MoS on the outer surface of the blanked pipe section2Standing and drying the acetone turbid liquid, and then uniformly smearing 5-8% MoS on the outer surface of the pipe section again2Standing and drying the acetone suspension to obtain a pipe section blank before forming;
step three, mounting a four-way forming die on a workbench of an internal high-pressure forming machine, horizontally placing the pipe section blank processed in the step two in an inner cavity of the four-way forming die, starting the internal high-pressure forming machine to perform internal high-pressure forming, injecting water into the pipe section blank through an inner hole of a punch during forming, pushing a left punch and a right punch oppositely at a speed of 0.2-1.5 mm/s when the internal water pressure of the pipe section blank is increased to 1-3 MPa, controlling the internal water pressure of the pipe section blank to be increased at a speed of 0.2-0.5 MPa/s, stopping pressurizing when the internal water pressure of the pipe section blank reaches 20-25 MPa, and maintaining the pressure to be stable; when the distance between the left punch and the right punch is reduced to a set value L1=2a + 10-15 mm, releasing pressure, and taking out a formed four-way blank;
machining the four-way blank according to the size required by the design;
step five, annealing the machined four-way pipe fitting, and then discharging and cooling;
and sixthly, spraying 120-mesh brown corundum sand grains to the inner surface and the outer surface of the annealed copper-nickel alloy four-way pipe under the action of air pressure, so as to obtain the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way finished pipe meeting the requirements.
And the air pressure in the sixth step is 0.5-0.8 MPa.
The annealing treatment adopts a warm charging furnace, the heating temperature is 700-750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.5 h.
The inner diameter of a main pipe of a die cavity of the four-way forming die is the same as the outer diameter of a pipe section blank, the inner diameters of the branch pipes of the die cavity are respectively the same as the outer diameters of the two branch pipes of the four-way target pipe fitting, and the transition chamfers of the main branch pipes of the upper die and the lower die of the four-way forming die are respectively equal to the corresponding fillets of the four-.
The left punch and the right punch on the inner high-pressure forming machine are respectively connected with a supercharger of the inner high-pressure forming machine through threads, through holes which axially extend and penetrate are formed in the punches, the diameter of each through hole is 15-20 mm, and the diameter of the pushing end of each punch is equal to the outer diameter of a pipe section blank.
For the method, because the copper-nickel alloy material has relatively low strength and is in contact with the surface of the die in the forming process, the surface of the copper-nickel alloy material is very easy to scratch, and even cracks and wrinkles are caused when the copper-nickel alloy material is severe, so that after the blanking of the pipe section is finished, acetone suspension liquid is required to be smeared on the outer surface of the pipe section twice, and MoS can be formed on the outer surface of the pipe section2The lubricating film layer can effectively reduce the frictional resistance between the outer surface of the pipe section and the die, and improve the fluidity of metal in the forming process, thereby effectively reducing the wrinkling or cracking phenomenon of the material in the forming process.
The pipe fitting after machining is annealed, which is mainly used for eliminating the work hardening and residual internal stress caused by cold forming in the material, and is beneficial to improving the dimensional stability, seawater corrosion resistance and subsequent welding performance of the alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, the invention eliminates the risk of weld defects through reasonable mould design and adopting a proper pipe surface pretreatment process and combining the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way produced by an internal high pressure forming process, the transition of the main branch pipe and the branch pipe is smooth, the quality of the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe fitting is improved, and the stable flow of an internal medium is facilitated.
Secondly, the invention does not need to produce saddle pipe fittings and welding process separately, greatly saves the production time and raw materials, improves the production efficiency, and reduces the energy consumption and the production cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a seamless Cu-Ni alloy four-way pipe product prepared according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pipe segment blank being placed into a four-way forming die;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pipe segment blank being formed in a four-way forming die;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the discharge after forming;
the labels in the figure are: 1. a workbench is arranged on the press; 2. a four-way upper die; 3. A pipe segment blank; 4. a punch; 5. a four-way lower die; 6. a lower workbench of the press; 7. a material returning rod; 8. a copper-nickel alloy four-way blank.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in figure 1, the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting product to be formed comprises a main pipe port with the outer diameter phi of 30-phi 457mm and a port wall thickness of 2-17 mm, and the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe comprises a copper-nickel alloy seamless equal-diameter four-way pipe and a copper-nickel alloy seamless reducing four-way pipe. In FIG. 1, a is the distance from the main pipe port to the center of the branch pipe, b and c are the distance from the branch pipe port to the center of the main pipe, R1 and R2 are the radius of the fillet of the transition between the main pipe and the branch pipe, S1 is the wall thickness of the four-way main pipe, S2 and S3 are the wall thickness of the four-way branch pipe, c is not less than a, b is not less than a, S2 is not less than S1, and S3 is not less than S1.
When the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting with the structure is formed, adopted equipment comprises an internal high-pressure forming machine, a numerical control lathe, a resistance heating furnace and a sand blasting machine. The specific forming process mainly comprises six procedures of blanking → surface pretreatment of the pipe section → internal high pressure forming → machining → heat treatment → surface treatment.
The general technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
selecting a copper-nickel alloy pipe with the same outer diameter as a main pipe of the four-way target pipe fitting for blanking, wherein the blanking length L =3a + 100-120 mm, and the required pipe wall thickness S = S1+ (0-1) mm, wherein a is the distance from a main pipe port of the four-way target pipe fitting to the center of a branch pipe, and S1 is the main pipe wall thickness of the four-way target pipe fitting;
step two, uniformly coating 10-15% MoS on the outer surface of the blanked pipe section2C ofAnd (3) standing and drying the ketone suspension, and then uniformly coating 5-8% MoS on the outer surface of the pipe section again2Standing and drying the acetone suspension to obtain a pipe section blank before forming;
step three, mounting a four-way forming die on a workbench of an internal high-pressure forming machine, horizontally placing the pipe section blank processed in the step two in an inner cavity of the four-way forming die, starting the internal high-pressure forming machine to perform internal high-pressure forming, injecting water into the pipe section blank through an inner hole of a punch during forming, pushing a left punch and a right punch oppositely at a speed of 0.2-1.5 mm/s when the internal water pressure of the pipe section blank is increased to 1-3 MPa, controlling the internal water pressure of the pipe section blank to be increased at a speed of 0.2-0.5 MPa/s, stopping pressurizing when the internal water pressure of the pipe section blank reaches 20-25 MPa, and maintaining the pressure to be stable; when the distance between the left punch and the right punch is reduced to a set value L1=2a + 10-15 mm, releasing pressure, and taking out a formed four-way blank;
machining the four-way blank according to the size required by the design;
step five, annealing the machined four-way pipe fitting, and then discharging and cooling;
and sixthly, spraying 120-mesh brown corundum sand grains to the inner surface and the outer surface of the annealed copper-nickel alloy four-way pipe under the action of air pressure, so as to obtain the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way finished pipe meeting the requirements.
The present disclosure is further described with reference to the drawings, taking Φ 60 × 4.5/Φ 60 × 4.5 equal-diameter copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way junction (where D1= D2= D3=60mm, a = b = c =64mm, S1= S2= S3=4.5mm, R1= R2=20mm) and Φ 159 × 3.5/Φ 133 × 3.0 (where D1= D2=159mm, D3=133mm, a = b =143mm, c =136mm, S1= S2=3.5mm, S3=3mm, R1=40mm, R2=32mm) as examples, and taking the above-mentioned dimension units as mm, and taking the following unidentified dimension units as mm.
Example 1: phi 60 multiplied by 4.5/phi 60 multiplied by 4.5 isometric copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way forming
(1) Blanking: the copper-nickel alloy pipe with the diameter of 60 multiplied by 5.0mm is sawed into a pipe section with the length of 310mm by a sawing machine.
(2) Surface pretreatment of the pipe section: finishing blanking of tube blankThen, the burrs at the end opening need to be removed, and then 15% MoS is uniformly coated on the outer surface of the tube blank2Standing and drying the acetone suspension, and uniformly coating 5% MoS on the outer surface of the tube blank again2The acetone suspension was left to stand and dried to obtain a pipe blank 3 before molding.
(3) Internal high-pressure forming: the four-way upper die 2 and the four-way lower die 5 of the four-way forming die are respectively connected with an upper press workbench 1 and a lower press workbench 6 of an inner high-pressure forming machine through bolts, the inner diameter of a main pipe of a die cavity of the four-way forming die for forming is 60mm, the inner diameter of a branch pipe is 60mm, and the transition chamfers of the main branch pipes of the upper die and the lower die are R20 mm; the diameter of the pushing end of the left punch and the right punch is 60mm, and the diameter of a longitudinal opening at the center inside the punch 4 is phi 15 mm;
the pipe section blank 3 with the surface pretreated is placed in the middle of a four-way lower die 5, an inner high-pressure forming machine is started, after the four-way upper die 2 and the four-way lower die 5 are closed, a left punch head and a right punch head 4 are pushed oppositely to seal two ends of the pipe section blank 3, tap water is filled through a through hole in the center of the punch heads 4, after the internal pressure is increased to 1-3 Mpa, the left punch head and the right punch head move oppositely at the speed of 0.2-1.5 mm/s, preferably 0.4mm/s, a supercharger is controlled to enable the water pressure in the pipe section to be increased at the speed of 0.3MPa/s, when the internal forming pressure reaches 23Mpa, pressurization is stopped, the pressure is maintained to be stable, when the distance between the left punch head and the right punch head 4 is reduced to a set value L1=140mm, the internal pressure is unloaded, the four-way upper die 2 moves upwards, a material returning rod 7 ejects a copper-nickel alloy four-way blank 8, and the forming process is finished.
(4) Machining: and machining the formed four-way blank according to the size of the technical requirement to form the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way blank meeting the size requirement, wherein the size of the four-way blank is phi 60 multiplied by 4.5/phi 60 multiplied by 4.5.
(5) And (3) annealing the machined copper-nickel alloy four-way blank at the heating temperature of 720 ℃, charging the blank at the temperature, keeping the temperature for 0.5h, discharging the blank out of the furnace, and air cooling.
(6) Surface treatment: under the action of 0.6MPa air pressure, 120-mesh brown corundum sand grains are sprayed to the inner and outer surfaces of the copper-nickel alloy four-way pipe fitting to make the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe fitting smooth, clean, uniform in gloss and free of stains, so that a phi 60 multiplied by 4.5/phi 60 multiplied by 4.5 copper-nickel alloy four-way finished pipe fitting is obtained.
Example 2: phi 159 x 3.5/phi 133 x 3.0 reducing copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way forming device
(1) Blanking: the copper-nickel alloy pipe with the diameter of 159 multiplied by 3.5mm is sawed into a pipe section with the length of 535mm by a sawing machine.
(2) Surface pretreatment of the pipe section: after blanking of the tube blank is finished, burrs at the end opening need to be removed, and then 10% MoS is uniformly coated on the outer surface of the tube blank2Standing and drying the acetone suspension, and uniformly smearing 8% MoS on the outer surface of the tube blank again2The acetone suspension was left to stand and dried to obtain a pipe blank 3 before molding.
(3) Internal high-pressure forming: the four-way upper die 2 and the four-way lower die 5 of the four-way forming die are respectively connected with an upper press workbench 1 and a lower press workbench 6 of an internal high-pressure forming machine through bolts, the inner diameter of a main pipe of a die cavity of the four-way forming die for forming is 159mm, the inner diameter of an upper die branch pipe is 159mm, the inner diameter of a lower die branch pipe is 133mm, the transition chamfer size of the upper die main branch pipe is R40mm, and the transition chamfer size of the lower die main branch pipe is R32 mm; the diameter of the pushing end of the left punch and the right punch is 159mm, and the diameter of a longitudinal opening at the center inside the punch 4 is phi 18 mm;
the pipe section blank 3 with the surface pretreated is placed in the middle of a four-way lower die 5, an inner high-pressure forming machine is started, after the four-way upper die 2 and the four-way lower die 5 are closed, a left punch 4 and a right punch 4 are pushed oppositely to seal two ends of the pipe section blank 3, tap water is filled through a through hole in the center of the punches 4, after the internal pressure is increased to 1-3 Mpa, the left punch 4 and the right punch 4 move oppositely at the speed of 0.2-1.5 mm/s, preferably 0.7mm/s, a supercharger is controlled to increase the water pressure in the pipe section at the speed of 0.5Mpa/s, when the internal forming pressure reaches 21Mpa, pressurization is stopped, the pressure is maintained to be stable, when the distance between the left punch 4 and the right punch 4 is reduced to a set value L1=300mm, the internal pressure is unloaded, the four-way upper die moves upwards, a material returning rod 7 ejects a copper-nickel alloy four-way blank 8, and the forming process is finished.
(4) Machining: and machining the formed four-way blank according to the size of the technical requirement to obtain the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way blank meeting the size requirement, wherein the size of the four-way blank is phi 159 multiplied by 3.5/phi 133 multiplied by 3.0.
(5) And (3) heat treatment: and (3) annealing the machined copper-nickel alloy four-way blank at the heating temperature of 720 ℃, charging the blank at the temperature, keeping the temperature for 0.5h, discharging the blank out of the furnace, and air cooling.
(6) Surface treatment: under the action of 0.6MPa air pressure, 120-mesh brown corundum sand grains are sprayed to the inner and outer surfaces of the copper-nickel alloy four-way pipe fitting to make the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe fitting smooth, clean, uniform in gloss and free of stains, so that a phi 159 multiplied by 3.5/phi 133 multiplied by 3.0 copper-nickel alloy four-way finished pipe fitting is obtained.
Compared with the existing welding method for manufacturing the copper-nickel alloy four-way pipe fitting, the forming method adopted by the invention has the advantages that the raw materials and the manufacturing procedures required by saddle production are reduced, the adverse effect of welding seams is eliminated, the production efficiency and the surface quality of products are improved, and the production cost is reduced. Taking the phi 60 multiplied by 4.5/phi 60 multiplied by 4.5 equal-diameter four-way joint described in the embodiment 1 as an example, if the four-way joint is manufactured by a saddle and three-way joint welding method, the required raw material is a phi 60 multiplied by 5mm pipe material 420 mm; when the method is adopted, the required blanking length is only 310mm, the raw material is saved by 35%, the forming time of the single four-way joint is shortened to be within 20min from the previous 2-3 h, the production efficiency is greatly improved, meanwhile, the welding link is cancelled, the energy consumption and the production cost are reduced, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
The above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, and it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the specific embodiments of the present invention can be modified or substituted with equivalents with reference to the above embodiments, and any modifications or equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of the claims to be appended.
Claims (5)
1. A method for forming a copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a copper-nickel alloy pipe with the same outer diameter as a main pipe of the four-way target pipe fitting for blanking, wherein the blanking length L =3a + 100-120 mm, and the required pipe wall thickness S = S1+ (0-1) mm, wherein a is the distance from a main pipe port of the four-way target pipe fitting to the center of a branch pipe, and S1 is the main pipe wall thickness of the four-way target pipe fitting;
step (ii) ofSecondly, uniformly coating 10-15% MoS on the outer surface of the blanked pipe section2Standing and drying the acetone turbid liquid, and then uniformly smearing 5-8% MoS on the outer surface of the pipe section again2Standing and drying the acetone suspension to obtain a pipe section blank before forming;
step three, mounting a four-way forming die on a workbench of an internal high-pressure forming machine, horizontally placing the pipe section blank processed in the step two in an inner cavity of the four-way forming die, starting the internal high-pressure forming machine to perform internal high-pressure forming, injecting water into the pipe section blank through an inner hole of a punch during forming, pushing a left punch and a right punch oppositely at a speed of 0.2-1.5 mm/s when the internal water pressure of the pipe section blank is increased to 1-3 MPa, controlling the internal water pressure of the pipe section blank to be increased at a speed of 0.2-0.5 MPa/s, stopping pressurizing when the internal water pressure of the pipe section blank reaches 20-25 MPa, and maintaining the pressure to be stable; when the distance between the left punch and the right punch is reduced to a set value L1=2a + 10-15 mm, releasing pressure, and taking out a formed four-way blank;
machining the four-way blank according to the size required by the design;
step five, annealing the machined four-way pipe fitting, and then discharging and cooling;
and sixthly, spraying 120-mesh brown corundum sand grains to the inner surface and the outer surface of the annealed copper-nickel alloy four-way pipe under the action of air pressure, so as to obtain the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way finished pipe meeting the requirements.
2. The forming method of the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting according to claim 1, wherein the air pressure in the sixth step is 0.5 MPa-0.8 MPa.
3. The forming method of the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting according to claim 1, wherein the annealing treatment adopts a warm charging furnace, the heating temperature is 700-750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.5 h.
4. The method for forming the seamless four-way pipe fitting made of the copper-nickel alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the main pipe of the die cavity of the four-way forming die is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe section blank, the inner diameters of the branch pipes of the die cavity are respectively the same as the outer diameters of the two branch pipes of the four-way target pipe fitting, and the transition chamfers of the main branch pipes of the upper die and the lower die of the four-way forming die are respectively equal to the corresponding fillets of the four-way target pipe fitting.
5. The forming method of the copper-nickel alloy seamless four-way pipe fitting according to claim 1, wherein a left punch and a right punch on the inner high-pressure forming machine are respectively connected with a supercharger of the inner high-pressure forming machine through threads, through holes which axially extend and penetrate are formed in the punches, the diameter of each through hole is 15-20 mm, and the diameter of a pushing end of each punch is equal to the outer diameter of a pipe section blank.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN115740167A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-03-07 | 河北亚都管道装备集团有限公司 | Equal-diameter hot extrusion forming process for steel seamless thick-wall tee joint |
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