Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems that the coverage area of a base station in the traditional network architecture is small, and the wide area coverage can only be realized by increasing the distribution density of the base station, so that the existing 5G network has the difficulties of high distribution cost, insufficient coverage area, high operation power consumption and the like aiming at the access of mass terminals, the invention provides a mobile-piggyback-based 5G wide area internet of things architecture and a data transmission method thereof, which realize the functions of expanding the network coverage area, reducing the system operation and maintenance cost and supporting the access of mass equipment.
The invention is realized by the following scheme:
a mobile piggybacking based 5G wide area internet of things architecture, the architecture comprising: the system comprises a ground terminal 1, a mobile forwarding node 2, a network access node 3 and a core network 4;
the ground terminal 1 is connected with a mobile forwarding node 2, the mobile forwarding node 2 is connected with a network access node 3, and the network access node 3 is connected with a core network 4;
the ground terminal 1 consists of a handheld mobile station 101, intelligent wearable equipment 102 and a sensor 103; the handheld mobile station 101 and the intelligent wearable device 102 are both connected to a first wireless transmission module 2011 of a first mobile forwarding node 201, and the sensor 103 is connected to a second wireless transmission module 2021 of a second mobile forwarding node 202;
the mobile forwarding node 2 includes a first mobile forwarding node 201 and a second mobile forwarding node 202, the first mobile forwarding node 201 and the second mobile forwarding node 202 are in wireless communication connection, and the first mobile forwarding node 201 is composed of a first wireless transmission module 2011, a first service control unit 2012 and a first ad hoc network module 2013; the second mobile forwarding node 202 is composed of a second wireless transmission module 2021, a second service control unit 2022 and a second ad hoc network module 2023;
the network access node 3 is composed of a home subscriber information management module 301, a terminal identity authentication module 302 and a mobility management module 303.
Further, in the first mobile forwarding node 201, the first wireless transmission module 2011 is used for realizing interconnection with the network access node 3 and the ground terminal 1;
the first service control unit 2012 implements storage management of user information, user priority, and dispatcher list information related to the service;
the first ad hoc network module 2013 is used for supporting the functions of data transmission, dynamic routing and ad hoc network management which can be realized between the mobile forwarding nodes 2;
in the second mobile forwarding node 202, the interconnection with the network access node 3 and the ground terminal 1 is realized through a second wireless transmission module 2021;
the second service control unit 2022 implements storage management of user information, user priority, and dispatcher list information related to the service;
the second ad hoc network module 2023 is used to support the functions of data transmission, dynamic routing and ad hoc network management between the mobile forwarding nodes 2.
Further, in the network access node 3,
the home subscriber information management module 301 is configured to store terminal management related information in a jurisdiction of the wireless access system;
the terminal identity authentication module 302 is configured to store authentication information and an encryption key;
the mobility management module 303 is configured to store and manage the location and the mobile line information of the mobile forwarding node 2, so as to implement scheduling and control of the mobile forwarding node 2.
A data transmission method based on the network architecture comprises the following steps:
using data forwarding nodes with mobility capability like the first mobile forwarding node 201 and the second mobile forwarding node 202, the data of the ground terminal 1 is brought back to the core network 4: the transmission method comprises the following two steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the ground terminal 1 activates and uploads data;
step two: carrying and forwarding data;
step three: and accessing the data to the network.
Further:
for time delay non-sensitive service in a network, when a mobile forwarding node 2 passes through the area near the ground terminal 1 equipment, the information to be sent by the ground terminal 1 is collected to a node buffer area, and the information is stored all the time in the moving process; when the mobile forwarding node reaches the communication range of the base station, the mobile forwarding node 2 transmits the terminal service to the network access node 3, and finally transmits the information to the core network 4;
for the service with higher time delay requirement in the network, a data multi-hop forwarding network access mode is adopted, a plurality of mobile forwarding nodes form a self-organizing network, and the terminal service is transmitted to a network access node 3 and finally transmitted to a core network 4 in a wireless multi-hop mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects
(1) The mobile forwarding node provided by the network architecture of the invention can be closer to the user terminal, and theoretically, the power consumption expense caused by the access of the terminal can be effectively reduced;
(2) The terminal of the invention avoids the random access collision problem caused by the terminal sending an application to the base station at the same time by the way of indirect network access of the mobile node, therefore, the scheme can effectively support the mass access of the networking equipment;
(3) The network architecture of the invention can reduce the requirement of the system on the distribution density of the base stations, thereby reducing the cost of network deployment and operation maintenance.
Detailed Description
A mobile piggybacking based 5G wide area internet of things architecture, the architecture comprising: the system comprises a ground terminal 1, a mobile forwarding node 2, a network access node 3 and a core network 4;
the ground terminal 1 is connected with a mobile forwarding node 2, the mobile forwarding node 2 is connected with a network access node 3, and the network access node 3 is connected with a core network 4;
the ground terminal 1 consists of a handheld mobile station 101, intelligent wearable equipment 102 and a sensor 103; the handheld mobile station 101 and the intelligent wearable device 102 are both connected to a first wireless transmission module 2011 of a first mobile forwarding node 201, and the sensor 103 is connected to a second wireless transmission module 2021 of a second mobile forwarding node 202;
the mobile forwarding node 2 is a wireless data forwarding device based on wireless piggybacking, and the device has the remarkable characteristics of having the capability of data transmission and forwarding and also having controllable moving capability. The method is used for realizing information forwarding of the terminal data to the network access node. The mobile forwarding node 2 has three functions of wireless data transmission, terminal service control and self-organizing network;
the mobile forwarding node 2 includes a first mobile forwarding node 201 and a second mobile forwarding node 202, the first mobile forwarding node 201 and the second mobile forwarding node 202 are in wireless communication connection, and the first mobile forwarding node 201 is composed of a first wireless transmission module 2011, a first service control unit 2012 and a first ad hoc network module 2013; the second mobile forwarding node 202 is composed of a second wireless transmission module 2021, a second service control unit 2022 and a second ad hoc network module 2023;
the network access node 3 is composed of a home subscriber information management module 301, a terminal identity authentication module 302 and a mobility management module 303.
Further, in the first mobile forwarding node 201, the first wireless transmission module 2011 is used for implementing interconnection with the network access node 3 and the ground terminal 1;
the first service control unit 2012 implements storage management of user information, user priority, and dispatcher list information related to the service;
the first ad hoc network module 2013 is used for supporting the functions of data transmission, dynamic routing and ad hoc network management which can be realized between the mobile forwarding nodes 2;
in the second mobile forwarding node 202, the interconnection with the network access node 3 and the ground terminal 1 is realized through a second wireless transmission module 2021;
the second service control unit 2022 implements storage management of user information, user priority, and dispatcher list information related to the service;
the second ad hoc network module 2023 is used to support the functions of data transmission, dynamic routing and ad hoc network management between the mobile forwarding nodes 2.
Further, in the network access node 3, the network access node has a data network access function and a network maintenance management capability, and a 5G base station is a typical example thereof.
The home subscriber information management module 301 is configured to store terminal management related information in a jurisdiction of the wireless access system; including terminal identification code, service type, access capability, etc.; the working state information comprises the position of the terminal, transmission capability and the like;
the terminal identity authentication module 302 is used for storing authentication information and an encryption key; preventing unauthorized user from accessing system and enciphering and protecting data and signaling in radio interface;
the mobility management module 303 is configured to store and manage the location and the mobile line information of the mobile forwarding node 2, so as to implement scheduling and control of the mobile forwarding node 2.
And carrying the terminal data back to the core network by using a data forwarding node with the moving capability, wherein the information transmission method is called moving piggybacking. In particular, mobile carriers in the network, such as cars, trains, airliners, etc., may act as mobile forwarding nodes 2 of the system. For the time delay non-sensitive service in the network, when the mobile forwarding node 2 passes through the area near the terminal equipment, the information to be sent by the terminal can be collected to the node buffer area, and the information is stored in the moving process. And transmitting the terminal service to the network access node until the mobile forwarding node reaches the communication range of the base station, so that the information enters the core network. For the service with higher time delay requirement, a wireless multi-hop form can be adopted to transmit the terminal service to the network access node.
A data transmission method based on the network architecture comprises the following steps:
using data forwarding nodes with mobility capability like the first mobile forwarding node 201 and the second mobile forwarding node 202, the data of the ground terminal 1 is brought back to the core network 4: the transmission method comprises the following two steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the ground terminal 1 activates and uploads data;
step two: data is piggybacked and forwarded;
step three: and accessing the data to the network.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
for time delay non-sensitive service in a network, when a mobile forwarding node 2 passes through the area near the ground terminal 1 equipment, the information to be sent by the ground terminal 1 is collected to a node buffer area, and the information is stored all the time in the moving process; when the mobile forwarding node reaches the communication range of the base station, the mobile forwarding node 2 transmits the terminal service to the network access node 3, and finally transmits the information to the core network 4;
for the service with higher time delay requirement in the network, a data multi-hop forwarding network access mode is adopted, a plurality of mobile forwarding nodes form a self-organizing network, the wireless multi-hop mode is adopted, the terminal service is transmitted to a network access node 3, and finally the terminal service is transmitted to a core network 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the data network access process includes three processes of terminal activation and data upload, data piggybacking and forwarding, and data network access, which will be described in detail below.
User terminal activation and data upload:
the ground terminal 1 comprises a handheld mobile station 101, an intelligent wearable device 102, various sensors 103 for different purposes and the like.
In order to reduce the power consumption of the system, the ground terminal 1 is in a dormant state when no information is transmitted; the mobile forwarding node 2 periodically sends the pilot information including node idle resources, synchronization frames and the like.
When an information terminal to be transmitted receives a pilot signal broadcast by a certain mobile forwarding node, the terminal switches from a dormant state to an active state, such as an active process shown by a sensor node 103 in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 2, in the data uploading process shown in the handheld mobile station 101 and the intelligent wearable device 102, after the user is successfully activated, an information uploading request may be sent to the mobile forwarding node by using a low-power wireless transmission technology, such as ZigBee, loRa, or another novel technology, where the request includes a transmission resource used for implementing data uploading. When the requested transmission resource is not occupied by other users on the forwarding node, the forwarding node feeds back a response signal to the service request terminal, allows the service request terminal to access, establishes a wireless link and realizes service information uploading; otherwise the forwarding node does not feed back any information. When the terminal sending the service request does not receive the response signal within a certain time, the request is regarded as invalid, and the terminal needs to perform the request process again on other resources.
Data piggybacking and forwarding:
the mobile forwarding node 2 sets corresponding user processing priority for the user data according to the information of the service type, the service quality requirement, the time delay requirement and the like of the terminal data, and preferentially processes the service with high requirements on time delay and service quality in the network. For a certain data request, when the data sending destination address is inconsistent with the moving direction of the mobile forwarding node or the service data needs to be forwarded in a multi-hop manner, the mobile node forwards the data request, for example, in fig. 2, the first mobile forwarding node 201 transmits the data to the second mobile forwarding node 202 through a wireless link.
For the case that the data sending destination address is consistent with the moving direction of the mobile forwarding node, the mobile forwarding node stores the information in the moving process until the mobile forwarding node reaches a communication range of a certain base station, and transmits the terminal service to the network access node, for example, the first mobile forwarding node 201 in fig. 2 offloads the data to the network access node 3 in a data piggybacking manner.
And finally, under the condition that the data request sending target address is inconsistent with the moving direction of the mobile forwarding node and a next proper forwarding node is unavailable temporarily, the information is forwarded to enter a pending state, and the mobile forwarding node temporarily stores the information until meeting the proper forwarding node and then forwards the data.
For the control process of data forwarding, the mobile forwarding nodes may implement information mutual transmission under the unified scheduling and control of the access nodes, the mobility management module 303 in the network access node 3 may support the implementation of this function, and may also implement information multi-hop transmission in the form of forming an ad hoc network between nodes, and the ad hoc network module 2013 in the first mobile forwarding node 201 and the ad hoc network module 2023 in the second mobile forwarding node 202 may support the implementation of this function. Dynamic routing protocols and network maintenance management are key technologies for ensuring information forwarding.
Data networking:
when the mobile forwarding node 2 reaches the area near the network access node 3, the terminal data received by the node is summarized, and then the information is transmitted to the network access node through a 5G wireless transmission protocol. The network access node 3 performs validity check on the uploaded user identity and information through terminal identity authentication, and uploads the data passing the security authentication to the core network, and the terminal identity authentication module 302 in the network access node 3 can support the realization of the function. For a terminal newly joining the network, registration and management are performed through the home subscriber information management center, and the home subscriber information management module 301 in the network access node 3 can support the implementation of this function. The system regularly maintains the network node information to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the system, and clears the node information exiting the system, thereby avoiding the influence of redundant information on the network performance.
The mobile piggyback-based 5G wide area internet of things architecture proposed by the present invention is introduced in detail, and the principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained, and the above description of the embodiment is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.