CN113364521B - Light beam storage comparison capturing method based on tiny satellite ground aiming - Google Patents
Light beam storage comparison capturing method based on tiny satellite ground aiming Download PDFInfo
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- CN113364521B CN113364521B CN202110902746.1A CN202110902746A CN113364521B CN 113364521 B CN113364521 B CN 113364521B CN 202110902746 A CN202110902746 A CN 202110902746A CN 113364521 B CN113364521 B CN 113364521B
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Abstract
The invention provides a light beam storage comparison capturing method based on the ground aiming of a tiny satellite. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, a micro satellite platform controls a laser communication terminal to aim to a ground station through an optical axis; the method comprises the steps that a ground station emits capture beacon light, a set scanning area is covered in a skip scanning mode, scanning parameters comprise scanning angle intervals and scanning time intervals of a light beam storage comparison capture method, and after the ground station completes skip scanning of the whole field, a laser communication terminal sends stored capture detection information to a satellite platform and transmits the capture detection information to the ground station through a satellite measurement and control channel; the ground station compares the captured detection information with the ground jump-scan time sequence angular position information, determines the stored information sequence label of the captured beacon according to whether the power meets the capture judgment threshold value, calculates the corresponding ground jump-scan time sequence angular position, corrects the capture initial aiming angle amount by utilizing the angular position, restarts the capture of the satellite-ground link and can quickly finish the capture in a short time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a light beam storage comparison capturing method based on tiny satellite ground aiming, and belongs to the technical field of laser communication capturing.
Background
The laser communication capturing is mainly used for building a satellite optical communication link and recovering the link after abnormal interruption, and the link tracking and communication can be carried out after the capturing is completed. Generally, the time period of the satellite-to-earth satellite optical communication link is limited due to earth obstruction and the like, and the acquisition can be quickly completed within the limited link time to complete the information transmission as much as possible. In the process of capturing the satellite-ground laser link, the transmitting end scans an uncertain domain (a two-dimensional angular domain which may appear in a satellite at the receiving end) by using beacon light, once effective coverage of the beacon light is realized, the receiving end responds to the transmitting end with a feedback light signal, the two terminals respectively lock by using the light beams of the other side, and finally a two-way light beam detection closed-loop laser link is established.
Each laser communication terminal part for completing the acquisition generally comprises 3 coarse aiming devices, fine aiming devices and CMOS detection devices, wherein the coarse aiming devices are used for aiming, tracking and scanning in a large angle range; the fine aiming device is used for scanning, tracking and aiming in advance within a small angle range; and the CMOS detection communication real-time adjustment window size is matched with the light beam tracking of the coarse aiming device and the fine aiming device.
In a satellite ground laser communication link, capturing is divided into three processes of initial aiming, beam scanning and locking, and a coarse aiming device, a fine aiming device and a CMOS detection device are required to be matched with each other to complete the capturing. Because the bearing weight of the microsatellite is limited, a satellite platform is generally used for replacing a laser communication terminal coarse aiming device to realize large-angle range aiming, tracking and scanning so as to reduce the weight of the laser communication terminal.
The current satellite laser communication terminal generally has the weight of 10kg to 50kg, consumes about 100W of power, and is mostly installed on a low-orbit satellite or a high-orbit satellite platform. In recent years, with the development of space-based internet, microsatellites are more and more widely applied in space. The weight of the micro-satellite platform is generally 100-500 kg, remote sensing and measurement and control equipment is carried besides the weight of the platform, and the weight requirement on satellite-borne laser communication is generally in the order of several kg. The traditional satellite laser communication terminal generally comprises a two-dimensional rotary table, a light path, an electric control part and the like, is difficult to achieve within 5kg, and cannot meet the carrying and running requirements of a microsatellite.
The technical means for solving the problems is to remove a two-dimensional rotary table of a satellite laser communication terminal, realize coarse aiming by using a microsatellite platform, and only perform light receiving and transmitting and fine aiming at the laser communication terminal. As the microsatellite platform is mainly measured and controlled through the ground, the satellite-borne laser communication terminal cannot control the microsatellite platform in real time, the risk of light beam missing capture is high, the problems of long capture time, low capture probability and the like which influence the link performance are caused, and the application of the satellite platform laser communication technology is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that a microsatellite platform is long in ground laser communication capturing time, easy to miss scanning and the like, and provides a light beam storage comparison capturing method based on microsatellite ground aiming. The method can realize the rapid capture of the laser link under the condition of no satellite terminal two-dimensional turntable large-angle scanning, and has the advantages of short capture time, high capture probability and the like.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a light beam storage comparison capturing method based on the ground aiming of a tiny satellite comprises the following steps:
(1) the micro-satellite platform adjusts the satellite attitude in a preset time period according to the orbit, the attitude and the ground station position information, and controls the laser communication terminal to aim at the ground station by an optical axis;
(2) the ground station emits and captures beacon light, a set scanning area is covered by adopting a skip scanning mode, and scanning parameters comprise scanning angle intervals
Scanning time interval of light beam storage comparison capture method
The specific calculation method is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
to capture the beacon light divergence angle;
an overlap compensation amount set to take into account a ground terminal scan control error; t isLRelaxation time for satellite-to-ground link beam transmission; t isaThe detection response time of the laser communication terminal;
(3) after the ground station finishes the whole field of jumping and sweeping, the laser communication terminal captures the stored detection information (t)n，Pn) To a satellite platform, where tnFor capturing the detection time series, PnFor the detected beacon light power value, n is a stored information sequence label;
(4) capturing probe information (t)n，Pn) Transmitting the data to a ground station through a satellite measurement and control channel;
(5) ground station utilization catcherAcquiring probe information (t)n，Pn) Comparing the acquired information with the ground jump-scanning time sequence angular position information, and determining the value of the number n of the stored information sequence labels of the captured beacons according to whether the power meets the capture judgment threshold, wherein the value is n = A; and A is the sequence number of the capture detection information corresponding to the capture threshold value is compared according to the stored information of the laser communication terminal.
(6) And the ground station corrects the initial acquisition aiming angle according to the ground jump-scan time sequence angular position corresponding to n = A, restarts the acquisition of the satellite-ground link and can quickly finish the acquisition in a short time.
Further, the divergence angle of the captured beacon light in step (2)
Take 200 to 1000 urad.
Further, the overlap compensation amount considering the ground terminal scanning control error setting in the step (2)
Is 10 to 50 urad.
Further, the capture judgment threshold in the step (5) is 5 to 10 times of the average of the power of the CMOS detection background noise.
Has the advantages that:
the invention adopts the light beam storage comparison and capture method, the ground station does not need to wait for the return light signal of the laser communication terminal in the process of transmitting and capturing the beacon light at the ground station and covering the set scanning area by adopting the skip scanning mode, thereby reducing the satellite-ground bidirectional transmission delay compensation amount, greatly reducing the time interval of skip scanning of the ground station, being capable of rapidly finishing the whole field scanning and simultaneously reducing the probability of the occurrence of the skip scanning condition caused by the attitude drift of the satellite platform. Compared with the traditional bidirectional capturing method, the maximum time of capturing and scanning the whole field is obviously reduced, the capturing performance of the satellite-ground laser link can be obviously improved, and the method has great significance for the low-orbit microsatellite and ground laser link with limited link time period.
Detailed Description
The light beam storage comparison capturing method based on the ground aiming of the tiny satellite comprises the following steps:
(1) the micro-satellite platform adjusts the satellite attitude in a preset time period according to the orbit, the attitude and the ground station position information, and controls the laser communication terminal to aim at the ground station by an optical axis; in the whole capturing process, the microsatellite platform keeps the aiming state;
(2) the ground station emits and captures beacon light, a set scanning area is covered by adopting a skip scanning mode, and scanning parameters comprise angle intervals
And time interval
In the prior art, the conventional bidirectional scanning capture method is generally adopted, and the scanning angle interval
And scanning time interval
The algorithm is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
to capture the beacon light divergence angle;
an overlap compensation amount set to take into account a ground terminal scan control error;
for the relaxation time of the beam transmission of the satellite-ground link, the formula is 2 because the round-trip transmission of the beam needs to be considered
；
For the probe response time of a laser communication terminal,
the method is used for aiming and controlling the execution time of the microsatellite platform, the aiming and controlling of the microsatellite platform are completed by maneuvering and adjusting the attitude of the microsatellite body, and the satellite platform measurement and control channel has low refreshing frequency, so that the time is long and is generally in the magnitude of 1-10 s.
The invention adopts the method of storing, comparing and capturing the light beam, and the ground station does not need to wait for the return light signal of the laser communication terminal, therefore, the scanning angle interval of the invention
Scanning time interval of light beam storage comparison capture method
The calculation method comprises the following steps:
scanning time interval of light beam storage comparison capture method
The satellite-ground bidirectional transmission delay compensation quantity is reduced, and the satellite-ground bidirectional transmission delay compensation quantity is avoided
Time delay can greatly reduce the time interval of jumping scanning of the ground station, can quickly complete the whole scanning field, and simultaneously reduces the probability of missing scanning caused by the attitude drift of the satellite platform.
(3) After the ground station finishes the whole field of jumping and sweeping, the laser communication terminal captures the stored detection information (t)n，Pn) To a satellite platform, where tnFor capturing the detection time series, PnFor the detected beacon light power value, n is a stored information sequence label;
(4) capturing probe information (t)n，Pn) Transmitting the data to a ground station through a satellite measurement and control channel;
(5) ground station using acquisition probe information (t)n，Pn) Comparing the acquired information with the ground jump-scanning time sequence angular position information, and determining the value of the number n of the stored information sequence labels of the captured beacons according to whether the power meets the capture judgment threshold, wherein the value is n = A; and A is the sequence number of the capture detection information corresponding to the capture threshold value is compared according to the stored information of the laser communication terminal.
(6) And the ground station corrects the initial acquisition aiming angle according to the ground jump-scan time sequence angular position corresponding to n = A, restarts the acquisition of the satellite-ground link and can quickly finish the acquisition in a short time.
Taking a tiny satellite-to-ground laser communication link with the track height of 500km as an example, setting the capture scanning range to be 2.5mrad, and taking the divergence angle of captured beacon light
400urad, overlap offset
32urad, relaxation time of satellite-to-ground link beam transport
3ms, detection response time of laser communication terminal
25ms, microsatellitePlatform aiming control execution time
Is 2 s. The following parameters can be obtained: angular interval
=250urad, corresponding number of scanning points N =
= 100; the scanning time intervals corresponding to the scanning methods of the present invention are respectively
=2.031s and
=0.028s。
using the above data estimation, using a conventional bidirectional scan capture method, the maximum time to capture a full field of scan is: t1= N
=203.1 s. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the maximum time for capturing and scanning the whole field is T2= N
=2.8 s. T1 differs from T by a multiple of 70.
In conclusion, the invention provides a light beam storage comparison capturing method based on the ground aiming of the microsatellite, compared with the traditional two-way capturing method, the maximum time of capturing and scanning the whole field is obviously reduced, the average capturing time of a satellite-ground laser link can be obviously reduced, and the method has great significance for the low-orbit microsatellite and ground laser link with limited link time period.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention. The technology not related to the invention can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (1)
1. A light beam storage comparison capturing method based on tiny satellite ground aiming is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the micro-satellite platform adjusts the satellite attitude in a preset time period according to the orbit, the attitude and the ground station position information, and controls the laser communication terminal to aim at the ground station by an optical axis;
(2) the ground station emits and captures beacon light, a set scanning area is covered by adopting a skip scanning mode, and scanning parameters comprise a scanning angle interval IθScanning time interval T 'by beam memory comparison capture method'θThe specific calculation method is as follows:
T′θ＝TL+Ta
in the formula, thetarTo capture the beacon light divergence angle; deltamaxAn overlap compensation amount set to take into account a ground terminal scan control error; t isLRelaxation time for satellite-to-ground link beam transmission; t isaThe detection response time of the laser communication terminal;
(3) after the ground station finishes the whole field of jumping and sweeping, the laser communication terminal captures the stored detection information (t)n，Pn) To a satellite platform, where tnFor capturing the detection time series, PnFor the detected beacon light power value, n is a stored information sequence label;
(4) capturing probe information (t)n，Pn) Transmitting the data to a ground station through a satellite measurement and control channel;
(5) ground station using acquisition probe information (t)n，Pn) Comparing the acquired information with the ground jump-scanning time sequence angular position information, determining the value of the stored information sequence index n of the captured beacon according to whether the power meets the capture judgment threshold, and taking n as A; a is based on the comparison of the laser communication terminal storage informationAcquiring a detection information serial number corresponding to a sufficient acquisition threshold;
(6) the ground station corrects the initial acquisition aiming angle according to the ground jump-scan time sequence angular position corresponding to the n-A, restarts the acquisition of the satellite-ground link and can quickly finish the acquisition in a short time;
the divergence angle θ of the captured beacon light in step (2)rTaking 200-1000 urad;
the overlap compensation quantity delta considering the scanning control error setting of the ground terminal in the step (2)maxIs 10 to 50 urad;
and (5) taking 5 to 10 times of the average power of the CMOS detection background noise as the capture judgment threshold value.
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| CN1825787A (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2006-08-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for establishing laser link between low orbit safellite and ground station |
| CN101072072A (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2007-11-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Space optical communication terminal scanning acquisition performance ground test method |
| CN111669224A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-15 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Inter-satellite laser communication aiming deviation on-orbit measurement and correction method |
| CN113296128A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-24 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | System and method for establishing laser communication link between high-capture-rate low-orbit satellites |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1825787A (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2006-08-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for establishing laser link between low orbit safellite and ground station |
| CN101072072A (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2007-11-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Space optical communication terminal scanning acquisition performance ground test method |
| CN111669224A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-15 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Inter-satellite laser communication aiming deviation on-orbit measurement and correction method |
| CN113296128A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-24 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | System and method for establishing laser communication link between high-capture-rate low-orbit satellites |
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