CN113363011B - Solvent-free polymer ion conductor and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Solvent-free polymer ion conductor and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of functional polymer materials, and discloses a solvent-free polymer ion conductor and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly contacting a compound containing amino or hydrazide, an aldehyde compound and organic metal lithium salt in an organic solvent to perform reversible Schiff base reaction to obtain gel, and then drying the gel to obtain the solvent-free polymer ion conductor. The solvent-free polymer ionic conductor prepared by the method has the advantage of high room-temperature ionic conductivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of functional polymer materials, in particular to a solvent-free polymer ion conductor and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The polymer ion conductor has the advantages of good film forming property, light weight, good flexibility, high stability and the like, can endow the polymer ion conductor with various functionalities such as stretching, self-healing, transparency, shape memory and the like through flexible and diversified molecular chain design, shows good application prospect, and attracts wide attention.
Polymeric ion conductors can generally be divided into two categories: polymer gels and solventless polymer ionic conductors. The liquid in the polymer gel is subjected to phase change solidification at low temperature, and the solvent in the gel is volatilized at room/high temperature, so that the stretchability and the ionic conductivity of the gel are sharply reduced, and thus the thermal stability and the environmental adaptability are poor, and the practical application conversion is still difficult to realize at present.
The solvent-free polymer ion conductor contains hetero atoms (O, S, Si, N, etc.) with lone pair electrons in its molecular chain and metal salt ions (Li) + Etc.), and along with the movement of the polymer molecule chain segment, the metal ions and the lone pair electrons on the hetero atoms are continuously complexed and dissociated through coordination, so that the migration of the metal ions along the polymer molecule chain and among the chains can be realized. Although the solvent-free polymer ion conductor is polymerizedCompared with the polymer gel, the practical application conversion can be realized, but the biggest bottleneck problem of the solvent-free polymer ion conductor at present is low room-temperature ion conductivity.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a solvent-free polymer ion conductor with high ionic conductivity at room temperature and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem of low room-temperature ionic conductivity of a solvent-free polymer ionic conductor in the prior art, and provides a solvent-free polymer ionic conductor and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a solvent-free polymer ion conductor, the method comprising: firstly, contacting a compound containing amino or hydrazide, an aldehyde compound and organic metal lithium salt in an organic solvent to perform reversible Schiff base reaction to obtain gel, and drying the gel to obtain a solvent-free polymer ion conductor;
wherein at least one of the amino-or hydrazide-containing compound and the aldehyde compound is a polymer;
the compound containing amino is selected from at least one of polyoxyethylene diamine, polydimethylsiloxane diamine, pyromellitic triamine and p-phenylenediamine, and the compound containing hydrazide is selected from polyoxyethylene blocked by di-p-benzoyl hydrazine and/or polydimethylsiloxane blocked by N, N, N, N-tetrapropionyl hydrazine;
the aldehyde compound is at least one of trimesic aldehyde, terephthalaldehyde, 2,2, 2-trisubstituted p-benzaldehyde methyl ether ethane, aldehyde-terminated polyoxyethylene and aldehyde-terminated polydimethylsiloxane;
the organic metal lithium salt is selected from at least one of lithium bis (trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a solvent-free composition prepared by the method of the second aspectA polymeric ion conductor; preferably, the solvent-free polymer ion conductor has an ionic conductivity of 0.3X 10 at room temperature -4 S/cm-5×10 -4 S/cm, preferably 0.4X 10 -4 S/cm-3×10 -4 S/cm。
In a third aspect, the invention provides a use of a solventless polymer ionic conductor in a battery.
Through the technical scheme, the beneficial technical effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1) the solvent-free polymer ion conductor provided by the invention has the advantage of high room-temperature ionic conductivity;
2) the preparation method of the solvent-free polymer ionic conductor provided by the invention is simple to operate and suitable for industrial popularization;
3) the solvent-free polymer ion conductor provided by the invention has a good application prospect in the field of batteries.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared image of a solventless polymer ionic conductor prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an infrared image of a solventless polymer ionic conductor prepared in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a thermogravimetric plot of the solventless polymer ionic conductor prepared in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of an ionic conductivity test of the solventless polymer ionic conductor prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5a is a graph showing the results of mechanical property tests on the solventless polymer ionic conductor prepared in example 1;
fig. 5b is a graph showing the results of electrical property tests of the solventless polymer ionic conductor prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a solvent-free polymer ion conductor, the method comprising: firstly, contacting a compound containing amino or hydrazide, an aldehyde compound and organic metal lithium salt in an organic solvent to perform reversible Schiff base reaction to obtain gel, and drying the gel to obtain a solvent-free polymer ion conductor;
wherein at least one of the amino-or hydrazide-containing compound and the aldehyde compound is a polymer;
the compound containing amino is selected from at least one of polyoxyethylene diamine, polydimethylsiloxane diamine, pyromellitic triamine and p-phenylenediamine, and the compound containing hydrazide is selected from polyoxyethylene blocked by di-p-benzoyl hydrazine and/or polydimethylsiloxane blocked by N, N, N, N-tetrapropionyl hydrazine;
the aldehyde compound is selected from at least one of trimesic aldehyde, terephthalaldehyde, aldehyde-terminated polyoxyethylene and aldehyde-terminated polydimethylsiloxane;
the organic metal lithium salt is selected from lithium bis (trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) and lithium perchlorate (LiClO) 4 ) Lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF) 6 ) Lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF) 4 ) Lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF) 6 ) And (b) lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTf).
In a preferred embodiment, the amino group-containing compound is a polyoxyethylene diamine or a polydimethylsiloxane diamine. Wherein the number average molecular weight of the polyoxyethylene diamine is 10000g/mol of 1000-
Wherein n represents the degree of polymerization of the polyoxyethylene diamine, corresponding to the number average molecular weight of the polyoxyethylene diamine. The number average molecular weight of the polydimethylsiloxane diamine is 10000g/mol, preferably 3000-8000g/mol, and the chemical structural formula is represented as
Wherein m represents the degree of polymerization of the polydimethylsiloxane diamine, corresponding to the number average molecular weight of the polydimethylsiloxane diamine.
In a preferred embodiment, the aldehyde compound is trimesic aldehyde and the organometallic lithium salt is lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide.
In a preferred embodiment, the solvent is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dichloromethane (CH) 2 Cl 2 ) Trichloromethane (CHCl) 3 ) At least one of N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), preferably N, N-dimethylformamide and/or chloroform.
In a preferred embodiment, the contacting comprises: dissolving a compound containing amino or hydrazide and organic metal lithium salt in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution I; dissolving an aldehyde compound in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution II; then, the mixture I and the mixture II are mixed.
In a preferred embodiment, the amount of the amino-or hydrazide-containing compound added to the mixture I is 50mg to 2.5g, preferably 100mg to 2g, based on 1mL of the organic solvent; the amount of the organometallic lithium salt added is 0.5 to 4mmol, preferably 1 to 3 mmol.
In the preparation method provided by the invention, the organic metal lithium salt is basically not lost in the preparation process and completely enters the prepared solvent-free polymer ion conductor.
In a preferred embodiment, when the amino or hydrazide-containing compound is polyoxyethylene diamine, the amount of polyoxyethylene diamine added is 50 to 300mg, preferably 100 to 200mg, based on 1mL of the organic solvent; when the amino or hydrazide-containing compound is polydimethylsiloxane diamine, the addition amount of polyoxyethylene diamine is 0.5 to 2.5g, preferably 1.5 to 2g, based on 1mL of the organic solvent; when the organometallic lithium salt is lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide, the amount of lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide added is 0.1 to 1.5g, preferably 0.3 to 0.9g, based on 1mL of the organic solvent.
In a preferred embodiment, the amount of the aldehyde compound added to the mixed solution II is 1 to 20mg, preferably 5 to 15mg, based on 100. mu.L of the organic solvent.
In a preferred embodiment, the mixing volume ratio of mixed solution I to mixed solution II is 1 mL: 100-500. mu.L, preferably 1 mL: 125-300. mu.L.
In a preferred embodiment, the preparation of mixture I and mixture II is carried out at 40 to 80 ℃ and preferably at 50 to 70 ℃ and then cooled to room temperature.
In a preferred embodiment, mixture I and mixture II are mixed and then reacted at room temperature for 3 to 24 hours, preferably 1 to 3 hours. The room temperature is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be 10 to 40 ℃ and preferably 25 to 35 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the drying is vacuum drying, and the conditions of the vacuum drying include: the vacuum drying temperature is 50-80 ℃, preferably 60-70 ℃; the vacuum drying time is 30-60h, preferably 45-55 h.
In a preferred embodiment, when the amino-or hydrazide-containing compound is polyoxyethylene diamine, the aldehyde compound is trimesic aldehyde, and the organometallic lithium salt is lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, the resulting solvent-free polymeric ion conductor includes structure I and lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, wherein lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide is attached to the oxygen atom in structure I in a complexed form,
wherein, the structural formula I is only illustrated schematically, n1, n2 and n3 in the structural formula I are related to the polymerization degree n of the polyoxyethylene diamine, the n1, n2 and n3 can be the same or different, and the wave number in the structural formula I represents the repeating unit of the polyoxyethylene diamine and the trimeldehyde.
In a preferred embodiment, when the amino or hydrazide compound is polydimethylsiloxane diamine, the aldehyde compound is trimesic aldehyde, and the organic metal lithium salt is lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, the obtained solvent-free polymer ion conductor comprises structural formula II and lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, wherein the lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide is connected with the oxygen atom in structural formula II in a complexing manner
Wherein, the structural formula II is only illustrated schematically, m1, m2 and m3 in the structural formula II are related to the polymerization degree m of polydimethylsiloxane diamine, m1, m2 and m3 can be the same or different, and the wavy number in the structural formula II represents the repeating unit of the polydimethylsiloxane diamine and the trimesic aldehyde.
The solvent-free polymer ion conductor synthesized by the compound containing amino or hydrazide and the aldehyde compound selected by the invention has a three-dimensional network structure.
In the present invention, "solvent-free" means that the polymer ion conductor produced does not contain an organic solvent used in the contact.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a solvent-free polymer ionic conductor prepared by the preparation method of the first aspect of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment, the solventless polymer ionic conductor has an ionic conductivity of 0.3X 10 at room temperature -4 S/cm-5×10 -4 S/cm, preferably 0.4X 10 -4 S/cm-3×10 -4 S/cm。
In a third aspect, the invention provides a use of a solventless polymer ionic conductor in a battery.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. In the following examples, polyoxyethylene diamine was purchased from Allantin under the brand number P107103-5g and had a number average molecular weight of 2000 g/mol; polydimethylsiloxane diamine was purchased from Gelest under the trade designation DMS-A21 and had a number average molecular weight of 5000 g/mol.
Example 1
1) Dissolving 400mg of polyoxyethylene diamine (P107103-5g, number average molecular weight 2000g/mol) and 0.328g of lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide in 2mL of N, N-dimethylformamide at 60 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution I;
2) dissolving 25mg of trimesic aldehyde in 300 mu L of N, N-dimethylformamide at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution II;
3) and uniformly mixing the mixed solution I and the mixed solution II by using a mixing instrument, pouring the mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene grinding tool, removing bubbles, reacting for 2 hours at room temperature to obtain gel, and drying the obtained gel in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 48 hours to completely volatilize the solvent N, N-dimethylformamide so as to obtain the solvent-free polymer ion conductor.
Infrared spectroscopic analysis was performed on the solvent-free polymer ion conductor obtained in example 1, and the results are shown in FIG. 1: as can be seen from FIG. 1, 1646cm -1 The absorption peak of (a) corresponds to stretching vibration of C ═ N, and indicates the formation of the schiff base.
Example 2
1) Dissolving 2g of polydimethylsiloxane diamine (DMS-A21, the number average molecular weight is 5000g/mol) and 0.6g of lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide in 1mL of trichloromethane at room temperature to obtain a mixed solution I;
2) dissolving 33mg of trimesic aldehyde in 300 mu L of chloroform at room temperature to obtain a mixed solution II;
3) and uniformly mixing the mixed solution I and the mixed solution II by using a mixing instrument, pouring the mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene grinding tool, removing air bubbles, reacting for 2 hours at room temperature to obtain gel, and drying the obtained gel in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 48 hours to completely volatilize the chloroform solvent to obtain the solvent-free polymer ionic conductor.
The infrared spectrum analysis of the obtained solvent-free polymer ionic conductor is shown in FIG. 2: as can be seen from FIG. 2, 1646cm -1 Absorption peak of (2) corresponds to stretching vibration of C ═ N, which explains the formation of Schiff base, 1700cm -1 The absorption peak of (a) corresponds to stretching vibration of C ═ O due to addition of an excessive amount of trimesic aldehyde to the system.
Example 3
1) Dissolving 400mg of polyoxyethylene diamine and 0.82g of lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide in 4mL of N, N-dimethylformamide at 60 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution I;
2) dissolving 25mg of trimesic aldehyde in 500 mu L of N, N-dimethylformamide at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution II;
3) and uniformly mixing the mixed solution I and the mixed solution II by using a mixing instrument, pouring the mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene grinding tool, removing bubbles, reacting for 2 hours at room temperature to obtain gel, and drying the obtained gel in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 48 hours to completely volatilize the solvent N, N-dimethylformamide so as to obtain the solvent-free polymer ion conductor.
Test example 1
The solvent-free polymer ionic conductor prepared in example 1 was subjected to thermo-gravimetric analysis on a TGA5500 instrument of TA corporation under the following test conditions: the temperature rise rate is 10 ℃/min, the temperature rise range is 30-650 ℃, and the test result is shown in figure 3:
as can be seen from FIG. 3, the solvent-free polymer ionic conductor did not lose weight until 350 deg.C, and the solvent-free polymer ionic conductor began to degrade after 350 deg.C. Therefore, the solvent-free polymer ion conductor prepared in the embodiment 1 can be used in an environment below 350 ℃, and the application prospect is widened.
Test example 2
The ionic conductivity of the solvent-free polymer ionic conductor prepared in example 1 was measured in an electrochemical workstation CHI660E under the following conditions: ranging from-40 ℃ to 180 ℃ and the results of the test are shown in FIG. 4:
as can be seen from FIG. 2, the conductivity of the solvent-free polymer ion conductor at 25 ℃ was 2.04X 10 -4 S/cm, high ionic conductivity at room temperature, and wide application prospect in the field of flexible electronic devices.
Under the same conditions, the ion conductivity of the solvent-free polymer ion conductor prepared in examples 2 to 3 was measured, and the ion conductivity of the solvent-free polymer ion conductor prepared in example 2 at 25 ℃ was 4.2X 10 -5 S/cm, ionic conductivity of the solvent-free polymer ion conductor prepared in example 3 at 25 ℃ was 2.4X 10 -4 S/cm。
Test example 3
The self-healing test of mechanical properties is carried out on the solvent-free polymer ionic conductor prepared in the example 1 on an ESM301/Mark-1 universal mechanical tester instrument, and the test conditions are as follows: the tensile rate was 30mm/min and the test results are shown in FIG. 5 a: as can be seen from fig. 5a, the healing efficiency of the mechanical properties of the solvent-free polymer ion conductor prepared in example 1 was 95% or more at room temperature or 60 ℃.
The solvent-free polymer ion conductor prepared in example 1 was tested for resistance change before and after healing using a multimeter, and the test results are shown in fig. 5 b: the resistance of the ion conductor was immediately restored to the original value within several minutes after cutting, and the resistance was not increased after cutting for many times, thereby showing that the healing efficiency of the electrical properties of the solvent-free polymer ion conductor prepared in example 1 was more than 95%.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (18)
1. A method of making a solventless polymer ionic conductor, comprising: firstly, contacting a compound containing amino or hydrazide, an aldehyde compound and organic metal lithium salt in an organic solvent to perform reversible Schiff base reaction to obtain gel, and drying the gel to obtain a solvent-free polymer ion conductor;
wherein at least one of the amino-or hydrazide-containing compound and the aldehyde compound is a polymer;
the amino-containing compound is selected from at least one of polyoxyethylene diamine, polydimethylsiloxane diamine, pyromellitic triamine and p-phenylenediamine, and the hydrazide-containing compound is selected from polyoxyethylene blocked by bi-p-benzoyl hydrazine and/or polydimethylsiloxane blocked by N, N, N, N-tetrapropionyl hydrazine;
the aldehyde compound is at least one of trimesic aldehyde, terephthalaldehyde, 2,2, 2-trisubstituted p-benzaldehyde methyl ether ethane, aldehyde-terminated polyoxyethylene and aldehyde-terminated polydimethylsiloxane;
the organic metal lithium salt is at least one selected from bis (trifluoromethane) sulfonyl imide lithium, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the amino group-containing compound is polyoxyethylene diamine and/or polydimethylsiloxane diamine.
3. The preparation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number average molecular weight of the polyoxyethylene diamine is 1000-10000g/mol, and the number average molecular weight of the polydimethylsiloxane diamine is 2000-10000 g/mol.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the number average molecular weight of the polyoxyethylene diamine is 2000-4000g/mol, and the number average molecular weight of the polydimethylsiloxane diamine is 3000-8000 g/mol.
5. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the aldehyde compound is trimesic aldehyde and the organic metal lithium salt is lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide.
6. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane, chloroform, and N, N-dimethylformamide.
7. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the organic solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide and/or chloroform.
8. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the contacting comprises: dissolving a compound containing amino or hydrazide and organic metal lithium salt in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution I; dissolving an aldehyde compound in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution II; then mixing the mixed solution I and the mixed solution II.
9. The preparation process according to claim 8, wherein the amount of the amino-or hydrazide-containing compound added to the mixed solution I is 50mg to 2.5g and the amount of the organic metal lithium salt added is 0.5 to 4mmol, based on 1mL of the organic solvent.
10. The preparation process according to claim 9, wherein the amount of the amino-or hydrazide-containing compound added in the mixed solution I is 100mg to 2g and the amount of the organic metal lithium salt added is 1 to 3mmol based on 1mL of the organic solvent.
11. The process according to claim 8, wherein the aldehyde compound is added in an amount of 1 to 20mg based on 100. mu.L of the organic solvent in the mixed solution II.
12. The process according to claim 11, wherein the aldehyde compound is added in an amount of 5 to 15mg based on 100. mu.L of the organic solvent in the mixed solution II.
13. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein the mixture I and the mixture II are mixed at a ratio of 1 mL: 100-500. mu.L;
and mixing the mixed solution I and the mixed solution II, and reacting at room temperature for 1-24 h.
14. The preparation method according to claim 13, wherein the mixture I and the mixture II are mixed at a ratio of 1 mL: 125-300 μ L;
and mixing the mixed solution I and the mixed solution II, and reacting at room temperature for 1-3 h.
15. A solventless polymer ionic conductor prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-14.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the solventless polymer ionic conductor has an ionic conductivity of 0.3 x 10 at room temperature -4 S/cm-5×10 -4 S/cm。
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the solventless polymer ionic conductor has an ionic conductivity of 0.4 x 10 at room temperature -4 S/cm -3 ×10 -4 S/cm。
18. Use of the solventless polymer ionic conductor of any one of claims 15-17 in a battery.
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| CA3075355A1 (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-14 | Evorion Biotechnologies Gmbh | Systems, methods and hydrogels for cell culture and analysis |
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