CN113359369B - High-frequency anti-aliasing band-pass adjustable light analog-to-digital conversion device - Google Patents
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Abstract
A high frequency anti-aliasing bandpass optical analog-to-digital conversion apparatus comprising: the device comprises an orthogonal optical signal generation module, an electro-optical intensity modulation module, an orthogonal demultiplexing module, a photoelectric conversion module, an electric filtering module, an electric analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital signal processing unit and a frequency setting and synchronizing module; the invention can realize bandpass filtering and aliasing-free digitalization of signals at the same time, the passband bandwidth is not limited by devices such as an optical filter, and the passband bandwidth and the center frequency are flexibly configured by adjusting the filter bandwidth and the frequency setting in the electric filtering module and the setting frequency of the synchronous module respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to anti-aliasing band-pass sampling of a microwave signal, in particular to a high-frequency anti-aliasing band-pass adjustable optical analog-to-digital conversion device.
Background
With the development of information technology, the application of high-frequency signals is more and more widespread, which puts high demands on the receiving bandwidth and sampling rate of the analog-to-digital converter. Conventional electrical analog-to-digital converters have been difficult to meet current demands due to their extremely high frequency losses. Optical analog-to-digital converters that utilize the large bandwidth of photonic technology can effectively solve the bandwidth problem are considered as the direction of development of future analog-to-digital converters. Meanwhile, the requirement on the sampling rate of the system can be effectively reduced by means of down-converting the signals through bandpass sampling and acquiring all information of the signals.
The band-pass sampling of the signal often requires pre-filtering of the analog domain of the signal before sampling, which can avoid noise interference of other frequency bands in the signal, reduce the quantization precision requirement of the analog-to-digital converter, and simultaneously avoid huge calculation pressure during the processing of the back-end digital signal. Therefore, before the signal is digitized, the tunable bandpass filtering of the signal is of great significance in the analog domain through the microwave photon signal processing technology.
However, in the existing microwave photon signal processing and optical analog-to-digital conversion research, no optical analog-to-digital conversion scheme for realizing the band-pass adjustable frequency response by combining the two efficiently is known.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-frequency anti-aliasing band-pass adjustable optical analog-to-digital conversion device. The device can realize bandpass filtering and aliasing-free digitalization of signals at the same time, passband bandwidth is not limited by devices such as an optical filter, and passband bandwidth and center frequency are flexibly configured by adjusting filter bandwidth and frequency setting in an electric filtering module and setting frequency of a synchronous module respectively.
Based on the optical analog-digital conversion structure, the center frequency of a passband of the system frequency response can be adjusted through frequency control of the light intensity time domain waveform of the sampled optical signal, and meanwhile aliasing-free bandpass sampling in the passband can be realized through an orthogonal sampling mode.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the high-frequency anti-aliasing band-pass adjustable optical analog-to-digital conversion device comprises a parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module and is characterized in that an electro-optical intensity modulation module, an orthogonal demultiplexing module, a photoelectric conversion module, an electric filtering module, an electric analog-to-digital conversion module and a digital signal processing unit are sequentially arranged along the output light direction of the parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module, a first output end of a frequency setting and synchronizing module is connected with an input end of the parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module, a second output end of the frequency setting and synchronizing module is connected with the electric analog-to-digital conversion module, a first output end of the digital signal processing unit is connected with a control end of the frequency setting and synchronizing module, a second output end of the digital signal processing unit is connected with a reverse control end of the parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module, and an electric signal to be received is input from a radio frequency input end of the electro-optical intensity modulation module.
The parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module consists of a dual-wavelength light source, a wavelength division multiplexer, an adjustable optical delay line and a wavelength division multiplexer.
The parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module consists of a multi-wavelength light source, a first wavelength division multiplexer, an electro-optic modulator, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a phase shifter and a wavelength division multiplexer, wherein the multi-wavelength light source is a mode-locked laser with 2N frequency combs and generates 2N optical frequency signals with different wavelengths, N is a positive integer above 2, and the electro-optic modulator is an electro-optic intensity modulator.
The reverse control end of the orthogonal optical signal generating module is the control end of the adjustable optical delay line or the control end of the phase shifter, and the digital signal processing unit performs feedback control on the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module to enable the two orthogonal optical signal time domain waveforms output by the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module to be both with the frequency f c And the phase difference between the single-tone signal and the direct current is pi/2 all the time.
Each electric filter in the electric filter module is a low-pass filter and has a bandwidth smaller than that of the photoelectric converter and the electric analog-to-digital converter in the channel.
The electric A/D conversion module locks the reference clock provided by the second output end of the frequency setting and synchronizing module with the time domain waveform of the optical signal generated by the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module according to the frequency setting and synchronizing module, and the electric A/D conversion module uses f s And sampling the signal output by the electric filtering module for the sampling rate.
The frequency response of the two channels of the device are expressed as:
|H A，n (f)|∝|H E (f-f c )|，
wherein n=1 or 2, h E (Ω) is the frequency response of the electrical filter, the passband bandwidth of the device depends on the bandwidth of the corresponding electrical filter in the electrical filter module, and the center frequency depends on the frequency f of the orthogonal optical signal time domain waveform generated by the orthogonal optical signal generation module c And the passband bandwidth and the center frequency are respectively configurable by adjusting the bandwidth of the electric filters in the electric filter module and the frequency setting and synchronization module (8).
When the bandwidth of the electric filter in the electric filter module is less than or equal to f s At time of/2, the clothes are assembledAnd the received signals can be accurately judged and recovered because no signal aliasing exists in the range of the receiving passband.
The center frequency of the passband can be adjusted by controlling the frequency setting and synchronizing module to control the waveform frequency of the orthogonal optical signals generated by the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module; controlling the bandwidth of the passband by adjusting the bandwidth of the electrical filter in the electrical filter module; through quadrature sampling of two channels at the rear end, a zero intermediate frequency band-pass sampling result without aliasing can be obtained.
Based on the technical characteristics, the invention has the following advantages:
the band-pass optical analog-to-digital conversion device effectively breaks through the bandwidth limitation of the electronic technology; the zero intermediate frequency aliasing problem of band-pass sampling is solved by means of orthogonal sampling; by combining frequency response control based on optical signal shaping with orthogonal sampling electric analog-to-digital conversion, adjustable band-pass filtering and aliasing-free digitization of microwave signals are realized, and convenience is provided for storage and processing of digital signals in the next step.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a high frequency anti-aliasing band-pass tunable optical analog-to-digital conversion apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a system block diagram of a first embodiment of the high frequency anti-aliasing band-pass tunable optical analog-to-digital conversion apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of signal quadrature modulation.
Fig. 4 is a system block diagram of a second embodiment of the high frequency anti-aliasing band-pass tunable optical analog-to-digital conversion device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples. The embodiments and the process are given in detail on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Embodiment one:
the system block diagram of this embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and the high-frequency anti-aliasing band-pass tunable optical analog-to-digital conversion device of the present invention includes: a parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module 1, an electro-optical intensity modulating module 2, an orthogonal demultiplexing module 3, a photoelectric conversion module 4, an electric filtering module 5, an electric analog-to-digital conversion module 6, a digital signal processing unit 7 and a frequency setting and synchronizing module 8.
The parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module 1 is composed of a dual-wavelength light source 1-1, a wavelength division multiplexer 1-2, an adjustable optical delay line 1-3 and a wavelength division multiplexer 1-4, wherein the dual-wavelength light source 1-1 is an adjustable laser with two wavelengths, the wavelength division multiplexer 1-2 is an array waveguide grating, and the wavelength division multiplexer 1-4 is an array waveguide grating.
The dual-wavelength light source 1-1 generates two optical signals with different wavelengths, and the frequency setting and synchronizing module 8 (which is a signal generator) outputs a frequency f under the control of the digital signal processing unit 7 c (the sampling rate f of the electric analog-digital converter in the back-end electric analog-digital conversion module 6) s The wavelength division multiplexer 1-2 divides the optical signal into 2 paths according to the output wavelength position of the dual-wavelength light source 1-1, and uses the adjustable optical delay line 1-3 to delay one path of optical signal under the feedback control of the digital signal processing unit 7, so that the time domain waveform phase difference of the two paths of optical signals is pi/2, the frequency spectrums corresponding to the time domain waveforms of the orthogonal optical signals are respectively shown in fig. 3 (a), and the optical signals are multiplexed by the wavelength division multiplexer 1-4 and then output.
The electro-optical intensity modulation module 2 (a mach-zehnder electro-optical modulator) modulates the received electrical signal (the spectrum is shown in fig. 3 (b)) on the optical signal output by the orthogonal optical signal generating module 1, and the spectrum corresponding to the time domain waveform of the orthogonal modulated optical signal is shown in fig. 3 (c).
The orthogonal demultiplexing module 3 (is an arrayed waveguide grating) demultiplexes the orthogonal optical signals from the electro-optical modulator 2 into 2 paths according to the output wavelength positions of the dual-wavelength light source 1-1 in a wavelength demultiplexing mode.
The photoelectric conversion module 4 and the electric filtering module 5 comprise 2 channels, each channel corresponds to one output channel of the orthogonal demultiplexing module 3, each channel is provided with a photoelectric converter and an electric filter, and the photoelectric converters are used for converting optical signals into electric signals and filtering the electric signals through the electric filters;
the electric A/D conversion module 6 consists of 2 sampling rates f s The two electric analog-digital converters respectively receive one output of the electric filtering module 5, and convert an input signal into a digital signal according to the clock signal provided by the frequency setting and synchronizing module 8 and output the digital signal to the digital signal processing unit 7 for processing.
The digital signal processing unit 7 performs digital processing on the two paths of orthogonal sampling results to obtain a bandpass sampling result without aliasing in the passband. Meanwhile, according to the signal orthogonality condition obtained by calculation of the sampling result, the second output end is used for carrying out feedback control on the adjustable optical delay line 1-3, so that the time domain waveforms of the two paths of optical signals are always kept orthogonal.
The frequency setting and synchronizing module 8, as shown in fig. 2, has a first output end connected to the dual-wavelength light source 1-1, and outputs a single-tone signal f under the control of the digital signal processing unit 7 c The optical signal is modulated to determine the light intensity waveform frequency of the sampled optical signal and the channel center frequency. A second output end of the module is connected with the analog-digital conversion module 6 to provide a sampling reference clock for the analog-digital conversion module 6, and the clock signal is connected with the single-tone modulation signal f output by the first output end c And (5) synchronizing.
Embodiment two:
the system block diagram of the embodiment is shown in fig. 4, and is a microwave photon channelized filtering and quadrature sampling receiving scheme provided on the basis of the high-frequency anti-aliasing band-pass adjustable optical analog-to-digital conversion of the invention, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module 1, an electro-optical intensity modulation module 2, an orthogonal demultiplexing module 3, a photoelectric conversion module 4, an electric filtering module 5, an electric analog-to-digital conversion module 6, a digital signal processing unit 7 and a frequency setting and synchronizing module 8.
The parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module 1 is composed of a multi-wavelength light source 4-1, a first wavelength division multiplexer 1-2, an electro-optic modulator 4-3, a second wavelength division multiplexer 4-4, a phase shifter 1-5 and a wavelength division multiplexer 1-6, wherein the multi-wavelength light source 4-1 is a mode-locked laser with 2N frequency combs, the first wavelength division multiplexer 1-2 is an array waveguide grating, the electro-optic modulator 4-3 is a Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator, the second wavelength division multiplexer 4-4 is an array waveguide grating, the phase shifter 1-5 is a thermal phase shifter, and the wavelength division multiplexer 1-6 is an array waveguide grating.
The multi-wavelength light source 4-1 generates 2N optical frequency signals with different wavelengths, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 2, and the first wavelength division demultiplexer 1-2 splits the input optical signals into N paths, wherein each path of optical signals contains two wavelengths, and inputs the optical signals into the electro-optical modulator 4-3. The first output end of the frequency setting and synchronizing module 8 (which is a microwave source) is connected with the modulation end of the electro-optic modulator 4-3 in each channel, and the single-tone signals f are respectively transmitted under the control of the digital signal processing unit 7 ci The optical signal is modulated by a double-sideband modulation mode of carrier suppression (which is an integral multiple of the sampling rate of an electric analog-digital converter in the rear-end electric analog-digital conversion module 6), so that two optical carriers in a channel respectively correspond to a pair of modulation optical combs with the same interval; the modulated optical signals are input into the second wavelength division demultiplexer 4-4, as shown in fig. 4, any one of four modulated optical frequencies is separated from the other three, and the optical frequencies are phase-shifted by the phase shifter 1-5 under the feedback control of the digital signal processing unit 7, so that two pairs of modulated optical combed optical intensity signals are orthogonal, the frequency spectrums corresponding to the time domain waveforms of the orthogonal optical signals are respectively shown in fig. 3 (a), and all the optical frequencies are multiplexed by the wavelength division multiplexer 1-6 and then output;
the electro-optical intensity modulation module 2 (is a mach-zehnder electro-optical modulator) modulates the received electrical signal (the spectrum is shown in fig. 3 (b)) on the optical signal output by the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module 1, and the waveform spectrum of the orthogonal modulated optical signal corresponding to the single channel is shown in fig. 3 (c).
The orthogonal demultiplexing module 3 (which is an arrayed waveguide grating) demultiplexes the optical signal from the electro-optic modulator into 2N channels according to the optical frequency position generated by the multi-wavelength light source 4-1 in a wavelength demultiplexing manner, and each two channels are a group of orthogonal channels and correspond to one channel, as shown in fig. 4.
The photoelectric conversion module 4 and the electric filtering module 5 comprise 2N channels, and each channel corresponds to one output channel of the orthogonal demultiplexing module. Each channel has a photoelectric converter and an electrical filter. The photoelectric converter is used for converting an optical signal into an electrical signal and filtering the electrical signal through the electrical filter.
The electric A/D conversion module 6 is formed by 2N sampling rates f s Is composed of an electric analog-digital converter. Each electric analog-digital converter receives one output of the electric filtering module 5, converts an input signal into a digital signal according to a clock signal provided by the frequency setting and synchronizing module 8, and outputs the digital signal to the digital signal processing unit 7 for processing.
The digital signal processing unit 7 respectively performs digital processing on the two paths of orthogonal channel sampling results of the N channels to obtain band-pass sampling results of the N channels without aliasing. Meanwhile, according to the signal orthogonality condition obtained by calculation of the sampling result, the phase shifters 1-5 are subjected to feedback control through the output end, so that the optical signal time domain waveforms in the two paths of orthogonal channels corresponding to each channel are always kept orthogonal.
The frequency setting and synchronizing module 8 has a first output end connected to the electric modulator 4-3 in each channel as shown in FIG. 4, and outputs single tone signals f under the control of the digital signal processing unit 7 ci The optical comb in the channel is modulated to determine the light intensity waveform frequency of the sampling optical signal of the channel and the center frequency of the channel. The second output end of the module is connected with the analog-digital conversion module 6, and provides sampling reference clock for the analog-digital conversion module, and the clock signal is input with the single-tone modulation signal f of each channel from the first output end ci And (5) synchronizing.
Experiments show that. The invention can realize bandpass filtering and aliasing-free digitalization of signals at the same time, the passband bandwidth is not limited by devices such as an optical filter, and the passband bandwidth and the center frequency are flexibly configured by adjusting the filter bandwidth and the frequency setting in the electric filtering module and the setting frequency of the synchronous module respectively.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The high-frequency anti-aliasing band-pass adjustable optical analog-to-digital conversion device comprises a parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module (1), and is characterized in that an electro-optical intensity modulation module (2), an orthogonal demultiplexing module (3), a photoelectric conversion module (4), an electric filtering module (5), an electric analog-to-digital conversion module (6) and a digital signal processing unit (7) are sequentially arranged along the optical output direction of the parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module (1), a first output end of a frequency setting and synchronization module (8) is connected with the input end of the parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module (1), a second output end of the frequency setting and synchronization module (8) is connected with the electric analog-to-digital conversion module (6), a first output end of the digital signal processing unit (7) is connected with the control end of the frequency setting and synchronization module (8), and a second output end of the digital signal processing unit (7) is connected with the reverse control end of the parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module (1), and an electric signal to be received is input from the radio frequency intensity modulation module (2);
the parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module (1) is composed of a multi-wavelength light source (4-1), a first wavelength division multiplexer (1-2), an electro-optical modulator (4-3), a second wavelength division multiplexer (4-4), a phase shifter (1-5) and a wavelength division multiplexer (1-6);
the reverse control end of the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module (1) is the control end of the phase shifter (1-5), and the digital signal processing unit (7) performs feedback control on the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module (1) to enable the two orthogonal optical signal time domain waveforms output by the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module (1) to be f in frequency c The single-tone signal and direct current are overlapped, and the phase difference of the single-tone signal and direct current is pi/2 all the time; the multi-wavelength light source (4-1) is a mode-locked laser with 2N frequency combs, and generates 2N optical frequency signals with different wavelengths, wherein N is2 or more, wherein the electro-optical modulator (4-3) is an electro-optical intensity modulator; the multi-wavelength light source generates 2N optical frequency signals with different wavelengths, wherein N is a positive integer more than 2, the first wavelength division multiplexing device divides the input optical signals into N paths, each path of optical signals comprises two wavelengths and is input into the electro-optical modulator; the first output end of the frequency setting and synchronizing module 8 is connected with the modulation end of the electro-optic modulator in each channel, and the single-tone signals f are respectively transmitted under the control of the digital signal processing unit ci Modulating the optical signal by a double-sideband modulation mode of carrier suppression, so that two optical carriers in a channel respectively correspond to a pair of modulated optical combs with the same interval; the modulated optical signals are input into the second wavelength division multiplexer, any one of four modulated optical frequencies is separated from the other three optical frequencies, the optical frequencies are phase-shifted under the feedback control of the digital signal processing unit by the phase shifter, so that the optical intensity signals obtained by two pairs of modulated optical combs are orthogonal, and all the optical frequencies are multiplexed by the wavelength division multiplexer and then output;
the electro-optical intensity modulation module modulates the received electric signals on the optical signals output by the parallel orthogonal optical signal generation module;
the orthogonal demultiplexing module demultiplexes the optical signals from the electro-optic modulator into 2N paths according to the optical frequency position generated by the multi-wavelength light source in a wave demultiplexing mode, wherein every two paths are a group of orthogonal channels and correspond to one channel;
the photoelectric conversion module and the electric filtering module comprise 2N channels, and each channel corresponds to one output channel of the orthogonal demultiplexing module; each channel is provided with a photoelectric converter and an electric filter; the photoelectric converter is used for converting the optical signal into an electric signal and filtering the electric signal through the electric filter;
the electric analog-digital conversion module is formed by using 2N sampling rates as f s Each electric A/D converter receives one output of the electric filter module, and converts the input signal into digital signal according to the clock signal provided by the frequency setting and synchronizing module and outputs the digital signal to the digital signalThe number processing unit processes the number;
the digital signal processing unit respectively carries out digital processing on two paths of orthogonal channel sampling results of the N channels to obtain band-pass sampling results of the N channels without aliasing; meanwhile, according to the signal orthogonality condition obtained by calculation of the sampling result, the phase shifter is subjected to feedback control through the output end, so that the optical signal time domain waveforms in the two paths of orthogonal channels corresponding to each channel are always kept orthogonal;
the first output end of the frequency setting and synchronizing module is connected with the electric modulator in each channel, and under the control of the digital signal processing unit, the single-tone signals f are respectively output ci Modulating an optical comb in a channel to determine the light intensity waveform frequency of a sampling optical signal of the channel and the center frequency of the channel;
the second output end of the frequency setting and synchronizing module is connected with the analog-digital conversion module to provide sampling reference clock for the analog-digital conversion module, and the clock signal is input with the single-tone modulation signal f of each channel at the first output end ci And (5) synchronizing.
2. The high-frequency anti-aliasing band-pass tunable optical analog-to-digital conversion device according to claim 1, wherein each of the electrical filters in the electrical filter module (5) is a low-pass filter and has a bandwidth smaller than the bandwidths of the photoelectric converter and the electrical analog-to-digital converter in the channel.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electric analog-to-digital conversion module (6) is configured to phase lock with the time domain waveform of the optical signal generated by the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module (1) according to the reference clock provided by the second output terminal of the frequency setting and synchronizing module (8), and the electric analog-to-digital conversion module (6) is configured to perform the phase adjustment by f s The signal output by the electric filtering module (5) is sampled for the sampling rate.
4. A high frequency anti-aliased band-pass adjustable optical analog-to-digital conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the frequency response of the two channels of the device are expressed as:
|H A，n (f)|∝|H E (f-fc)|，
wherein n=1 or 2, h E (Ω) is the frequency response of the electrical filter, the passband bandwidth of the device depends on the bandwidth of the corresponding electrical filter in the electrical filter module (5), the center frequency depends on the frequency f of the orthogonal optical signal time domain waveform generated by the parallel orthogonal optical signal generating module (1) c And the passband bandwidth and the center frequency are respectively configurable by adjusting the bandwidth of the electric filter in the electric filter module (5) and the frequency setting and the setting frequency of the synchronization module (8).
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