CN113358783B - 罗汉果皂苷v的应用及其作用于肺部炎症的生物标志物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开罗汉果皂苷V的新应用及其作用于肺部炎症的生物标志物，应用之一，罗汉果皂苷V用于制备治疗肺部炎症的药物。应用之二，罗汉果皂苷V作为抑制剂，用于改善降低OVA刺激引起TNF‑α、IL‑4以及IgE炎症因子的含量增高以及IFN‑γ的含量降低，减轻肺组织中的炎症浸润。应用之三，罗汉果皂苷V用于制备镇咳或止咳润肺的药物。本发明还研究了罗汉果皂苷V作用于肺部炎症的生物标志物，所述生物标志物为牛磺酸、次牛磺酸、吡哆醇、5‑磷酸吡哆醛、组氨酸和天冬氨酸。本发明提出了罗汉果皂苷V的新应用，罗汉果皂苷V具有消除肺部炎症，“润肺止咳”的作用，同时毒副作用较低，可用于临床止咳润肺药物的开发，市场前景广阔。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及罗汉果皂苷V，具体是罗汉果皂苷V的新应用及其作用于肺部炎症的生物标志物。
背景技术
罗汉果是我国特色“食药两用”药物，同时具有很高的食用价值和药用价值。植物化学研究结果表明，罗汉果内存在20多种葫芦烷三萜类化合物以及若干种黄酮类化合物。据报道，罗汉果中的主要物质是罗汉果皂苷类化合物，其中起“止咳润肺”功效的成分是罗汉果皂苷V，其含量可达到总皂苷的52%。罗汉果皂苷通过下调Th2型细胞特异性免疫反应，降低多种白介素（ILs）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）等因子来减轻OVA引起的肺部炎症反应，也可通过调节NF-κB通路，减少一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、环氧合酶（COX-2）的含量来治疗LPS引起的急性肺部损伤。
探索天然产物的作用通路及靶标具有重大意义，对其具体机制的认识有助于寻找作用靶点，提高药物使用效率，最大化利用其成分价值。天然中草药药效成分复杂，具有多靶点、综合调控的特点，这既是中药治疗疾病的优势，但同时也限制了中草药的研究发展，截至目前，我们对于罗汉果“润肺止咳”功效的认知还只是停留在罗汉果表型的层面，很少深入到具体机制。罗汉果“润肺止咳”的功效尽管广为人知，但其中仍缺乏系统的理论基础作为支撑，亟需用实验方法来深入解释罗汉果“润肺止咳”的作用机制。
代谢组学通过LC-MS、GC-MC等仪器分析技术检测机体在不同条件下的代谢物含量，寻找关键代谢物并构建代谢通路网络。通过动态地观察药物对机体的干预效果，阐明药物的作用通路，寻找药物明确影响的靶点代谢物，明确药物的疗效，更大限度的开发罗汉果皂苷V的药物潜力。为开发更高疗效的剂型和新的治疗方法提供基础。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供罗汉果皂苷V的新应用及其作用于肺部炎症的生物标志物。
本发明研究了罗汉果皂苷V的新应用，应用之一，罗汉果皂苷V用于制备治疗肺部炎症的药物。
应用之二，罗汉果皂苷V作为抑制剂，用于改善降低OVA刺激引起TNF-α、IL-4以及IgE炎症因子的含量增高以及IFN-γ的含量降低，减轻肺组织中的炎症浸润。
应用之三，罗汉果皂苷V用于制备镇咳或止咳润肺的药物。
本发明还研究了罗汉果皂苷V作用于肺部炎症的生物标志物，所述生物标志物为牛磺酸、次牛磺酸、吡哆醇、5-磷酸吡哆醛、组氨酸和天冬氨酸。
本发明选择罗汉果皂苷V作为探针，通过药理实验和代谢组学分析，鉴定出罗汉果皂苷V治疗肺部炎症过程。
药理实验结果表明罗汉果皂苷V可以改善降低OVA刺激引起TNF-α、IL-4以及IgE等炎症因子的含量增高以及IFN-γ的含量降低，减轻肺组织中的炎症浸润。
代谢组学结果表明罗汉果皂苷V通过调节了维生素B代谢、牛磺酸和次牛磺酸代谢、组氨酸代谢等代谢通路，使牛磺酸、次牛磺酸、吡哆醇、5-磷酸吡哆醛、组氨酸和天冬氨酸等代谢物的含量回归正常来改善肺部炎症。
药理学验证结合代谢组学检测表明罗汉果皂苷V修复了OVA诱导的肺部炎症损伤。
本发明提出了罗汉果皂苷V的新应用，即在临床上作为镇咳药物使用的潜力，为罗汉果皂苷V的开发利用提供了更多的理论基础。罗汉果皂苷V作为一种中药材提取物，具有消除肺部炎症，“润肺止咳”的作用，同时毒副作用较低，可用于临床止咳润肺药物的开发，也可作为止咳药物开发的辅助添加剂使用，市场前景广阔。
附图说明
图1为实施例用罗汉果皂苷V作为探针，鉴定其治疗肺部炎症的技术路线图。
图2为实施例染色病理检验图。
图3为实施例分别测定小鼠肺、心、肾、肝、脾组织和个体重量的比值图。
图4为实施例测定小鼠血清中的IgE、TNF-α、IFN-γ以及BALF中的IL-4含量变化图。
图5为实施例中将血清和肺中的注释代谢物导入SIMCA-P 14.0进行主成分分析结果图。
图6为实施例中分别对control组和model组、model组和mogroside V组进行正交偏最小二乘分析结果图。
图7为实施例中Metaboanalyst 5.0 与control组、mogroside V组和model组之间的差异变化通路图。
图8为实施例代谢组学分析结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明内容作进一步的说明，但不是对发明的限定。
实施例
用罗汉果皂苷V作为探针，鉴定罗汉果皂苷V治疗肺部炎症的技术路线，如图1所示：
具体实施方案：
1.药物制剂：
罗汉果皂苷V购自普思生物科技有限公司（纯度≥95%，CAS: 88901-364）。苏黄止咳胶囊购自扬子江药业有限公司，卵清蛋白（98%）购自源叶生物科技有限公司。
2.动物模型构建：
5.7周雌性BALB/c小鼠购自湖南斯莱克景达实验动物有限公司。
将动物分成空白组（control）、模型组（model）、罗汉果皂苷V（mogeoside V）和阳性药物（SH， 苏黄止咳胶囊）4组。适应性培养1周。
在第0、7、14天分别对model组、mogeoside V组和SH小鼠给予0.1ml致敏液腹腔注射，空白组给予PBS溶液腹腔注射。（致敏液：每只腹腔注射0.1ml（含有0.2mg OVA和1mg AL（OH）3致敏液，溶剂为PBS。））
在第21-32天每天给予model组、mogroside V组和SH组小鼠1%OVA溶液喷雾，同时对mogroside V组和SH组小鼠分别给予罗汉果皂苷V50 mg/kg、苏黄止咳胶囊50 mg/kg。
最后一次喷雾24小时后处死小鼠，取肺、脾、肾、肺泡灌洗液（BALF）和血液。
3.动物模型验证
3.1对获取的小鼠的器官组织、血清等样品一并进行前处理，处理后HE染色观察小鼠肺组织炎症浸润情况。
HE染色病理检验方法：收集到的小鼠肺组织分成3部分。一部分利用多聚甲醛固定，经梯度浓度酒精、二甲苯以及石蜡程序脱水并包埋，使用徕卡切片机配合羽毛R35切片刀切取4μm病理切片，烤片烘片，经苏木素伊红染色剂染色，树胶封片，干片后观察组织炎症浸润，如图 2所示。
3.2利用小鼠脏器与个体重量比值获得脏器指数
脏器指数和ELISA检验方法：分别测定小鼠肺、心、肾、肝、脾组织和个体重量，以不同器官与个体重量的比值即脏器指数作为依据评估哮喘动物机体病变，如图 3所示。
3.3使用ELISA试剂盒测定炎症等因子含量
按照ELISA试剂盒的说明书测定血清中的TNF-α、IFN-γ、IgE以及BALF中的IL-4含量变化，如图 4所示。
4.仪器分析测定
采用液相-质谱联用技术(LC-MS)联用检测之前获取的control, model,mogroside V组小鼠血清和肺组织。
色谱条件：
仪器采用Thermo Ultimate 3000，使用ACQUITY UPLC® HSS T3 1.8 µm（2.1×150 mm）色谱柱，自动进样器温度设为8℃，以0.25 mL/min的流速，40℃的柱温，进样2μL进行梯度洗脱，流动相为正离子0.1%甲酸水（C）- 0.1%甲酸乙腈（D）；负离子5 mM甲酸铵水（A）-乙腈（B）。
梯度洗脱程序为0~1 min，2% B/D；1~9 min，2%~50% B/D；9~12 min，50%~98% B/D；12~13.5 min，98% B/D；13.5~14 min，98%~2% B/D；14~20 min，2% D -正模式（14~17 min，2% B -负模式）。
质谱检测：
仪器使用Thermo Q Exactive Plus，电喷雾离子源（ESI），正负离子电离模式，正离子喷雾电压为4.20 kV，负离子喷雾电压为3.50 kV，鞘气30 arb，辅助气10 arb。毛细管温度325℃，以分辨率70000进行全扫描，扫描范围81~1 000，并采用HCD进行二级裂解，碰撞电压为30 eV，同时采用动态排除去除无必要的MS/MS信息。
数据处理：
通过Proteowizard软件将获得的原始数据转换成 mzXML 格式（xcms 输入文件格式）。利用R的XCMS程序包进行峰识别、 峰过滤、峰对齐。得到包括质核比（m/z）和保留时间及峰面积等信息的数据矩阵；正离子模式获得9467个前体分子，负离子模式获得9958个前体分子，导出数据至 excel 进行后续分析。代谢物的鉴定首先根据精确分子量进行确认（分子量误差为 <= 30ppm），后续根据 MS/MS 碎片模式对Human Metabolome Database(HMDB)，METLIN，Massbank，LipidMaps以及mzClound等数据库确认注释获得代谢物。
5.代谢组学分析
将血清和肺中的注释代谢物导入SIMCA-P 14.0进行主成分分析（PCA），如图 5所示，分别对control组和model组、model组和mogroside V组进行正交偏最小二乘分析（OPLS-DA），如图 6所示，评估模型并筛选出关键差异代谢物（VIP>1，p<0.05）。
对差异代谢物进行富集，导入Metaboanalys 5.0 与control组、mogroside V组和model组之间的差异变化通路，如图 7所示。结果显示在model组较control组动物体内代谢紊乱的通路中，罗汉果皂苷V改善了其中若干通路，其中最显著的是维生素B6代谢、牛磺酸和次牛磺酸代谢、组氨酸代谢，其对应的核心代谢物分别为牛磺酸、次牛磺酸、吡哆醇、5-磷酸吡哆醛、组氨酸和天冬氨酸，这说明罗汉果皂苷V通过调节这些生物标志物的含量来影响这些通路，最终改善了OVA诱导的肺部炎症。
代谢组学结果表明罗汉果皂苷V通过调节了维生素B代谢、牛磺酸和次牛磺酸代谢、组氨酸代谢等代谢通路，使牛磺酸、次牛磺酸、吡哆醇、5-磷酸吡哆醛、组氨酸和天冬氨酸等代谢物的含量回归正常来改善肺部炎症，如图8所示。药理学验证结合代谢组学检测表明罗汉果皂苷V修复了OVA诱导的肺部炎症损伤。
Claims (1)
1.一种肺部炎症的生物标志物，其特征在于：所述生物标志物为牛磺酸、次牛磺酸、吡哆醇、5-磷酸吡哆醛、组氨酸和天冬氨酸，罗汉果皂苷V通过调节了维生素B代谢、牛磺酸和次牛磺酸代谢、组氨酸代谢通路，使牛磺酸、次牛磺酸、吡哆醇、5-磷酸吡哆醛、组氨酸和天冬氨酸代谢物的含量回归正常。
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| WO2018065917A2 (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-12 | Stellenbosch University | A synthetic pulmonary surfactant composition for treating lung conditions |
| CN112675278A (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-20 | 广州泽力医药科技有限公司 | 润肺止咳、抑制肺部炎症反应的组合物及其制备方法和用途 |
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| WO2018065917A2 (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-12 | Stellenbosch University | A synthetic pulmonary surfactant composition for treating lung conditions |
| CN112675278A (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-20 | 广州泽力医药科技有限公司 | 润肺止咳、抑制肺部炎症反应的组合物及其制备方法和用途 |
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| 罗汉果苷V促进LncRNA TUG1表达刺激成骨细胞的增殖与分化;姚顺晗等;《中国组织工程研究》;20200420(第26期);第35-40页 * |
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