CN113358734A - Food net stability evaluation method based on stable isotope technology - Google Patents

Food net stability evaluation method based on stable isotope technology Download PDF

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CN113358734A
CN113358734A CN202110749417.8A CN202110749417A CN113358734A CN 113358734 A CN113358734 A CN 113358734A CN 202110749417 A CN202110749417 A CN 202110749417A CN 113358734 A CN113358734 A CN 113358734A
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盖珊珊
唐柳青
丁刚
刘洪军
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Shandong Marine Biology Institute
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological evaluation, in particular to a food net stability evaluation method based on a stable isotope technology. By measuring and calculating delta in the sample13CTOCAnd delta15NTONValues then respectively delta13CTOCAnd delta15NTONThe value is horizontal and vertical coordinates, and a two-dimensional point set of the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio of each population is drawn to obtain delta13Variation of C value (CR) and delta15And (3) five parameters of N value amplitude variation (NR), nutrition ecological niche area (TA), Standard Elliptical Area (SEA) and nutrition ecological niche Overlapping Area (OA), finishing the evaluation of the stability of the food net and performing manual intervention according to the evaluation result. The invention can monitor and research the nutrition ecological niche of main populations in the sea area food net in real time, evaluate the food intake competition among the populations, and provide data for accurate proliferation and releasing and fishery resource harvesting in the sea research areaThe supporting method realizes the purpose of fine ecological breeding of marine industry and improves the marine economic benefit.

Description

Food net stability evaluation method based on stable isotope technology
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological evaluation, in particular to a food net stability evaluation method based on a stable isotope technology.
Background
At present, the evaluation of the effect of the marine environmental ecosystem or the evaluation of the ecosystem in a restored sea area mostly takes underwater camera shooting and fishing as means to estimate the dominance, diversity, uniformity and the like of the population in the biological community, so that the efficiency is low, the investment is high, the actual effect is not ideal, and the dynamic change of the biological community in the marine ecosystem is not accurately mastered. The nutrition level relationship is the most important relationship among all the biological members in the community, is the basis for the community to live, and is the core for understanding the energy flow of the ecosystem. However, the traditional research method of the nutrition dynamics of the marine food net is a feeding analysis method, and a method for determining the basic structure and the food relation of the food net by analyzing the population composition and the quantity of the contents in the digestive tract of a predator is adopted, so that the workload is huge, and the nutrition relation among organisms with different nutrition levels is difficult to clear. The stable isotope method can estimate the coupling effect of each population in the ecological system of the marine research area, and provides data support for the natural sustainable development of the marine ecological system through accurate manual intervention, so that a 'simplified food net' method can be adopted to highlight the conversion relation between the nutrient content of the main resource species and the food quality.
Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes are reflected in the accumulation of food ingested by predators during a significant period of life, digested by metabolism, and absorbed. Delta between consumer and food15The N difference is the nutrient fraction, with delta increasing with nutrient level15With increasing N value, between different nutrition levels15The average value of the N enrichment was 3.4 ‰. Carbon stable isotope ratio (delta) of substances of different organic origin13C) There is a certain difference, the consumer's delta13C may reflect delta of food it digests and absorbs13C, the difference between the two is 0 to 1 ‰, thus delta13C is often used to analyze the food source of consumers in ecosystems. Therefore, a theoretical basis is provided for evaluating the stability of the food net by adopting the stable isotope technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the traditional research method for the nutrition dynamics of the marine food net is an edible analysis method, adopts a method for analyzing the population composition and the quantity of the contents in the digestive tract of a predator and determining the basic structure and the food relation of the food net, has huge workload and is difficult to clearly learn the nutrition relation among organisms with different nutrition levels.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a food net stability evaluation method based on a stable isotope technology, which utilizes the stable isotope technology to monitor and research the nutritional ecological niches of main populations in a sea food net in real time, evaluates the food intake competition among the populations, provides a data support method for accurate proliferation and releasing and fishery resource harvesting in a marine research area, and manually regulates and controls the directions of material circulation and energy flow in the food net of an ecological system in the research area, thereby realizing the purpose of fine ecological breeding in marine industry and improving the marine economic benefit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for evaluating the stability of food net based on stable isotope technique features that the delta in specimen is measured and calculated13CTOCAnd delta15NTONValues then respectively delta13C、δ15The N value is horizontal and vertical coordinates, and a two-dimensional point set of the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of each population is drawn to obtain delta13Variation of C value (CR) and delta15And (3) five parameters of N value variation (NR), nutrition ecological niche area (TA), Standard Elliptical Area (SEA) and nutrition ecological niche Overlapping Area (OA) are adopted to finish the evaluation of the stability of the biological community food net in the research area.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting and processing the main consumer samples in the area;
(2) measuring the stable isotope;
(3) estimating the nutrition ecological niche;
(4) evaluating the stability of the food net, predicting the development direction of the food net and carrying out manual intervention.
Further, the step (1) is specifically to collect samples of the swimming organisms from the sea in the research area according to GB/T12763.1-2007 Marine survey Specifications; the sample composition mainly comprises fish, shrimp, crab and sea cucumber, wherein the body muscle of the fish, shrimp and sea cucumber is taken, and the large turtle muscle of the crab is taken; the sample is dried for 48h at 60 ℃ in a drying oven to constant weight, ground into uniform powder by an agate mortar, wrapped by tinfoil, and placed in a dryer for storage to determine the content and the ratio of the stable isotopes.
Further, the step (2) is specifically to measure and calculate TOC, TON (percentage content of stable isotope C \ N in organism, measured by instrument) and Delta in the sample by using a stable isotope mass spectrometer (Flash EA 1112 HT-Delta V Advantages, Thermo Co., Ltd.)13CTOCAnd delta15NTONA value; wherein the flow rate of the carrier gas He is 90mL/min, the temperature of the reaction tube is 960 ℃, and the temperature of the chromatographic column is 50 ℃.
Further, δ13CTOCThe values are based on the international standard (VPDB), delta13CTOCThe values are calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003145475740000021
wherein R is: (13C/12C)VPDBCarbon isotopic abundance ratio of VPDB, R: (A), (B), (C) and C) a13C/12C)sampleIs the ratio of two carbon isotopes in the sample (obtained by on-line detection with a stable isotope mass spectrometer), delta13CTOCThe analysis precision of the value is +/-0.2 per mill;
δ15NTONvalues are based on air nitrogen as reference, delta15NTONThe values are calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003145475740000022
wherein R is: (15N/14N)airIs the nitrogen isotope abundance ratio of nitrogen in air, R: (15N/14N)sampleIs the ratio of two nitrogen isotopes in the sample (from a stable isotope mass spectrometer)Obtained by online detection), delta15NTONThe analytical accuracy of the value was ± 0.25%.
Further, in step (3), the values are respectively delta13CTOCAnd delta15NTONDrawing a two-dimensional point set of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio values of each population with the values of horizontal and vertical coordinates, and calculating convex deformation total areas TA (total area), standard Ellipse areas SEA (standard Ellipse areas) and nutrition ecological niche overlapping areas OA (overlap area) surrounded by dotted line connecting lines of outer edge points of the two-dimensional point set; calculating the total area TA, the standard elliptical area SEA and the overlap area OA respectively through R software; the values of the parameters obtained are as follows:
Figure BDA0003145475740000031
further, the step (4) is that according to the data analysis result in the step (3), the population with serious interspecific competition is subjected to targeted fishing and fishing, and the number of the related species population is supplemented to the white space niche. Therefore, the inter-species competition strength can be reduced, reasonable and efficient utilization of sea area environment resources and bait resources is researched, and finally natural sustainable development of the environment, the resources and the organisms in the marine ecosystem is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention introduces the interaction relation between the structure and the process of the ecological system under the bidirectional action of multiple pressure stresses and repair measures with multiple local scales, and the synergistic or antagonistic counteraction effect exists between the pressure stresses of different types and the treatment effect of the multi-nutrition-level biological resource maintenance technology, thereby obtaining the arrangement mode of artificial breeding facilities with scientific basis and the quantity of fishes suitable for releasing, and realizing the scientific reconstruction and the synergistic repair of the food net of the marine ranching.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a technical flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the vegetative niches of 3 species of fish in a certain marine ranch.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
taking the sea area around the temple island in the cigarette platform city of Shandong province as an experimental area, performing fishery resource investigation on the ecological breeding area of the temple island in half bay in 2018 for 11 months, and performing nutritional ecological niche evaluation on major species Sebastes schlegeli, hexagrammos otakii and sebastes marmoratus by using a stable isotope technology, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
(1) sample collection and processing
Samples of swim life were taken from the sea in the area under investigation according to GB/T12763.1-2007 Marine survey Specification. The sample composition mainly comprises fish, shrimp, crab and sea cucumber, wherein the body muscle of the fish, shrimp and sea cucumber is taken, and the large turtle muscle of the crab is taken. The sample is dried for 48h at 60 ℃ in a drying oven to constant weight, ground into uniform powder by an agate mortar, wrapped by tinfoil, and placed in a dryer for storage to determine the content and the ratio of the stable isotopes.
(2) Determination of stable isotopes
Determination of TOC, TON and calculation of Delta in samples by in-line stable isotope mass spectrometry (Flash EA 1112 HT-Delta V Advantages, Thermo Co.)13CTOCAnd delta15NTONThe value is obtained. The flow rate of the carrier gas He is 90mL/min, the temperature of the reaction tube is 960 ℃, and the temperature of the chromatographic column is 50 ℃.
δ13CTOCThe values are based on the international standard (VPDB), delta13CTOCThe values are calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003145475740000041
wherein R is: (13C/12C)VPDBCarbon isotopic abundance ratio of VPDB, R: (A), (B), (C) and C) a13C/12C)sampleIs the ratio of two carbon isotopes in the sample, delta13CTOCThe analytical accuracy of the value was ± 0.2%.
δ15NTONValues are based on air nitrogen as reference, delta15NTONThe values are calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003145475740000042
wherein R is: (15N/14N)airIs the nitrogen isotope abundance ratio of nitrogen in air, R: (15N/14N)sampleIs the ratio of two nitrogen isotopes in the sample, delta15NTONThe analytical accuracy of the value was ± 0.25%.
The detection values for each sample are as follows:
Figure BDA0003145475740000043
Figure BDA0003145475740000051
Figure BDA0003145475740000061
(3) estimation of nutrient niche
Are respectively expressed by delta13C、δ15And N is a horizontal coordinate and a vertical coordinate, drawing a two-dimensional point set of the carbon-nitrogen stable isotope ratio of each population, and calculating the total convex deformation area TA (total area), the standard elliptical area SEA (standard Ellipse areas) and the vegetative niche overlapping area OA (overlap area) which are surrounded by the dotted line connecting lines of the outer edge points of the two-dimensional point set. The total area TA, the standard elliptical area SEA and the overlap area OA are calculated by the R software, respectively. The following data were obtained with the accompanying figure 2:
sebastiscus schlegeli (XSPY) Hexagrammos otakii (DLLX) Sebastiscus marmoratus (HCY)
Total area of nutrient ecological niche (TA) 2.584 1.647 2.636
Standard oval area (SEA) 0.816 0.580 0.788
And (4) conclusion: the A, B, C population has the overlapping of nutrition ecological niches, namely interspecific competition;
secondly, in A, B, C, the nutrition level of a population A is the highest, the nutrition level of a population C is the next time, and the nutrition level of a population B is the lowest;
③ the food types of the population B, C are not similar, and the food types of the population A, C are similar;
the food competition pressure of the population A, C is the greatest, the food competition pressure of the population B, C is the second best, and the food competition pressure of the population A, B is the smallest.
(4) Evaluating the stability of the food net, predicting the development direction of the food net and carrying out manual intervention.
According to the data analysis result of 4.3, the population with serious interspecific competition is subjected to targeted fishing and angling, the number of related species populations is supplemented to the empty ecological niche, the interspecific competition strength is reduced, reasonable and efficient utilization of sea area environment resources and bait resources is researched, and finally natural sustainable development of the environment, the resources and the organisms in the marine ecosystem is realized.

Claims (7)

1. A food net stability evaluation method based on stable isotope technology is characterized in that: by measuring and calculating delta in the sample13CTOCAnd delta15NTONValues, then respectively, of delta for the natural content of stable isotope in vivo in the species in the biological community of the investigation region13CTOCAnd delta15NTONThe value is horizontal and vertical coordinates, and a two-dimensional point set of the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio of each population is drawn to obtain delta13Variation of C value (CR) and delta15And (3) five parameters of N value variation (NR), nutrition ecological niche area (TA), Standard Elliptical Area (SEA) and nutrition ecological niche Overlapping Area (OA) are adopted to finish the evaluation of the stability of the biological community food net in the research area.
2. The stable isotope technology-based food net stability evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting and processing the main consumer samples in the area;
(2) measuring the stable isotope;
(3) estimating the nutrition ecological niche;
(4) evaluating the stability of the food net, predicting the development direction of the food net and carrying out manual intervention.
3. The stable isotope technology-based food net stability evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein: specifically, the step (1) is to collect samples of swimming organisms from the sea in a research area according to GB/T12763.1-2007 ocean survey regulations; the sample composition mainly comprises fish, shrimp, crab and sea cucumber, wherein the body muscle of the fish, shrimp and sea cucumber is taken, and the large turtle muscle of the crab is taken; the sample is dried for 48h at 60 ℃ in a drying oven to constant weight, ground into uniform powder by an agate mortar, wrapped by tinfoil, and placed in a dryer for storage to determine the content and the ratio of the stable isotopes.
4. The stable isotope technology-based food net stability evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein: the step (2) is specifically to measure and calculate TOC, TON and Delta in the sample by using a stable isotope mass spectrometer (Flash EA 1112 HT-Delta V Advantages, Thermo company)13CTOCAnd delta15NTONA value; wherein the flow rate of the carrier gas He is 90mL/min, the temperature of the reaction tube is 960 ℃, and the temperature of the chromatographic column is 50 ℃.
5. The stable isotope technology-based food net stability evaluation method according to claim 4, wherein: delta13CTOCThe values are based on the international standard (VPDB), delta13CTOCThe values are calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003145475730000011
wherein R is: (13C/12C)VPDBCarbon isotopic abundance ratio of VPDB, R: (A), (B), (C) and C) a13C/12C)sampleIs the ratio of two carbon isotopes in the sample, delta13CTOCThe analysis precision of the value is +/-0.2 per mill;
δ15NTONvalues are based on air nitrogen as reference, delta15NTONThe values are calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003145475730000021
wherein R is: (15N/14N)airIs the nitrogen isotope abundance ratio of nitrogen in air, R: (15N/14N)sampleIs the ratio of two nitrogen isotopes in the sample, delta15NTONThe analytical accuracy of the value was ± 0.25%.
6. The stable isotope technology-based food net stability evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein: step (3) is to use delta respectively13C、δ15The N value is horizontal and vertical coordinates, a two-dimensional point set of the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio of each population is drawn, and a convex deformation total area TA (total area), a standard Ellipse area SEA (standard Ellipse areas) and a nutrition ecological niche overlapping area OA (overlap area) which are surrounded by dotted line connecting lines of outer edge points of the two-dimensional point set are calculated; calculating the total area TA, the standard elliptical area SEA and the overlap area OA respectively through R software; the values of the parameters obtained are as follows:
Figure FDA0003145475730000022
7. the stable isotope technology-based food net stability evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein: and (4) performing targeted fishing and fishing on the population with serious interspecific competition according to the data analysis result in the step (3), and supplementing the population quantity of related species to the white space niche.
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Cited By (2)

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CN114137058A (en) * 2021-11-04 2022-03-04 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院(山东省海洋环境监测中心、山东省水产品质量检验中心) Method for investigating food competition relationship among large jellyfish species and application thereof
CN114594184A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-06-07 山东省海洋科学研究院(青岛国家海洋科学研究中心) Artificial release effect evaluation method based on stable isotope technology

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CN114137058A (en) * 2021-11-04 2022-03-04 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院(山东省海洋环境监测中心、山东省水产品质量检验中心) Method for investigating food competition relationship among large jellyfish species and application thereof
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