CN113358673A - X-ray imaging device and method for ICF (intracorporeal fusion protein) implosion target pill implosion process - Google Patents
X-ray imaging device and method for ICF (intracorporeal fusion protein) implosion target pill implosion process Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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Abstract
The application discloses X-ray imaging device and method of ICF implosion target pellet implosion process, imaging device simple structure, have higher structural stability, filter other useless information through analysis crystal, only acquire the phase contrast information of X ray and the implosion target pellet that awaits measuring, realize higher spatial and temporal resolution's reconsitution formation of image, thereby improve application scope, simultaneously, through the downward motion of entry slit portion among the stripe camera, can form the charge accumulation to the implosion target pellet of different moments in the implosion process, thereby obtain the implosion image of different moments in the implosion process of implosion target pellet, the technical problem that ICF implosion target pellet implosion process can not be observed has been solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of X-ray imaging, in particular to an X-ray imaging device and method for an ICF (intracorporeal nuclear factor function) implosion target pill implosion process.
Background
Because the high spatial resolution time-varying information of the target pellet implosion process of the inertial confinement fusion (ICF for short) reflects the time-space evolution conditions of the fluid state of the target pellet caused by the inertia force acting and the energy transportation such as electron heat conduction, radiation heat conduction and the like, and the evolution conditions can directly influence the success or failure of the fusion ignition, the acquisition of the high spatial resolution time-varying X-ray imaging information of the target pellet implosion process of the inertial confinement fusion (ICF for short) is a difficult point for deeply researching the delicate physical processes such as implosion radiation ablation, centripetal driving, hot spot evolution and the like.
Currently, a commonly used X-ray time-varying imaging system includes a pinhole + framing camera mode, a crystal + framing camera mode, and a multi-channel KB mirror + framing camera mode.
The following problems exist for the above imaging system: 1) the spatial resolution which can be provided by the current pinhole + framing camera mode is more than 10 mu m, which is obviously insufficient for researching the implosion hot spot evolution with the size of only 30-60 mu m, so that the application range is smaller; 2) the crystal + framing camera mode adopts a paraxial reflection principle, so that fragment shielding is difficult and is easy to damage, and meanwhile, the processing difficulty in the bent crystal bending process is large and is not suitable for wide application; 3) although the spatial resolution of the multichannel KB mirror plus framing is high, and the resolution of 2.5 μm can be achieved within a field range of 100 μm, the field difference (the field difference is more than 10% larger) caused by the larger viewing angle difference between the multiple channels of the multichannel KB mirror is difficult to eliminate, which may cause the imaging results of the different channels corresponding to different time periods to be highly inconsistent with the imaging target, in other words, the time-varying process of target pill implosion cannot be observed.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an X-ray imaging device and method for an ICF (intracorporeal fusion protein) implosion target pill implosion process, which are used for solving the technical problems that the ICF implosion target pill implosion process cannot be observed, the application range is small and the structural stability is poor.
In view of this, the first aspect of the present application provides an X-ray imaging apparatus for ICF implosion target pill implosion process, which is sequentially provided with an X-ray light source, a monochromatic crystal, an analysis crystal, an encoding plate, a stripe camera and an image imaging module along a preset light path;
an implosion target pill to be detected is arranged between the monochromatic crystal and the analysis crystal;
the X-ray light source is used for emitting X-rays, and then the X-rays are emitted into the implosion target pill to be detected through the monochromatic crystal;
the analysis crystal is used for receiving the X rays emitted from the interior of the to-be-detected explosive target pellet, and the receiving surface of the analysis crystal is arranged at a preset placing angle relative to the plane where the incident X rays are located, so that only the X rays which generate refraction effect with the to-be-detected explosive target pellet are received;
the coding plate is used for coding the X ray after receiving the X ray emitted by the analysis crystal;
the stripe camera is provided with an entrance slit part and a slit driver, the slit size of the entrance slit part is matched with the window size of an image receiving window of the image imaging module, the stripe camera is used for receiving the X-rays coded by the coding plate through the entrance slit part, and the slit driver is used for driving the entrance slit part to move along the vertical direction at a preset displacement speed;
the image imaging module is used for receiving the X rays output by the stripe camera and reconstructing an image of the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet according to the X rays.
Preferably, the code plate is a random binary code plate, a plurality of code holes are randomly arranged on the code plate, and the aperture ranges of the code holes are 10-20 μm.
Preferably, the preset lying angle of the analytical crystal is 0.9 °.
Preferably, the image imaging module comprises a CCD detector and a computer, the CCD detector is electrically connected to the computer, and the CCD detector is configured to receive the X-rays and convert the X-rays into electrical signals; and the computer is used for reconstructing the electric signal based on a preset image reconstruction algorithm so as to obtain two-dimensional images of different implosion moments in the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet.
Preferably, the explosive target pellets to be detected are the explosive target pellets of indirect or direct drive inertial confinement fusion ICF.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides an imaging method of an X-ray imaging apparatus based on the above-mentioned ICF implosion target pellet implosion process, including the following steps:
emitting X rays by an X-ray source, and then injecting the X rays into an implosion target pill to be detected through a monochromatic crystal;
the analysis crystal is used for receiving the X rays which have refraction effect with the implosion target pills to be detected;
after the X-ray emitted by the analysis crystal is received by a coding plate, the X-ray is coded;
under the state that a slit driver drives an entrance slit part of a stripe camera to move along the vertical direction at a preset displacement speed, the stripe camera receives the X-rays which are encoded by the encoding plate and then are incident from the entrance slit part;
and receiving the X rays output by the stripe camera through an image imaging module, and reconstructing an image of the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet according to the X rays.
Preferably, the image imaging module includes a CCD detector and a computer, and the CCD detector is electrically connected to the computer, so that the step of receiving the X-ray output by the strip camera through the image imaging module and reconstructing an image of the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet according to the X-ray includes:
after the CCD detector receives the X-rays, the X-rays are converted into electric signals;
and reconstructing the electric signal through the computer based on a preset image reconstruction algorithm, so as to obtain two-dimensional images of different implosion moments in the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet.
Preferably, the preset image reconstruction algorithm is a two-step iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the X-ray imaging device for the ICF implosion target pill implosion process provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and higher structural stability, filters out other useless information by analyzing the crystal, only acquires the phase contrast information of the X-ray and the to-be-detected implosion target pill, and realizes reconstruction imaging with higher space-time resolution, thereby improving the application range.
The imaging method of the X-ray imaging device based on the ICF implosion target pill implosion process provided by the invention is consistent with the beneficial effects, and is not repeated herein.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an X-ray imaging device for ICF implosion target pellet implosion process according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a monochromatic crystal and an analytical crystal in an X-ray imaging device for an ICF implosion target pellet implosion process according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an imaging method of an X-ray imaging apparatus based on an ICF implosion target pellet implosion process according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is an imaging diagram of a CCD detector provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5a is a first reconstructed image provided in an example of the present application;
FIG. 5b is a twentieth reconfiguration diagram provided in an example of the present application;
FIG. 5c is a fifty-th reconstructed image provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5d is a final reconstructed image provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
For easy understanding, please refer to fig. 1, the present invention provides an X-ray imaging apparatus for ICF implosion target pellet implosion process, which is sequentially provided with an X-ray light source 10, a monochromatic crystal 20, an analysis crystal 30, an encoding plate 40, a stripe camera 50 and an image imaging module along a preset light path;
an implosion target pill 70 to be detected is arranged between the monochromatic crystal 20 and the analysis crystal 30;
it should be noted that the implosion target pellet 70 to be detected in the present embodiment is an implosion target pellet that indirectly or directly drives the inertial confinement fusion ICF.
The X-ray source 10 is used for emitting X-rays, and then the X-rays are emitted into the implosion target pill 70 to be detected through the monochromatic crystal 20;
the X-rays are incident into the shot 70 to be detected and interact with the shot 70 to be detected, thereby generating three effects of absorption, scattering and refraction.
The analysis crystal 30 is used for receiving the X-ray emitted from the interior of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet 70, and the receiving surface of the analysis crystal 30 is arranged at a preset placing angle relative to the plane where the incident X-ray is located, so that only the X-ray which generates a refraction effect with the to-be-detected implosion target pellet 70 is received;
it should be noted that the function of the monochromating crystal 20 is to monochromate the incident X-rays to obtain monochromatic X-rays with a narrow bandwidth, and the analyzing crystal 30 is a deflector for angular filtering and also monochromatic X-rays. In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the placing angle of the receiving surface of the analyzing crystal 30 relative to the plane where the incident X-ray is located is set according to design requirements, the preset placing angle of the analyzing crystal 30 is 0.9 °, and the receiving angle of the analyzing crystal 30 is reduced, so that the X-ray which generates the scattering effect with the implosion target pill 70 to be detected is filtered, that is, only the phase contrast information is received.
The coding plate 40 is used for coding the X-ray after receiving the X-ray emitted by the analysis crystal 30;
specifically, the code plate 40 is a random binary code plate, a plurality of code holes 41 are randomly arranged on the code plate 40, the aperture range of each code hole 41 is 10-20 μm, meanwhile, the code plate 40 is made of tungsten material, and X-rays can only penetrate through the code plate 40 through the code holes.
The streak camera 50 is provided with an entrance slit part 51 and a slit driver 52, the slit size of the entrance slit part 51 is matched with the window size of an image receiving window of the image imaging module, the streak camera 50 is used for receiving the X-rays coded by the coding plate 40 through the entrance slit part 51, and the slit driver 52 is used for driving the entrance slit part 51 to move along the vertical direction at a preset displacement speed;
it should be noted that the slit driver 52 adjusts the voltage to make the optical charge entering the entrance slit part 51 move along the vertical direction at a preset displacement speed, so as to form a shearing action on the encoded X-ray, and at the same time, the slit size of the entrance slit part 51 matches with the window size of the image receiving window of the image imaging module, so as to ensure the size of the imaged image to be consistent, and at the same time, two-dimensional imaging can be realized due to the effect of the streak camera 50.
The image imaging module is used for receiving the X-rays output by the stripe camera 50 and is also used for reconstructing an image of the implosion process of the implosion target pill 70 to be detected according to the X-rays.
The image imaging module comprises a CCD detector and a computer, wherein the CCD detector is electrically connected with the computer and is used for receiving X rays and then converting the X rays into electric signals; the computer is used for reconstructing the electric signal based on a preset image reconstruction algorithm, so as to obtain two-dimensional images of different implosion moments in the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet 70.
In an image imaging module, the image imaging module can be equivalent to the following system of linear equations:
E＝Ax
wherein E represents a one-dimensional column vector, A is an m × n matrix, m and n are elements, the matrix comprises operations such as encoding, shearing, superposition and the like, an image imaged by the CCD is converted into the one-dimensional column vector E, an original image at each moment is converted into a one-dimensional vector, and the converted one-dimensional vectors at all moments are combined together, so that an image x at each moment is obtained, the size of the image x is n × 1, and the linear equation is an underdetermined linear equation set because m < < n. The underdetermined linear equation set is solved through a preset image reconstruction algorithm, and a solution x, namely an image at each moment, can be obtained.
It should be noted that, under the action of the streak camera 50, the CCD detector receives the X-rays output by the streak camera 50, and since the streak camera 50 gradually moves downward through the voltage-controlled entrance slit portion 51, during the whole X-ray exposure process, the pixels on the CCD detector store the number of charges formed by the implosion target pellets at different times, that is, the charge accumulation of the implosion target pellets at different times during the implosion process is formed, and the imaging can be performed in the CCD detector, and then the electrical signals are processed by the computer based on the image reconstruction algorithm, so as to obtain the implosion images of the implosion target pellets at different times during the implosion process.
It can be understood that the X-ray imaging device for the explosive process of the ICF explosive target pellet provided by this embodiment has a simple structure and high structural stability, and filters out other useless information by analyzing the crystal, and only acquires the phase contrast information of the X-ray and the explosive target pellet to be detected, thereby realizing the reconstruction imaging with higher spatial and temporal resolution, thereby improving the application range, and meanwhile, the charge accumulation of the explosive target pellets at different moments in the explosive process can be realized by the downward movement of the entrance slit part in the stripe camera, thereby obtaining the explosive images at different moments in the explosive process of the explosive target pellet, and solving the technical problem that the explosive process of the ICF explosive target pellet cannot be observed.
The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of an X-ray imaging apparatus for an ICF implosion target pellet implosion process according to the present invention, and the following is a detailed description of an embodiment of an X-ray imaging apparatus for an ICF implosion target pellet implosion process according to the present invention.
For easy understanding, referring to fig. 3, the present invention provides an imaging method of an X-ray imaging apparatus based on the above-mentioned ICF implosion target pellet implosion process, comprising the following steps:
s1: emitting X rays by an X-ray source, and then injecting the X rays into an implosion target pill to be detected through a monochromatic crystal;
s2: the analysis crystal is used for receiving X rays which have refraction effect with the implosion target pills to be detected;
s3: after receiving the X-rays emitted by the analysis crystal through the coding plate, coding the X-rays;
s4: under the state that the slit driver drives the entrance slit part of the stripe camera to move along the vertical direction at a preset displacement speed, the stripe camera receives X rays which are coded by the coding plate and are incident from the entrance slit part;
s5: and receiving the X rays output by the stripe camera through an image imaging module, and reconstructing an image of the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet according to the X rays.
Further, the image imaging module includes a CCD detector and a computer, and the CCD detector is electrically connected to the computer, step S5 includes:
s501: after receiving the X-ray by the CCD detector, converting the X-ray into an electric signal;
s502: and reconstructing the electric signal through a computer based on a preset image reconstruction algorithm so as to obtain two-dimensional images of different implosion moments in the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet.
Specifically, the preset image reconstruction algorithm is a two-step iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm.
The following is an implementation example to verify that the imaging method provided by the present embodiment has good effects.
In the present example, the implosion target pellet used is an implosion target pellet of indirect drive inertial confinement fusion ICF, with a diameter of 800 μm; the aperture of the coding hole of the coding plate is 15 codes, the thickness of the coding hole is 15 codes, and the manufacturing material is tungsten; the type of the stripe camera used is Hamatsu C7700; the CCD detector used is of the type Hamamatsu ORCA-R2.
The implosion target shots are imaged by the method, images at each moment are superposed to obtain a final image formed by a CCD (charge coupled device), the final image is shown in FIG. 4, after the time dispersion is 63 equal parts, the final image is reconstructed by a two-step iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm, see FIGS. 5a to 5d, wherein FIG. 5a is a first reconstructed image, FIG. 5b is a twentieth reconstructed image, FIG. 5c is a fiftieth reconstructed image, and FIG. 5d is a final reconstructed image. Therefore, the imaging method of the X-ray imaging device for the ICF implosion target pill implosion process provided by the embodiment realizes reconstruction imaging with higher space-time resolution, so that the application range is improved, meanwhile, implosion images at different moments in the implosion process of the ICF implosion target pill are obtained, and the technical problem that the ICF implosion target pill implosion process cannot be observed is solved.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. An X-ray imaging device for an ICF (intracorporeal explosive target) pill implosion process is characterized in that an X-ray light source, a monochromatic crystal, an analysis crystal, an encoding plate, a stripe camera and an image imaging module are sequentially arranged along a preset light path;
an implosion target pill to be detected is arranged between the monochromatic crystal and the analysis crystal;
the X-ray light source is used for emitting X-rays, and then the X-rays are emitted into the implosion target pill to be detected through the monochromatic crystal;
the analysis crystal is used for receiving the X rays emitted from the interior of the to-be-detected explosive target pellet, and the receiving surface of the analysis crystal is arranged at a preset placing angle relative to the plane where the incident X rays are located, so that only the X rays which generate refraction effect with the to-be-detected explosive target pellet are received;
the coding plate is used for coding the X ray after receiving the X ray emitted by the analysis crystal;
the stripe camera is provided with an entrance slit part and a slit driver, the slit size of the entrance slit part is matched with the window size of an image receiving window of the image imaging module, the stripe camera is used for receiving the X-rays coded by the coding plate through the entrance slit part, and the slit driver is used for driving the entrance slit part to move along the vertical direction at a preset displacement speed;
the image imaging module is used for receiving the X rays output by the stripe camera and reconstructing an image of the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet according to the X rays.
2. The X-ray imaging device for the ICF implosion target pill implosion process according to claim 1, wherein the code plate is a random binary code plate, a plurality of code holes are randomly arranged on the code plate, and the aperture range of each code hole is 10-20 μm.
3. An X-ray imaging apparatus for the process of implosion of ICF implosion target pellets according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined angle of presentation of said analysis crystal is 0.9 °.
4. The X-ray imaging device for the process of explosive target pellets in ICF according to claim 1, wherein said image imaging module comprises a CCD detector and a computer, said CCD detector is electrically connected to said computer, said CCD detector is used for receiving said X-ray and then converting said X-ray into an electrical signal; and the computer is used for reconstructing the electric signal based on a preset image reconstruction algorithm so as to obtain two-dimensional images of different implosion moments in the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet.
5. The ICF implosion target pellet implosion process X-ray imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein said implosion target pellets to be detected are indirect or direct drive inertial confinement fusion ICF implosion target pellets.
6. An imaging method of an X-ray imaging device based on the ICF implosion target pellet implosion process of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
emitting X rays by an X-ray source, and then injecting the X rays into an implosion target pill to be detected through a monochromatic crystal;
the analysis crystal is used for receiving the X rays which have refraction effect with the implosion target pills to be detected;
after the X-ray emitted by the analysis crystal is received by a coding plate, the X-ray is coded;
under the state that a slit driver drives an entrance slit part of a stripe camera to move along the vertical direction at a preset displacement speed, the stripe camera receives the X-rays which are encoded by the encoding plate and then are incident from the entrance slit part;
and receiving the X rays output by the stripe camera through an image imaging module, and reconstructing an image of the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet according to the X rays.
7. The imaging method according to claim 6, wherein the image imaging module comprises a CCD detector and a computer, and the CCD detector is electrically connected with the computer, so that the step of receiving the X-rays output by the streak camera through the image imaging module and reconstructing the image of the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet according to the X-rays comprises the following steps:
after the CCD detector receives the X-rays, the X-rays are converted into electric signals;
and reconstructing the electric signal through the computer based on a preset image reconstruction algorithm, so as to obtain two-dimensional images of different implosion moments in the implosion process of the to-be-detected implosion target pellet.
8. The imaging method according to claim 7, wherein the preset image reconstruction algorithm is a two-step iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm.
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| CN114724735A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-07-08 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Quasi-online reading system and method for X-ray image information in ICF |
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