CN113358330B - Sky-curtain target detection surface defocusing position estimation method - Google Patents

Sky-curtain target detection surface defocusing position estimation method Download PDF

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CN113358330B
CN113358330B CN202110591275.7A CN202110591275A CN113358330B CN 113358330 B CN113358330 B CN 113358330B CN 202110591275 A CN202110591275 A CN 202110591275A CN 113358330 B CN113358330 B CN 113358330B
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detection
distance
defocusing
detection surface
lens
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CN113358330A (en
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韩淏睿
杨雨弋
薛琦涛
李瑞琪
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North University of China
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
    • G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
    • G01M11/0242—Testing optical properties by measuring geometrical properties or aberrations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations

Abstract

The invention discloses a skyA curtain target detection surface defocusing position estimation method relates to the military field, and comprises the following steps: lens focus for acquiring backdrop target
Figure 116535DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
And a detection range; according to the nearest detection distance of the backdrop target
Figure 721697DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And the farthest detection distance
Figure 106542DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Calculating the image distance of the focusing surface
Figure 155270DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(ii) a Determining aperture factor of backdrop target lens
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
And calculating the diameter of the entrance pupil of the lens
Figure 868142DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
(ii) a According to the geometric relationship between the diffuse speckles and the lens imaging, establishing the geometric constraint relationship of the defocusing positions of the detection surface; diameter of the diffuse spot generated by the farthest detection distance
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Diameter of the scattered spot generated by the nearest detection distance
Figure 903094DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
And the defocusing position of the detection surface obtained in the same time is the defocusing position of the optimal detection surface, and the optimized defocusing amount of the detection surface is further obtained. According to the method provided by the invention, through estimating the defocusing position of the optimal detection surface, the defocusing amount of the farthest detection distance and the defocusing amount of the nearest detection distance of the backdrop target are kept consistent, and the problem of sensitivity reduction caused by large defocusing amount can be effectively solved.

Description

Estimation method for defocusing position of detection surface of sky-screen target
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of military affairs, in particular to a method for estimating a defocusing position of a detection surface of a backdrop target.
Background
The sky screen target is a target range testing instrument which takes the sky as the background and is used for detecting the target passing time of flying shots, and the sky screen target mainly comprises an imaging lens, a slit diaphragm, a detection surface, a processing circuit and the like. And acquiring a light energy change signal caused by the fact that the projectile passes through the field of view area by using the detection surface, and extracting the light energy change moment in the signal. When the lens detects the projectile targets with different distances under the condition that the f-number and the focusing distance are not changed, the backdrop target can cause the detection surface to image with different defocusing amounts, so that different diffuse spots and blurring are generated.
The defocusing amount of the detection surface image of the sky screen target for different detection distances
Figure 623158DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Can be according to the formula:
Figure 640792DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is determined in which
Figure 322309DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Is the focal length of the lens and is,
Figure 792605DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
is the object distance. Therefore, for the nearest distance and the farthest distance detected by the backdrop target, the imaging defocusing amount at a farther distance is smaller, the imaging defocusing amount at a closer distance is larger, the defocusing amount is larger, and the imaging is blurred, so that the sensitivity of the detection of the backdrop target is influenced, and the sensitivity of the detection at a closer distance is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for estimating the defocus position of the detection surface of a backdrop target, comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring focal length of lens of backdrop target
Figure 568669DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And a detection range;
s2: according to the nearest detection distance of the backdrop target
Figure 503127DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
And the farthest detection distance
Figure 230911DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Calculating the image distance of the focusing surface
Figure 47558DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
；
S3: determining aperture factor of a backdrop target lens
Figure 315728DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
And calculating the diameter of the entrance pupil of the lens by formula (1)
Figure 307955DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
，
Figure 550848DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
（1）；
S4: according to the geometric relationship between the diffuse speckles and the lens imaging, establishing the geometric constraint relationship of the defocusing positions of the detection surface;
s5: diameter of the diffuse spot generated by the farthest detection distance
Figure 58053DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Diameter of the scattered spot generated by the nearest detection distance
Figure 67597DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
And the defocusing position of the detection surface obtained in the same time is the defocusing position of the optimal detection surface, and the optimized defocusing amount of the detection surface is further obtained.
Further, the method also comprises the step of obtaining the out-of-focus position of the optimal detection surface
Figure 773385DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Calculating the maximum diffuse spot diameter
Figure 639710DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
。
Furthermore, the geometric constraint formula for calculating the image distance is shown in formula (2):
Figure 571894DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
（2）
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 516889DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
is the focal length of the lens system,
Figure 280446DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
the detection distance of the backdrop target is the detection distance,
Figure 255355DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
is the focal plane image distance.
Furthermore, the position geometric constraint relation of the out-of-focus surface is shown in formula (2) and formula (3):
Figure 799469DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
（3）
Figure 947553DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
（4）
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 768879DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
the focal plane image distance at the farthest detection distance,
Figure 524476DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
the focal plane image distance for the closest detection distance,
Figure 227990DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
the diameter of the diffuse spot generated for the farthest detection distance,
Figure 383028DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
the diameter of the diffuse spot generated for the closest detection distance,
Figure 917914DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
the defocusing position of the optimal detection surface is obtained.
Further, the optimal detection plane defocus position
Figure 296943DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
See formula (5):
Figure 691015DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
（5）
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 758066DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
the focal plane image distance at the farthest detection distance,
Figure 288405DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
the focal plane image distance for the closest detection distance,
Figure 838335DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
the defocusing position of the optimal detection surface is obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method provided by the invention can keep the defocusing amount of the farthest detection distance and the nearest detection distance of the backdrop target consistent by estimating the defocusing position of the optimal detection surface, can effectively solve the problem of sensitivity reduction caused by large defocusing amount when the detection surface of the backdrop target detects at a short distance, enables the short-distance and long-distance detection of the backdrop target to achieve the same sensitivity, and realizes the large-range reliable detection of the backdrop target.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating a defocus position of a detection surface of a backdrop target according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Examples
When the detection distance index of the backdrop target is 1000 times of the bullet diameter, the diameter of the bullet is measured
Figure 578758DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
mm, length
Figure 810019DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
Detecting mm, wherein the detection range of the backdrop target is 1000-7620 mm; the focal length of the lens of the selected backdrop target
Figure 257181DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
；
The method comprises the following steps: calculating the focal plane image distance according to the nearest detection distance and the farthest detection distance of the backdrop target;
specifically, according to the imaging geometric constraint formula (2):
Figure 791061DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
（2）
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 159726DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
is the focal length of the lens, and is,
Figure 991416DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
the detection distance of the backdrop target is the detection distance,
Figure 355401DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
is the focal plane image distance.
Calculating the image distance of the focusing surface as the detection distance
Figure 450396DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
At mm, it is at the image distance of the image formed on the focusing surface
Figure 837515DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
mm; when detecting the distance
Figure 784480DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
mm time, its image distance to the focal plane
Figure 409496DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
mm。
Step two: determining aperture factor of backdrop target lens
Figure 472130DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
And calculating the diameter of the entrance pupil of the lens by formula (1)
Figure 408862DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
mm，
Figure 785617DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
（1）；
Step three: assuming that the defocusing position of the detection surface is between the two focusing surfaces, establishing a geometric constraint relation followed by the defocusing position of the detection surface according to the geometric relation between the diffuse spot and the lens imaging as shown in the formula (3) and the formula (4):
in particular, when detecting distance
Figure 61877DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
The diameter of the generated diffuse spot is mm
Figure 108462DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
The following constraints are met:
Figure 673436DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
（3）
detecting distance of the current son
Figure 650619DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
The diameter of the generated diffuse spot is mm
Figure 109282DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
The following constraints are met:
Figure 716981DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
（4）
step four: when the diameters of the imaging scattered spots at the farthest detection distance and the closest detection distance are equal and equal to the maximum diameter of the scattered spot, the defocusing position of the obtained detection surface is the defocusing position of the optimal detection surface;
when the diameter of the diffuse spot imaged at the farthest detection distance and the nearest detection distance is equal to and equal to the maximum diameter of the diffuse spot, the specific formula is shown in formula (6):
Figure 300409DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
（6）
the formula for calculating the defocus position of the obtained optimal detection surface is shown in formula (5):
Figure 658447DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
（5）
calculating out-of-focus position of the optimal detection plane to be 59.9673mm and focal distance between the optimal detection plane and the lens
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
By comparison, the optimized defocus amount of the detection surface is 1.9673mm.
The fourth step: the defocusing position of the optimal detection surface is brought into the formula (3) or (4) to obtain the maximum diffuse spot diameter on the defocusing surface
Figure 112562DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
Is 0.8393mm.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A sky-screen target detection surface defocusing position estimation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: lens focus for acquiring backdrop target
Figure 42760DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
And a detection range;
s2: according to the nearest detection distance of the backdrop target
Figure 703549DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And the farthest detection distance
Figure 783500DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Calculating the image distance of the focusing surface
Figure 12487DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
；
S3: determining aperture factor of a backdrop target lens
Figure 545100DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
And calculating the entrance pupil diameter of the lens by the formula (1)
Figure 9579DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
，
Figure 819403DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
（1）；
S4: according to the geometric relationship between the diffuse speckles and the lens imaging, establishing the geometric constraint relationship of the defocusing positions of the detection surface;
s5: diameter of the diffuse spot generated by the farthest detection distance
Figure 343926DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Diameter of the scattered spot generated by the nearest detection distance
Figure 363834DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
The detection plane defocusing position obtained in the same time is the optimal detection plane defocusing position, and the optimal defocusing amount of the detection plane is further obtained;
the geometric constraint formula for calculating the image distance of the focusing surface is shown in the formula (2):
Figure 241791DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
（2）
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 30756DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is the focal length of the lens, and is,
Figure 726179DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the detection distance of the backdrop target is the detection distance,
Figure 374330DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
is the focal plane image distance;
the detection surface defocusing position geometric constraint relation is shown in an expression (3) and an expression (4):
Figure 915032DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
（3）
Figure 824083DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
（4）
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
the focal plane image distance at the farthest detection distance,
Figure 846001DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
the focal plane image distance for the closest detection distance,
Figure 840502DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
the diameter of the diffuse spot generated for the farthest detection range,
Figure 184896DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
the diameter of the diffuse spot generated for the closest detection range,
Figure 823819DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
defocusing positions of the optimal detection surface;
defocus position of optimal detection plane
Figure 861045DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
See formula (5):
Figure 77262DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
（5）
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 366292DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
the focal plane image distance at the farthest detection distance,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
the focal plane image distance for the closest detection distance,
Figure 249935DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
defocusing positions of the optimal detection surface;
calculating out-of-focus position of the optimal detection surface and focal length between the optimal detection surface and the lens
Figure 599008DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
And comparing to obtain the optimized defocusing amount of the detection surface.
2. The method for estimating out-of-focus position of detection surface of sky-screen target as claimed in claim 1, further comprising obtaining the optimal out-of-focus position of detection surface
Figure 302522DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
Calculating the maximum diffuse spot diameter
Figure 988718DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
。
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